JP2759245B2 - Building wall structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building in which a heat insulating layer is formed inside a wall forming a building such as a house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the quality of the housing environment has been demanded, and the heat insulation standards have been revised in 1992 in relation to energy saving and the like. Became. For this reason, a structure in which a heat insulating material such as a mat-like glass wool having a thickness of about 100 to 200 mm is filled in the inner and outer wall spaces in the skeleton, and a structure in which a 50-mm-thick polystyrene foam plate is arranged on the wall surface of the skeleton without gaps on the side. A structure using a panel in which a skeleton is integrally formed in a polystyrene foam, a structure in which a base material is fixed to one side of a skeleton, and a 10 to 50 mm urethane foam layer is formed on the back surface by spraying in the field are provided. I have.

[0003]

However, this type of wall structure or construction method has the following disadvantages. First,
In the above-mentioned wall structure, it is impossible to fill the space formed between the frame and the inner and outer walls with a mat-like glass wool without any gaps on average. In addition, glass wool has a drawback that it absorbs condensed water in the long term to make it slimy and corrodes the frame. In addition, there is a problem in handling that glass wool scratches when it comes into contact with the skin during construction, and construction efficiency is extremely poor, and there are weaknesses such as lack of airtightness.

[0004] Next, the above-mentioned wall structure not only increases the thickness of the frame, but also requires a plastic sheet to be interposed on both sides in order to increase the airtightness, and has a disadvantage that the number of steps is enormous. Further, the airtightness and heat insulation of the portion where windows, bases, eaves and the like are accommodated are quite low.

[0005] Furthermore, in the wall structure, although the heat insulating property and airtightness of the panel itself are extremely high, there is an extremely large gap at the joint between the panels, and there is a disadvantage that the heat insulating property and airtightness of the whole wall are significantly inferior. . This is due to the fact that buildings typically have a strain of 5-10 mm. For this reason, in order to integrate the skeleton with the polyurethane foam, it is necessary to remove the water from the main pillars, studs, etc. incorporated in the panel and use it as a drying material to greatly reduce distortion, but the drying process requires time and cost. There are drawbacks.

In the wall structure, a heat insulating layer having a uniform thickness cannot be formed, and the working atmosphere is filled with mist, which is extremely poor in terms of safety and health, and wastes materials. Of course, it is necessary to attach the interior base material after spraying.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has excellent airtightness and heat insulation.
An object of the present invention is to provide a wall structure of a building having a heat insulating layer that can be formed according to the thickness of a wall.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a building, comprising a plurality of pillars combined with a plurality of pillars, and the elasticity is spread on one side of the body. A sheet having a plurality of base plates arranged on the outer surface side of the sheet with a gap therebetween, and fixed to the frame, and a planar wall fixed to the other side of the frame opposite to the sheet. A liquid-tight heat-insulating layer forming space is defined in the body from the material, and the heat-insulating layer is formed by filling and foaming a foaming heat insulating agent in the heat-insulating layer forming space.

[0009] The means of the second invention is characterized in that one side wall member attached to one side of a frame formed by combining a plurality of pillar members to form a building, and the one side wall member is opposed to the one side wall member. The other side wall material attached to the other side of the skeleton defines a heat insulating layer forming space in the main body, and the other side wall material has a plurality of openings facing the heat insulating layer forming space. And a stretchable transparent sheet that seals the opening is attached between the other side wall material and the skeleton, and the transparent sheet facing all or a part of the plurality of openings is attached to the transparent sheet. The heat insulating layer is formed in the heat insulating layer forming space by filling and foaming a foaming heat insulating agent through the formed injection hole.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating layer is densely formed in the heat insulating layer forming space by expanding the sheet from the gap between the base plates to release the foaming pressure of the foaming heat insulating agent. It exhibits excellent airtightness and heat insulation.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the foamable heat-insulating agent is filled and foamed while visually observing the inside of the heat-insulating layer forming space from the opening of the planar wall material. Due to expansion, a heat insulating layer is densely formed in the heat insulating layer forming space, and exhibits excellent airtightness and heat insulating properties.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wall structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a base of a building such as a house, 2 denotes a frame constituting the building, and the frame 2 includes a main pillar 3, a stud 4 and a girder (not shown) formed by a wooden frame construction method.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a sheet attached to the inner surface of the main pillar 3 and the stud 4 and spread on the inner surface of the frame 2. The sheet 5 has stretchability, liquid tightness, and moisture resistance,
In addition, a material capable of improving the fluidity of a foaming heat insulating agent described below and capable of uniform foaming, such as a polyethylene sheet, a polyurethane sheet, a polyester sheet, a vinyl chloride sheet, a nonwoven fabric sheet, a composite fiber resin sheet, a fluorine resin sheet, and glass Fiber sheet, paper sheet, aluminum sheet 1
It is preferable to use a seed or a stack of one or more of these.

.. Denote a plurality of base plates fixed to the skeleton 2 on the outer surface side of the sheet 5, and the base plates 6, 6,. By arranging them at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, gaps 7, 7,... Having a predetermined width t are formed between the adjacent base plates 6, 6.

On the other hand, reference numeral 8 denotes a board as a planar wall material which is fixed to the other side surface of the main pillar 3 and the stud 4 so as to be stretched outside the frame 2. The board 8 has strength against foaming pressure of the foaming heat insulating agent, and is a material having ease of construction, heat insulating property, moisture proof property, humidity control property and soundproof property to be provided as a wall material, for example, a sheathing insulation board,
It is preferable to use a wood wool cement board, a wood chip cement board, an insulation board, a cork board, a gypsum board, a calcium silicate board, and a perlite board.

Thus, in the frame 2 of this embodiment, a liquid-tight heat-insulating layer forming space 9 is defined by the inner sheet 5 and the outer board 8 whose outer surfaces are covered with the base plates 6 and 6. ,
The sheet 5 has filling holes 10, 10,... Communicating with the heat insulating layer forming space 9 at the gaps 7, 7,.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a heat insulating layer formed in the heat insulating layer forming space 9. The heat insulating layer 11 has filling holes 10, 10,.
Is filled with a foaming heat-insulating agent into the heat-insulating layer forming space 9 via the nozzle A, and foamed. The heat-insulating layer is formed in such a state that the sheet 5 is expanded outward from each of the gaps 7 by about the thickness of the field board 6. It is formed uniformly and densely in the forming space 9.

The foaming heat insulating agent 12 forming the heat insulating layer 11 includes in-situ foaming type polyurethane foam, polyisocyanate foam, phenol foam, polyurea foam and urea foam, as well as their modified forms, or partially difficulties. A foam or the like to which a burning agent (aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, or the like) is added is used.

The wall structure according to the present embodiment has the above-described structure. Next, a method of constructing the wall structure will be described. First, the skeleton 2 is erected on the base 1. Since the frame 2 is assembled by a known main frame assembly method, its details are omitted.

Next, a sheet 5 is spread over one side of the main column 3 between the main column 3 and the main column 3 or the stud 4 via a fixing means such as a nail or an adhesive. Further, a plurality of base plates 6, 6,... Are fixed to the frame 2 with a predetermined width t in the height direction on the sheet 5, and the base plates 6, 6,. Forming gaps 7, 7, ... between them; When the base plates 6, 6,... Are fixed, the filling hole 1 for inserting the filling nozzle A into the sheet 5 is located at a plurality of appropriate gaps 7, 7,.
0, 10,...

On the other hand, a plurality of boards 8, 8,... Are nailed in a space between the main pillar 3 and the main pillar 3 or the stud 4 without gaps. Thus, the upper and lower sides are surrounded by the girder and the base 1, the left and right sides are surrounded by the main pillar 3 and the main pillar 3 or the stud 4, and both sides are formed by the liquid-tight heat-insulating layer forming space 9 surrounded by the sheet 5 and the board 8. Form.

Next, the above-described filling holes 10, 10,...
First, a foaming heat insulating agent is filled from the lower filling hole 10 through the filling nozzle A, and the foaming heat insulating agent is firstly foamed to form a certain heat insulating layer in the forming space 9. Filling and foaming to form a heat insulating layer so that there are no gaps. In this way, the heat insulating layers are sequentially formed from below to above, and the heat insulating layers 11 are formed in the forming space 9 without any gap.

In the process of forming the heat insulating layer 11 described above,
The secondary foaming pressure of the foaming heat insulating agent is absorbed by the sheet 5 expanding outward from each of the gaps 7, and as a result, the base plate 6,
.. Can be prevented from being deformed due to bulging. Immediately after the filling hole 10 is filled with the foaming heat insulating agent, an adhesive hermetic seal (not shown) is stuck to the sheet 5 to prevent the foaming heat insulating agent from being blown out from the filling hole 10.

After the heat insulating layer 11 is formed in this manner, a well-known inner wall material 13 is provided on the outer surface of the base plates 6, 6,.
To wear. On the other hand, an outer wall material 15 is provided on the outer surface side of the board 8 at an appropriate time before or after the formation of the heat insulating layer 11, for example, via the trunk 14.

It should be noted that, contrary to the above configuration, the field board 6,
The outer wall 15 may be attached to the outer surface of the board 6 via the body edge 14 and the inner wall 13 may be attached to the outer surface of the board 8.

Next, FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment. The same components as those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a liquid-tight sheet attached from the base 1 to the girder on the indoor side surface of the frame 2. The sheet 21 shown in the first embodiment may be used as the sheet 21. Reference numeral 22 denotes an inner board as a planar wall material which is located on the outer surface side of the sheet 21 and fixed to the frame 2. The inner board 22 is preferably the board 8 shown in the first embodiment.

On the other hand, reference numerals 23, 23,... Denote a plurality of outer boards as planar wall materials attached to the outdoor side surface of the frame 2 from the base 1 to the girder without any gap therebetween. May be the same as the inside board 22 or a panel plywood. Thus, frame 2
Boards 22 and 23 installed facing the indoor side and the outdoor side
The heat insulating layer forming spaces 24, 24,.
Is defined.

Are a plurality of vertically elongated rectangular openings formed in each outer board 23 facing each of the heat insulating layer forming spaces 24. The openings 25 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. It is arranged.

Are transparent sheets stuck to the inner surface of each outer board 23 in a state where the openings 25, 25,.
It is preferable to use a sheet having liquid-tightness and moisture-proofing property like the sheet 5 used in the first embodiment. In the transparent sheet 26, the filling hole 2 is located at all or a part of the opening 25.
7, 27,... Are formed.

, Are heat insulating layer forming spaces 2
The heat insulating layers formed at 4, 24,... Each of the heat insulating layers 28 is formed by filling and foaming the heat insulating layer forming space 24 with the foaming heat insulating agent 12 similarly to the heat insulating layer 11 of the first embodiment. Is expanded outward.

.., 29, 29,..., A body edge attached so as to cover a joint portion of the adjacent outer boards 23, 23;
Reference numeral 0 denotes an outer wall material attached to the outer surface of the body edge 29 after the heat insulating layer 28 is formed.

The wall structure of the present embodiment has the above-described structure. Here, a method of forming the heat insulating layer 28 will be described. First, the heat insulating layer forming space 24 is formed through the filling hole 27 located below.
The inside is filled with a foaming heat insulating agent 12 and foamed. On this occasion,
Looking into the heat insulating layer forming space 24 from the opening 25 where the filling hole 27 is located or the opening 25 located in the vicinity, the foaming state,
The filling operation is performed while visually checking the formation state of the heat insulating layer. Hereinafter, while the filling operation is being moved from below to the upper filling hole 27, the foaming state and the formation state of the heat insulating layer are visually recognized in the same manner as described above.

The secondary foaming pressure of the foamable heat insulating agent 12 is as follows:
The transparent sheet 26 sealing the opening 25 is absorbed by expanding outward from the inside of the opening 25.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the opening 25 is formed in the outer board 23 mounted on the outdoor side surface of the frame 2, and the transparent sheet 26 sealing the opening 25 is filled with the filling hole 2.
Since the foaming heat insulating agent 12 is filled and foamed by forming the foaming insulating material 12, even if the foaming heat insulating agent 12 erroneously blows out from the filling hole 27, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the interior is soiled.

Further, the transparent sheet 26 is formed in a belt shape and is previously mounted on the inner surface of each of the outer boards 23 in the factory, so that installation work on site can be omitted, and the efficiency of the entire wall forming operation can be improved. Can be planned.

Further, since each opening 25 is sealed with a transparent sheet 26, the inside of the heat insulating layer forming space 24 can be visually recognized. The injection amount and the injection place can be appropriately determined.

[0038]

As described above in detail, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a heat insulating layer is formed by filling a heat insulating layer forming space formed in a body with a foaming heat insulating agent and foaming. Therefore, the following effects (1) to (3) are obtained.

(1) Since the heat insulating layer is formed densely in the heat insulating layer forming space without any gap, the conventional glass wool filling structure,
Excellent airtightness and heat insulation can be obtained as compared with a polystyrene foam plate laying structure and a panel unit structure.

(2) Since the heat insulating layer can be formed also in the heat insulating layer forming space according to the thickness of the wall which differs depending on the building, the thickness of the wall can be freely designed.

(3) The heat-insulating layer can be formed simply by filling the space for forming the heat-insulating layer with the foaming heat-insulating agent and foaming it. Therefore, the work of forming the heat-insulating layer is easy, and the heat-insulating agent can be scattered outside. It is extremely safe and sanitary because it is not available.

(4) According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the secondary foaming pressure is released by providing a gap between the base plates, the phenomenon that the wall surface swells can be eliminated. The wall surface can be formed flat.

On the other hand, according to the second aspect of the present invention, an opening sealed with a transparent sheet is provided in the planar wall material defining the heat insulating layer forming space. As a result, it is possible to adjust the injection amount and the injection place of the foaming heat insulating agent while visually observing the foaming state, thereby forming a uniform and highly airtight heat insulating layer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 3 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a wall structure defining a heat insulating layer forming space.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a method of forming a heat insulating layer.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a wall structure on which a heat insulating layer is formed.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a wall structure according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a planar wall material constituting the wall structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Body 5 Sheet 6 Field board 7 Gap 8 Board 9, 24 Insulation layer forming space 10, 27 Filling hole 11, 28 Insulation layer 12 Foaming agent 22 Inner board 23 Outer board 25 Opening 26 Transparent sheet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI E04B 2/56 604 E04B 2/56 604D 622 622C 631 631A 645 645B

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stretchable sheet spread on one side of a frame formed by combining a plurality of pillars to form a building;
A plurality of base plates arranged on the outer surface side of the sheet with a gap therebetween and fixed to the frame, and a planar wall material fixed to the other side of the frame opposite to the sheet and the frame. A liquid-tight heat-insulating layer forming space, and a heat-insulating layer formed by filling and foaming a foaming heat-insulating agent in the heat-insulating layer forming space. 2. A side wall member mounted on one side of a frame formed by combining a plurality of pillars to form a building, and a wall member on the other side of the frame facing the one side wall member. A heat insulating layer forming space is defined in the skeleton from the attached other side wall material, and a plurality of openings facing the heat insulating layer forming space are separated from the other side wall material, and the openings are formed. A stretchable transparent sheet that seals between the other side wall material and the skeleton is attached, and foaming is performed through an injection hole formed in the transparent sheet facing all or a part of the plurality of openings. A wall structure of a building, wherein a heat insulating layer is formed in the heat insulating layer forming space by filling and foaming a heat insulating agent.