JP6412431B2 - Bearing wall structure of wooden outer wall and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a load-bearing wall structure for a wooden outer wall and a construction method thereof, and more specifically, a load-bearing wall structure for a wooden outer wall having a load strength of 2.0 or more against a short-term horizontal load and its construction. It is about the method.

  In general, the construction methods of wooden structures such as wooden outer wall structures are broadly divided into wooden frame construction methods and wooden frame construction methods, but in either construction method, buildings are subject to short-term horizontal loads during earthquakes or storms. It is desirable to have sufficient earthquake resistance and pressure resistance to withstand As an index indicating the strength of a wooden building against a short-term horizontal load, the frame length of the bearing wall effective for the structural strength in the beam-to-beam direction and the crossing direction of the building is generally used. The wall length corresponding to the structure of the bearing wall is used to calculate this type of shaft length. It is considered that the strength of the load bearing wall against short-term horizontal load is proportional to the value obtained by multiplying the wall magnification of the load bearing wall by the wall length. Therefore, the durability of the building against a short-term horizontal load is determined based on a numerical value obtained by adding the numerical values of wall magnification × wall length in the beam-to-beam direction and the column direction.

  FIG. 6 is a partially broken perspective view and a transverse cross-sectional view schematically showing a load-bearing wall structure of a wooden outer wall according to the prior art.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the wooden outer wall 100 having the bearing wall structure has a frame 110 including a vertical frame 113. Although only the vertical frame 113 constituting the frame 110 is illustrated in FIG. 6, the frame 110 has a configuration in which an upper frame and a lower frame (not shown) are integrally assembled to the vertical frame 113. A wood-based plywood 111 is integrally laminated on the indoor side surface of the frame 110 as an interior surface material.

  On the other hand, a wooden structural plywood 103 is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the frame 110 as a load bearing surface material on the outdoor side surface of the frame 110. In the wooden outer wall 100 shown in FIG. 6, the exterior finishing material 108 is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the plywood 103 by the trunk edge material 107 and the clasp 109. A moisture permeable waterproof sheet 106 is laminated on the outdoor side surface of the structural plywood 103, and a ventilation layer 105 is formed between the plywood 103 and the exterior finishing material 108.

  Between the vertical frames 113 arranged at intervals in the wall core direction, a heat insulating material (rock wool type or glass wool type heat insulating material) 114 is filled. A moisture-proof sheet 116 is interposed between the heat insulating material 114 and the vertical frame 113 and the plywood 111.

  Since the outer wall 100 shown in FIG. 6 has a structure in which the structural plywood 103 is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the frame 110, the structural plywood 103 exhibits a required proof stress as a load bearing surface material. For this reason, the wooden outer wall 100 can be effectively used structurally as a wooden bearing wall having a wall magnification of 2.0 or more.

  The wooden load-bearing wall shown in FIG. 6 has a structure using a structural plywood, but as a wooden load-bearing wall using a gypsum-based face material, a special gypsum board in which glass tissue (glass fiber nonwoven fabric) is embedded in the surface layer Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-227086 relating to the application of the present applicant discloses a structure in which the frame is attached to a wooden frame or a wooden frame. At present, a wooden bearing wall having a wall magnification of 2.0 or more in which a gypsum board is fixed to an indoor side surface of a wooden frame or a wooden frame is also permitted. However, as will be described later, it is not allowed to use a gypsum board as an outdoor load bearing material due to aging degradation of the gypsum board due to the influence of the external environment such as wind and rain and moisture. A wooden outer wall having a wall magnification of 2.0 or more, which is fixed to the outdoor side surface of a wooden frame or wooden frame, has not been put into practical use so far and has not been developed.

JP 2001-227086 A

  Of the various load-bearing wall board materials that have been constructed or used in the past or present, it is generally considered that structural plywood exhibits relatively good horizontal force test results. That is, in the case of a load bearing wall model using structural plywood as a face material, in general, the initial rigidity appears to be relatively low, but the maximum yield strength is large, and the yield strength deterioration due to an increase in the shear deformation angle does not occur remarkably. . Therefore, a relatively high wall magnification can be applied to a load-bearing wall using a structural plywood. However, the structural plywood is not necessarily desirable for improving the fireproof performance of a building because it is inferior in fireproof performance compared to inorganic board materials such as gypsum board and calcium silicate board.

  On the other hand, an inorganic board material such as a plaster board is advantageous in improving the fireproof performance of a building and exhibits a relatively high initial rigidity.

  However, the outer wall of a wooden building is required to have weather resistance, durability, etc. over a long period of time. Therefore, the face materials that can be used on the outer side of the outer wall are not only short-term waterproof and water-resistant. In addition, it is necessary to consider aging deterioration of proof stress or strength due to the influence of water and humidity, temperature change, thermal stress and the like that repeatedly act for a long period of time. For this reason, the load-bearing wall which used the gypsum board as the load-bearing surface material of the outdoor side of a wooden outer wall is not permitted at present.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to fix the inorganic board material as a load bearing surface material on the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame or the wooden frame, and to achieve short-term horizontal An object of the present invention is to provide a load-bearing wall structure for a wooden outer wall that has a load resistance of 2.0 or more against the load, and a method for its construction.

Means and action for solving the problem

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wooden outer wall structure having a structure in which a face material is applied to the outdoor side surface of a wooden frame or a wooden frame.
It has a gypsum board fixed as a load-bearing surface material on the outdoor side surface of a wooden frame member or wooden frame member,
The gypsum core portion of the gypsum plate contains an organopolysiloxane compound as a strength deterioration preventing agent for preventing the strength deterioration,
A wall body formed by fixing the gypsum plate as a load bearing surface to the frame or shaft group has a wall magnification of 2.0 or more as a strength of a wooden outer wall against a short-term horizontal load. Provide the outer wall structure.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the gypsum board on the outdoor side surface fixed to the wooden frame member or the wooden frame member contains the organopolysiloxane compound as a proof stress preventing agent, so that the wall body is a wooden outer wall. As a strength, the wall magnification is 2.0 or more.

  In general, organopolysiloxane compounds are only grasped as waterproofing or water repellents for improving short-term gypsum board waterproofing or water resistance, and are used for reducing the strength or deterioration of strength of gypsum board. The strength maintaining action of the compound has not been paid attention to in the past, and such a viewpoint has not been studied in the past. However, in gypsum boards that have undergone severe deterioration treatment simulating long-term use, a phenomenon in which the organopolysiloxane compound mixed in the gypsum core part contributes to maintaining the strength after deterioration treatment has been observed in our experiments. It was. This is a phenomenon that is not observed in a gypsum plate in which another waterproofing agent such as a paraffinic waterproofing agent having an influence of heat deterioration is mixed in the gypsum core portion. That is, the outdoor side gypsum plate containing the organopolysiloxane compound in the gypsum core portion is substantially free from aging and deterioration of strength and strength due to the outdoor environment such as moisture and / or solar heat. It has been found through experiments by the present inventors that a plasterboard can be used as a load bearing material on the outdoor side in order to ensure a yield strength of a wall magnification of 2.0 or more.

  Suitably, the said gypsum board further contains a fireproof reinforcing material in order to improve the fire resistance of the outdoor side surface. Preferably, an exterior finishing material is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board via an exterior base material such as a trunk edge material or a spacer member, and a ventilation layer is formed between the gypsum board and the exterior finishing material. More preferably, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is applied to the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board, and the moisture-proof sheet (moisture-proof film) and the interior surface material are applied to the indoor side surface of the frame.

The moisture resistance value of the gypsum plate (first gypsum plate) can be preferably set within a range of 0.8 × 10 ⁻³ to 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng. If desired, a ^second gypsum board such as a gypsum board having a moisture permeation resistance value of 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng or less is additionally laminated on the outdoor side surface of the first gypsum board. As the second gypsum board, a reinforced gypsum board containing a fireproof reinforcing material can be preferably used. In addition to the first gypsum board, a moisture-proof sheet (moisture-proof sheet (JIS A 6930) having a moisture-permeable resistance value of 8.2 × 10 ^-2 m ² · s · Pa / ng or more), a second gypsum board and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet ( When using a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet (JIS A 6111) having a moisture resistance value of 0.19 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng or less, the moisture resistance value of the moisture-proof sheet is preferably the first gypsum The moisture permeability resistance value of the first gypsum board is set to a value larger than the moisture permeability resistance value of the second gypsum board. The value is set to a value larger than the moisture permeability resistance value of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet.

  In this specification, the “face material” is a board-like or flat plate-like material that transmits external force by surface rigidity, or that deforms or displaces in the in-plane direction or out-of-plane direction to partially absorb the external force. means. Further, in the present specification, the “gypsum plate” is a gypsum plate in which a gypsum core portion mainly composed of gypsum is exposed on the surface or surface layer, and the surface or surface layer of the gypsum core portion is coated with a base paper for gypsum board. It is a concept including a gypsum board (so-called “gypsum board”).

The present invention further includes a method for constructing a wooden outer wall having a structure in which a face material is constructed on an outdoor side surface of a wooden frame or a wooden frame.
As a load-bearing face material, a gypsum board containing or containing an organopolysiloxane compound in the gypsum core as a strength deterioration preventing agent in order to secure a wall magnification of 2.0 or more as the strength of the wooden outer wall against short-term horizontal load Provided is a construction method of a wooden outer wall, which is fixed to an outdoor side surface of a wooden frame member or a wooden shaft member.

The present inventors pay attention to the above-mentioned strength maintaining action of the organopolysiloxane compound, and relates to the gypsum board in which the organopolysiloxane compound is mixed in the gypsum core part as a proof strength deterioration preventing agent, and the remaining of the gypsum board after the predetermined deterioration treatment A residual strength test was performed to measure the strength. As a result of the residual strength test, it was found that the residual strength rate of such a gypsum plate was 0.9 or more, and the strength before the deterioration treatment could be generally maintained. The present inventors also conducted a proof test on a wooden outer wall using a gypsum plate in which the proof strength deterioration preventing agent is mixed in the gypsum core part as a load bearing surface material. As a result of the proof stress test, it was found that such a wall exhibits a wall magnification of about 2.3. Therefore, even if a general-purpose or conventional gypsum board can be fixed to the outdoor side of a wooden frame or wooden frame, considering the current situation or the situation where the wall magnification cannot be set to 2.0 or more for the wooden outer wall, the above The constructed wooden outer wall and its construction method are extremely useful and practical.
From another point of view, the present invention provides a gypsum board that is fixed as a load-bearing face material on the wooden outer wall structure or the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame member in the construction method described above. The gypsum board according to the present invention contains the above-mentioned strength resistance preventing agent in the gypsum core portion so that the residual strength rate that can be used as a strength surface material is exhibited after the deterioration process of the boiling method. Preferably, the gypsum board contains the above proof strength deterioration preventing agent in the gypsum core portion so as to exhibit a residual strength rate of 0.9 or more, or a basic formula for determining the wall magnification of a wooden structure wall [wall magnification = experiment In the gypsum core portion, the proof strength deterioration preventing agent is contained so that a value exceeding 0.8 can be obtained as a safety factor that can be employed in [wall magnification × safety factor] .

  According to the above configuration of the present invention, the inorganic board material is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame or the wooden frame as a load-bearing surface material, thereby having a yield strength of a wall magnification of 2.0 or more against a short-term horizontal load. It is possible to provide a load-bearing wall structure for a wooden outer wall and a construction method thereof.

FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of a wooden outer wall schematically showing the structure of a load bearing wall structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wooden outer wall shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the wooden outer wall shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the structure of a wooden outer wall subjected to a test for measuring the experimental wall magnification. FIG. 5 is a front view showing a configuration in which the configuration of the outer wall of the frame wall construction method shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is applied to a wooden outer wall of a frame structure. FIG. 6 is a partially broken perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a wooden outer wall schematically showing the configuration of a conventional load-bearing wall structure.

  Preferably, examples of the organopolysiloxane compound as the proof stress deterioration preventing agent include those represented by the following chemical formula (1), and are selected from methyl hydrogen polysiloxane, dimethyl polysiloxane, or methyl phenyl polysiloxane. The In the present invention, methyl hydrogen polysiloxane having excellent waterproof performance and strength maintaining action can be preferably used as a proof stress deterioration preventing agent.

なお、上記化学式において、Ｒ、Ｒ¹及びＲ²は、メチル基、フェニル基、又は水素原子であり、ｍ、ｎは０又は正の整数である。

In the above chemical formula, R, R ¹ and R ² are a methyl group, a phenyl group, or a hydrogen atom, and m and n are 0 or a positive integer.

  Suitably, the addition amount of the organopolysiloxane compound mixed or contained in the gypsum core part is set to 0.1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of gypsum. This is because it is difficult to ensure the desired water repellency of the gypsum board when the addition amount of the organopolysiloxane compound is less than 0.1 parts by weight, and when the addition amount is more than 5 parts by weight, the fireproofing and fire resistance This is because a disadvantage arises.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gypsum board is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the frame member or the shaft member by a fixture such as a nail or a retaining screw. Preferably, the interval (P1) between the fixtures arranged at the outer edge of the gypsum plate is set to 50 mm or more and 150 mm or less, and the interval (P2) between the fixtures arranged at the center portion of the gypsum plate is 100 mm. The wooden outer wall which is set to 300 mm or less and is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame member or the wooden shaft member with a gypsum plate as a load-bearing surface member exhibits a wall magnification of 2.2 or more.

  Hereinafter, with reference to an accompanying drawing, the composition of the bearing wall structure concerning the suitable example of the present invention is explained in detail.

  1, 2 and 3 are a partially broken perspective view, a transverse sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of a wooden outer wall having a bearing wall structure according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the structure of the wooden outer wall of the frame wall construction method set as the measurement target of the experimental wall magnification in the bearing wall structure shown in FIGS.

  The wooden outer wall 1 of the bearing wall structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a wall body of a framed wall construction method, and includes an upper frame 18 (FIG. 3), a lower frame 19 (FIG. 3), and a vertical frame 13 (FIGS. 1 and 2). ) Are integrally assembled.

  The outer wall 1 has a structure in which the gypsum plate 3 on the outdoor side surface is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the frame 10 with a fixture 21 (FIG. 4) such as a nail or a retaining screw.

  The outdoor side plaster board 3 is a hard gypsum board having a surface thickness of 12.0 to 13.0 mm (JIS standard: 12.5 mm) and a specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.1, which is coated with a base paper for gypsum board. is there. The gypsum board 3 has a gypsum core portion in which an appropriate amount of glass fibers and an organopolysiloxane compound are mixed or contained as a fireproof reinforcing material and a strength deterioration preventing agent. The compounding amount of the glass fiber in the gypsum core part is 0.3 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of gypsum, and the compounding quantity of the organopolysiloxane compound in the gypsum core part is 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of gypsum. 5 parts by weight. The gypsum board 3 also contains a fungicide in the gypsum core part as a deterioration prevention aid, and the amount of the fungicide added to the gypsum core part is 0.1 to 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of gypsum. The base paper for gypsum board contains a fungicide.

Preferably, the moisture permeability resistance value of the gypsum plate 3 is set in a range of 0.8 × 10 ⁻³ to 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng. For example, when the moisture permeation resistance value of the gypsum board 3 exceeds 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng, moisture that has entered the wall of the outer wall 1 becomes between the gypsum board 3 and the moisture-proof sheet 16. A phenomenon occurs in which the phenomenon of condensing and condensing in the region or the like, that is, the internal condensation phenomenon is likely to occur. Such an internal dew condensation phenomenon causes a decrease in wall strength, generation of mold, and the like. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of the internal dew condensation phenomenon, the moisture permeability resistance value of the gypsum plate 3 is 1.0 × 10 6 as described above. It is desirable to set it to ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng or less. Incidentally, in the case of structural plywood, since the moisture permeability resistance value usually exceeds 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng, in the case of structural plywood 103 shown in FIG. Therefore, internal condensation is likely to occur.

On the other hand, in order to set the moisture resistance value of the gypsum plate 3 to less than 0.8 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng, usually, the plate thickness and / or the specific gravity must be reduced, For example, the thickness of the gypsum plate 3 is often set to be less than 12.0, or the specific gravity of the gypsum plate 3 has to be relatively reduced. In general, reduction of plate thickness and specific gravity is advantageous in terms of reduction of wall thickness, reduction of wall weight, improvement of workability, etc., but it reduces the strength or proof stress as a load bearing surface material, or There is a tendency to reduce or degrade the fire resistance of the body. For this reason, if the moisture permeability resistance value of the gypsum plate 3 is excessively reduced, it may be difficult to ensure sufficient strength or proof strength as the load bearing surface material. It is desirable to set it to ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng or more to ensure a sufficient thickness and specific gravity of the gypsum plate 3. By the way, the moisture permeability resistance value of standard gypsum board is considered to be 0.3 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng (Housing Finance Support Organization, Wooden Housing Construction Specifications).

As described above, the moisture permeation resistance value of the gypsum plate 3 is related to the occurrence of internal condensation, and is also related to the plate thickness, specific gravity, strength, proof stress, weight, fire resistance performance, and the like of the gypsum plate 3. For this reason, in this embodiment, the moisture permeation resistance value of the gypsum plate 3 is set within the range of 0.8 × 10 ⁻³ to 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng. Prevention, and optimization or optimization of the thickness, specific gravity, strength, proof stress, weight, fire resistance, etc. of the plaster board 3 are achieved.

  If desired, a second gypsum plate (not shown) is additionally applied to the outer surface of the gypsum plate 3 as a refractory surface material that improves the fire performance of the outer wall 1. As the construction of the second gypsum board, for example, a construction in which one or more gypsum boards are laminated and attached to the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board 3 can be mentioned. Examples of the gypsum board that can be suitably used as the second gypsum board include a reinforced gypsum board having a thickness of 9.0 to 25.0 mm in which a fireproof reinforcing material such as glass fiber and vermiculite is blended. Preferably, an asphalt-based, paraffin-based, or silicone-based waterproofing agent, a reinforced gypsum board that is further improved in durability by further blending a gypsum core and the like with a gypsum core is used as the second gypsum plate.

In addition, from the viewpoint of increasing wall strength and improving fire resistance, it may be assumed that it is preferable to increase the thickness and specific gravity of the second gypsum plate. However, this is a penetration that induces internal condensation. There is concern about an increase in wet resistance. For this reason, the moisture permeability resistance value of the second gypsum plate is preferably set to 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng or less (0.07 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng or more). The The following gypsum board can be illustrated as a 2nd gypsum board which has desired intensity | strength and fire resistance, and also has the moisture-permeable resistance value of 1.0 * 10 < ^-3 > m < ² > s * Pa / ng or less.

(1) Gypsum board with glass fiber, waterproofing agent and antifungal agent, thickness 21mm, specific gravity 0.78, moisture permeability resistance value 1.0 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng
(2) Gypsum board with glass fiber, waterproofing agent and antifungal agent, thickness 12.5mm, specific gravity 0.75, moisture permeability resistance value 0.75 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng
(3) Gypsum board with glass fiber, waterproofing agent and antifungal agent, thickness 12.5mm, specific gravity 1.00, moisture permeability resistance value 0.85 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng

By the way, as a plate material (comparative example) whose moisture permeability resistance value exceeds 1.0 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng, glass fiber, waterproofing agent and antifungal agent are blended, thickness 12.5mm, specific gravity 1.20. , Gypsum board with dimensions or physical properties of moisture permeability resistance value 1.4 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng, or thickness 12.5mm, moisture permeability resistance value 1.6 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng Examples thereof include a cement board having dimensions or physical properties of ng.

  Further, in the outer wall 1 of the present example, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 6 is an outdoor side of the gypsum board when the above-mentioned gypsum board (second gypsum board) is laminated on the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board 3. Construction on the side).

  If desired, on the outdoor side surface of the gypsum plate 3 (or the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board when the above-mentioned gypsum board (second gypsum plate) is laminated on the outdoor side surface of the gypsum plate 3), the body edge material 7 and the mounting bracket 9 ( As shown in FIG. 2, various exterior finishing materials 8 such as ceramics-type exterior materials, metal-based exterior materials, resin-based exterior materials, and wood-based exterior materials are fixed, and a ventilation layer 5 is formed on the indoor side of the exterior finish material 8. If desired, a joint material 15 (FIG. 2) such as a decorative joint material is disposed on the joint portion of the exterior finish material 8, and the exterior side surface of the exterior finish material 8 is coated with a coating material, a spray material, or the like. Finish or plaster finish.

  The configuration described above relates to the structure on the outdoor side of the frame 10, but the interior surface material 11 is attached to the frame 10 on the indoor side surface of the outer wall 1. As the interior face material 11, for example, a structural plywood having a thickness of 9 mm is applied. The interior surface material 11 is integrally attached to the indoor side surface of the frame 10 using a locking / tethering tool such as a screw or a nail, or an adhesive.

  If desired, a gypsum plate may be attached to the indoor side surface of the frame 10 as the interior surface material 11 in consideration of recycling of waste materials, and the outdoor side and indoor side surface materials of the frame 10 may be configured only by the gypsum plate. For example, a hard gypsum board having a surface thickness of 12.5 mm and a specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.1 in which an appropriate amount of glass fiber is contained in a gypsum core part is suitably used as the interior surface material 11. Can do. The compounding quantity of glass fiber is 0.3-5 weight part per 100 weight part of gypsum. The hard gypsum board constructed as the interior surface material 11 may contain an asphalt, paraffin or silicone waterproofing agent in the gypsum core part as required, and the amount added is, for example, 100 parts by weight of gypsum. 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per unit.

  One or more interior face materials (not shown) made of gypsum board (gypsum board) may be laminated and attached to the indoor side face of the interior face material 11 as a fire resistant face material that improves the fire resistance performance of the outer wall 1. As this type of interior surface material, a reinforced gypsum board containing a fireproof reinforcing material such as glass fiber and vermiculite can be mentioned.

  By using a plaster board as the interior face material 11, the face material on the outdoor side and the indoor side of the frame 10 is constituted by the plaster board, so that the fire resistance performance of the outer wall 1 is improved. Moreover, not only a gypsum board is used as the interior surface material 11, but also the fire resistance performance of the outer wall 1 is further improved by laminating the gypsum plate on the outdoor side surface of the gypsum plate 3 and / or the indoor side of the interior surface material 11. Can do. Furthermore, the 2nd gypsum board additionally constructed in the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board 3, and the interior surface additionally laminated | stacked on the indoor side surface of the interior surface material 11 in addition to using a gypsum board for the interior surface material 11 When gypsum board is used as a material, the wall body is made of only a single material, that is, a plaster board, except for exterior finishing materials (siding materials, etc.) and wooden members such as wall frames and frame frames. Since it can be constructed, the plasterboard can be easily separated at the time of building demolition, and the recyclability of the waste plasterboard (board) is improved. In addition, since the gypsum board fixed as the interior surface material 11 functions also as a load-bearing surface material, the proof stress of the outer wall 1 resisting a short-term horizontal load is improved also by the construction of the interior surface material 11 (gypsum plate).

  Next, the earthquake resistance and the like of the outer wall 1 according to the present invention will be described.

  The wall of the wooden frame wall construction method in which the gypsum plate 3 containing an organopolysiloxane compound that also functions as a silicone waterproofing agent in the gypsum core portion is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the frame 10 The present inventor has substantially no deterioration in the yield strength of No. 3, exhibits sufficient earthquake resistance and pressure resistance to withstand short-term horizontal loads during earthquakes or storms, and has a high wall magnification of 2.0 or more. It became clear by experiment. Thus, the high wall magnification and wooden structure outer wall 1 in which the gypsum plate 3 is fixed to the outdoor side surface has a configuration that is considered to be impossible to realize in the conventional concept.

  Hereinafter, this point will be further described.

  In order to determine the material strength and allowable stress level as a structural material that exhibits an effective wall magnification, the quality standards based on the heating / cooling method, boiling method, and reduced pressure method are applied to the face material placed on the outer side of the outer wall. Is defined by the “Framework Wall Construction Method Building Structure Calculation Guidelines” and the like. With regard to gypsum board, the yield strength is relatively greatly reduced, especially during the process of deterioration by boiling, so conventionally it has been ensured material strength and allowable stress level to obtain effective wall magnification as a face material on the outdoor side. It has been considered impossible.

  In the deterioration treatment according to the boiling method, the specimen is immersed in boiling water for 4 hours or more, then immersed in room temperature water for 1 hour or more, and then the specimen is tested in an environment with a temperature of about 70 degrees using a constant temperature dryer. It is a comparatively severe deterioration process of drying until the mass of the material is lower than the mass of the side-matching specimen after curing. Such deterioration treatment is a long-term process that takes into account the deterioration of the proof stress or strength of the outdoor side face material over time due to the effects of moisture, temperature changes, thermal stress, etc. It is thought that the effect of environmental load was tried to reproduce in the laboratory environment. The specimen that has undergone such severe deterioration treatment is measured for the residual strength by a bending strength test, and based on the measured residual strength, the structural safety factor, that is, the wall magnification of the wooden structure wall is obtained. The safety factor that can be adopted is determined in the equation (wall magnification = experiment wall magnification × safety factor).

  Here, as for the gypsum board containing paraffinic waterproofing agent, the residual strength decreased relatively with the decrease in the material strength due to the deterioration treatment, and the safety factor of the above formula was obtained only about 0.2. Therefore, the wooden outer wall having a configuration in which a gypsum board is attached to the outdoor side surface has been dominated so far by a fixed idea that it does not exhibit a wall magnification of 2.0 or more.

  However, in recent research by the present inventors, the gypsum plate containing a predetermined amount of the organopolysiloxane compound in the gypsum core part generally maintains the strength after deterioration treatment, depending on the strength maintaining action of the organopolysiloxane compound, For this reason, it turned out that the safety factor exceeding 0.8 can be employ | adopted in calculation of wall magnification.

  That is, the present inventor measured the residual strength of a gypsum plate specimen containing 0.1-5 parts by weight of methylhydrogenpolysiloxane per 100 parts by weight of gypsum in the gypsum core according to the boiling test method. At the same time, an experiment for determining the experimental wall magnification was performed on the test specimen of the outer wall 1 having the above-described configuration. As a result, in the residual strength test of the specimen after the deterioration treatment, the strength residual ratio of the specimen relative to the strength of the side matching specimen was 0.94. This means that the specimen of the plaster board generally maintained the strength before the deterioration treatment.

  Such a test result is a very unexpected test result considering that the residual strength rate of the gypsum board containing paraffinic waterproofing agent is about 0.2, and is also a very remarkable difference. .

  FIG. 4 shows the structure of the outer wall 1 subjected to a test for obtaining the experimental wall magnification.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the base 52 is fixed to the upper surface of a reinforced concrete cloth foundation 51 by anchor bolts 53. The outer wall 1 is constructed on an end joist (or side joist) 54 on the base 52. A head connecting material 55 is fixed to the lower surface of the end joist (or side joist) 56 on the upper floor. As described above, the frame 10 includes the vertical frame 13, the upper frame 18, and the lower frame 19, and the interval between the upper frame 18 and the lower frame 19 is set within a range of about 1800 to about 3200 mm.

  The gypsum board 3 on the outdoor side is fixed to these frame constituent members 13, 18, 19 by a fixing tool 21. The fixture 21 is arranged with a spacing P1 of 150 mm or less (50 mm or more) with respect to the left and right vertical frames 13, upper frame 18 and lower frame 19, and 300 mm or less (100 mm or more) with respect to the central vertical frame 13. Are arranged at intervals of P2. In this example, the fixture 21 is a screw or screw having a nominal diameter of 3.8 mm and a nominal length of 32 mm, and is applied by an impact driver or an automatic screwdriver. In this example, the vertical frame 13, the upper frame 18, and the lower frame 19 are made of wood (square material) of 38 mm × 89 mm, and the vertical frame 13 is arranged at an interval of 500 mm or less (for example, an interval of 450 mm). .

  As a result of performing an in-plane shear test on such a wall, the experimental wall magnification was about 2.7. The safety factor obtained by multiplying the above-mentioned residual strength rate (0.94) by the safety factor (0.9) related to the workability of the face material is about 0.85. Therefore, the wall magnification ( Wall magnification = experiment wall magnification × safety factor) was about 2.3.

  Thus, in the wooden outer wall in which the gypsum board is directly fixed to the outdoor side surface of the frame 10, even though there is a fixed idea that a wall magnification of 2.0 or more cannot be achieved, actually, It has been found that high wall magnification values can be obtained. This means that the outer wall of the wooden load-bearing wall that effectively resists seismic force and the like can be constructed by directly attaching a gypsum board to the outdoor side surface of the frame 10, and thus the present invention. Has a very high practical or practical advantage.

  FIG. 5 is a front view showing a configuration in which the configuration of the load-bearing wall structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is applied to a wooden outer wall of a frame structure.

  In the wooden outer wall 1 ′ shown in FIG. 5, a base 62 is fixed to the upper surface of a reinforced concrete cloth foundation 61 by anchor bolts 63. The outer wall 1 ′ includes a base 62, a lower receiving member 64 fixed on the base 62, vertical pillars 65 and intermediate pillars 66 arranged at predetermined intervals on the base 62, and middle and upper ends of the pillars 65. It is generally composed of a horizontal tether (not shown) and a beam (or torso difference) 67 supported by the hose. The base 62, the lower receiving member 64, the column 65, the intermediary column 66, and the beam 67 constituting the shaft set are timber (square members) having a cross-section of members employed in a normal wooden building.

  The gypsum board 3 on the outdoor side is fixed to the lower receiving member 64, the column 65, the intermediate column 66, and the beam 67 by the fixture 21. For example, the fixture 21 is arranged with a spacing P1 of 150 mm or less (50 mm or more) with respect to the lower receiving member 64, the column 65 and the beam 67, and with a spacing P2 of 300 mm or less (100 mm or more) with respect to the spacer 66. Spaced apart. In this example, the fixture 21 is a screw or screw having a nominal diameter of 3.8 mm and a nominal length of 32 mm, and is applied by an impact driver or an automatic screwdriver.

  According to the present invention, a high wall magnification value of 2.0 or more can be obtained by the outer wall 1 ′ of such a frame structure, so that the wooden load bearing wall effectively resists seismic force and the like. The outer wall can be constructed by directly attaching a gypsum board to the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame. This is very advantageous from a practical or practical point of view.

  As described above, according to the experiments by the present inventors, the outdoor side plaster board 3 containing an appropriate amount of an organopolysiloxane compound as a proof strength deterioration preventing agent has an extremely high residual strength rate after deterioration treatment. With the frame or shaft and the gypsum plate on the outdoor side surface, it is possible to ensure a proof strength of a wall magnification of 2.0 or more against short-term horizontal loads.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made within the scope of the present invention described in the claims. It goes without saying that it is possible.

  For example, a reinforcing material such as a joint receiving material or a trunk connecting material may be disposed at an appropriate position of the shaft or frame in accordance with the size of the gypsum plate, and a seismic member such as a brace is further added to the shaft or frame. It is also possible to provide it.

  Further, the total water absorption rate of the gypsum board (measured by the measurement method defined in JIS A 6901) can be preferably set to 5% or less by appropriately imparting waterproofing to the gypsum board.

  The present invention is applied to a load-bearing wall structure of a wooden outer wall having a structure in which a face material is attached to an outdoor side surface of a wooden frame or a wooden shaft, and a method for constructing the same. According to the load-bearing wall structure of the wooden outer wall and the construction method thereof according to the present invention, the wall magnification is increased by fixing the gypsum-based face material or board material as the load-bearing face material to the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame or wooden frame. Since the proof strength performance of 0 or more can be given to the wooden outer wall, its practical effect is remarkable.

1, 1 'outer wall 3 plasterboard (outside side)
6 Moisture permeable waterproof sheet 7 Body edge material 8 Exterior finishing material 9 Mounting bracket 10 Frame 11 Interior surface material 13 Vertical frame 16 Moisture-proof sheet 18 Upper frame 19 Lower frame 21 Fixing tool

Claims (15)

In a wooden outer wall structure having a structure in which a face material is installed on the outdoor side surface of a wooden frame or wooden frame,
It has a gypsum board fixed as a load-bearing surface material on the outdoor side surface of a wooden frame member or wooden frame member,
The gypsum core portion of the gypsum plate contains an organopolysiloxane compound as a strength deterioration preventing agent for preventing the strength deterioration,
A wall body formed by fixing the gypsum plate as a load bearing surface to the frame or shaft group has a wall magnification of 2.0 or more as a strength of a wooden outer wall against a short-term horizontal load. Exterior wall structure.   The wooden outer wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the gypsum core portion of the gypsum plate further includes a fireproof reinforcing material in order to improve fire resistance of the outdoor side surface.   An exterior finishing material is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the gypsum plate via an exterior base material or a spacer member, a ventilation layer is formed between the gypsum plate and the exterior finishing material, and the moisture-proof sheet and the interior surface material are The wooden outer wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wooden outer wall structure is attached to an indoor side surface of the frame. The plaster plate, in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a moisture permeation resistance in the range of ^{0.8 × 10 -3 ~1.0 × 10 -3} m 2 · s · Pa / ng The wooden outer wall structure described. 5. The second gypsum board having a moisture permeability resistance value of 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng or less is laminated on the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board. The wooden outer wall structure according to claim 1.   The interval (P1) between the fixtures arranged at the outer edge of the gypsum plate is set to 50 mm or more and 150 mm or less, and the interval (P2) between the fixtures arranged at the center portion of the gypsum plate is 100 mm or more. The wooden outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wooden outer wall structure is set to 300 mm or less. In the construction method of a wooden outer wall having a structure in which a face material is constructed on the outdoor side surface of a wooden frame or wooden frame,
As a load-bearing face material, a gypsum board containing or containing an organopolysiloxane compound in the gypsum core as a strength deterioration preventing agent in order to secure a wall magnification of 2.0 or more as the strength of the wooden outer wall against short-term horizontal load A method for constructing a wooden outer wall, wherein the wooden frame member or the wooden frame member is fixed to an outdoor side surface.   The construction method according to claim 7, wherein a gypsum plate in which a fireproof reinforcing material is further mixed in the gypsum core portion is used as the load bearing surface material in order to improve the fire resistance of the outdoor side surface.   An exterior finish material is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the gypsum plate via an exterior base material or a spacer member, and a ventilation layer is formed between the gypsum plate and the exterior finish material. The construction method according to claim 7, wherein the construction method is attached to an indoor side surface of the frame. The construction method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a moisture permeability resistance value of the gypsum plate is 0.8 × 10 ^{-3 to} 1.0 × 10 ^-3 m ² · s · Pa / ng. . 11. The second gypsum board having a moisture permeability resistance value of 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ m ² · s · Pa / ng or less is laminated on the outdoor side surface of the gypsum board. The construction method described in 1.   The interval (P1) between the fixtures arranged at the outer edge of the gypsum board is set to 50 mm or more and 150 mm or less, and the interval (P2) between the fixtures arranged at the center part of the gypsum board is set to 100 mm or more and The construction method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the construction method is set to 300 mm or less. The wooden outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or the construction method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein a load bearing surface material is provided on an outdoor side surface of the wooden frame member or the wooden frame member. Gypsum board fixed as
The gypsum plate contains the anti-degradation agent in the gypsum core so that the residual strength rate that can be used as the load-bearing face material is exhibited after the deterioration treatment by the boiling method . The gypsum board according to claim 13, wherein the residual strength rate is 0.9 or more . 14. The wooden outer wall has a safety factor that can be adopted in a basic formula [wall magnification = experiment wall magnification × safety factor] for obtaining a wall magnification of a wooden structure wall, wherein the safety factor exceeds 0.8. Or the gypsum board of 14 .

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