JP2588808Y2 - Multifunctional structural panel - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a multifunctional structural panel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a wooden building or the like, a heat insulating material made of a foamed synthetic resin or the like is widely used in order to enhance the airtightness and heat insulating property inside the building.

On the other hand, from the viewpoint of simplifying the work of constructing a wooden building, a panel made by joining a plate or the like to both sides of a heat insulating material has been developed and put into practical use. Such panels, when formed especially to have a predetermined strength on both sides of the plate, conventionally required pillars, walls without using the structural member of wooden buildings, such as joists, this building a floor surface or the like
Door can be.

Further, according to the method using such a panel, not only these structural members can be omitted, but also the assembling is easy and large-scale technical skills are almost unnecessary, and the working period can be shortened. There is an advantage that cost can be reduced by production.

FIG. 6 shows such a conventional multifunctional structural panel. This panel 1 has a heat insulating material 2 made of expanded polystyrene as a core material, and plate materials 3 having predetermined strength are stuck on both surfaces thereof.

In order to match the panels 1 with each other, as shown in FIG. 7, the ends are abutted with each other, and the sub-plates 4, 4 are inserted into the gaps of the heat insulating material 2 so that the two panels 1 and 1 are joined. The space is joined with nails.

[0007]

However, when such a panel 1 is incorporated in a building, there are the following problems.

[0008] That is, in winter and the like, the indoor side is higher in temperature and humidity than the outdoor side. Therefore, the water vapor on the indoor side tends to be radiated outward through the inner plate 3 '. That is, the water vapor may pass through the plywood 3 ′ and enter the heat insulating material 2.

However, if water vapor enters the heat insulating material 2 as described above, water vapor will condense on the contact surface between the heat insulating material 2 and the outer plate 3 when the temperature is cooled at night. There's a problem.

In particular, such a phenomenon tends to occur when the moisture resistance of the plate 3 is larger than that of the heat insulating material 2. But,
In the conventional panel 1, when selecting the material of the panel constituting member, the current state is that the magnitude of the moisture permeability resistance is not sufficiently considered.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can reliably prevent dew condensation in a panel regardless of the selection of a material for a panel component such as a structural plate, and can maintain an appropriate heat insulating effect for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a structural multifunctional panel suitable as a constituent material for walls, floors, roofs, and the like.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention for achieving the above object comprises a plate-like heat insulating material made of synthetic resin foam, and a structural plate attached to both sides of the heat insulating material. A ceiling or floor that can bear a load by itself by constructing a wall of a self-supporting building by arranging its edges against each other, and by arranging the edges on the wall of the building with its edges butting against each other In the multifunctional structural panel, a plurality of small holes are formed in one of the structural plate materials on the side arranged outside the building, and the one structural plywood and the heat insulating A ventilation layer is formed between the building and the building, and the ventilation of the structural plate placed inside the building is
The moisture resistance is P ₁ , the moisture resistance of the insulation is P ₂ , and it is located outside the building.
The moisture permeation resistance of the structural plate member which is location is taken as P _3, this
It is characterized in that these permeable moisture resistance is set to be _{P 1> P 2> P 3} .

[0013]

According to the above construction, since the ventilation layer is formed between the structural plate material and the heat insulating material disposed outside the building, even if water vapor enters the panel plate material from the room side. , When the water vapor reaches the outer plate,
Part of the water vapor is guided upward through the ventilation layer and is emitted outside the building. In addition, part of the water vapor is radiated outside the building through the small holes.

Therefore, water vapor does not stay in the heat insulating material, and dew condensation in the heat insulating material can be reliably prevented. Therefore, even when the magnitude of the moisture permeability resistance of the panel components is not taken into account, there is no risk of dew condensation within the panel, thereby contributing to the provision of a highly airtight and highly insulated building. Can be.

[0015] Also, this panel can itself be a wall, a floor,
When used as a wall panel, for example, as a structural material for roofs, structural members such as columns and studs are not required,
Carpentry skills can be almost eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.

Also, a free design is possible by combining the panels.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a multi-function panel 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The multifunctional panel 10 is made of a plate-like heat insulating material 1.
1 and rectangular structural plates 12 and 13 attached to both surfaces of a heat insulating material 11. The plate-shaped heat insulating material 11 is made of a synthetic foamed resin such as foamed polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, and foamed polypropylene.

As another heat insulating material having a predetermined heat insulating performance, for example, a quasi-incombustible or higher material made of a vinyl chloride resin containing an inorganic filler or a foam containing a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin as a main component. There is a heat insulator composed of: In this case, there is an advantage that not only heat insulation performance but also fire resistance performance and light weight are excellent. Further, as other heat insulating materials, for example, acrylic resin, chlorinated vinyl,
A heat insulating material formed of a phenol resin or the like may be used. The point is that any synthetic resin having heat insulation performance may be used, and the material is not limited at all. The expansion ratio is arbitrary.

As shown in FIG. 1, predetermined gaps S, S are formed in the upper and lower portions of the panel 10 in a state of being erected in the longitudinal direction. That is, the length of the heat insulating material 11 in the longitudinal direction is set shorter than those of the structural plates 12 and 13.
On the other hand, the protrusions 2 are provided on one surface of the heat insulating material 11 at predetermined intervals.
1 is formed. As a result, a ventilation layer A that is continuous in the vertical and horizontal directions is formed on one surface of the panel 10, and air can freely flow through the ventilation layer A.

In the state where the panel 10 is erected, recesses 14 are formed in the lateral end face of the heat insulating material 11 for inserting a sub-plate later, whereby the end face is formed in a convex shape. ing.

The structural plates 12 and 13 are made of the same material, and are made of, for example, a structural plywood such as a chip board or a wafer board.
These have a predetermined thickness. Further, another material may be used, and the material is not limited at all.

The structural plate 12 facing the projection 21 includes
A plurality of small holes 22 which do not lose the strength of the plate member 12 are formed on substantially the entire surface with a predetermined gap. The structural plate member 12 in which the plurality of small holes 22 are formed is disposed outside the building.

The moisture permeability resistance of the structural plate 13 is represented by P ₁ ,
When the moisture permeation resistance of the heat insulating material 11 and P _2, a moisture permeation resistance of the structural plate member 12 and P _3, it may previously material is selected to be _{P 1> P 2> P 3} . By setting the moisture permeation resistance in this way, not only does water vapor hardly penetrate into the panel 10, but even if it does, water vapor can be naturally guided to the outside.

A plurality of panels 10 formed in this way are prepared, and can be used as a wall panel, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, the floor material 16 is arranged on the foundation 15. This flooring 16 may also be constructed from the panel 10.

Further, the lower frame 17 is hit on the upper portion of the floor material 16 with a nail or the like. The lower frame 17 is formed of a long object that fits into a gap S provided above and below the panel 10.

After hitting such a lower frame 17, the panel 10 is sandwiched with its lower portion in the lower frame 17, and is positioned and erected. At this time, the structural plate 12 having the small holes 22 and the ventilation layer A is disposed outside the room, and the other structural plate 13 is disposed inside the room.

When one panel 10 is placed in this manner, a structural adhesive is applied to the entire joint surface between this panel 10 and the adjacent panel 10, and further, as shown in FIG. The plates 18,18 are inserted into the recesses 14,14. Next, the nails 20 are attached to the panels 10 and 10 as shown in FIG.
At predetermined intervals to join the panels.

The sub-plates 18, 18 and the structural plate 12,
13 may be applied with a structural adhesive. Thus, the panel 10 and the adjacent panel 10 are arranged side by side,
A wall that can bear the load by itself is being constructed.

Next, as shown in FIG.
The upper frame 19 of a long object is spread over the upper part of the frame like the lower frame 17. Thereby, a wall united with the lower frame 17 and the upper frame 19 is constructed around the building.

As described above, when the panel 10 is used upright as a wall panel, the compressive force in the vertical direction can be borne by the structural plates 12 and 13 on both sides. Therefore, by using the panel 10 of this embodiment, it is possible to construct a wall having a predetermined strength without using structural members such as pillars, studs, and braces.

Therefore, the building can be constructed with less resources, and the workability and productivity for constructing the wooden building are improved. When a window or the like is installed, a notch may be formed in a predetermined place of the panel 10 in advance, and a window frame may be fitted into this portion. This makes it possible to easily process the opening and the like on site.

Next, the connection between the wall surface and the roof will be described with reference to FIG. A rafter receiver 26 having an appropriate inclination is disposed above the panel 10 installed as a wall panel. Due to the inclination of the rafter receiver 26, the upper roofing material 27 is supported at a predetermined inclination. Note that a panel similar to the panel 10 may be used as the roofing material 27.

The roofing material 27 and the panel 10 are integrally fastened by inserting a nail 28 from the roofing material 27 into the upper frame 19. Although not shown, an exterior material such as siding may be provided outside the structural plate 12.

On the other hand, on the roof material 27, a ventilation layer B communicating with the ventilation layer A of the panel 10 is formed. When the panel 10 is used as a roofing material, this operation can be easily performed on site, but may be formed in advance.

In this manner, the gas permeable layer A is communicated with the gas permeable layer B communicating with the outside air at the upper part of the panel 10. When the panel 10 is used as a wall panel as in the present embodiment, the airflow always flows upward in the ventilation layer A. Therefore, by forming the connecting portion in this way, the air in the ventilation layer A can be opened to the outside air via the ventilation layer B.

Therefore, in winter or the like, water vapor passes through the structural plate 13 from a high-temperature and high-humidity room, and
Even when the water vapor reaches the boundary surface with the structural heat insulating material 12, the water vapor can be released to the outside air together with the air flowing through the ventilation layer A.

Further, a part of the water vapor that has reached the gas permeable layer A can be discharged to the exterior material side such as siding through the small holes 22. Therefore, no dew condensation occurs in the panel 10.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the substantially rectangular protrusion 21 is formed on one surface of the heat insulating material 11 in order to form the ventilation layer A.
The shape of 1 is not limited to the embodiment, and may be, for example, a round shape or a rhombus shape. Further, in the embodiment, the projections 21 are arranged vertically and horizontally at predetermined intervals, but these projections 21 may be arranged in a staggered manner. Although the ventilation layer A of the above embodiment communicates vertically and horizontally, the projection may be formed in a strip shape extending in the up-down direction, so that the ventilation layer A communicates only in the up-down direction. As described above, the shape of the projection is not limited to the embodiment.

In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which a building is constructed by omitting structural members such as columns altogether. However, if necessary, a stud material may be provided at a corner of the building or a portion subjected to a vertical load. May be inserted.

In the above embodiment, the heat insulating material 11 and the structural plate 13 are directly adhered. However, a moisture-proof layer that does not allow water vapor to pass therethrough may be interposed therebetween. This moisture-proof layer can be formed by a coating waterproof layer having adhesiveness such as urethane resin. When applying such a resin, its thickness is 0.5 to 1 mm or more. Other moisture-proof layers include plastic films such as polyethylene, biphenyl chloride, and vinylidene chloride. These films may be adhered to form a moisture-proof layer. In that case, the film thickness should be 10
It is about 0 μm to 300 μm. Further, as another moisture-proof layer, an asphalt sheet having a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm may be adhered. Alternatively, an aluminum foil, an aluminum vapor-deposited film, or the like of about 30 to 100 μ may be attached. However, considering the on-site process, it is reasonable to apply a urethane resin having adhesiveness.

By interposing such a moisture-proof layer, it is possible to prevent the water vapor inside the room from permeating after passing through the structural plywood 13, thereby further preventing the occurrence of dew condensation. Can be.

Further, a cover made of a hard synthetic resin or the like may be provided on the edge face of the panel 10 in order to prevent the edge face from being damaged. If such a cover is provided on the fore-edge, even when the sub-plate 18 or the like is inserted, the fore-edge is not likely to be damaged, and the positioning of the sub-plate 18 is facilitated. In addition, the sub-plate 1 shown in the above embodiment
8 is made of a long object having a rectangular cross section.
The shape of 8 may also be, for example, a pointed cross section and the center portion may be thick.

As described above, if the sub-plate 18 is formed so as to be thicker toward the center, it is possible to strengthen a joint portion where the strength is most insufficient when joining the panels. Further, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied as a wall panel, but it goes without saying that these panels can be used as a floor panel or a roof panel.

[0045]

As described above, according to the multifunctional panel of the present invention, even if water vapor enters the panel material from the indoor side, part of the water vapor is discharged through the small holes. It is possible to discharge most of the water vapor to the outside by the air constantly flowing through the outer ventilation layer.

Therefore, even if such a panel is used for a long period of time, there is no risk of dew condensation in the panel, which can contribute to providing a highly heat-insulated building with excellent airtightness.

Also, this panel can itself be used for walls, floors,
When used as a wall panel, for example, as a structural material for roofs, structural members such as columns and studs are not required,
Carpentry skills can be almost eliminated, and the construction period can be shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a multifunctional panel formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a house in which a multifunctional panel according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a wall.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing, in an enlarged manner, the structure of a butt portion according to one embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the butting portion.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement with a roof when the multifunctional panel is a wall panel.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a butted portion of a conventional panel.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a butted portion of the conventional panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Multifunctional panel 11 Heat insulating material 12, 13 Structural plate material 21 Projection 22 Small hole A Ventilation layer

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A self-supporting building comprising a plate-like heat insulating material made of a foamed synthetic resin, and a structural plate material stuck on both sides of the heat insulating material, and lining up the base with its ends facing each other. By constituting the wall of the object, and by arranging the end portions of the structural board on the wall of the building, the structural or multi-functional panel constituting the ceiling or floor that can bear the load by itself, A plurality of small holes are formed in one of the structural plate members on the side arranged outside the building, and a ventilation layer is formed between the one structural plywood and the heat insulating material, and the inside of the building is formed. The moisture permeability resistance of the structural plate to be arranged is P
₁ , the moisture resistance of the heat insulating material is P ₂ , the structure to be placed outside the building
The moisture permeation resistance of concrete for plate when the P _3, these moisture permeable
Structure for a multi-function panel resistance, characterized in that set to be _{P 1> P 2> P 3} .