JPH0748887A - Wall structure for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the wall structure of a building having high airtight property and heat insulation property and having an heat insulation layer capable of being formed in response to the thickness of a wall. CONSTITUTION:A liquid-tight heat insulation layer forming space 9 is formed in a skeleton 2 constituting a building. The heat insulation layer forming space 9 is constituted of an expandable sheet 5 stretched on the inside face of the skeleton 2, a plurality of sheathing roof boards 6, 6... arranged on the sheet 5 at a gap between them and fixed to the skeleton 2, and a plurality of boards 8, 8... fixed to the outside face of the skeleton 2. A foaming heat insulation agent is filled and foamed into the heat insulation layer forming space 9 via a filling hole formed on the sheet 5 provided in a gap between the sheathing roof boards 6, 6 to form heat insulation layer 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building in which a heat insulating layer is formed inside a wall constituting a building such as a house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the quality of the housing environment has been required, and the heat insulation standard has been revised in 1992 in order to save energy. Became. For this reason, a structure in which the inner and outer wall spaces in the body are filled with a heat insulating material such as matte glass wool having a thickness of about 100 to 200 mm, and a structure in which a polystyrene foam plate having a thickness of 50 mm is arranged on the side of the body wall without a gap , A structure using a panel in which the body is integrally formed in polystyrene foam, a structure in which a base material is fixed on one side of the body and a urethane foam layer of 10 to 50 mm is formed on the back side by in-situ spraying, etc. are provided. There is.

[0003]

However, this kind of wall structure or construction method has the following drawbacks. First,
In the above wall structure, it is impossible to uniformly fill the space formed between the body and the inner and outer walls with the glass wool in a mat shape without any gap. Moreover, glass wool has the drawback that it absorbs dew condensation water over a long period of time to form a damp cloth and corrodes the skeleton and the like. In addition, there is a problem in handling that glass wool is tingling when it comes into contact with the skin during the construction, and the construction efficiency is extremely poor and there is a weak point such as lack of airtightness.

Next, in the above wall structure, not only the thickness of the skeleton is increased, but also plastic sheets need to be interposed on both sides in order to enhance airtightness, which is a drawback that the number of steps is enormous. In addition, the airtightness and heat insulation of the window, base, eaves, etc. are completely low.

Further, in the wall structure, although the heat insulation and airtightness of the panel itself are extremely high, there is a drawback that the heat insulation and airtightness of the entire wall are significantly inferior because there are many gaps at the joints between the panels. . This is because a building usually has a distortion of 5 to 10 mm. Therefore, in order to integrate the skeleton and the polyurethane foam, it is necessary to remove moisture from the main columns, studs, etc. incorporated in the panel to form a desiccant, and to significantly suppress distortion, but the drying process requires time and cost. There is a drawback.

In the wall structure, a heat insulating layer having a uniform thickness cannot be formed, and the working atmosphere is filled with mist, which is extremely bad in terms of safety and hygiene, and the material is wasted. Of course, it is necessary to attach the interior base material after spraying.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and is excellent in airtightness and heat insulation.
An object of the present invention is to provide a building wall structure provided with a heat insulating layer that can be formed according to the wall thickness.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The means of the present invention configured to solve the above-mentioned problems is a stretchable structure that is spread on one side of a body formed by combining a plurality of pillars to form a building. A sheet having a sheet, a plurality of field plates arranged on the outer surface side of the sheet with a gap between each other and fixed to the body, and a planar wall fixed to the other side of the body facing the sheet. A space for forming a heat-insulating layer that is liquid-tight is defined in the body from the material, and the space for forming a heat-insulating layer is filled with a foaming heat-insulating agent and foamed to form the heat-insulating layer.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the one side wall material is attached to one side of the body formed by combining a plurality of pillar materials to form a building, and the one side wall material faces the one side wall material. A plurality of side wall members attached to the other side of the body to define a heat insulating layer forming space in the body, and the other side wall member has a plurality of openings facing the heat insulating layer forming space. And a stretchable transparent sheet that seals the opening is installed between the other side wall material and the body, and the transparent sheet that faces all or part of the plurality of openings. The heat insulating layer is formed in the heat insulating layer forming space by filling and foaming the foamable heat insulating agent through the formed injection hole.

[0010]

In the first aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating layer is densely formed in the heat insulating layer forming space by expanding the sheet from the gap between the base plates to release the foaming pressure of the foamable heat insulating agent. And exhibits excellent airtightness and heat insulation.

In the second aspect of the invention, the foaming heat insulating agent is filled and foamed while visually observing the inside of the heat insulating layer forming space from the opening of the planar wall material, and the transparent sheet is opened from the opening. Due to the expansion, the heat insulating layer is densely formed in the heat insulating layer forming space, and exhibits excellent airtightness and heat insulating properties.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A wall structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a base of a building such as a house, 2 is a skeleton constituting the building, and the skeleton 2 is composed of a main pillar 3, a stud 4, and a girder (not shown) by a wooden frame construction method.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a sheet attached to the inner side surfaces of the main body 3 and the studs 4 so as to be spread on the inner side surface of the skeleton 2. The sheet 5 has elasticity, liquid tightness, and moisture resistance,
Further, a material capable of improving the fluidity of the foaming heat insulating agent described later and allowing uniform foaming, for example, a polyethylene sheet, a polyurethane sheet, a polyester sheet, a vinyl chloride sheet, a non-woven fabric sheet, a composite fiber resin sheet, a fluorine resin sheet, glass. Fiber sheet, paper sheet, aluminum sheet 1
It is preferable to use a seed or a laminate of one or more of these.

.. indicate a plurality of field boards fixed to the body 2 and located on the outer surface side of the seat 5, and the field boards 6, 6, ... Are the heights of the body 2. By arranging them in the depth direction at a predetermined interval, gaps 7, 7, ... With a predetermined width t are formed between the adjacent base plates 6, 6.

On the other hand, reference numeral 8 denotes a board as a sheet-like wall material stretched on the outside of the skeleton 2 by being fixed to the other side surface of the main pillar 3 and the stud 4. The board 8 has a strength against the foaming pressure of the foaming heat insulating agent, and is a material that should be provided as a wall material and has ease of installation, heat insulation, moisture resistance, humidity control, and sound insulation, such as a siding insulation board,
Wood wool cement board, wood chip cement board, insulation board, cork board, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, perlite board may be used.

Thus, in the skeleton body 2 of this embodiment, a liquid-tight heat-insulating layer forming space 9 is defined by the inner sheet 5 whose outer surface is covered with the base plates 6, 6 and the outer board 8. ,
The filling holes 10, 10, ... Which communicate with the heat insulating layer forming space 9 are formed in the sheet 5 at the gaps 7, 7 ,.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a heat insulating layer formed in the heat insulating layer forming space 9. The heat insulating layer 11 has filling holes 10, 10, ...
The heat insulating layer forming space 9 is filled with a foaming heat insulating agent through the nozzle A and foamed, and the heat insulating layer is formed in a state where the sheet 5 is expanded from each gap 7 to the outside by the thickness of the base plate 6. It is formed uniformly and densely in the forming space 9.

Here, as the foamable heat insulating agent 12 forming the heat insulating layer 11, in-situ foamed polyurethane foam, polyisocyanerate foam, phenol foam, polyurea foam urea foam and their modified types or some of them are difficult. A foam or the like to which a combustion agent (aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, etc.) is added is used.

The wall structure of this embodiment has the above-mentioned structure. Next, the construction method will be described. First, the skeleton 2 is erected on the base 1. The skeleton body 2 is assembled by a publicly known main frame construction method, and therefore its details are omitted.

Next, the sheet 5 is spread on one side surface of the main pillar 3 and the main pillar 3 or the studs 4 through a fixing means such as a nail or an adhesive. Further, a plurality of field boards 6, 6, ... Are fixed on the sheet 5 with nails at a predetermined width t in the height direction with nails, and the field boards 6, 6 ,.・ Gaps 7, 7, ... Are formed between them. The filling holes 1 for inserting the filling nozzles A into the sheet 5 at appropriate gaps 7, 7, ... After the base plates 6, 6 ,.
0, 10, ... Are drilled.

On the other hand, a plurality of boards 8, 8, ... Are arrayed on the other side face across the space between the main pillar 3 and the main pillar 3 or the stud 4, and are nailed. Thereby, the upper and lower sides are surrounded by the girder and the base 1, the left and right sides are surrounded by the main pillar 3 and the main pillar 3 or the stud 4, and the both side surfaces are surrounded by the sheet 5 and the board 8 to form the liquid-tight heat-insulating layer forming space 9. Form.

Next, the above-mentioned filling holes 10, 10, ...
Among them, first, the foaming heat insulating agent is filled from the lower filling hole 10 through the filling nozzle A, primary foaming is performed to form a heat insulating layer portion to some extent in the forming space 9, and then the foaming heat insulating agent is again added. The insulating layer is formed by filling and foaming so that there is no gap. In this way, the heat insulating layer portion is sequentially formed from the lower side to the upper side, and the heat insulating layer 11 is formed in the forming space 9 without any gap.

In the process of forming the heat insulating layer 11 described above,
The secondary foaming pressure of the foaming heat insulating agent is absorbed as the sheet 5 expands from each gap 7 to the outside.
Deformation due to bulging of 6 ... Can be prevented. It should be noted that each filling hole 10 prevents the foaming heat insulating agent from spouting from the filling hole 10 by immediately attaching an adhesive sealing seal (not shown) to the sheet 5 after the filling of the foaming heat insulating agent.

After the heat insulating layer 11 is formed in this manner, the well-known inner wall material 13 is formed on the outer surface side of the base plates 6, 6, ....
To install. On the other hand, the outer wall material 15 is attached to the outer surface of the board 8 at an appropriate time before or after the heat insulating layer 11 is formed, for example, via the furring strip 14.

Contrary to the above construction, the base plate 6,
The outer wall material 15 may be attached to the outer surface side of the boards 6 through the furring strip 14 and the inner wall material 13 may be attached to the outer surface side of the board 8.

Next, FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment. The same components as those of the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a liquid-tight sheet which is attached to the side surface on the indoor side of the skeleton 2 from the base 1 to the girder. As the sheet 21, the sheet 5 shown in the first embodiment may be used. Reference numeral 22 denotes an inner board which is located on the outer surface side of the sheet 21 and fixed to the skeleton body 2 as a planar wall material.

On the other hand, reference numerals 23, 23, ... Denote a plurality of outer boards as sheet-like wall members that are attached to the outdoor side surface of the skeleton 2 from the base 1 to the girders with no gaps between them. The same as the inner board 22 may be used, or a panel plywood may be used. Thus, body 2
22 and 23 installed facing the indoor and outdoor sides of
Therefore, the heat insulation layer forming spaces 24, 24, ...
Is defined.

Reference numerals 25, 25, ... Denote a plurality of vertically elongated rectangular openings formed in each outer board 23 so as to face the heat insulating layer forming spaces 24, and the openings 25 are separated from each other in the vertical direction. It is provided.

Reference numerals 26, 26, ... Show transparent sheets attached to the inner surface of each outer board 23 in a state in which the columns of openings 25, 25 ,.
It is preferable to use a sheet having liquid-tightness and moisture-proof property as in the sheet 5 used in the first embodiment. The transparent sheet 26 is located at the whole or part of the opening 25 and the filling hole 2
7, 27, ... Are formed.

28 is a heat insulating layer forming space 2
The heat insulating layers formed on Nos. 4, 24, ... Similar to the heat insulating layer 11 of the first embodiment, each heat insulating layer 28 is formed by filling and foaming each heat insulating layer forming space 24 with the foaming heat insulating agent 12, but the transparent sheet 26 located in each opening 25. Has been inflated to the outside.

.. are furring strips 3 attached so as to cover the joint portions of the adjacent outer boards 23, 23.
Reference numeral 0 denotes an outer wall material attached to the outer surface of the furring strip 29 after forming the heat insulating layer 28.

The wall structure of this embodiment has the above-mentioned structure, and a method of forming the heat insulating layer 28 will be described here. First, from the filling hole 27 located below, the heat insulating layer forming space 24
The foamable heat insulating agent 12 is filled in the inside and foamed. On this occasion,
A foaming state is obtained by looking into the heat insulating layer forming space 24 through the opening 25 where the filling hole 27 is located or the opening 25 located in the vicinity thereof,
The filling work is performed while visually confirming the formation state of the heat insulating layer. Hereinafter, while moving the filling operation from the lower side to the upper filling hole 27, the foaming state and the formation state of the heat insulating layer are visually recognized in the same manner as described above.

The secondary foaming pressure of the foamable heat insulating agent 12 is
The transparent sheet 26 that seals the opening 25 expands from the inside of the opening 25 toward the outside and absorbs it.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the opening 25 is formed in the outer board 23 attached to the outdoor side surface of the frame 2, and the transparent sheet 26 for sealing the opening 25 is filled with the filling hole 2.
Since the foaming heat insulating agent 12 is filled with the foaming agent 7 and foamed, it is possible to avoid the situation where the interior of the foaming heat insulating agent 12 is contaminated even if the foaming heat insulating agent 12 is accidentally blown out from the filling hole 27.

Further, the transparent sheet 26 is formed in a band shape and is attached to the inner surface of each outer board 23 in the factory in advance, so that the on-site attachment work is unnecessary and the efficiency of the whole wall forming operation is improved. Can be planned.

Furthermore, since each opening 25 is sealed by the transparent sheet 26, the inside of the heat insulating layer forming space 24 can be visually recognized, and the foaming heat insulating agent 12 can be seen while observing the foaming state and the heat insulating layer forming state. Appropriately determine the injection volume and injection site.

[0038]

As described above in detail, according to the first and second aspects of the invention, the space for forming the heat insulating layer formed in the body is filled with the foaming heat insulating agent, and the heat insulating layer is formed by foaming. Therefore, the following effects (1) to (3) are achieved.

(1) Since the heat insulating layer is densely formed in the heat insulating layer forming space without any gap, the conventional glass wool filling structure,
Superior airtightness and heat insulation can be obtained as compared with the polystyrene foam plate laying structure and panel unit structure.

(2) Since the heat insulating layer can be formed in the heat insulating layer forming space according to the wall thickness which differs depending on the building, on the contrary, the wall thickness can be freely designed.

(3) Since the heat insulating layer can be formed by only filling the foaming heat insulating agent in the heat insulating layer forming space and foaming the heat insulating layer, the work of forming the heat insulating layer is easy and the heat insulating agent can be scattered to the outside. It is extremely safe and sanitary because it does not exist.

(4) Further, according to the first aspect of the invention, since the secondary foaming pressure is released by providing a gap between the base plates, it is possible to eliminate the phenomenon that the wall surface bulges. The wall surface can be formed flat.

On the other hand, according to the second aspect of the invention, the planar wall material defining the heat insulating layer forming space is provided with the opening sealed with the transparent sheet, so that the space inside the heat insulating layer is formed through the opening. As a result of being able to adjust the injection amount and the injection site of the foaming heat insulating agent while visually observing the foaming state, it is possible to form a uniform and highly airtight heat insulating layer.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a wall structure that defines a heat insulating layer forming space.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for forming a heat insulating layer.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a wall structure having a heat insulating layer.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a wall structure according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a planar wall material that constitutes a wall structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 frame 5 sheet 6 field plate 7 gap 8 board 9, 24 heat insulating layer forming space 10, 27 filling hole 11, 28 heat insulating layer 12 foaming heat insulating agent 22 inner board 23 outer board 25 opening 26 transparent sheet

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A stretchable sheet spread on one side of a body formed by combining a plurality of pillars to form a building,
The skeleton is composed of a plurality of base plates arranged on the outer surface side of the sheet with a gap therebetween and fixed to the skeleton, and a planar wall material facing the sheet and fixed to the other side of the skeleton. A wall structure of a building, characterized in that a liquid-tight insulating layer forming space is defined therein, and a foaming insulating agent is filled and foamed in the insulating layer forming space. 2. A one-sided wall material which is attached to one side of a body formed by combining a plurality of pillar materials to form a building, and the other side of the body facing the one-sided wall material. A heat insulating layer forming space is defined in the skeleton from the attached other side surface wall material, and a plurality of opening portions facing the heat insulating layer forming space are provided in the other side surface wall material, and the opening portion is formed. A stretchable transparent sheet for sealing is attached between the other side wall material and the body, and foamability is provided through an injection hole formed in the transparent sheet facing all or part of the plurality of openings. A wall structure of a building, wherein a heat insulating layer is formed in the heat insulating layer forming space by filling and foaming a heat insulating agent.