JP7300330B2 - Insulated structure - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to insulating structures for buildings.

BACKGROUND ART As a heat insulation structure of a building, an exterior heat insulation construction method is known in which heat insulation is arranged on the exterior side of the building skeleton. In recent years, attempts have been made to renovate buildings using this exterior insulation construction method.

As an example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an insulation structure that includes an existing exterior wall material, an existing ventilation layer provided on the indoor side of the existing exterior wall material, and a new heat insulating material provided on the outdoor side of the existing exterior wall material. . In addition, the heat insulating structure of Patent Document 1 includes ventilation holes formed in the existing outer wall material and allowing moisture in the existing ventilation layer to escape to the new ventilation layer, and blocking materials for closing the upper and lower openings of the existing ventilation layer. I have it.

JP 2014-218814 A

Water such as rainwater may enter the existing ventilation layer. In the case of the heat insulation structure of Patent Document 1, water that has entered the new ventilation layer may enter the existing ventilation layer through the ventilation holes. In this case, if the lower opening of the existing ventilation layer is blocked with the blocking material, the water will stay. For this reason, it may cause a problem. The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not devised from this point of view, and there is room for improvement.

One of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a technique that can suppress water retention in an existing ventilation layer when remodeling a building using the exterior heat insulation method.

A certain aspect of the present disclosure for solving the aforementioned problems is a heat insulating structure. The heat insulation structure of this aspect includes an existing exterior wall material, an existing ventilation layer provided on the indoor side of the existing exterior wall material, a new insulation material provided on the outdoor side of the existing exterior wall material, and the existing ventilation layer. A closing member for closing the lower opening and a drainage hole formed in the closing member are provided.

It is a side sectional view showing a part of building in which the heat insulation structure of an embodiment is used. It is an exploded perspective view showing typically a part of heat insulation structure of an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view around a lower opening in the existing ventilation layer of FIG. 1; It is a typical perspective view of the closure material of embodiment. 2 is an enlarged view around an upper opening in the existing ventilation layer of FIG. 1; FIG.

An example of an embodiment will be described below. The same reference numerals are given to the same components, and overlapping descriptions are omitted. In each drawing, for convenience of explanation, some components are omitted, enlarged, or reduced as appropriate. The drawings should be viewed according to the orientation of the symbols. The structures and shapes referred to herein include not only structures and shapes that strictly conform to the conditions referred to, but also structures and shapes that deviate due to errors such as dimensional and manufacturing errors. Unless otherwise specified, the terms "applied", "fixed", and "attached" in this specification can be used not only when the two parties directly satisfy the conditions mentioned, but also when they are satisfied via other members. include.

Please refer to FIG. The heat insulation structure 10 is a wall structure using an external heat insulation method, and is used for a building 12 such as a residence. The building 12 mainly includes a building skeleton 14 , an existing inner wall material 16 , and an eaves 18 in addition to the heat insulating structure 10 .

The building frame 14 includes a plurality of frame members 20,22. A plurality of frame members 20 and 22 serve as structural members that bear the load acting on the building. The plurality of frame members 20 and 22 include horizontal members 20 that are bridged horizontally and column members 22 that are bridged vertically. The horizontal members 20 include, for example, beams, girders, foundations, girths, lintels, window sills, and the like.

The existing inner wall material 16 is fixed to the building frame 14 using fixtures such as nails and screws. The existing inner wall member 16 is provided on the interior side of the existing outer wall member 32, which will be described later. The existing inner wall material 16 is, for example, a heat insulating material, an interior material, or the like.

The eaves 18 includes a ceiling base material 24 such as a ceiling joist, and a plate-like eaves ceiling member 26 fixed to the ceiling base material 24.例文帳に追加A space above the ceiling is formed as an indoor space 28 on the back side of the eaves 18 . The indoor space 28 communicates with an outdoor space 30 of the building through, for example, ventilation holes (not shown) formed in the eaves member 26 .

Please refer to FIGS. The heat insulating structure 10 mainly includes an existing exterior wall material 32 , an existing ventilation layer 34 , a new heat insulation material 36 , a new exterior wall material 38 , a new ventilation layer 40 and a blocking material 42 . In this specification, the depth direction when the existing exterior wall material 32 is viewed from the front is referred to as the indoor/outdoor direction X, and the horizontal direction when viewed from that viewpoint is referred to as the left-right direction Y.

The existing exterior wall material 32 is fixed in advance to the building frame 14 before renovation. The existing exterior wall material 32 is exposed to the outdoor space 30 of the building before renovation, and forms a design surface of the building. The existing exterior wall material 32 is, for example, a metal siding, a ceramic siding, a mortar wall, or the like.

The existing exterior wall material 32 is fixed to the building frame 14 via the first base material 44 . The first base material 44 is, for example, a long furring strip. The first base material 44 is fixed to the pillars 22 of the building frame 14 using fasteners such as nails and screws, and the existing exterior wall materials 32 are fixed to the first base material 44.

The existing ventilation layer 34 is provided on the indoor side with respect to the existing exterior wall material 32 . The existing ventilation layer 34 is formed between the existing outer wall material 32 and the existing inner wall material 16 . The first base material 44 functions as a ventilation furring that forms the existing ventilation layer 34 therebetween.

Before renovation, the existing ventilation layer 34 communicates with the outdoor space 30 of the building through the lower opening 34a. The existing ventilation layer 34 communicates with the indoor space 28 through the upper opening 34b before the renovation. The indoor space 28 communicates with the outdoor space 30 as described above.

Such an existing ventilation layer 34 is in a state of communicating with the outdoor space 30 through the upper and lower openings 34a and 34b before the renovation. As a result, a ventilation path is formed in the internal space of the existing ventilation layer 34 with the vertical direction being the ventilation direction. The existing ventilation layer 34 exhibits a ventilation function of releasing the moisture in the existing ventilation layer 34 to the outdoor space 30 through the ventilation path before the renovation.

The newly installed heat insulating material 36 is provided on the outdoor side with respect to the existing exterior wall material 32 . The newly installed heat insulating material 36 is newly attached to the building skeleton 14 in the renovation. The new insulation material 36 is used to realize exterior insulation. The newly installed heat insulating material 36 is configured using a material having heat insulating properties. This material is, for example, a foamed heat insulating material using urethane foam or the like, or a fiber heat insulating material using glass wool or the like. The new heat insulating material 36 of this embodiment is a panel body.

The newly installed heat insulating material 36 is supported by the building frame 14 via the receiving material 46 . The receiving member 46 is a long member extending in the horizontal direction Y and fixed to the building frame 14 using fasteners such as nails and screws. The building frame 14 refers to the base of the building frame 14 in this embodiment. The newly installed heat insulating material 36 is received by the receiving material 46 from below by being placed on the receiving material 46 .

The new exterior wall material 38 is provided on the outdoor side with respect to the newly installed heat insulating material 36 . The newly installed exterior wall material 38 is exposed to the outdoor space 30 of the building after the renovation, and forms the design surface of the building. The newly installed exterior wall material 38 is, for example, a metal siding, a ceramic siding, a mortar wall, or the like.

The newly installed exterior wall material 38 is newly fixed to the building skeleton 14 in the renovation. The newly installed exterior wall material 38 is fixed to the building frame 14 via the second base material 48 . The second base material 48 is, for example, a long furring strip and is provided on the outdoor side with respect to the newly installed heat insulating material 36 . The second base material 48 is fixed to the pillar material 22 of the building frame 14 using fasteners such as nails and screws, and the new exterior wall material 38 is fixed to the second base material using fasteners such as nails and screws. 48. The second base member 48 also functions as a pressing member that fixes the position of the new heat insulating material 36 in the indoor-outdoor direction X by pressing the new heat insulating material 36 against the new heat insulating material 36 from the outdoor side.

A new ventilation layer 40 is formed between the new heat insulating material 36 and the new exterior wall material 38 . The second backing material 48 functions as a ventilation furring forming the new ventilation layer 40 therebetween. The new ventilation layer 40 communicates with the outdoor space 30 through the upper and lower openings 40a and 40b. As a result, a ventilation path is formed in the internal space of the new ventilation layer 40 with the vertical direction being the ventilation direction. The new ventilation layer 40 exhibits a ventilating function of releasing the moisture in the new ventilation layer 40 to the outdoor space 30 through the ventilation path after the renovation.

Please refer to FIG. The closing member 42 closes the lower opening 34 a of the existing ventilation layer 34 . The closing member 42 of the present embodiment closes the lower opening 34a of the existing ventilation layer 34 by covering the lower opening 34a from below. As a result, the sealing function of suppressing the ventilation function of the existing ventilation layer 34 can be exerted, and the deterioration of the heat insulating performance due to the exertion of the ventilation function can be avoided.

Please refer to FIGS. The closing material 42 is newly fixed to the building skeleton 14 in the renovation. The closing member 42 of this embodiment is fixed to the building frame 14 via a receiving member 46 . The closure member 42 is secured to the receiving member 46 using a securing structure 50 such as nails, screws, adhesives, double-sided tape, or the like.

The closing member 42 of the present embodiment is arranged below the lower surface portion 46a of the receiving member 46, and is fixed while being in contact with the lower surface portion 46a. The closing member 42 covers at least a portion of the lower surface portion 46a of the receiving member 46 from below. The closing member 42 of the present embodiment is arranged below the lower end portion 44 a of the first base member 44 . The lower surface portion 46a of the receiving member 46 is exposed to the outdoor space 30 on the outdoor side of the existing ventilation layer 34 before the renovation. The receiving material 46 is exposed to the outdoor space 30 outside the foundation 52 of the building 12 supporting the building skeleton 14 before the renovation. It can be said that the receiving material 46 that satisfies this condition is located at a position that is easier to reach than the internal space of the existing ventilation layer 34 when the outdoor space 30 on the outdoor side of the existing exterior wall material 32 is used as a work space.

The closing member 42 has a shape in which the fixed position in the indoor/outdoor direction X with respect to the receiving member 46 can be adjusted. This means that there is no portion for determining the fixing position in the indoor/outdoor direction X with respect to the receiving member 46 when the closing member 42 is caught on the receiving member 46 . This condition is satisfied when the fixing to the receiving member 46 is released, that is, in the state before the closing member 42 is fixed to the receiving member 46 . In order to satisfy this condition, the closing member 42 of this embodiment is formed of a flat plate material. The closing member 42 slides with respect to the lower surface portion 46a of the receiving member 46, and the fixing position in the indoor/outdoor direction X relative to the receiving member 46 can be adjusted.

A drain hole 54 is formed in the plugging member 42 . The drain hole 54 is formed to drain water remaining in the lower end portion 34c of the existing ventilation layer 34 to the outside. The lower end portion 34c of the existing ventilation layer 34 is formed between the lower end portion of the existing exterior wall material 32 and the building frame 14 in this embodiment. The building frame 14 is, in detail, the framework material 20 that constitutes the base placed on the foundation 52 .

The arrangement interval L and the cross-sectional area of the drainage holes 54 are set within a predetermined range of sizes that are assumed not to interfere with the aforementioned sealing function. The arrangement interval L here means the interval between the center positions of the drain holes 54 adjacent in the left-right direction Y. As shown in FIG. The cross-sectional area here refers to the cross-sectional area [mm ² ] of a cross section perpendicular to the center line of the drain hole 54 .

This arrangement interval L is preferably, for example, 150 mm to 900 mm. The lower limit value of the arrangement interval L is set from the viewpoint of avoiding the above-described impediment to the sealing function. The upper limit of the arrangement interval L is set from the viewpoint of effectively discharging the water that has accumulated in the existing ventilation layer 34 .

This cross-sectional area is preferably between 20 mm ² and 80 mm ² , for example. The lower limit of this cross-sectional area is set from the viewpoint of effectively discharging water that has accumulated in the existing ventilation layer 34 . The upper limit value of the cross-sectional area is set from the viewpoint of avoiding the above-described obstruction of the sealing function.

The insulation structure 10 includes a seal 56 disposed between the building skeleton 14 and the closure 42 . The sealing material 56 is an elastic body and seals between the building frame 14 and the closing material 42 . The closing member 42 is brought into contact with the building frame 14 via the sealing member 56 over the entire length of the closing member 42 in the left-right direction Y. As shown in FIG.

The heat insulating structure 10 includes a first drain 58 that guides water discharged from the drain holes 54 . The first drain 58 is fixed to the building skeleton 14 before renovation. The water discharged through the drain hole 54 of the closing member 42 is guided to the outdoor side with respect to the foundation 52 by the first drain 58 . This prevents the foundation 52 from getting wet with the water discharged from the closing member 42 .

The heat insulating structure 10 includes a second drain 60 that guides water discharged from the lower opening 40 a of the new ventilation layer 40 . The second drain 60 is newly fixed to the building skeleton 14 in the renovation. The second drainer 60 of the present embodiment is fixed to the receiving material 46 and fixed to the building skeleton 14 via the receiving material 46 . The water discharged from the new ventilation layer 40 is guided to the outdoor side by the second drainer 60 .

Please refer to FIG. The first base material 44 of this embodiment is arranged between the pillar material 22 of the building frame 14 and the eaves 18, and the existing ventilation layer 34 penetrating vertically is formed therebetween. An upper opening 34 b of the existing ventilation layer 34 opens toward the indoor space 28 . As a result, the internal space of the existing ventilation layer 34 and the indoor space 28 communicate with each other.

A procedure for constructing the above heat insulating structure 10 will be described. As a premise, the building 12 including the existing ventilation layer 34 and the existing exterior wall material 32 is subjected to renovation work. First, a first step of fixing the receiving member 46 to the building skeleton 14 is performed. Next, a second step of placing the new heat insulating material 36 on the receiving material 46 and receiving the new heat insulating material 36 with the receiving material 46 is performed. The newly installed heat insulating material 36 is temporarily fixed to either the building frame 14 or the receiving material 46 using nails or the like. Next, a third step of placing the second base material 48 on the outdoor side of the newly installed heat insulating material 36 and fixing the second base material 48 to the building skeleton 14 is performed. As a result, the position of the newly installed heat insulating material 36 in the indoor/outdoor direction X is fixed by the second base material 48 . Next, a fourth step of fixing the new external wall material 38 to the second base material 48 is performed. Simultaneously with any one of these first to fourth steps, and either before or after these steps, a fixing step of fixing the closing member 42 to the receiving member 46 is performed.

The effects of the heat insulating structure 10 described above will be described. A drain hole 54 is formed in the plugging member 42 . Therefore, even if water enters the existing ventilation layer 34, the water remaining in the lower end portion 34c of the existing ventilation layer 34 can be discharged to the outside through the drainage holes 54. FIG. As a result, it is possible to suppress the ventilation function of the existing ventilation layer 34 by the plugging material 42 and prevent the occurrence of problems caused by the retention of water in the existing ventilation layer 34 . The problem here is, for example, the generation of mold due to the retention of water. In this embodiment, water such as rainwater may enter the existing ventilation layer 34 through, for example, the ventilation holes of the eaves member 26, the indoor space 28 (ceiling space), and the upper opening 34b of the existing ventilation layer 34. be.

An upper opening 34 b of the existing ventilation layer 34 opens toward the indoor space 28 . Therefore, the work of closing the upper opening 34b in order to suppress the ventilation function of the existing ventilation layer 34 becomes unnecessary. Along with this, it is possible to simplify the renovation work.

The existing wall material 32 does not have a ventilation hole for communicating the existing ventilation layer 34 and the new ventilation layer 40 . The ventilation hole is a hole penetrating the new exterior wall material 38 in the indoor/outdoor direction X. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the drilling work for the existing exterior wall material 32 becomes unnecessary, and the reform work can be simplified.

The closing member 42 can adjust the fixed position in the indoor/outdoor direction X with respect to the receiving member 46 . Therefore, by adjusting the fixing position with respect to the receiving member 46 during construction, the space between the building skeleton 14 and the closing member 42 can be adjusted to be as narrow as possible. Along with this, regardless of the relative positions of the building frame 14 and the receiving member 46, the common closing member 42 can be used to narrow the gap between the building frame 14 and the closing member 42 as much as possible. As a result, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of closing members 42 according to the relative positions of the building frame 14 and the receiving members 46 in order to narrow the space between the building frame 14 and the closing members 42 . As a result, management costs can be reduced.

When the building frame 14 is largely uneven at the location where the closing member 42 abuts against the building frame 14 , a large gap is likely to occur between the building frame 14 and the closing member 42 . Even in such a case, by arranging the sealing material 56 between them, the gap can be closed by the sealing material 56 .

If the sealing material 56 were not provided, high accuracy would be required for the fixed position of the closing material 42 to the receiving material 46 in order to narrow the gap between the building frame 14 and the closing material 42 . In this respect, according to the present embodiment, even if the fixing position of the closing member 42 with respect to the receiving member 46 changes in the indoor/outdoor direction X, the sealing member 56 closes the gap between the building frame 14 and the closing member 42. status can be maintained. In this way, the amount of elastic deformation of the sealing member 56 changes in the process in which the fixed position of the closing member 42 changes in the indoor and outdoor directions. For this reason, the accuracy required for closing the gap between the building frame 14 and the closing member 42 can be relaxed with respect to the fixed position of the covering member 42 with respect to the receiving member 46 . As a result, the work of fixing the closing member 42 to the receiving member 46 can be facilitated.

The closure member 42 is secured to the receiving member 46 . Therefore, when closing the lower opening 34 a of the existing ventilation layer 34 , it is not necessary to arrange the closing member 42 in a deep place such as the inside of the existing ventilation layer 34 . Instead, a receiving member 46 that is more easily accessible than such a recessed portion can be installed as a fixing counterpart. Accordingly, the closing member 42 can be easily and firmly fixed.

In addition, when fixing the closing material 42 to the building skeleton 14, the receiving material 46 for receiving the newly installed heat insulating material 36 is shared. For this reason, a dedicated receiving member is not required for the closing member 42, and the number of parts can be reduced.

Another modified example of each component will be described.

Ventilation holes may be formed in the existing exterior wall material 32 .

The upper opening 34b of the existing ventilation layer 34 may be closed.

The indoor space 28 that communicates with the upper opening 34b of the existing ventilation layer 34 may be any space formed inside the building 12, and is not limited to the space above the ceiling.

The arrangement position of the closing member 42 is not particularly limited. The closing member 42 may be arranged inside the lower opening 34a of the existing ventilation layer 34, for example.

The shape of the closing member 42 is not particularly limited. For example, the closing member 42 may be an angle member that can determine a fixed position relative to the receiving member 46 in the indoor-outdoor direction by being hooked on the receiving member 46 . It can also be said that the closing member 42 may have a shape in which the fixed position in the indoor/outdoor direction X with respect to the receiving member 46 cannot be adjusted.

The specific shape of the closing member 42 is not particularly limited as long as the fixing position in the indoor/outdoor direction X with respect to the receiving member 46 can be adjusted. For example, the closing member 42 may be an angle member that includes a first plate-shaped portion that contacts the receiving member 46 from below and a second plate-shaped portion that protrudes downward from the outdoor-side end of the first plate-shaped portion.

The fixing partner of the closing member 42 is not particularly limited. For example, the closing member 42 may be directly fixed to the building frame 14 or may be fixed to a part other than the lower surface portion 46 a of the receiving member 46 .

The first base material 44 may be provided along the vertical direction, or may be provided along the horizontal direction Y. As shown in FIG. The same applies to the second base material 48 .

The heat insulating structure 10 does not have to include the sealing material 56 .

The embodiments and modifications have been described above. In understanding the technical ideas that abstract the embodiments and modifications, the technical ideas should not be construed as being limited to the content of the embodiments and modifications. The above-described embodiments and modifications are merely specific examples, and many design changes such as changes, additions, and deletions of components are possible. In the embodiment, the description of "embodiment" is added to emphasize the content that allows such design changes. However, design changes are permitted even if there is no such notation. The hatching attached to the cross section of the drawing does not limit the material of the hatched object.

Any combination of the above constituent elements is also effective as an aspect of the technical idea that abstracts the embodiments and modifications. For example, any description of the embodiments and other variations may be combined with the variations.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Thermal insulation structure, 12... Building, 14... Building frame, 28... Indoor space, 32... Existing exterior wall material, 34... Existing ventilation layer, 34a... Lower opening, 34b... Upper opening, 36... New heat insulating material, 40... New ventilation layer, 42... Closing material, 46... Receiving material, 54... Drainage hole, 56... Sealing material.

Claims (5)

an existing exterior wall material; an existing ventilation layer provided on the indoor side of the existing exterior wall material;
A new heat insulating material provided on the outdoor side with respect to the existing exterior wall material;
a closing member that closes the lower opening of the existing ventilation layer;
a drainage hole formed in the plugging material ;
a receiving material fixed to the building frame and to which the closing material is fixed;
In the heat insulating structure, the closing member has a shape that allows adjustment of a fixed position in the indoor/outdoor direction with respect to the receiving member. 2. The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper opening of said existing ventilation layer opens toward the indoor space. A new exterior wall material provided on the outdoor side with respect to the new heat insulating material;
A new ventilation layer formed between the new heat insulating material and the new outer wall material,
3. The heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the existing outer wall material is not formed with a ventilation hole communicating between the existing ventilation layer and the new ventilation layer. The heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a sealing material arranged between the building skeleton and the closing material. The heat insulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the closing member is fixed to the receiving member.

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