JP2004076314A - Airtight structure of residence - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify construction work, and to prevent a hindrance to the work of a postprocess by using structural members for constituting a skeleton when forming an airtight layer on the indoor side of a building. <P>SOLUTION: The airtight layer is continued via the structural member by connecting the structural members including a beam 1, a column 2 and a floorslab 3 for constituting the skeleton of a residence and airtight heat insulating materials 4 and 5 arranged around the structural members by an airtight material composed of an airtight tape 10, a packing material 36, the heat insulating material of field foaming and a sealing material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an airtight structure of a house in which an airtight layer is made continuous by using a structural member constituting a skeleton.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a house, an airtight layer is generally formed on the indoor side of a building (for example, JP-A-2001-123551). In particular, in a house having a steel frame, the space formed between the columns and beams or the space formed between the beams forming the frame is filled with a heat insulating material, and the indoor side including the columns and beams is included. Is covered with an airtight sheet such as a polyethylene sheet to form a heat insulating layer and an airtight layer along the outer wall, roof, and ceiling of the building.
[0003]
The airtight layer formed along the indoor side of the building has a plurality of foundations arranged at predetermined intervals in the space formed between columns and columns, beams and beams, and nails and staples are placed on this foundation. It is configured by attaching an airtight sheet using the above method. Therefore, the airtight sheet is provided on the entire surface including the columns and beams on the indoor side.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When forming an airtight layer along the indoor side of a building as described above, it is necessary to install a plurality of foundations between the columns and beams that make up the skeleton. And the installation of airtight sheets on the entire indoor surface including the pillars and beams, which hinders the work of installing the base panel of the inner wall and the work of setting the base of the ceiling, which are the subsequent processes. There is a problem that it is easy to come.
[0005]
Also, when an airtight sheet is applied to form an airtight layer, it may be difficult to construct the airtight layer due to the complicated cross-section of the area, or to the area where wires such as electric wires and communication lines, pipes such as water and sewage pipes, and facilities penetrate There is a problem that it is difficult to treat the gap and it is difficult to keep the airtightness by connecting the penetrating portion and the airtight sheet when the wires and pipes are made to penetrate. In addition, it is necessary to attach an airtight sheet first at a joint between a column and a beam, which causes a problem that it takes time and effort.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide an airtight structure of a house which is easy to construct and does not hinder the work in a later step when forming an airtight layer using a structural member constituting a skeleton. .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the hermetic structure of a house according to the present invention is to connect a structural member constituting a skeleton of the house and a heat-insulating material having airtightness arranged around the structural member by an airtight material. The airtight layer is made continuous through the structural members.
[0008]
In the airtight structure of the house, an airtight heat insulating material is arranged around a structural member including columns and beams constituting a skeleton of the house, and the structural member and the airtight heat insulating material are airtight. By connecting with the airtight material, the structural member and the heat insulating material can be connected while ensuring airtightness. Therefore, it is possible to form a continuous airtight layer composed of pillars, beams, roofs, beams arranged along the ceiling and beams arranged along the outer wall and a heat insulating material on the indoor side of the building.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of an airtight structure according to the present invention will be described. The airtight structure of a house according to the present invention includes a structural member composed of columns, beams, and the like constituting a frame of the house, and a heat-insulating material arranged around these structural members (hereinafter simply referred to as a heat insulating material). Are connected by an airtight material to form a continuous airtight layer on the indoor side of the building.
[0010]
That is, the end face of the heat insulating material is brought into close proximity to or abut on the pillar or beam arranged along the outer wall to connect the two with the airtight material, and further, the end face of the heat insulating material is brought close to the beam arranged along the roof. Alternatively, they are brought into contact with each other and connected by an airtight material, thereby forming a continuous airtight layer on the indoor side of the building.
[0011]
In the house according to the present invention, on the indoor side surface of the outer wall, an airtight layer formed by continuously forming a heat insulating material and a structural member including columns and beams constituting the skeleton along the outer wall, and on the indoor side of the roof, An airtight layer is formed along the roof surface by continuously forming a heat insulating material and a structural member including a beam constituting a skeleton.
[0012]
As described above, by using the structural member constituting the skeleton as a structural member for forming the airtight layer, the structural member may act as a thermal bridge and hinder heat insulation. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure high heat insulation.
[0013]
For example, when the structural member is a column, a heat insulating material that is sufficiently wider than the width of the column is arranged between the column and the outer wall, and the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material arranged around the column are used. To form a continuous heat insulating layer. When the structural member is a beam, a heat insulating material is arranged along the indoor surface of the beam, and a continuous heat insulating layer is formed by connecting the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material arranged around the pillar. Is preferred.
[0014]
In particular, in the case of a beam arranged between stories, such as a beam arranged between the first floor and the second floor, a heat insulating material is arranged along a web constituting the beam, and the heat insulating material and the beam are arranged. Are connected by an airtight material, it is possible to form a continuous heat insulating layer having high heat insulating properties. That is, it is preferable to form a continuous heat insulating layer on the outer wall side of the structural member or on the indoor side. Further, when higher heat insulating properties are required, it is preferable to cover the flange constituting the beam with a heat insulating material.
[0015]
By connecting the structural members constituting the skeleton and the heat insulating material disposed around the structural members with an airtight material as described above, it is possible to realize a house having high airtightness and heat insulation. is there.
[0016]
In the present invention, the structural members constituting the skeleton of the house include columns made of square pipes, beams made of H-section steel, frame materials such as stairs, and opening frames forming openings such as windows and doors. , A foundation, a floor slab, or a floor base material fixed to the floor slab. Therefore, the material constituting the structural member ranges from steel, mainly shaped steel, concrete, mortar, wood, and the like.
[0017]
As for the structural member as described above, steel or concrete as a material retains a sufficiently high airtightness, and by connecting an airtight heat insulating material through a structural member made of these materials, high reliability is achieved. It is possible to form an airtight layer having In particular, when the structural member is a steel frame constituting the skeleton, and is a hermetic tape having an adhesive property as an airtight material, the steel frame has good adhesiveness and can maintain the adhesion of the hermetic tape in a stable state, and It is very preferable because there is no dimensional deviation due to the aging change such as wood and no gap is formed which has a significant effect on airtightness.
[0018]
When a heat insulating material arranged around the structural member is connected to the structural member, it is not limited which surface of the structural member is used. Generally, in the case of a pillar, it is a vertical side surface, and in the case of a beam, it is a horizontal flange surface and a web surface.
[0019]
The material of the heat-insulating material having airtightness is not particularly limited, and it is necessary to consider the relationship with the airtight material used when connected to the structural member. For example, when the airtight material is a packing material having elasticity, it is necessary to arrange the airtight material at a predetermined position on the structural member and to press the heat insulating material against the packing material. In this case, the heat insulating material needs to have an appropriate hardness and a sufficiently high air-tightness and heat insulating property so as to be able to maintain the pressed state for a long time. As such a heat insulating material, there is a hard plastic heat insulating material including a molded article or a foam such as a rigid urethane foam, an extruded expanded polystyrene or a phenol resin foam, and any of them can be used.
[0020]
When the airtight material is an airtight tape formed by applying an adhesive or a sticky material to one surface of a metal film or a synthetic resin film, the heat insulating material does not necessarily need to have high hardness. However, as such a heat insulating material, a hard plastic-based heat insulating material including a molded product or a foam such as a rigid urethane foam, an extruded expanded polystyrene, or a phenol resin foam can be selectively used.
[0021]
For example, in the case of rigid urethane foam or extruded expanded polystyrene, by selecting the thickness, it is possible to exhibit sufficient heat insulating performance and airtightness as a house, and to make the airtightness by pressing against an elastic packing material. It has hardness enough to exert.
[0022]
However, rigid urethane foam has problems such as deterioration of heat insulation performance over time, flammability during fire and generation of toxic gas, and foamed polystyrene has poor chemical resistance. It also has problems of being limited and easily flammable.
[0023]
As a heat insulating material made of a phenolic resin foam, there is a technology (Neomafoam (registered trademark)) developed by the present applicant and already filed in an international application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-558158), and can be preferably used as a heat insulating material. And can be preferably used as an airtight material.
[0024]
The phenolic resin foam according to the above technique has a density of 10 kg / m having a phenolic resin base portion and a cell portion formed from a large number of fine cells. ³ ~ 100kg / m ³ Wherein the fine cells contain hydrocarbons, the average cell diameter is in the range of 5 μm to 200 μm, and the cell walls of most of the fine cells are formed of a smooth phenol resin substrate surface. And, despite the fact that the foaming agent is a hydrocarbon, it has a thermal conductivity comparable to that of the conventional CFC-based foaming agent, and there is no change over time in the thermal conductivity, and the mechanical strength such as compressive strength is improved. Excellent, brittleness is improved.
[0025]
The phenolic resin foam has high heat insulating properties and airtightness, and has properties capable of maintaining these properties for a long period of time. The heat insulating property of the phenolic resin foam can be ensured by keeping the cell diameter in the range of 5 μm to 200 μm, preferably as small as 10 μm to 150 μm, and maintaining the closed cell ratio as high as 80% or more. Further, the phenolic resin foam has high combustion resistance, and does not ignite and generate no gas due to the carbonization of the surface when a flame acts.
[0026]
For example, the density of the phenolic resin foam is 27 kg / m ³ , The thermal conductivity at 20 ° C. is 0.02 W / m · K, and the compressive strength is 15 N / cm. ² The heat distortion temperature is 200 ° C. The performance of the above-mentioned phenolic resin foam was as follows: extruded foamed polystyrene was 3 kinds, heat conductivity: 0.028 W / m · K, compressive strength: 20 N / cm ² 80 ° C., and two types of rigid urethane foam have a thermal conductivity of 0.024 W / m · K, a compressive strength of 8 N / cm. ² , Thermal deformation temperature; sufficiently higher performance than 100 ° C.
[0027]
Therefore, a heat insulating material made of a phenolic resin foam can exhibit substantially the same heat insulating performance with a thickness of about 2/3 that of a conventional extruded expanded polystyrene or rigid urethane foam.
[0028]
Further, since the phenol resin foam is a relatively brittle material, it is common to provide a protective layer made of kraft paper or nonwoven fabric on at least one side. In particular, the phenolic resin foam laminate disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-198332, which has been developed and filed by the present applicant, has improved adhesive performance by improving the nonwoven fabric forming the protective layer. The nonwoven fabric improves the strength of the phenolic resin foam, and is provided as a building heat insulating material having excellent strength and heat insulating properties.
[0029]
As described above, the heat insulating material composed of the laminated plate in which the protective layers are provided on the front and back surfaces of the phenol resin foam has an end face (small face) in which the phenol resin substrate surface is exposed. For this reason, it is possible to attach an adhesive tape or an adhesive sheet on the front and back surfaces using a non-woven fabric constituting the protective layer, but the fore-edge surface is to be adhered to other members compared to the front and back surfaces. Is difficult.
[0030]
In the case of a heat insulating material in which a protective layer made of a nonwoven fabric is provided on the front and back surfaces of a phenol resin foam, the brittleness is improved, and the bending strength and the tensile strength are improved. For this reason, when it arrange | positions in the place where a width | variety is narrow, it becomes independent, and it is possible to fully exhibit the function as a heat insulating material and an airtight material. In particular, when it is arranged in a narrow place with a width of about 1 m, the end face can be in contact with the packing material and stand alone to be effective.
[0031]
There is no particular limitation on the material as an airtight material that connects the structural member and the heat insulating material disposed around the structural member. That is, any material having a function of connecting the structural member and the heat insulating material while maintaining the airtightness can be used. As such an airtight material, a packing material having appropriate elasticity, a metal film, There are airtight tapes formed by applying an adhesive or adhesive to one side of a metal sheet, or a synthetic resin film or a synthetic resin sheet, and the size, area, or shape of the connection portion between the structural member and the heat insulating material, respectively. It is preferable to select according to conditions such as.
[0032]
For example, it is necessary that the packing material has elasticity and airtightness, and can be fixed to a structural member with sufficient strength. Any packing can be used as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned conditions, and the material and shape are not limited. As such a packing material, a hollow material made of EPDM rubber is provided, and this packing material can be preferably used.
[0033]
In the case where the above-mentioned packing material is used, this packing material is fixed in advance at a small face of the heat insulating material or at a position facing the heat insulating material of the structural member. In general, hard plastic heat insulating materials such as the above-mentioned hard urethane foam, extruded expanded polystyrene, or phenol resin foam have few preferable adhesive properties. For this reason, it is preferable that the packing material is fixed to the structural member in advance. That is, when the structural member is a pillar, the packing material is fixed on the side surface of the pillar mounted upright between the beams, corresponding to the position of the heat insulating material rising up relative to the pillar. I have.
[0034]
When the packing material is fixed to the structural member, the method of fixing the packing material is not limited, but may be any of a mechanical method using a screw or the like, a bonding method, and the like. It is preferable to select and perform the work appropriately in consideration of conditions such as the material and shape of the material.
[0035]
For example, when the structural member is a steel material and the packing material is a hollow member made of EPDM rubber, it is possible to fix them by bonding them with an adhesive. In this case, it is preferable to use a butyl rubber adhesive as the adhesive.
[0036]
As described above, when the heat insulating material and the structural member are connected via the packing material, the force acting in the in-plane direction of the heat insulating material is the force of the packing material generated when the heat insulating material is pressed against the packing material. It becomes repulsive force. For this reason, it is preferable that the columns, which allow the heat insulating material and the structural member to be continuous, and the dimensions between the columns are not so large.
[0037]
In addition, an airtight tape formed by applying an adhesive or an adhesive to one surface of a metal film or a metal sheet, or a synthetic resin film or a synthetic resin sheet has high airtightness, and high flexibility and strength. And easy handling. For this reason, it is possible to use any connection portion between the structural member and the heat insulating material, except for a portion where the hand of an operator is not accessible, and it has high compatibility.
[0038]
As the airtight material, there is a urethane-based heat insulating material foamed on site. This heat insulating material connects the structural member and the heat insulating material while maintaining the airtightness by spraying the undiluted solution at the intersection of the structural member and the heat insulating material arranged around the structural member to foam the liquid. It is. For this reason, when connecting a heat insulating material to a structural member with a special cross-sectional shape, it maintains airtightness and heat insulating properties regardless of the conditions such as the shape and dimensions of the connection part between them. It is possible to connect.
[0039]
Further, a sealing material can be used as the airtight material. This sealing material is formed as a rubber-based or synthetic resin-based irregular material, and has a function of maintaining airtightness by being extruded into a gap formed between a structural member and a small surface of a heat insulating material. Have This sealing material is advantageously used when connecting insulation materials arranged around structural members such as foundations or floor slabs made of concrete or mortar. In this case, it is preferable that the heat insulating material is fixed to the skeleton or another member at an end portion other than the end portion that is close to or in contact with the structural member.
[0040]
In the case where the surface of the structural member has irregularities (for example, a leg formed on a pillar or a support member for supporting a floor panel formed on a beam), the uneven surface is smoothed. It is preferable to use a base material for performing the process and a base material for simplifying the cross-sectional shape including the concave and convex portions. Such a base material is also included in the hermetic material of the present invention.
[0041]
Next, a preferred embodiment of the airtight structure will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the airtight structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the heat insulating material disposed along the outer wall, the heat insulating material disposed along the roof, and the beam. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the beams and the heat insulating material between the layers. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the heat insulating material arranged along the roof and the columns and beams. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the heat insulating material and the beams arranged along the roof. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the heat insulating material arranged along the outer wall and the floor. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the heat insulating material and the columns arranged along the outer wall.
[0042]
The skeleton of the house is configured to include beams 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, columns 2 shown in FIG. 7, floor slabs 3 shown in FIG. 6, foundations and stairs not shown, and the like. Insulating materials 4 and 5 are arranged around these beams 1, columns 2, floor slabs 3, foundations, stairs, and the like, and are connected to each other while maintaining airtightness using an optimal airtight material. An airtight layer having thermal insulation along the outer wall and the roof is formed on the indoor side of the building.
[0043]
In the present embodiment, a laminate of a phenol resin foam having a thickness of about 25 mm formed of a nonwoven fabric made of a synthetic resin fiber is used as the heat insulating material 4 mainly disposed along the outer wall, As the heat insulating material 5 mainly arranged along the roof, a laminate of a phenolic resin foam having a thickness of about 40 mm and having the same configuration as the heat insulating material is used.
[0044]
As described above, the thicknesses of the heat insulating materials 4 and 5 are sufficiently smaller than the dimensions of the flange 1 a and the web 1 b of the beam 1 serving as a structural member constituting the skeleton and the thickness of the column 2. Therefore, it is possible to set the facing positions of the heat insulating materials 4 and 5 with respect to the beam 1 and the column 2 to desired positions, and the space in the wall and the space in the ceiling within the range of the thickness of the beam 1 and the column 2. Can be selected. For this reason, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom when installing electric wires and pipes in a wall or a ceiling.
[0045]
First, a structure for connecting a beam 1 as a structural member disposed between a lower floor and an upper floor, and heat insulating materials 4 and 5 disposed around a beam 1 as a structural member disposed along a roof is illustrated. This will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0046]
An outer wall material is attached to the beam 1 arranged at the outer periphery of the building, and a roof material is attached to the beam 1 arranged at the top of the building. In this embodiment, an outer wall panel 6 made of a lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) panel for the outer wall is used for the outer wall, and a hardware such as a self-weight receiving bracket or a notch plate (not shown) in which the plurality of outer wall panels 6 are attached to the beam 1 is used. The outer wall is constructed by continuously attaching with the use of. A roof panel 7 made of ALC panels for the roof is used for the roof, and the roof is constructed by laying a plurality of roof panels 7 on the upper part of the beam 1 and attaching them using mounting hardware or reinforcing bars (not shown). ing.
[0047]
The above-mentioned ALC panel can be preferably used as the outer wall panel 6 because of its light weight and high heat insulation performance. In particular, by using an ALC panel on the outer wall and forming an air layer on the indoor side, it is possible to exhibit high heat insulating performance, prevent the resonance transmission phenomenon, and improve the sound insulation performance. It also has an effect.
[0048]
The heat insulating material 4 is arranged along the indoor side surface of the outer wall panel 6, and is provided to the outer wall panel 6 through a thin heat insulating material 8 disposed between the outer wall panel 6 and the outer wall panel 6, as shown in FIG. Fixed. Therefore, a gap 9 is formed between the outer wall panel 6 and the heat insulating material 4, and the gap 9 is configured to function as an air layer from under the floor to the attic space.
[0049]
The heat insulating material 4 arranged along the outer wall panel 6 is fixed to the outer wall panel 6 via the heat insulating material 8, and the heat insulating material 4 itself has airtightness, so that it is not necessary to construct an airtight sheet as in the related art. As will be described later, the work of attaching the wood base panel 16 after the heat insulating material 4 is installed becomes easy.
[0050]
The length of the heat insulating material 4 is formed to be equal to the length of the space in which the heat insulating material is arranged, and the upper and lower ends are formed so as to be connected to the beam 1 and the floor slab 3 which are structural members, respectively. Therefore, when the heat insulating material 4 is arranged along the outer wall panel 6 and fixed to the outer wall panel 6, the vertical end face (small face) approaches or abuts the lower flange 1 a of the beam 1 and the floor slab 3, respectively. .
[0051]
The edge surface of the heat insulating material 4 is maintained at a position substantially orthogonal to the flange 1a by being arranged around the lower flange 1a of the beam 1 and the small face of the heat insulating material 4 approaching or abutting on the flange 1a. I do. For this reason, as shown in the figure, an airtight tape 10 is attached to the intersection between the end surface of the heat insulating material 4 and the flange 4a to close the crossing, thereby keeping the heat insulating material 4 and the beam 1 airtight. It is possible to make it continuous.
[0052]
A plurality of roof panels 7 are laid and fixed on the beam 1 disposed at the top of the building, and the roof panels 7 constitute a roof slab. In the space defined by the adjacent beams 1, a heat insulating material 5 for a roof is arranged. That is, the heat insulating material 5 is arranged around the beam 1 constituting the skeleton.
[0053]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a plurality of wooden substrates 11 are attached to the web 1b of the beam 1 at predetermined intervals, and a heat insulating material 5 is fixed to the lower surface side of the wooden substrate 11 with nails or screws. Is fixed by the tool. Then, when a predetermined number of heat insulating materials 5 are arranged and fixed to the wooden base 11, the small face of the heat insulating material 5 adjacent to the beam 1 approaches or comes into contact with the web 1b.
[0054]
When the front surface of the heat insulating material 5 approaches or abuts on the web 1b of the beam 1, the end surface of the heat insulating material 5 intersects the web 1b substantially orthogonally. For this reason, by attaching airtight tape 10 to the intersection between the end surface of the heat insulating material 5 and the web 1b and closing the crossing, it is possible to keep the heat insulating material 5 and the beam 1 continuous while maintaining the airtightness. It is possible.
[0055]
As described above, the intersection with the heat insulating material 4 close to or in contact with the lower flange 1a of the beam 1 is closed with the airtight tape 10, and the intersection with the heat insulating material 5 near or in contact with the web 1b is sealed with the airtight tape. By closing with 10, it is possible to form a continuous airtight layer by connecting the heat insulating materials 4 and 5 arranged around the beam 1 while maintaining airtightness.
[0056]
However, there is no guarantee that the lower flange 1a and the web 1b of the beam 1 will be covered with the heat insulating material, and there is a possibility that the beam 1 may become a thermal bridge, and as shown in FIG. When 1c is formed, airtightness cannot be maintained unless the hole 1c is closed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 (a), in the beam 1 disposed between the lower floor and the upper floor, the hole 1c is closed by adding a relatively thin heat insulating material 12 to the web 1b. By adhering the heat insulating material 12 with the airtight tape 10, it is possible to close the hole 1c formed in the flange 1a and the web 1b, maintain airtightness, and secure heat insulating property.
[0057]
Further, when a higher heat insulating property is required, as shown in FIG. 3B, a protective material 13 having heat insulating property is attached to the flange 1a, and the protective material 13 is connected to the heat insulating materials 4 and 12. By covering the indoor surface of the beam 1 with the heat insulating materials 4, 12 and the protective material 13, it is possible to form a continuous airtight layer and a heat insulating layer around the beam 1.
[0058]
When the heat insulating material 5 is attached between the beams 1 arranged along the roof panel 7, a space is formed between the indoor surface 5a of the heat insulating material 5 and the lower flange 1a of the beam 1. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 4, a heat insulating material 12 is attached to a portion of the web 1b corresponding to the space, and an airtight seal is provided at an intersection between the indoor surface of the heat insulating material 12 and the heat insulating material 5. By attaching the tape 10 and attaching a protective material 14 having heat insulating property to the flange 1 a and connecting the protective material 14 to the heat insulating materials 4 and 5, the indoor surface of the beam 1 is heated by the heat insulating materials 4 and 12 and By covering with the protective material 13, it is possible to close the hole 1c and secure airtightness, and to form a continuous airtight layer and a heat insulating layer around the beam 1.
[0059]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in the beam 1 disposed at a position separated from the outer wall, protective materials 15 having heat insulating properties are attached to both sides of the flange 1a, and the protective materials 15 are attached to the heat insulating material 5 and the opposing protective material. 15, the beam 1 is covered with the heat insulating material 5 and the protective material 15, so that a continuous airtight layer and a heat insulating layer can be formed around the beam 1.
[0060]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 16 denotes a wooden base panel for attaching an interior base 17 such as a gypsum board, which is fixed to the heat insulating material 4 via a fixing hardware 18 and a wooden base 19. Reference numeral 20 denotes a ceiling base fixed to the upper end of the wooden base panel 16, and a ceiling interior material 21 such as a gypsum board is attached to a lower surface.
[0061]
Next, a configuration in which a heat insulating material 4 arranged around the floor slab 3 is connected to the floor slab 3 which is a structural member constituting the skeleton will be described with reference to FIG.
[0062]
FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which the floor slab 3 on the first floor and the heat insulating material 4 are connected, and FIG. 6B illustrates a connection between the floor slab 3 on the second floor or higher and the heat insulating material 4. FIG. In each of the drawings, the floor slab 3 uses a floor panel 25 made of an ALC panel for the floor, and is configured by laying and fixing a plurality of floor panels 25 on a foundation beam (not shown). Mortar 26 is filled in the gap formed between outer wall panel 6 and floor panel 25.
[0063]
As shown in FIG. 1A, a heat insulating material 4 arranged along the outer wall panel 6 is located on the upper surface (the indoor surface) of the floor slab 3 on the first floor and along the outer wall panel 6. The lower foreface is close to or abutting. Further, a plywood 27 is installed along the wooden base panel 16 at a position where the wooden base panel 16 is installed inside the heat insulating material 4, and the floor slab 3 corresponding to the indoor side of the plywood 27 covers substantially the entire surface. A relatively thin insulation 29 is laid.
[0064]
Therefore, the heat insulating material 4 and the plywood 27 arranged along the outer wall panel 6 intersect with each other so that their surfaces are orthogonal to each other, and the surfaces of the plywood 27 and the heat insulating material 29 are arranged in the same plane. By attaching the airtight tape 10 to the joint between the heat insulating material 4 and the plywood 27 and between the plywood 27 and the heat insulating material 29, each seam is closed to maintain airtightness.
[0065]
In the floor slab 3 on the first floor configured as described above, the heat insulating material 4 arranged along the outer wall panel 6 and the plywood 27 arranged on the floor slab 3 are connected with the airtight tape 10 while maintaining the airtightness, Furthermore, since the plywood 27 and the heat insulating material 29 arranged on the floor slab 3 are connected while maintaining the airtightness of the joints with the airtight tape 10, they are arranged along the floor on the first floor and the outer wall panel 6 on the first floor. The heat insulating material 4 can be formed as a continuous airtight layer.
[0066]
In FIG. 2B, a heat insulating material 4 is disposed along the outer wall panel 6 and has a fore-edge surface close to or in contact with a floor panel 25 constituting the floor slab 3. The self-leveling material 30 is installed on the upper surface of the floor slab 3, and the heat insulating material 4 and the floor panel 25 are connected with the self-leveling material 30 while maintaining airtightness.
[0067]
As described above, when the beams 1 constituting the skeleton and the plywood 27 constituting the floor are connected while maintaining the airtightness, since the intersections thereof are exposed toward a relatively large space, the airtight tape 10 is required. It is possible to easily connect by using.
[0068]
In the above embodiment, the finishing specifications of the floor slab 3 on the first floor and the floor slab 3 on the second floor or higher are different, but the present invention is not limited to this finishing specification. 30 may be constructed. However, even in this case, a relatively thin heat insulating material 29 is laid on the upper surface of the self-leveling material 30 and connected to the heat insulating material 4 arranged along the outer wall panel 6, and the airtight tape 10 is connected to both seams. It is possible to secure airtightness by sticking.
[0069]
When the legs of the column 2 are formed in a shape having irregularities and the legs are exposed from the mortar 26, the periphery of the legs is closed with an airtight base material (not shown). It is possible to form a continuous airtight layer by attaching and closing the seam between the airtight base material and the heat insulating material 4 and the seam between the airtight base material and the plywood 27 or the self-leveling material 30 with the airtight tape 10. is there.
[0070]
Next, a description will be given of a configuration for connecting the column 2 on which the seismic element is attached and the heat insulating material 4 arranged around the column 2 as described above with reference to FIG. In the figure, nobody is attached to one side surface 2a of the pillar 2, and an anti-seismic element 35 is attached to the other side surface 2b.
[0071]
The small face of the heat insulating material 4 arranged along the outer wall panel 6 is close to or in contact with the side surface 2a of the pillar 2, and the side surface 2a and the end surface of the heat insulating material 4 intersect at right angles. Therefore, this state is the same as the connection of the heat insulating material 4 to the lower flange 1a of the beam 1, and the airtight tape 10 is attached to the intersection of the side surface 2a of the column 2 and the heat insulating material 4 to close the airtight. It is possible to keep the connection.
[0072]
An air-tight packing material 36 is fixed to the side surface 2b of the column 2 in advance, and the small face of the heat insulating material 4 is pressed against the packing material 36, and the heat generated at this time holds the heat insulating material 4. . The packing material 36 is formed as a hollow member having elasticity and high airtightness made of EPDM rubber, and is deformed when the heat insulating material 4 is pressed, and the force at this time acts as a holding force for the heat insulating material 4. And it is possible.
[0073]
As described above, even when the heat insulating material 4 is connected to the side surface 2b of the column 2 via the packing material 36, the packing material 36 has sufficient airtightness and the heat insulating material 4 is pressed against the packing material 36. Therefore, it is possible to exhibit high airtightness.
[0074]
Further, the end of the heat insulating material 4 comes into contact with the heat insulating material 8 arranged on the inner surface of the outer wall panel 6, so that the heat insulating function can be continued. In particular, in a state in which the small surface of the heat insulating material 4 is pressed against the packing material 36, the end is brought into contact with the heat insulating material 8 and a screw or the like (not shown) is driven through a plywood 19 disposed on the indoor side of the heat insulating material 4. Thus, it is preferable to fix to the outer wall panel 6 via the heat insulating material 8. By fixing the heat insulating material 4 to the ALC panel 2 via the heat insulating material 7 by using the screws in this way, the heat insulating materials 4 and 8 can be continuous around the column 2, thereby achieving high heat insulating properties. It is possible to maintain airtightness.
[0075]
Further, for example, in a case where the packing material 36 cannot be fixed to the side surface 2b of the beam 1, the in-situ foaming heat insulating agent is applied to the intersection with the small side surface of the heat insulating material 4 close to or in contact with the side surface 36. By spraying and foaming, it is possible to close the intersection and maintain airtightness for connection.
[0076]
Further, when trying to directly connect the heat insulating material 4 to the foundation (not shown), which is a constituent member of the skeleton, by approaching or approaching it, the airtight tape may not be able to adhere to the concrete surface. In this case, by filling a gap formed between the surface of the foundation and the small face of the heat insulating material 4 with a sealing material, it is possible to close the gap and maintain the airtightness for connection.
[0077]
As described above, the breaking members 4 and 5 disposed around the beams 1 and the pillars 2 and the floor slabs 3 serving as structural members constituting the skeleton of the house are sealed with the hermetic tape 10, the packing material 36, the heat-insulating material foamed on site, and the like. By connecting using a sealing material, it is possible to form an airtight layer over the entire circumference on the indoor side of the building.
[0078]
Furthermore, by providing the heat insulating materials 28 and 29 on the upper surface of the floor slab 3 constituting the first floor, it is possible to form a heat insulating layer over the entire circumference on the indoor side of the building. That is, in the house of the present embodiment, it is possible to form a continuous airtight layer and to form a heat insulating layer by using the structural members constituting the skeleton.
[0079]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, in the hermetic structure of a house according to the present invention, a heat insulating material having airtightness is arranged around a structural member including columns and beams constituting a skeleton of the house, and the hermeticity of the structural member is improved. The structural member and the heat insulating material can be connected to each other with the air tightness secured by connecting the heat insulating material with the heat insulating material having the air tightness. For this reason, a continuous airtight layer can be formed on the indoor side of the building along the roof, along the outer wall, and further along the floor slab.
[0080]
By using the structural member constituting the skeleton as a member for forming the airtight layer, the position of the heat insulating material facing the structural member can be freely set, for example, due to the beam and the thickness of the column. You can select the space dimensions of the wall and ceiling with. For this reason, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom when installing electric wires and pipes in a wall or a ceiling.
[0081]
Since a heat-insulating material having airtightness is connected to the structural member to form an airtight layer, a conventional airtight sheet is not required, and therefore, the work for forming the airtight layer is simple, and the wooden substrate is a post-process. It does not hinder the construction of panels, etc.
[0082]
By using a hard plastic heat insulating material containing a phenolic resin foam as the heat insulating material, the heat insulating performance can be exhibited in accordance with the airtight performance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an airtight structure according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between a heat insulating material disposed along an outer wall, a heat insulating material disposed along a roof, and a beam.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between beams and heat insulating materials between layers.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a heat insulating material arranged along a roof and beams and columns.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a heat insulating material and beams arranged along a roof.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a heat insulating material disposed along an outer wall and a floor.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a heat insulating material and columns arranged along an outer wall.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 beam
1a Flange
1b Web
1c hole
2 pillars
2a, 2b side view
3 floor slab
4,5 insulation
6. Exterior wall panels
7 Roof panel
8,12,29 Insulation material
9 gap
10 airtight tape
11 wood foundation
13-15 Protective material
16 wood base panel
17 Interior base
18 Fixed hardware
19 wood foundation
20 Ceiling base
21 Ceiling interior materials
25 floor panels
26 mortar
27 plywood
30 Self-leveling material
35 Seismic elements
36 Packing material

Claims (1)

A house characterized by connecting an airtight layer through a structural member by connecting a structural member forming a skeleton of the house and an airtight heat insulating material disposed around the structural member by the airtight material. Airtight structure.

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