JP4846328B2 - Architectural wall body with flame barrier function, building with flame barrier function, and fire prevention method for building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention, for example, can effectively prevent the building wall from burning and spreading by closing the ventilation passage in the wall of the building panel and blocking the flame even when a fire occurs. The present invention relates to a building wall body having a flame barrier function, a building having a flame barrier function, and a fire prevention method for the building.

  Conventionally, for example, in a framework method such as a two-by-four method, a framework wall method for constructing a building using a wall panel manufactured in advance in a factory or the like has been used.

  This framed wall construction method has a sealed structure in which a heat insulating material or the like is mounted in the wall panel, so that heat accumulates in the summer and the room space becomes hot. Further, in winter, when the temperature difference between the living room space and the outside air is large, when condensation occurs in the wall, water vapor cannot be discharged outside the panel, which may impair durability.

For this reason, conventionally, an in-wall ventilation method has been used in which a ventilation space is provided in the wall (inside the wall panel), and an inner ventilation passage is provided from the underfloor space to the back of the hut space so that outside air can be taken in. It is supposed to be. Buildings such as wooden houses constructed by such an aeration method in the wall are excellent in that moisture or hot air is less likely to stay inside the housing .

  In addition, in a building constructed by such a ventilation method in the wall, in order to enhance fire resistance so that it does not spread even if a fire occurs, between the wall and the underfloor space, between the wall and the wall, In the ventilation part between the wall and the ceiling and between the wall and the attic space, a flame-proofing measure is taken to shield the ventilation part.

  That is, in such a ventilation part, a flame stopper that controls the ventilation opening area is provided, an expansion member that closes the ventilation part by being expanded by heat is provided, or a fire-proof damper that closes the ventilation part in the event of a fire is used. Thus, flame-proofing measures are taken to shield the ventilation part.

  For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-22416) discloses a flame stopper 104 disposed at an arbitrary position in a ventilation space 102 provided in a wall body 100 as shown in FIG.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the flame stopper 104 is attached in a flat state between columns and studs at a substantially intermediate position of the height of the wall 106. An opening 108 is formed. Then, by controlling the area of the opening 108 so that the opening area is within 3 to 30% of the plane area in the wall, the burning wall is made in an oxygen-deficient state and is prevented from spreading. Things have been done.

  Further, in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-135538), as shown in FIG. 12, for example, a plurality of damper types are provided near the ceilings of the first and second floors of the wall space 200 that is a ventilation portion. A fire shield plate 202 is provided. Then, the damper-type fireproof shielding plate 202 is closed in the event of a fire to shield the ventilation portion of the in-wall space 200 from flame.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 2, a plurality of ventilation holes 204 are provided in a fireproof shielding plate 208 that is a cross member, as shown in FIG. By providing an expansion member 206 that expands and expands by heating and closes the vent hole 204, the ventilation portion is shielded from flame.

  Moreover, in patent document 3 (Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-162517), as shown in FIG. 14, between the inner peripheral side frame member 302 and the outer peripheral side frame member 304 of the wall frame 300, air permeability is provided. A net-like body 306 made of a wire net or the like having a function of blocking the passage of a flame is provided so as to close the vent hole 308.

  The mesh body 306 normally ventilates the wall through the vent hole 308, and prevents a flame from propagating through the vent hole 308 when a flame is generated. Yes.

In addition, a fire-resistant granular foam material 310 that foams at a predetermined temperature is disposed in a portion of the vent hole 308 of the net-like body 306, whereby the foam material 310 is foamed in the event of a fire, and the vent hole is formed. 308 is closed to exert a flame shielding effect.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-22416 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-135038 JP 2004-162517 A

  The actual situation is that such a flame shield measure is appropriately designed by the designer according to the design drawing. In other words, the shape of the building has a wide variety of shapes depending on the design, and there is no flame-proofing measure that can accommodate all design shapes, and flame-proofing measures are taken to fit each part. Since it is carried out individually, the form of flame shielding measures is also complicated.

  In addition, since the shape of the ventilation part is also various according to the shape of the building in this way, it takes time and labor to install and design the flame shielding member, and the cost is also high. It will also help.

Therefore, the current situation is that it is difficult to make the factory production and the construction method cannot be rationalized.
Further, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-22416), as shown in FIG. 11, it is attached in a flat state between columns and studs at a substantially intermediate position of the wall 106. When a flame is received on the entire surface of the wall 106, the entire wall burns and spreads. Further, in the method of controlling the area of the opening 108 for the flame stopper 104, it is difficult to completely shield the flame when the momentum of the fire is large.

Also, when the flame stopper 104 is brought into close contact with the horizontal member, it is often difficult to make the flame stopper 104 and the hole of the horizontal member the same.
Moreover, in patent document 2 (Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 8-135538), as shown in FIG. 12, the fire shield board 202 which is a cross member must be constructed in the wall space 200 which is a ventilation part. This requires labor and time for construction, and is expensive. Moreover, in the case of FIG. 13, it is necessary to carry out the fire shielding plate 208, and it is necessary to provide the expansion member 206 in the plurality of vent holes 204 of the fire shielding plate 208. This requires labor and time for construction, and is expensive.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 15, when the wall frame 400 is used as a single frame and the flame shielding measure 402 is applied, the wall frame 400 itself burns in a fire, so that the structural strength Therefore, the wall frame 400 itself becomes large and the cost is high.

  In view of such a current situation, the present invention does not need to change the design of the building according to the flameproofing measures, and can be constructed with the same flameproofing structure in all buildings, and the flameproofing performance. It is uniform and can exhibit excellent flame-shielding performance, as well as ensure structural strength, and can be manufactured at the factory, ensuring quality easily, eliminating the need for on-site flame-shielding work and easy installation It is an object of the present invention to provide a building wall body having a flame shielding function, a building having a flame shielding function, and a fire prevention method for a building that can reduce the working time and cost.

The present invention was invented in order to achieve the problems and objects in the prior art as described above, and the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is
A substantially rectangular frame,
A face material stretched in the surface direction on the frame;
A ventilation space surrounded by the frame and the face material;
A ventilation opening formed in the frame and communicating with the ventilation space;
With
At least one side of the frame is
A plurality of laminated frame members;
A ventilation layer formed at an intermediate position of the frame body composed of the plurality of frame body members and constituting a part of the ventilation opening hole;
A flame shield member provided with a flame shield function that is provided in the ventilation layer and thermally expands due to heat to close the ventilation layer;
It is characterized by providing.

  As described above, the frame body constituting the structural member of the panel is formed as a plurality of stacked frame body members at a middle position of the frame body composed of the plurality of frame body members, and constitutes a part of the vent opening hole. A flame barrier member having a flame barrier function is provided in the ventilation layer.

Therefore, at the normal time when a fire does not occur, a plurality of stacked frame members can function as structural members and maintain structural strength.
Also, in the unlikely event of a fire, the flame can be reliably shielded by the flame shield member provided in the ventilation layer formed at the intermediate position of the frame body composed of a plurality of frame body members. In addition, at the time of this flame insulation, only the frame member of only one of the inner and outer flame surfaces is exposed to the flame, so that the structural strength is maintained by the frame member positioned on the non-fire side. .

  In addition, since a ventilation layer, which is a small ventilation space, is provided at an intermediate position of a frame made up of a plurality of frame members, a uniform flame-shielding space can be obtained regardless of the wall width. It is easy to flame, for example, since a flame shielding member composed of a thermally expanded refractory material having the same shape and thickness can be used, the amount of flame shielding member used can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Can be suppressed.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to change the design of the building according to the flame shielding measures, and it is possible to build with the same flame shielding structure in all buildings, and the flame shielding performance is uniform and excellent flame shielding performance. It can be used and structural strength can be ensured even in the event of a fire.

In addition, factory production is possible, quality is easily ensured, flame-proofing work is not required on site, construction is simple, work time can be shortened, and construction costs can be reduced.
Furthermore, for example, external heat insulation or internal heat insulation can be applied, and a heat insulation method for a building can be freely selected.

Moreover, the building wall body having the flame barrier function of the present invention is:
The plurality of frame members include an inner peripheral frame member, an outer peripheral frame member, and an intermediate frame member disposed between the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member. Prepared,
The intermediate frame member is composed of a pair of long intermediate frame members spaced apart by a fixed distance,
A ventilation layer is formed by a gap between the pair of intermediate frame members.

  By configuring in this way, it is only necessary to arrange the intermediate frame member between the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member and to form a ventilation layer by the gap between the intermediate frame members. Therefore, the structure is simple, the factory production is easy and mass production is possible, and the cost can be reduced.

Moreover, the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is characterized in that the flame shielding member is provided on at least one of the opposed surfaces of the pair of intermediate frame members.
By comprising in this way, a ventilation layer can be reliably obstruct | occluded by the flame-shielding member which is provided in at least one of the opposing surfaces of a pair of intermediate frame members, and expand | swells with heat at the time of fire occurrence, Since only the frame member of only one of the flame surfaces on the outer peripheral side is exposed to the flame, the structural strength can be maintained by the frame member positioned on the non-fire side.

  In the building wall body having a flame shielding function of the present invention, the flame shielding member is a sheet-like flame shielding member attached along at least one of the opposing surfaces of the pair of intermediate frame members. It is characterized by.

  By constituting in this way, for example, it is only necessary to attach the flame shielding member to the opposing surface of the pair of intermediate frame members in the form of a sheet composed of a thermally expanded refractory material having the same shape and thickness. The installation of the members is simple, technical skill is not required, the building wall body having the same performance and quality can be obtained, the factory production is easy, and the cost can be reduced.

Moreover, the building wall body having the flame barrier function of the present invention is:
The plurality of frame members include an inner peripheral frame member and an outer peripheral frame member,
While a groove is formed in at least one of the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member,
A ventilation layer is formed by the groove.

  With this configuration, a ventilation layer can be formed by forming a groove in at least one of the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member, so that the structure is simple and the component parts The number of points can be reduced, the factory production is easy, and the cost can be reduced.

Moreover, the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is characterized in that the flame shielding member is provided on at least one of the opposing side walls of the groove.
With this configuration, the air-permeable layer can be reliably blocked and flame-blocked by the flame-shielding member that is provided on at least one of the opposing side walls of the groove and expands by heat when a fire occurs. Since only the frame member on only one of the flame surfaces on the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side is exposed to the flame, the structural strength can be maintained by the frame member positioned on the non-fire side.

Moreover, the building wall body having a flame shielding function according to the present invention is characterized in that the flame shielding member is a sheet-like flame shielding member provided along at least one of the opposing side walls of the groove. .
By configuring in this way, for example, it is only necessary to attach a sheet-shaped flameproof member made of a thermally expanded refractory material having the same shape and thickness to the opposing wall of the groove, so that the flameproof member can be attached. It is simple, does not require technical skill, can provide a building wall having the same performance and quality, is easy for factory production, and can reduce costs.

  Further, the building wall body having a flame shielding function according to the present invention includes a vent opening formed in an inner peripheral frame member of the plurality of frame members, and an opening position of the outer peripheral frame member vent opening. Are formed so as to coincide with each other.

As described above, the ventilation opening formed in the inner frame member matches the opening position of the ventilation opening formed in the outer frame member. It is easy to ensure ventilation in the wall through the ventilation opening, and it is difficult to reduce durability due to accumulation of hot air in summer and condensation in winter.

Also, building wall provided with a flame blocking function of the present invention includes a vent opening hole formed on the inner peripheral side frame member of said plurality of frame members, the vent opening formed on the outer peripheral side frame member The opening position of the hole is formed so as not to coincide.

As described above, the vent opening hole formed in the inner frame member and the opening position of the vent hole formed in the outer frame member do not coincide with each other. Since the flame does not pass through the ventilation opening at the initial stage before the flame shielding function of the flame shielding member is activated, the initial flame shielding effect is excellent.

Moreover, this invention is the wall structure provided with the flame-insulating function which has the ventilation path in the wall comprised from the wall for construction provided with the flame-insulating function in any one of the above, or a building.
In the present invention, at least one of the attic space formed in the attic, the underfloor space formed under the floor, and the ceiling space formed in the ceiling,
A building having a flame shielding function, characterized in that it is communicated with a ventilation passage in a wall structure composed of a building wall having a flame shielding function according to any one of the above.

Furthermore, the present invention is a hut space with a ventilation part formed in the attic,
And an underfloor space with a ventilation section formed under the floor,
The attic space and the underfloor space are configured to communicate with the in-wall ventilation path of the wall structure constituted by the building wall body having a flame shielding function described in any of the above. It is a building with a characteristic flame barrier function.

In addition, the present invention constructs a building using a building wall having a flame barrier function according to any of the above,
The fireproofing method for a building is characterized in that a flameproof member provided in the gas permeable layer is thermally expanded by heat to block the gas permeable layer and shield the flame.

  According to the present invention, the frame constituting the structural member of the panel is formed as a plurality of stacked frame members at an intermediate position of the frame composed of the plurality of frame members, and a part of the vent opening hole. Is provided with a flame barrier member having a flame barrier function.

Therefore, at the normal time when a fire does not occur, a plurality of stacked frame members can function as structural members and maintain structural strength.
Also, in the unlikely event of a fire, the flame can be reliably shielded by the flame shield member provided in the ventilation layer formed at the intermediate position of the frame body composed of a plurality of frame body members. In addition, since only the frame member of only one of the inner and outer flame surfaces is exposed to the flame, the structural strength is maintained by the frame member positioned on the non-fire side.

  In addition, since a ventilation layer, which is a small ventilation space, is provided at an intermediate position of a frame made up of a plurality of frame members, a uniform flame-shielding space can be obtained regardless of the wall width. It is easy to flame, for example, since a flame shielding member composed of a thermally expanded refractory material having the same shape and thickness can be used, the amount of flame shielding member used can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Can be suppressed.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to change the design of the building according to the flame shielding measures, and it is possible to build with the same flame shielding structure in all buildings, and the flame shielding performance is uniform and excellent flame shielding performance. It can be used and structural strength can be ensured even in the event of a fire.

In addition, factory production is possible, quality is easily ensured, flame-proofing work is not required on site, construction is simple, work time can be shortened, and construction costs can be reduced.
Furthermore, for example, external heat insulation or internal heat insulation can be applied, and a heat insulation method for a building can be freely selected.

Hereinafter, embodiments (examples) of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a building showing an embodiment in which a building wall body having a flame-shielding function according to the present invention is used as a building panel and applied to a wooden frame wall construction method.

In FIG. 1, 10 shows the building of the present invention as a whole.
As shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 includes a foundation 12, and an underfloor space 14 is formed inside the foundation 12. The foundation 12 is provided with an underfloor ventilation port 16, and the underfloor ventilation port 16 is provided with an underfloor opening / closing damper 18 that can be opened or closed manually or electrically.

  Further, a heat insulating material 20 around the foundation is provided outside the foundation 12. In addition, although it is desirable to apply the thermal insulation material 20 around the foundation to the outside of the foundation 12 so that the temperature in the underfloor space 14 is less affected by the outside air temperature, it may be indoor.

On the other hand, a base 22 is provided above the foundation 12, and a first-floor room space 26 is formed above the base 22 via joists 24.
In the room space 26 on the first floor, a building panel 28 that constitutes the building wall of the present invention is provided between the joist 24 and the first and second floors, for example, torso, end joist, etc. No joist 30 is provided.

  Further, a second-floor room space 32 is formed above the joist 30, and the building panel 28 constituting the building wall of the present invention is also formed on the second floor in the second-floor room space 32. For example, it is provided between the roof space 34 and the joists 36 such as the waistline and the end joists.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the building panel 28 which comprises the building wall body of this invention is provided also in the wall between the room spaces 32 of the 2nd floor.
Moreover, the building 10 of the present invention is a wooden house having outer heat insulation on its outer wall, and is a wall that uses an outer ventilation layer 38 as an outer ventilation space and a hollow layer of the building panel 28 as an inner ventilation layer. And a body ventilation path 40.

  In order to provide external heat insulation and provide the outer ventilation layer 38 in this manner, an outer heat insulating material 42 is stretched outside the building panel 28. And the outer wall material 44 is provided in the outer surface of this outer side heat insulating material 42 at regular intervals spaced apart from the building panel 28 via the trunk edge which extends in the up-down direction which is not shown in figure. An outer ventilation layer 38 is formed by a gap formed between the outer wall member 44 and the outer heat insulating material 42. Note that the lower end of the outer ventilation layer 38 is communicated with the atmosphere.

On the other hand, the hut space 34 of the building 10 is also provided with a hut heat insulating material 48 on the outside of the rafter 46, and is provided with external heat insulation.
Further, a roof material 52 is provided outside the hut insulation 48 via a rafter 50 so as to be spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and is formed between the roof 52 and the hut insulation 48. By the gap, a shed back outside ventilation layer 54 is formed.

Further, the outer ventilation layer 38 and the shed back outer ventilation layer 54 communicate with each other and communicate with an exhaust port (not shown) such as a ridge ventilation port provided in the roof portion.
The outer ventilation layer 38 can communicate with the outside air in the vicinity of the eaves, and the outer ventilation layer 38 can be prevented from communicating with the backside outer ventilation layer 54. In this case, in order to exhaust the hot air from the roof, an opening communicating with the outside air may be provided in the vicinity of the eaves.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the shed space 34 is provided with a shed opening 58 provided with an open door 56 that communicates with the outside air and can be opened and closed with the degree of opening and closing. Yes.

In this case, instead of the openable / closable opening door 56, a fan or a ventilation fan capable of adjusting the air volume can be provided together with the openable door 56.
In this case, the heat insulating material 20 around the foundation, the outer heat insulating material 42, and the back heat insulating material 48 are not particularly limited, but a synthetic resin foam heat insulating plate is preferable, and examples thereof include polystyrene, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride. A resin foam plate having closed cells formed by foaming a synthetic resin is desirable.

  In particular, it is effective to use a polystyrene extruded foam plate having a high degree of rigidity, heat insulation, and moisture permeability resistance. However, the heat insulating material is not limited to such a synthetic resin extruded foam plate, and a fiber-based material in which glass wool, rock wool or the like is formed in a plate shape can also be used.

  Further, as the outer wall material 44, for example, a mortar wall, a siding wall, a concrete wall or the like can be used, but other wall materials may be used. Further, as the roofing material 52, for example, a roofing roofing material, a slate roofing material, a metal plate flat roofing material or the like can be used, but other roofing materials may be used.

  On the other hand, the building panel 28 includes a substantially rectangular frame 60 as shown in FIG. The frame body 60 includes an upper frame body 62, a lower frame body 64, and a plurality of vertical frame bodies 66 provided between the upper frame body 62 and the lower frame body 64 at a predetermined interval. It is configured.

  And the structural surface material 68 which is the surface material stretched by these frame bodies 60 in the surface direction, and is arrange | positioned on the outer side of a building, and the surface material arrange | positioned inside a building (room space side) And an interior material 70.

Thus, a ventilation space 72 surrounded by the frame body 60, the structural surface material 68, and the interior material 70 is formed.
In this case, the structural face material 68 is not particularly limited, and for example, a plywood, a wood panel, an inorganic panel, or the like can be used. The interior material 70 is not particularly limited, and an interior material such as a gypsum board can be used.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lower frame body 64 has a plurality of ventilation opening holes 74 communicating with the ventilation space 72.
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A, the upper frame 62 includes an inner peripheral frame member 76 and an outer peripheral frame member 78. An intermediate frame member 80 disposed at an intermediate position between the inner peripheral frame member 76 and the outer peripheral frame member 78 is provided.

  In this case, the intermediate frame member 80 is composed of a pair of long intermediate frame members 80a and 80b spaced apart by a constant distance, and a long gap extending between the pair of intermediate frame members 80a and 80b. As a result, a ventilation layer 82 constituting a part of the ventilation opening is formed.

And along the opposing surface of a pair of intermediate frame members 80a and 80b, the sheet-like flame-shielding members 84a and 84b are attached by joining members, such as an adhesive agent and a nail, for example.
In this case, the flame shield members 84a and 84b are preferably made of a fireproof foam material. For example, the flameproof members 84a and 84b have a capability of foaming at a high magnification (for example, 10 to 40 times foaming) at a predetermined temperature equal to or lower than the heat resistant temperature of wood. It is desirable to have it. In addition, as temperature which starts foaming, it is 60 to 250 degreeC, for example, Preferably, it is 200 to 250 degreeC, and it is desirable that foaming is completed at the temperature exceeding this temperature.

As such a refractory foaming material, for example, a butyl type or an epoxy type can be used.
Further, the thickness, width and the like of the flame shield members 84a and 84b may be arranged at such a size and position that the air-permeable layer 82 is closed when expanded by heat in the event of a fire.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, it is possible to use only one of the flame shield members 84a and 84b.
The inner frame member 76 and the outer frame member 78 of the upper frame 62 are formed with a plurality of ventilation openings 76a and 78a communicating with the ventilation space 72, respectively.

  In this case, the shape and size of the vent opening holes 74 formed in the lower frame body 64, the inner peripheral frame member 76 of the upper frame body 62, and the vent opening holes 76a and 78a formed in the outer peripheral frame member 78. Is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a circle, an ellipse (FIG. 5A), a triangle, a quadrangle (FIGS. 5B, 5C), a polygon It can be a shape, a notch shape (FIG. 5D), or the like.

  The vent opening holes 76a and 78a formed in the inner frame member 76 and the outer frame member 78 of the upper frame 62 may be configured so that the opening positions thereof coincide with each other. In this case, it is easy to ensure the ventilation in the wall through the ventilation openings 76a and 78a in a normal time when no fire is generated, and durability due to the accumulation of hot air in the summer and the occurrence of condensation in the winter. It is difficult to decrease.

  Further, the vent opening holes 76a and 78a formed in the inner frame member 76 and the outer frame member 78 of the upper frame 62 may be configured so that the opening positions do not coincide with each other. In this case, even in the event of a fire, since the flame does not pass through the ventilation opening at the initial stage before the flame shielding function of the installed flame shielding member works, the initial flame shielding effect It will be excellent.

  Further, the vent opening holes 76a and 78a formed in the inner peripheral frame member 76 and the outer peripheral frame member 78 of the upper frame 62 and the vent opening 74 formed in the lower frame 64 are also open positions. Can match or not match.

  As the structural unit of the building panel 28, as shown in FIG. 4A, the vertical frame 66 forms an outer frame, and as shown in FIG. Further, it may be of any size, such as one having a vertical frame 66 as an intermediate frame member.

  With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the event of a fire, the flame shield members 84a and 84b expand due to heat and block the ventilation layer 82, thereby providing flame shield. It comes to show an effect.

  In this case, such a flameproof measure is provided in the upper frame 62 in this embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the flameproof measure can also be given to the lower frame 64. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), it is possible to apply flameproofing to the vertical frame 66, and at least one side of the frame 60 is subjected to such flameproofing. Any combination is arbitrary.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the building panel 28 configured in this way is provided between the joist 24 above the base 22 and the first floor and the second floor, for example, a waistline, an end, and the like. It is provided between joists 30 such as joists.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the ventilation space 72 and the underfloor space of the building panel 28 through the ventilation notches 24 a of the joists 24 and the ventilation opening holes 74 formed in the lower frame body 64 of the building panel 28. 14 is in communication.

Above the joist 30, the building panel 28 is provided between the second floor and the joist space 34, for example, a joist 36, such as a waistline or an end joist.
Thereby, the ventilation space 72 of the building panel 28 on the first floor and the ventilation space 72 of the building panel 28 on the second floor are connected to the ventilation openings 76a, 78a of the upper frame 62 of the building panel 28 on the first floor. The ventilation layer 82 is communicated with the ventilation opening 30a of the joist 30 through the ventilation opening 74 formed in the lower frame 64 of the building panel 28 on the second floor.

  Furthermore, it communicates with the back space 34 through the ventilation openings 76a and 78a of the upper frame 62 of the building panel 28 on the second floor, the ventilation layer 82, and the ventilation openings 36a of the joists 36.

  With this configuration, the in-wall ventilation path 40 that communicates from the underfloor space 14 to the shed space 34 through the ventilation space 72 of the building panel 28 is formed.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the building panel 28 which comprises the building wall body of this invention is provided also in the wall between the room spaces 32 of the 2nd floor.
In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, a ventilation opening 94 may be provided in the floor joist 92 in the ceiling space 90 on the first floor so as to allow ventilation.

By comprising in this way, the frame body 60 which comprises the structural member of a building panel is made into the some laminated | stacked inner peripheral side frame member 76 and the outer peripheral side frame body member 78, and this some frame body member 76. , 78, and a pair of intermediate frame members 80a, 80b formed at a middle position of the frame body, and a ventilation layer 82 constituting a part of the ventilation opening hole and provided with a flame shielding function 84a, 84b.
Is provided.

  Accordingly, during normal times when no fire has occurred, the plurality of laminated inner frame members 76, outer frame members 78, and intermediate frame members 80a and 80b function as structural members to increase structural strength. Can be maintained.

  In the unlikely event of a fire, the flame can be reliably shielded by the flame shield members 84a and 84b provided in the ventilation layer formed at the intermediate position of the frame body composed of a plurality of frame body members. In addition, since only the frame member 76 or 78 on one of the inner and outer flame surfaces is exposed to the flame at the time of this flame insulation, the frame member positioned on the non-fire side provides structural strength. Will be kept.

  Furthermore, since a ventilation layer which is a small ventilation space is provided at an intermediate position of a frame body composed of a plurality of frame members, a uniform flame shielding space (ventilation layer 82) can be formed on any wall width, It is easy to shield the flame, and for example, it is possible to use a flame shield member composed of a thermally expanded refractory material having the same shape and thickness, so the amount of the flame shield member used can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Can be reduced.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to change the design of the building according to the flame shielding measures, and it is possible to build with the same flame shielding structure in all buildings, and the flame shielding performance is uniform and excellent flame shielding performance. It can be demonstrated and structural strength can be ensured.

Moreover, factory production is possible, quality assurance is easy, flame-proofing work is not required on site, construction is simple, work time can be shortened, and costs can be reduced.
Furthermore, for example, external heat insulation or internal heat insulation can be applied, and a heat insulation method for a building can be freely selected.

  Further, in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-162517), as shown in FIG. 14, when a fire occurs, the reticulate body 306 is rapidly raised by heat due to the flame, and the foam 310 There is an advantage that the foaming is quick and flame shielding is performed immediately.

  On the other hand, according to the present invention, instead of installing the net-like body 306 and the foam material 310 as in Patent Document 3, a ventilation that is a small ventilation space is provided at an intermediate position of the frame body composed of a plurality of frame body members. By providing a layer and applying a flame shielding measure to the ventilation layer portion, it is possible to improve the flame shielding performance and the structural strength, and to achieve construction, shortening of working time, and cost reduction.

  In this embodiment, the building wall body having a flame shielding function according to the present invention is applied to the wooden frame wall construction method as the construction panel 28. However, the conventional shaft construction method is also used. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, it is only necessary to provide a vent opening 24 b in the joist 24.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the upper frame 62 has the inner peripheral frame member 76, the outer peripheral frame member 78, and the inner peripheral frame member 76 and the outer peripheral frame member 78. It is comprised from a pair of intermediate frame members 80a and 80b arrange | positioned in the intermediate position.

However, as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C, the upper frame 62 is composed of only the inner frame member 76 and the outer frame member 78, and the inner frame member It is also possible to form grooves 76b and 78b in at least one of 76 and the outer peripheral side frame member 78, and to provide flame shield members 84a and 84b in these grooves.

For example, FIG. 10 (A) shows an example in which a groove 76b is formed on the inner peripheral side frame member 76, FIG. 10 (B) shows an example in which a groove 78b is formed on the outer peripheral side frame member 78, and FIG. 10 (C). These show the grooves 76 b and 78 b formed in both the inner peripheral frame member 76 and the outer peripheral frame member 78.

  By configuring in this way, a ventilation layer can be formed by forming a groove in at least one of the inner peripheral side frame member 76 and the outer peripheral side frame member 78, so that the structure is simple and the structural member The number of parts can be reduced, factory production is easy, and costs can be reduced.

  Furthermore, although not shown, the upper frame 62 is further divided into a plurality of (multiple) laminated inner peripheral frame members 76, outer peripheral frame members 78, and inner peripheral frame members 76 and outer periphery. Of course, a pair of intermediate frame members 80a and 80b arranged at an intermediate position between the side frame member 78 and the side frame member 78 is also possible.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the above embodiment, the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used for construction. Although the Example applied to the wall panel of the wooden frame wall construction method as the panel 28 was shown, it can also be used as a floor panel and a roof panel besides a wall panel.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the building wall body provided with the flame-shielding function of this invention was shown as the building panel 28, and the example applied to the wooden frame wall construction method was shown, of course, not as a panel but of course Various changes can be made without departing from the object of the present invention, such as a construction wall or the like, which can be applied as a wall for construction by applying a flame shielding measure as in the present invention. .

FIG. 1 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a building showing an embodiment in which a building wall body having a flame-shielding function according to the present invention is used as a building panel and applied to a wooden frame wall construction method. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view in the case where the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view when the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 4 is a schematic view in the case where the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged perspective view in the case where the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 6 is a schematic view when a building wall having a flame shielding function according to the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in the case where the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view when the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view in the case where the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view when the building wall body having the flame shielding function of the present invention is used as a building panel. FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a conventional flameproofing measure for buildings. FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a conventional flameproofing measure for a building. FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a conventional flameproofing measure for buildings. FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a conventional flameproofing measure for buildings. FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a conventional flameproofing measure for buildings.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Building 12 Foundation 14 Underfloor space 16 Underfloor ventilation opening 18 Underfloor opening-and-closing damper 20 Insulation material 22 Base 24 joist 24a Ventilation notch 24b Vent opening 26 Living room space 28 Building panel 30 joist (body difference, floor beam)
30a Ventilation hole 32 Living room space 34 Hut space 36 joist (beam, eaves)
36a Ventilation opening hole 38 Outer ventilation layer 40 In-wall ventilation passage 42 Outer heat insulating material 44 Outer wall material 46 Rafter 48 Hut back heat insulating material 50 Rafter 52 Roof material 54 Hut back outer ventilation layer 56 Open door 58 Hut back opening 60 Frame body 62 Upper frame body 64 Lower frame body 66 Vertical frame body 68 Structural surface material 70 Interior material 72 Ventilation space 74 Ventilation opening hole 76 Inner circumferential frame members 76a and 78a Ventilation opening holes 76b and 78b Groove portion 78 Outer circumferential frame member 80 Intermediate frame members 80a and 80b Intermediate frame member 82 Ventilation layers 84a and 84b Flame shielding member 90 Ceiling space 92 Floor joist (beam)
94 Ventilation opening hole 100 Wall body 102 Ventilation space 104 Flame stopper 106 Wall 108 Opening portion 200 In-wall space 202 Damper-type fireproof shielding plate 204 Venting hole 206 Expansion member 208 Fireproof shielding plate 300 Wall frame 302 Inner peripheral frame member 304 Outer peripheral side frame member 306 Reticulated body 308 Vent hole 310 Foam material 400 Wall frame 402 Flameproofing measure

Claims (14)

A substantially rectangular frame,
A face material stretched in the surface direction on the frame;
A ventilation space surrounded by the frame and the face material;
A ventilation opening formed in the frame and communicating with the ventilation space;
At least one side of the frame is
A plurality of laminated frame members;
A ventilation layer formed at an intermediate position of the frame body composed of the plurality of frame body members and constituting a part of the ventilation opening hole;
Wherein provided in the ventilation layer, by thermal expansion due to heat, Bei example and a Saegien member having a flame blocking function of closing the ventilation layer,
The plurality of frame members include an inner peripheral frame member, an outer peripheral frame member, and an intermediate frame member disposed between the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member. Prepared,
The intermediate frame member is composed of a pair of long intermediate frame members spaced apart by a fixed distance,
A building wall provided with a flame shielding function, wherein a ventilation layer is formed by a gap between the pair of intermediate frame members . The building wall body having a flame shielding function according to claim 1 , wherein the flame shielding member is provided on at least one of opposing surfaces of the pair of intermediate frame members. 3. The building having a flame shielding function according to claim 2 , wherein the flame shielding member is a sheet-like flame shielding member attached along at least one of the opposing surfaces of the pair of intermediate frame members. Wall body. A substantially rectangular frame,
A face material stretched in the surface direction on the frame;
A ventilation space surrounded by the frame and the face material;
A ventilation opening formed in the frame and communicating with the ventilation space;
At least one side of the frame is
A plurality of laminated frame members;
A ventilation layer formed at an intermediate position of the frame body composed of the plurality of frame body members and constituting a part of the ventilation opening hole;
A flame barrier member provided in the vent layer and having a flame barrier function for closing the vent layer by thermal expansion due to heat; and
The plurality of frame members include an inner peripheral frame member and an outer peripheral frame member,
While a groove is formed in at least one of the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member,
A ventilation layer is formed by the groove ,
The ventilation opening formed in the inner peripheral frame member of the plurality of frame members is formed so that the opening positions of the ventilation opening formed in the outer frame member coincide with each other . A wall for construction with a characteristic flame barrier. A substantially rectangular frame,
A face material stretched in the surface direction on the frame;
A ventilation space surrounded by the frame and the face material;
A ventilation opening formed in the frame and communicating with the ventilation space;
At least one side of the frame is
A plurality of laminated frame members;
A ventilation layer formed at an intermediate position of the frame body composed of the plurality of frame body members and constituting a part of the ventilation opening hole;
A flame barrier member provided in the vent layer and having a flame barrier function for closing the vent layer by thermal expansion due to heat; and
The plurality of frame members include an inner peripheral frame member and an outer peripheral frame member,
While a groove is formed in at least one of the inner peripheral frame member and the outer peripheral frame member,
A ventilation layer is formed by the groove ,
The ventilation opening formed in the inner circumferential frame member of the plurality of frame members and the opening position of the ventilation opening formed in the outer circumferential frame member are formed so as not to coincide with each other . A wall for construction with a characteristic flame barrier. The building wall body having a flame shielding function according to claim 4 , wherein the flame shielding member is provided on at least one of the opposing side walls of the groove portion. The building wall body having a flame shielding function according to claim 6 , wherein the flame shielding member is a sheet-like flame shielding member attached along at least one of the opposing side walls of the groove portion. The ventilation opening formed in the inner peripheral frame member of the plurality of frame members is formed so that the opening positions of the ventilation opening formed in the outer frame member coincide with each other. An architectural wall body having a flame shielding function according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . The ventilation opening formed in the inner circumferential frame member of the plurality of frame members and the opening position of the ventilation opening formed in the outer circumferential frame member are formed so as not to coincide with each other. An architectural wall body having a flame shielding function according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . 10. A wall structure with a flame shielding function, comprising a wall ventilation passage formed of a building wall body with a flame shielding function according to any one of claims 1 to 9 . A building provided with a flame barrier function, comprising a wall structure having a wall ventilation path constituted by the building wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9 . At least one of the attic space formed in the attic, the underfloor space formed under the floor, and the ceiling space formed in the ceiling,
A building having a flame shielding function, characterized in that the building is communicated with a wall ventilation passage of a wall structure constituted by a wall for construction having a flame shielding function according to any one of claims 1 to 9. object. An attic space with a ventilation section formed in the attic,
And an underfloor space with a ventilation section formed under the floor,
The said attic space and the underfloor space are configured to communicate with the in-wall ventilation path of the wall structure constituted by the building wall body having a flame shielding function according to any one of claims 1 to 9. A building with a flame shielding feature characterized by A building is constructed using the building wall body having the flame barrier function according to any one of claims 1 to 9 ,
A fire prevention method for a building, wherein a flame shielding member provided in the ventilation layer is thermally expanded by heat to block the ventilation layer and shield the flame.

Images