JP4880095B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger having left and right headers and heat transfer tubes provided between the headers, and more particularly, to a heat exchanger that enables a header to be easily created.

  FIG. 14 shows the structure of a conventional multi-tube heat exchanger (such as Patent Document 1). In FIG. 14, reference numeral 201 denotes a fin, which is provided in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 202. In general, a plurality of fins 201 are provided at regular intervals, but only both end portions are shown in FIG. Reference numeral 202 denotes a heat transfer tube through which a fluid to be cooled is passed. Reference numeral 203 denotes headers provided at both ends of the heat transfer tube 202 so that fluid flows into the plurality of heat transfer tubes. A plurality of partition plates 204 are provided inside the header 203, the flow direction of the fluid is regulated by the partition plates 204, and the fluid flowing from one heat transfer tube 202 is allowed to flow to the other heat transfer tube 202. It is what I did.

  The operation of cooling the fluid using such a multi-tube heat exchanger will be described. First, the fluid is caused to flow from the leftmost upper header 203 in FIG. Then, the fluid flows through the uppermost (first stage) heat transfer pipe 202 and flows to the partition space 205 of the right header 203, and then flows to the second stage heat transfer pipe 202 in the partition space 205. Then, the fluid flows to the second-stage partition space 205 of the left header 203, and similarly flows while meandering the right header 203 and the left header 203. On the other hand, when air is circulated along the fins 201 provided in a direction perpendicular to the heat transfer tubes 202, heat exchange is performed between the air and the surfaces of the fins 201 and the heat transfer tubes 202. The fluid flowing inside can be cooled.

  By the way, when manufacturing such a heat exchanger, generally, a pair of hollow headers are provided on the left and right sides, and insertion holes for inserting the heat transfer tubes are formed on opposite side surfaces of the headers. And a heat exchanger tube is inserted in the formed insertion hole, and the clearance gap between heat exchanger tubes is brazed (patent document 2).

JP 2004-108601 A JP 2006-308144 A

  However, when manufacturing such a heat exchanger, the method of inserting the heat transfer tube into the insertion hole of the header causes the following problems.

  That is, in the conventional method of inserting heat transfer tubes into the insertion holes of the header, the number of insertion holes of the header is determined, and therefore the number of heat transfer tubes cannot be increased or decreased. For this reason, when the number of heat transfer tubes is increased or decreased, there is a problem that a header having an insertion hole corresponding to the heat transfer tube must be recreated from scratch.

  Then, this invention was made paying attention to the said subject, and even if it is a case where the number of heat exchanger tubes is increased / decreased, it aims at providing the heat exchanger which does not need to make a new header from scratch.

That is, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a heat exchanger having a header and a heat transfer tube attached to the header, wherein the header is constituted by a header unit and a header cover, and the header unit is transmitted. both the tube mounting portion for mounting the heat pipe, and configured to have an opening in the wall with different wall having the pipe mounting portion, said header cover and configured to cover the opening of the header unit, The header cover is attached so that the left and right headers are different.

If comprised in this way, while changing the thickness of the lamination | stacking of a header unit, it will become possible to respond | correspond to the increase / decrease in the number of heat exchanger tubes only by making the header cover corresponding to the thickness. Also, when configuring a heat exchanger that causes the fluid to meander alternately between the left and right headers, one type of header cover is prepared, and it is possible to increase or decrease the number of heat transfer tubes by simply attaching them to the left and right. be able to.

  Moreover, in another form, it is comprised so that the opening part of a header unit may be covered in the state which laminated | stacked the header unit.

  If it does in this way, the opening part of a some header unit can be covered collectively, and it can be set as one header.

In the present invention, in a heat exchanger having a header and a heat transfer tube attached to the header, the header is constituted by a header unit and a header cover, and the header unit is a tube attachment portion for attaching the heat transfer tube. The header cover is configured to cover the opening of the header unit, and the header cover is configured with left and right headers. Since it is attached so as to be different, it is possible to cope with an increase or decrease in the number of heat transfer tubes only by changing the thickness of the stack of header units and making a header cover corresponding to the thickness. Also, when configuring a heat exchanger that causes the fluid to meander alternately between the left and right headers, one type of header cover is prepared, and it is possible to increase or decrease the number of heat transfer tubes by simply attaching them to the left and right. be able to.

Schematic of a heat exchanger showing an embodiment of the present invention Exploded perspective view of header unit and heat transfer tube in the same form The figure which shows the state which assembled the unit separation body in the same form Exploded perspective view of another heat transfer tube and header unit in the same form State diagram with header cover attached to header unit in same form Diagram of overlapping header units in the same form The figure which shows the header unit in 2nd embodiment The state figure which attached the header cover to the header unit in FIG. Schematic of the heat exchanger in the third embodiment The figure which shows the manufacturing process of the heat exchanger in 3rd embodiment. The figure which shows the heat exchanger in 4th embodiment The figure which shows the heat exchanger in 5th embodiment The figure which shows the header vicinity in 5th embodiment Schematic diagram of a general heat exchanger in a conventional example

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 1 according to the present embodiment includes a pair of left and right headers 2 and a heat transfer tube 4 having a circular cross section provided between the headers 2. The header 2 is provided with a plurality of header units 21 and a header cover 3 covering the header units 21. And as shown in FIG. 2, while forming the recessed part 28 for pinching the heat exchanger tube 4 in the 1st wall surface 23 which is the front side of the header unit 21, the opening part 27 is formed in the rear surface side, The opening part 27, the header cover 3 is attached. Hereinafter, the configuration of the heat exchanger 1 in the first embodiment will be described in detail.

  <First embodiment>

  The heat transfer tube 4 constituting the heat exchanger 1 is made of a metal tubular member having good thermal conductivity, and has an outer diameter of 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably 0, for example. It is constituted by a very thin tubular member having an inner diameter of 0.7 mm to 1.9 mm, preferably 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat transfer tubes 4 are provided in parallel on the same plane. In this embodiment (first embodiment), fluid flows from the left header 2 to the right header 2 in FIG. 1, and heat is generated by another fluid flowing outside the heat transfer tube 4 in the middle. I try to replace them.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the header 2 provided on both ends of the heat transfer tube 4 includes a header unit 21 that sandwiches the vicinity of the end of the heat transfer tube 4 and an opening 27 on the rear surface side of the header unit 21. The header cover 3 (refer FIG. 5) which covers is comprised. For the sake of explanation, in this embodiment, the side to which the heat transfer tube 4 is attached is the front surface (first wall surface 23), the wall surface in the extending direction of the heat transfer tube 4 is the rear surface, the left and right sides are side surfaces, the upper side and The lower side will be described as an upper surface and a bottom surface, respectively.

  The structure of the header unit 21 of the header 2 will be described. The header unit 21 is configured by unit separators 22 that form a pair in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. When such a unit separation body 22 is formed, it may be formed integrally by pressing, or may be formed integrally by folding the end side of a planar metal plate inward. The unit separator 22 is provided with a plurality of recesses 28 on the first wall surface 23 on which the heat transfer tube 4 is attached, and left and right side surfaces 24 and a bottom surface 25 are provided so as to continue from there, and the rear surface side is opened. Opening 27 is formed. The first wall surface 23 is divided by a dividing surface 20 parallel to the axial surface of the heat transfer tube 4, and a plurality of recesses 28 are formed on the dividing surface 20. The dividing surface 20 is divided by a surface parallel to the axial surface of the heat transfer tube 4, and the recess 28 has a shape that halves the outer shape of the heat transfer tube 4. 2 and 3, since the heat transfer tube 4 is circular, the shape of the recess 28 is also semicircular. However, when using a flat heat transfer tube 4 as shown in FIG. A semi-flat shape in which the lower half of the heat transfer tube 4 is divided in half can also be used. The concave portion 28 formed in such a shape is provided at a position that is bilaterally symmetric with respect to the first wall surface 23, so that even when the unit separator 22 is opposed in the upside down direction, The open portions of the recesses 28 are aligned so that the heat transfer tubes 4 are sandwiched therebetween. When the heat transfer tube 4 is sandwiched between the recesses 28 as described above, the gap between the recesses 28 is brazed with the brazing material 5 to prevent fluid leakage. Further, the joint portions of the upper and lower unit separators 22 are also brazed from the outside, but in this embodiment, the rear surface side of the header unit 21 is open, so that brazing can also be performed from the inside.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the header cover is configured to cover the openings 27 of the plurality of stacked header units 21 with a predetermined gap space S. To each header unit 21 from each opening 27, and fluid discharged from each header unit 21 is joined and discharged from the discharge port 32. When this header cover 3 is attached to the header unit 21, the amount of overlap between the side surface 24 of the header unit 21 and the side surface of the header cover 3 is changed, thereby adjusting the size of the gap space S, so Is allowed to flow into each header unit 21.

  Next, the case where the heat exchanger 1 comprised in this way is manufactured is demonstrated. When manufacturing this heat exchanger 1, first, the unit separator 22 is arranged so that the concave portion 28 faces upward, and in that state, the heat transfer tube 4 is attached from the open portion of the concave portion 28. When the heat transfer tubes 4 are attached to the recesses 28, the plurality of heat transfer tubes 4 are dropped so as to roll on the unit separator 22, and the heat transfer tubes 4 other than the heat transfer tubes 4 dropped into the recesses 28 are removed and attached. And after attaching the heat exchanger tube 4 in this way, after adjusting the position of the edge part of the heat exchanger tube 4, the unit separator 22 turned upside down is covered from the top, and the recessed part 28 of the upper and lower unit separator 22 is covered. Then, the heat transfer tube 4 is sandwiched. Then, the dividing surfaces 20 of the upper and lower unit separators 22 and the gaps between the heat transfer tubes 4 and the recesses 28 are brazed with the brazing material 5.

  Hereinafter, similarly, a plurality of header units 21 to which the heat transfer tubes 4 are attached are provided, and these are stacked in the vertical direction. At this time, the rear surface side of the header unit 21 is in an open state, the header cover 3 is attached from the rear surface side, and the gap space S is formed on the rear surface side of the header unit 21. After the header cover 3 is attached in this way, the joint portion between the header cover 3 and the header unit 21 is brazed so that the fluid does not leak outside. At this time, if necessary, brazing is also performed from the opening 27 side of the header unit 21.

  The effect | action at the time of using the heat exchanger 1 comprised in this way is demonstrated.

  First, when a fluid is introduced from the inlet 31 of one header 2, the fluid flows into the gap space S between the header cover 3 and the header unit 21, and then branches to each header unit 21. It will flow to 4. At this time, the fluid is exchanged with other fluid flowing in the outer peripheral portion of the heat transfer tube 4, and is discharged from the header unit 21 on the opposite side in a state where the heat exchange is performed. And it discharges | emits from the discharge port 32 of the header cover 3 through the clearance space S of the rear surface side of the header unit 21. FIG.

  As described above, according to the above embodiment, the header units 21 that hold the heat transfer tubes 4 are stacked in the vertical direction, and the openings 27 of the stacked header units 21 are covered with the header cover 3 with a predetermined gap space S. Since it did in this way, while changing the thickness of the lamination | stacking and making the header cover 3 corresponding to the thickness, it can respond to the increase / decrease in the number of the heat exchanger tubes 4. FIG. In addition, in this embodiment, since the rear surface side of the header unit 21 is open, it can be brazed from the inside of the header unit 21, thereby preventing fluid leakage more reliably. become.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, when the header cover 3 is attached, the size of the gap space S can be adjusted simply by changing the amount of overlap with the header unit 21, and the fluid flow is in an optimal state. Thus, the header cover 3 can be attached.

  In the first embodiment, the unit separators 22 having the same shape are vertically opposed to each other. However, when the welding allowance during brazing is reduced, as shown in FIG. The unit separator 22 may be configured to be slightly smaller and brazed so that the first wall surface 23 and the side surface 24 overlap. At this time, if the header cover 3 is to be attached to the header unit 21, a gap is generated between the small unit separator 22 (upper unit separator 22 in FIG. 6) and the header cover 3. The gap may be sealed using a brazing material or a metal plate.

  <Second Embodiment>

  Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the opening 27 is formed on the rear side of the header unit 21, but in the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the header unit 21b is formed. An opening 27 is formed on the side of the header cover 3 and the header cover 3 is attached thereto. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described. In addition, what attached | subjected the same code | symbol as 1st Embodiment shall have the same structure as 1st Embodiment.

  The configuration of the header unit 21b and the header cover 3b in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As in the first embodiment, the header unit 21b is constituted by a pair of unit separators 22b, and is a recess in which the heat transfer tubes 4 are halved on the dividing surface 20 of each unit separator 22b. 28 and a rear surface 26 and a bottom surface 25 facing the first wall surface 23 having the concave portion 28 are provided to form an upward U-shape. And by constructing the unit separator 22b in this way, the upper surface side and the side surface side are opened, and each unit separator 22b is joined upside down so that the heat transfer tubes 4 are sandwiched between the respective recesses 28. I will let you.

  The header cover 3b is attached to the opening 27 on the side surface side of the header unit 21b configured as described above (FIG. 8). The header cover 3b is configured so as to cover the opening 27 of the header unit 21b stacked in the vertical direction with a predetermined gap space S. The heat transfer tubes 4 (not shown in FIG. 8) of each header unit 21 b are branched and the fluid discharged from each header unit 21 b is joined and discharged from the discharge port 32. When attaching the header cover 3b to the header unit 21b, the size of the gap space S is adjusted by changing the amount of overlap between the first wall surface 23 and the rear surface 26 of the header unit 21b and the side surface of the header cover 3b. This allows fluid to flow to each header unit 21b in an optimal state. In FIG. 8, the header cover 3b is attached only to one side, but the header cover 3b may be attached to both sides.

  Thus, even when the header 2b is configured as in the second embodiment, the number of the heat transfer tubes 4 can be increased by changing the stacking state of the header unit 21b and making the corresponding header cover 3b. It becomes possible to cope with increase and decrease.

  <Third embodiment>

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the header unit 21 is formed by facing the unit separator 22 in which the header unit 21 is divided in half. The third embodiment. Then, it is made into the box shape which opened only the rear surface side, and provided with the circular pipe | tube attachment part 28c in the 1st wall surface 23c.

  The header 2c in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 9. The header unit 21c constituting the header 2c includes a first wall surface 23c on the side where the heat transfer tube 4 is attached, left and right side surfaces 24, an upper surface, and a bottom surface. The opening 27 is formed by opening only the rear surface side. The first wall surface 23c is provided with a circular tube attachment portion 28c for inserting the heat transfer tube 4 in the axial direction. The heat transfer tube 4 is inserted in the tube attachment portion 28c in the axial direction and brazed. To do.

  On the other hand, the header cover 3 attached to the rear surface side of the header unit 21c is provided in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and is attached so as to form a predetermined gap space S from the opening 27.

  When the header 2c is configured using such a header unit 21c, first, as shown in FIG. 10A, the header units 21c provided on the left and right are arranged so that the first wall surfaces 23c are in close contact with each other. Then, the heat transfer tubes 4 are inserted into the respective tube attachment portions 28c at once. Then, the same operation is repeated to insert the heat transfer tubes 4 into all the tube attachment portions 28c, and then the header units 21c are separated from each other (FIG. 10 (b)), in the vicinity of the end portions of the heat transfer tubes 4. Is brazed with brazing material 5. Similarly, the header units 21 to which the heat transfer tubes 4 are attached are stacked in the vertical direction, and the header cover 3 is attached from the left and right openings 27.

  Even in this case, it is possible to cope with the increase or decrease in the number of the heat transfer tubes 4 only by changing the stacked state of the header units 21c and making the header cover 3 corresponding thereto.

  In this embodiment, the rear surface side is opened, but the side surface 24 may be opened as in the second embodiment.

  <Fourth embodiment>

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In each of the above embodiments, one header cover 3 is attached to all the stacked header units 21, but in this embodiment, the header cover 3d is attached to the two upper and lower header units 21, and The header covers 3d are alternately attached to the left and right headers 2 so as to be different.

  The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the first embodiment, the header unit 21 in this embodiment is such that the upper and lower unit separators 22 face each other and the heat transfer tube 4 is sandwiched between them so that the rear surface side is opened. I have to. In this embodiment, the case where the header unit 21 having the rear side opened is used, but the configuration of the header unit 21 is any of the second embodiment to the fourth embodiment. The configuration may be used.

  Characteristically, in this embodiment, the openings 27 of the two upper and lower header units 21 are covered with the header cover 3, and a predetermined gap space S is formed in the openings 27.

  In the case of configuring such a heat exchanger 1d, first, two layers of header units 21 to which the heat transfer tubes 4 are attached are stacked, and the header unit 3d is not attached to the header unit 21 on the left side of the first stage. The header cover 3d is attached only to the header unit 21 at the first stage and the second stage.

  Next, the third-stage header unit 21 is stacked below the second-stage header unit 21, and the header cover 3 is attached to the second-stage and third-stage header units 21 for the left-side header 2. . At this time, the height positions of the right side header unit 21 and the left side header unit 21 in the second stage are slightly different as much as the header cover 3 is sandwiched, but the height is absorbed by the deflection of the heat transfer tube 4. I will let you.

  Hereinafter, similarly, the header cover 3 is attached so as to be alternately stepped on the right side and the left side, and only the header unit 21 is provided at the end.

  The case of using the heat exchanger 1d configured as described above will be described. First, a fluid is introduced from the header unit 21 provided on the left side of the uppermost portion, and then passed through the first stage heat transfer tube 4 to the right side. Distribute to the header unit 21. Then, the fluid flows into the second-stage header unit 21 via the gap space S behind the header unit 21, and then circulates through the second-stage heat transfer tube 4 to the left-side header unit 21. Similarly, it is made to distribute | circulate to the header unit 21 of the 3rd step through the clearance space S of the header cover 3, and it is made to distribute | circulate so that it may meander alternately, and is discharged from the header unit 21 of the lowest layer similarly. .

  Thus, even when configured as in the fourth embodiment, the number of heat transfer tubes 4 can be increased or decreased by changing the stacking state of the header units 21 and making the corresponding header cover 3d. Will be able to.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to remake the header cover 3d itself even when the thickness of the stack is changed, and it becomes possible to easily cope with an increase or decrease in the number of heat transfer tubes 4.

  <Fifth embodiment>

  Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The heat exchanger 1e in this embodiment is configured to exchange heat using a multiple tube 40 having an inner tube 41 and an outer tube 42, and a fluid passing through the inner tube 41, an inner tube 41 and an outer tube. Heat is exchanged with the fluid passing through the gap 42. Characteristically, the end portion of the outer tube 42 is covered with the first header 2a, the inner tube 41 is extended therefrom, and the end portion of the inner tube 41 extended from the first header 2a is disposed near the header. The second header 2d is covered with a cover 3b. In this embodiment, when the multiple tube 40 is used, it is preferable to use a structure in which two inner tubes 41 are inscribed inside the outer tube 42 as shown in FIG.

  The structure of the first header 2a will be described. The first header 2a is formed by stacking header units 21e that hold a plurality of multiple tubes 40, and each header unit 21e is composed of a pair of upper and lower unit separators 22e as shown in FIG. . The unit separator 22e is formed with a first concave portion 28a in which the outer tube 42 is halved on the first wall surface 23 on which the outer tube 42 is attached. A second concave portion 28b is formed on the second wall surface (rear surface 26) opposite to the axial direction of the inner tube 41. The dividing surfaces 20 of the first wall surface 23 and the second wall surface are divided by a plane parallel to the axial surface of the multiple tube 40, and open portions of the first recess 28 a and the second recess 28 b are formed on the dividing surface 20. I try to make it come. Then, the unit separator 22e formed in this way is vertically opposed, and the vicinity of the end portion of the outer tube 42 is sandwiched between the first recesses 28a, and the vicinity of the end portion of the inner tube 41 extending therefrom is the second portion. It is made to insert | pinch by the recessed part 28b. Then, the header units 21e are stacked in a layered manner with the multiple tubes 40 sandwiched in this way, and as shown in FIG. 13, the side opening 27 is covered with the header cover 3a and flows in from the inlet 31a. The fluid is branched to each header unit 71. The fluid branched into each header unit 21e flows through the gap between the outer tube 42 and the inner tube 41.

  Next, the structure of the second header 2d will be described. The second header 2d is configured to allow fluid to flow through the inner pipe 41 extending from the second recess 28b. In this embodiment, the header 2 covers one header and the header cover 3a. The cover 3b is used. When this header cover 3b covers the header unit 21e and the side header cover 3a, a small gap is formed between the side header cover 3a and the header unit 21e. This gap is brazed with a brazing material or the like. To do. Then, the fluid is allowed to flow from the inlet 31b of the second header 2d configured as described above, and the fluid is allowed to flow only into the inner pipe 41.

  In this way, when the second header 2d is configured, it can be configured with only one header cover 3b, so that the header can be configured very easily.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can implement in a various aspect.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the header cover 3 has a box shape. However, the shape is not limited to this, and the heat transfer tubes 4 of the respective layers are provided through the openings 27. As long as the fluid from the fluid is circulated, it may be in such a shape.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heat exchanger 2 ... Header 21 ... Unit separator 23 of header unit 22 ... First wall surface 24 ... Side surface 25 ... Bottom surface 27 ... Opening 28 ... Recesses (tube mounting parts)
3 ... Unit cover 31 ... Inlet 32 ... Discharge port 4 ... Heat transfer tube 5 ... Brazing material S ... Gap space

Claims (2)

In a heat exchanger having a header and a heat transfer tube attached to the header,
The header is composed of a header unit and a header cover,
The header unit,
A tube mounting portion for mounting the heat transfer tube, and a configuration having an opening on a wall surface different from the wall surface having the tube mounting portion,
The header cover,
While configured to cover the opening of the header unit ,
The heat exchanger is characterized in that the header cover is attached so as to be stepped between the left and right headers . The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the header cover is configured to cover an opening of the header unit in a state where the header units are stacked.

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