JPH04128449A - Fire spreading preventive device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent fire spreading by spacedly arranging grooves in the vertical direction on the internal surface of a fire protection body, applying fire preventive foamed paint on these grooves, fixing the fire protection body to the external surface of a girt to form a vent hole between the girt and the grooves of the fire protection body. CONSTITUTION:An elongated plate-like fire protection body 12 made of cement, hydrate sodium silicate, etc., is formed, and grooves 37 are spacedly arranged in the vertical direction on the internal surface of this fire protection body 12. In addition, foamed fire protection material made of mainly synthetic resin material and fire protective foamed paint 38 are applied to this grooves 7. In the next step, the fire protection body 12 is fixed to the external surface of a girt 4 with the grooves 37 faced inside, and a vent hole 39 is made by the external surfaces of the grooves 37 and girt 4 in the vertical direction. This constitution can prevent fire spreading nearly completely.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a fire spread control device for wooden buildings, and in particular, after a fire breaks out in a specific room of a building, public agencies can carry out fire extinguishing operations upon notification of the fire. This relates to a device that confines the flame within the ignition chamber for a time interval that can normally be accommodated after the ignition starts, thereby suppressing and preventing the spread of the fire to adjacent rooms and upper floors as much as possible.

Traditionally, buildings have been made of fire-retardant materials or materials that have been treated with fire-retardant treatment for the exterior walls, interior walls, partition walls, ceilings, etc., regardless of the construction method used. has been done. In such a wooden building, air flows into the attic through the gap between the partition wall and ceiling board that forms the room, and air flows from the attic to the upper floor through the gap between the flooring on the second floor and the wall on the upper floor. Especially in large-walled buildings, air flows from under the floor to the space on the outer walls of the upper and lower floors, from this space to the attic, and from the attic to the horizontal members such as girders and floor joists on the upper floor. Air reaches the outer wall of the upper floor through the gap, and from this air flows into the attic and attic. Furthermore, the outer wall materials of the horizontal members are attached at predetermined intervals by nailing the room edges to the girders, and various types of outer wall materials called zaiding are used for this. In this case, the outer part of the horizontal member is configured to have extremely good air circulation between the outer wall space on the upper floor and the outer wall space on the upper floor. This is to ensure that the structural parts of the building are properly dried to prevent decay and make the building more durable.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above-mentioned wooden construction, once a fire breaks out in any room or room of the building, the airflow passage becomes a flame duct, and the fire occurs in the room where the fire occurred. Without being able to contain the flames, the fire spread to neighboring rooms and upper floors, and the entire building was destroyed.

Place wood or plywood in the gap between the partition wall and the ceiling, between the flooring on the upper floor, and between the partition wall on the floor and the flooring on the upper floor to prevent air circulation. Although this does not particularly impede the durability of the building structure, blocking the air circulation on the outside of the trunk will impair the temperature regulation function of the building and cause a major hindrance to the durability of the building. Become.

In the present invention, in normal cases without fire, the air permeability of the outside material of the outer wall outside the hull is extremely good, but once a fire occurs and the gas flowing through the outside of the hull rises to a certain temperature, it is heated The object of the present invention is to provide a device in which the portion is closed, air circulation is prevented, flame rise is eliminated, and the spread of fire is suppressed for a desired period of time.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the fire spread suppression device of the present invention, when finishing the outer wall of a building, the fire protection body is removed along the central part of the outer surface of the building. This fire protection body is suitable for construction by forming it into an elongated plate shape. Grooves are bored at intervals in the vertical direction on the inner surface of the fireproof body. A fire-resistant foam paint is applied to these grooves. This paint has the property of foaming due to flames, smoke, or the high-temperature scum generated by these, and then solidifying to seal gaps. By nailing or threading the fireproof body along the outer surface of the barrel with the longitudinal groove facing the inner surface, the groove is formed like a vent between the barrel and the fireproof body. A room rim is fixed with a gap between the 11m part of the fixed fire protection body and the lower body difference part, and an exterior wall finishing material is attached to the fire protection body in close contact with the fire protection body through the room temperature rim.

The above-mentioned fireproof body may be a molded product based on cement or calcium silicate, or a molded product made of wood.Furthermore, the fireproof body may have a plurality of longitudinal grooves coated with a fire-resistant foam paint, One or more transverse grooves may be formed in the axial direction of the body, and a foamed paint may be applied to the grooves or a foamed fireproofing material may be fixed thereto.

Also, in addition to the torso difference, the parts used are the attic fire +j?
To prevent this, it is also attached to horizontal members such as girders.

(Function) Each of the partition walls that make up the building will be treated with fireproof and heat-resistant treatment, and the ceiling panels will be fitted with gypsum boats, which are already in use, to prevent combustion by flames in the ignition chamber as much as possible. Then, fill gaps between partition walls and ceiling panels with adhesive fireproof seals, or seal them with decorative corner cover boards to trap flames while reducing the supply of oxygen into the room. Stop the spread of flames. Furthermore-
Seal the gap between the floor material and the partition wall using the sealing material or decorative cover board. -1- It is also preferable to install a heat insulating material that also serves as soundproofing on the lower surface of the floor.

In order to prevent gas from flowing from the attic to the space on the outer wall of the upper floor due to the gap between the trunk and the upper floor flooring, a corner plate having the same height as the beam material is installed. If the attic is sealed by providing a decorative cover board or a corner board in this way, flames will not pass through, but there will be a very small amount of ventilation, so it will not impair daily dryness.

In order to prevent the building's exterior walls from rapidly decomposing, not only the exterior wall finishing materials but also the structural materials such as pillars, girders, and girders, due to changes in the outside world's wind, rain, and climate, the building is constructed from under the floor to the attic. It is important to ensure sufficient ventilation for drying. However, this ventilation becomes the biggest weakness once a fire breaks out, causing smoke to spread to the upper floors. If a fireproof body is installed on the outside of the trunk, air will circulate upward through the ventilation holes when there is no fire, allowing proper drying from under the floor to the attic.

If a fire occurs indoors and smoke, high temperature gas, or flames burn on the exterior wall and reach the ventilation holes of the fire protection body, the foamed paint will explode at 60 degrees.
It melts and expands at about 80°C to 160°C.
When heated to ~180'C, it foams and rapidly expands, filling the vent and closing it, blocking the rise of flames and the like. If this state continues for 30 to 40 minutes, the foam becomes a hard insulating foam with fine grains that are difficult to break. It has strong fireproofing and heatproofing properties. This is intended to prevent the spread of the fire for a considerable period of time, and to extinguish the fire by extinguishing only the ignition room, which has been placed in an isolated state while waiting for the official fire department to arrive.

(Example) Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a typical large-walled building constructed using the wooden frame construction method. In the original drawing, a beam 5 is connected to the columns 2 and 3, which are the main structural members of the outer wall 1, and the girder 4, and a column 7 forming a partition wall 6 is provided at the other end of the beam 5. A girder 9 is provided on a beam 8 extending further from the pillar 7.

The outer wall 1 and the partition wall 6 form lower floor rooms 10 and 11. On the outer surface of the outer wall 1 is a fire protection body 1 which will be described in detail later.
2 is removed, and a room temperature edge 13 having the same thickness as the fire protection body 12 is nailed to the upper 1ζ part of the fire protection body 12 with a gap between the bodies, and a An outer wall finishing material 14 called Seideng is provided. Attach the inner wall finish +J'15 via the inner post 2.3 of the outer wall. A heat insulating material 16 is normally provided inside the wall covering material 15.

A plurality of joists 17 are provided on the beam 5, and a floor 21 consisting of a base plywood 18, a gypsum board 19, and a floor finish plywood 20 is stretched over the joists 17-1-. Insulating material 22 on the underside of the floor 21
A fire prevention ceiling board 23 made of gypsum board may be provided on the lower surface of the joist. And the floor 21 and the ceiling board 23
An end joist 24 that prevents gas from flowing into the floor wall space is fixedly installed between the floor and floor space through a trunk gap. A lower ceiling plate 29 is provided on the ceiling plate 23 via a roof edge 26, a hanging tree 27, and a lower roof edge 28. By making this double ceiling, room 1
This is to prevent the spread of the flame that ignited inside 0 to the -L floor as much as possible.

Furthermore, in order to prevent flames, smoke, gas, etc. between the rooms 10° and 11 divided by the partition wall 6 from reaching the upper floors, gaps 30 and 31 between the partition wall 6 and the ceiling plate 23 and floor 21 on the first side are Seal with fire-resistant adhesive 32. Instead of this fire-resistant adhesive 32, a plate-shaped decorative cover 3 is installed in the gap between the partition wall 6 and the floor 21.
3 may be attached and sealed. In this way, the rooms 10.11 on the lower floor are hermetically isolated to prevent the spread of fire to each other as much as possible, and also to prevent the spread of fire to the rooms 35.36 for the 11th night as much as possible.

Fig. 2 (・), Fig. 2 (b$-Kanichi) A plan view and an inside view of a fire protection body according to the first embodiment. , by molding and solidifying glass fiber fibers or by heat-resistant treating wood.This fire protection body 12 is made by arranging elongated plate-like materials in the horizontal direction,
Vertical grooves 37 are bored at intervals. This vertical groove 37 is coated with a foamed fireproofing material or fireproof foamed paint 38 whose main component is a synthetic resin material.

The fire protection body 12 has the groove 37 facing inward (toward the barrel difference side),
Nail or secure with screws. As a result, a vertical ventilation hole 39 is formed between the vertical groove 37 and the outer surface of the barrel difference 4. This vent hole 39 always ventilates the air in the walls of the lower floor into the walls of the upper floor when there is no fire, thereby properly drying the wooden building. When a fire occurs in the room 10 and the inner wall material of the outer wall 1 is scorched, and smoke, high-temperature gas, and flames rise from inside the wall, the foamed paint 38 absorbs heat through thermal expansion due to the heating and absorbs heat. cut off. It then transforms into a foam that prevents heat transfer and the spread of fire.
It then hardens into a foam that is hard to break and prevents the spread of fire as much as possible.

The fire protection body 12a of the second embodiment shown in 3 [k (a) (b) (C) is the same as the fire protection body 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
Two lateral grooves 40 slightly deeper than the depth of the vertical grooves are bored in 2, and a fire-retardant foam paint 38 is applied only to the lateral grooves 40. With this configuration, the paint 38 normally acts as a drying vent 39, and when heated by a fire, the paint 38 foams and blocks the upward flow of heated gas such as flames, allowing the fire on the lower floor to - Prevent the spread of fire for a considerable period of time.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the effects described below.

The walls of each room in the building are made of heat-resistant materials, the ceiling panels are made of heat-resistant materials, and the gaps between the walls, ceiling panels, and upper floors are sealed with adhesive or covered with decorative cover boards. Since each room is thermally isolated by sealing each room, even if a fire occurs, it is difficult to burn due to lack of oxygen, and the spread of fire to adjacent rooms and upper floors can be prevented and suppressed as much as possible. .

Furthermore, by installing end joists and sealing the gaps that flow from the outer wall of the lower floor through the attic and between the trunk and flooring to the outer wall of the upper floor, the rise of heated gas and flames can be prevented by 1 (H This can prevent the spread of fire.

In addition, ventilation holes are formed by fixing a long and narrow fireproof body with many vertical grooves on the inside surface along the body gap.This allows sufficient air to circulate in the absence of a fire, allowing it to be used not only on the outside wall but also on the building. Once the entire area is dry, if a fire breaks out and high-temperature gas or flames enter the exterior wall, the fire-retardant foam paint applied to the vertical grooves of the fire protection body's ventilation holes will heat up and melt and expand, foaming and passing through. It fills the pores and absorbs heat from flames, high-temperature gases, etc. while blocking upward passage through the vents. Furthermore, the foamed material becomes a hard and unbreakable insulating foam that provides strong fire protection and
It has a heat-insulating effect, suppressing the spread of a fire on the lower floor to the upper floor for a considerable period of time.

On the other hand, if a fire breaks out in a specific room on the lower floor, an automatic alarm will be issued, but the official fire extinguishing organization will be able to reach the fire scene in a short time by telephone, which will be enough to extinguish the fire locally in the building. The foamed paint acts in this way, which is a beneficial effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the wooden building, Figure 2 (a) is a partial enlarged plan view of the fire protection body, and Figure 2 (b) is Figure 2 (a).
The side views of Figures 3(a) to 3(C) show other embodiments of the fireproof body, in which horizontal grooves were provided in the fireproof body of Figure 2, and fireproof foam paint was applied to the horizontal grooves. FIG. 3(a) is a side view, FIG. 3(b) is a plan view, and FIG. 3(C) is a partially enlarged view.
) is a right side view. ■... Exterior wall, 2, 3... Pillar, 4... Torso difference, 5...
・Beam, 6...Partition wall, 10.11.35.36...
・Room, 12... Fire protection body, 13... Room temperature edge, 14...
・Exterior wall body” second wood, 21...Upper floor floor, 23, 29・
... Ceiling board, 24 ... End joist, 33 ... Decorative cover 37 ... Vertical groove, 38 ... Fire-retardant foam paint, 39 ... Ventilation hole. ]

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fireproof body fixedly installed along the outer surface of a girder that constitutes the outer wall of a wooden building, the fireproof body being formed into an elongated plate shape,
A plurality of vertical grooves are bored at intervals on one side of the plate-shaped fire protection body, a fire-retardant foam paint is applied to the vertical grooves, and the surface on which the vertical grooves are bored faces the outer surface of the horizontal member. A fire spread suppression device characterized in that a ventilation hole is formed by the vertical groove and the surface of the horizontal member by being fixed. 2. A fire spread suppression device, characterized in that the fireproof body provided with the plurality of vertical grooves is further provided with one or more horizontal grooves, and a fire-retardant foam paint is applied only to the horizontal grooves.