JP6802622B2 - Insulation waterproof structure and insulation waterproof construction method - Google Patents
Insulation waterproof structure and insulation waterproof construction method Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、バルコニーやベランダ等の構造物に適用される断熱防水構造体および断熱防水工法に関し、より詳細には、樹脂製シートを使用することにより断熱層の変形を有効に防止する、断熱防水構造体および断熱防水工法に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat insulating waterproof structure and a heat insulating waterproof construction method applied to structures such as balconies and balconies. More specifically, the present invention effectively prevents deformation of the heat insulating layer by using a resin sheet. Regarding the structure and heat insulation and waterproof construction method.
従来、建物の屋上、バルコニー、ベランダ等の構造物には、断熱性や防水性を付与するために、断熱材及び防水層を積層する断熱防水工法が適用されてきた。特に最近は、繊維強化樹脂（ＦＲＰ）が軽量且つ強靭であり、更に耐熱性と耐食性にも優れていることから、防水層にＦＲＰを用いる断熱防水工法が盛んに活用されるようになってきた。 Conventionally, in order to impart heat insulation and waterproofness to structures such as rooftops, balconies, and balconies of buildings, a heat insulation and waterproof construction method in which a heat insulating material and a waterproof layer are laminated has been applied. In particular, recently, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) is lightweight and tough, and also has excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Therefore, a heat insulating and waterproof construction method using FRP for the waterproof layer has been widely used. ..
例えば特許文献１には、基体上に少なくとも傾斜断熱層、野地板層、繊維強化樹脂層及び仕上げ材層をこの順で積層してなる防水用複合被覆体の施工方法が開示されている。野地板層は、傾斜断熱層と繊維強化樹脂層とが接触して、熱で傾斜断熱層が溶けることを防ぐものである。特許文献１には、ケイ酸カルシウム板等を用いることで、野地板層を不燃層としてもよいと記載されている。特許文献１によれば、かかる施工方法によって形成される防水用複合被覆体は、排水性、断熱性、耐侯性、耐水性、防火性等の防水性能や断熱性能の点で優れていると記載されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for constructing a waterproof composite coating in which at least an inclined heat insulating layer, a field board layer, a fiber reinforced resin layer and a finishing material layer are laminated in this order on a substrate. The field board layer prevents the inclined heat insulating layer and the fiber reinforced resin layer from coming into contact with each other and melting the inclined heat insulating layer by heat. Patent Document 1 describes that the field plate layer may be used as a non-combustible layer by using a calcium silicate plate or the like. According to Patent Document 1, it is described that the waterproof composite coating formed by such a construction method is excellent in waterproof performance and heat insulating performance such as drainage property, heat insulating property, weather resistance, water resistance and fire resistance. Has been done.
しかしながら、特許文献１の施工方法を用いた場合、工事完了後数日から数か月が経過すると、断熱層が変形して被覆体自体の形状も変わり、その結果、断熱性能や防水性能の低下を招く場合があった。そのため、断熱層の変形を防止し、経時による断熱性能や防水性能の低下が有効に回避された技術の確立が求められていた。 However, when the construction method of Patent Document 1 is used, the heat insulating layer is deformed and the shape of the covering itself is changed several days to several months after the completion of the construction, and as a result, the heat insulating performance and the waterproof performance are deteriorated. Was sometimes invited. Therefore, it has been required to establish a technique for preventing deformation of the heat insulating layer and effectively avoiding deterioration of heat insulating performance and waterproof performance with time.
従って、本発明の目的は、経時による断熱層の変形が有効に防止された、断熱防水構造体および断熱防水工法を提供することである。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating waterproof structure and a heat insulating waterproof construction method in which deformation of the heat insulating layer with time is effectively prevented.
本発明者等が鋭意検討した結果、極めて驚くべきことに、断熱防水構造体中にケイ酸カルシウム板や構造用合板からなる層を設けていても、プライマー層やＦＲＰ層等から発生するガスや、これらの層に存在する成分がケイ酸カルシウム板や構造用合板からなる層を通過して断熱層に到達する場合があり、これらのガスや成分と断熱層の構成材料とが反応を起こすことで断熱層が変形しているという新たな知見が得られた。 As a result of diligent studies by the present inventors, it is extremely surprising that even if a layer made of a calcium silicate plate or a structural plywood is provided in the heat insulating and waterproof structure, gas generated from the primer layer, the FRP layer, etc. , The components present in these layers may pass through the layer consisting of calcium silicate plate or structural plywood and reach the heat insulating layer, and these gases and components react with the constituent materials of the heat insulating layer. A new finding was obtained that the heat insulating layer was deformed.
従って、本発明によれば、下地面の上に断熱層、保護層、プライマー層および繊維強化樹脂層がこの順で積層された断熱防水構造体であって、
前記繊維強化樹脂層が不飽和ポリエステルを含んでおり、
前記断熱層の保護層側表面が樹脂製シートで覆われていることを特徴とする断熱防水構造体が提供される。
Therefore, according to the present invention, the heat insulating and waterproof structure is a heat insulating and waterproof structure in which a heat insulating layer, a protective layer, a primer layer and a fiber reinforced resin layer are laminated in this order on the base surface.
The fiber reinforced resin layer contains unsaturated polyester and
Provided is a heat insulating and waterproof structure characterized in that the surface of the heat insulating layer on the protective layer side is covered with a resin sheet.
前記断熱層がポリスチレンフォームからなる断熱防水構造体は、本発明の好ましい態様である。 A heat insulating and waterproof structure in which the heat insulating layer is made of polystyrene foam is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
前記樹脂製シートが、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレン、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリエチレンまたはポリ塩化ビニルからなるシートである断熱防水構造体は、本発明の好ましい態様である。 A heat insulating and waterproof structure in which the resin sheet is a sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
前記樹脂製シートがアルミニウム系膜を有している断熱防水構造体は、本発明の好ましい態様である。 The heat-insulating and waterproof structure in which the resin sheet has an aluminum-based film is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
また、本発明によれば、下地面の上に断熱層、保護層、プライマー層および繊維強化樹脂層をこの順で積層する断熱防水工法であって、
前記繊維強化樹脂層は、繊維強化材に不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含浸させた層であり、
前記断熱層の保護層側表面を、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレン、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリエチレンまたはポリ塩化ビニルからなる樹脂製シートで覆うことを特徴とする断熱防水工法が提供される。
Further, according to the present invention, it is a heat insulating waterproof construction method in which a heat insulating layer, a protective layer, a primer layer and a fiber reinforced resin layer are laminated in this order on a base surface.
The fiber-reinforced resin layer is a layer in which a fiber-reinforced material is impregnated with an unsaturated polyester resin.
Provided is a heat insulating and waterproof construction method characterized in that the protective layer side surface of the heat insulating layer is covered with a resin sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride.
本発明によれば、経時による断熱層の変形が有効に防止された、断熱防水構造体および断熱防水工法が提供される。 According to the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating waterproof structure and a heat insulating waterproof construction method in which deformation of the heat insulating layer with time is effectively prevented.
図１は、本発明の断熱防水構造体の一例を示す図である。図１に示されているように、本発明の断熱防水構造体１は、下地面３の上に、断熱層５、保護層７、プライマー層９および繊維強化樹脂層１１（以下、ＦＲＰ層１１と呼ぶことがある。）をこの順に積層して得られるものであるが、少なくとも断熱層５の保護層側表面が樹脂製シート１３で覆われている点に重要な特徴を有する。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a heat insulating and waterproof structure of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the heat insulating and waterproof structure 1 of the present invention, the heat insulating layer 5, the protective layer 7, the primer layer 9 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 11 (hereinafter, FRP layer 11) are placed on the base surface 3. It is obtained by laminating in this order, but it has an important feature that at least the surface of the heat insulating layer 5 on the protective layer side is covered with the resin sheet 13.
下地面３としては、建築物の屋根、庇、解放廊下、ベランダ、バルコニー、工場床等が挙げられる。下地面３の材質としては、コンクリート、モルタル、アスファルト、石綿スレート、プラスチック、木材、金属等が挙げられる。 Examples of the lower ground 3 include roofs of buildings, eaves, open corridors, balconies, balconies, factory floors, and the like. Examples of the material of the lower ground 3 include concrete, mortar, asphalt, asbestos slate, plastic, wood, and metal.
下地面３の上には断熱材が設置され、これが断熱層５となる。断熱材は、樹脂製断熱材からなる。樹脂製断熱材としては、断熱性を有する公知のプラスチックフォーム、具体的には、ポリスチレンフォーム、ポリウレタンフォーム、硬質ウレタンフォーム、ポリエチレンフォーム、フェノールフォーム、アクリルフォーム等が挙げられるが、保護層存在下での断熱層変形が特に顕著に表れるという点で、ポリスチレンフォームが好ましい。断熱材は、樹脂製断熱材のみで構成されてもよいが、必要に応じて、上記樹脂製断熱材と公知の無機断熱材とを積層した積層構造としてもよい。公知の無機断熱材としては、グラスファイバーボード、パーライト系ボード、フォームグラス（泡ガラス）、岩綿、ガラス綿、鉱さい綿、岩綿成形板、ガラス綿成形板等を用いることができる。 A heat insulating material is installed on the lower ground 3, and this becomes the heat insulating layer 5. The heat insulating material is made of a resin heat insulating material. Examples of the resin heat insulating material include known plastic foams having heat insulating properties, specifically polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, rigid urethane foam, polyethylene foam, phenol foam, acrylic foam and the like, but in the presence of a protective layer. Polystyrene foam is preferable in that the heat insulating layer deformation of the above is particularly remarkable. The heat insulating material may be composed of only a resin heat insulating material, but if necessary, a laminated structure in which the resin heat insulating material and a known inorganic heat insulating material are laminated may be used. As the known inorganic heat insulating material, glass fiber board, pearlite board, foam glass (foam glass), rock wool, glass cotton, mineralized cotton, rock wool molded plate, glass cotton molded plate and the like can be used.
断熱層５は、施工容易性の観点から、一定の厚みを有する略平板状としてもよく、あるいは、排水性向上の観点から、勾配を設けてもよい。断熱層５の厚みは、施工環境や、どの程度の断熱性を付与するのか等に応じて適宜決定されるが、一般的に、略平板状の場合は２５〜５０ｍｍであり、勾配を有する場合は最も薄い部分において２０〜３０ｍｍである。 The heat insulating layer 5 may have a substantially flat plate shape having a certain thickness from the viewpoint of ease of construction, or may be provided with a gradient from the viewpoint of improving drainage. The thickness of the heat insulating layer 5 is appropriately determined depending on the construction environment, the degree of heat insulating property to be imparted, etc., but is generally 25 to 50 mm in the case of a substantially flat plate, and in the case of having a gradient. Is 20 to 30 mm at the thinnest part.
本発明において、断熱層５の下地面とは反対側の表面は、樹脂製シート１３で覆う必要がある。これによって、ＦＲＰ層１１等の断熱層以外の層中の成分や、施工時あるいは施工後にこれらの層で発生するガス（以下、これらの成分およびガスを「変形原因物質」と総称することがある。）が断熱層５へ到達することを防ぐことができる。断熱層５の厚み等によっては、更に、断熱層５の側面も樹脂製シート１３で覆い、上記の変形原因物質の到達防止効果をより一層高めてもよい。 In the present invention, the surface of the heat insulating layer 5 opposite to the lower ground needs to be covered with the resin sheet 13. As a result, components in layers other than the heat insulating layer such as the FRP layer 11 and gases generated in these layers during or after construction (hereinafter, these components and gas may be collectively referred to as "deformation-causing substances". ) Can be prevented from reaching the heat insulating layer 5. Depending on the thickness of the heat insulating layer 5 and the like, the side surface of the heat insulating layer 5 may also be covered with the resin sheet 13 to further enhance the effect of preventing the above-mentioned deformation-causing substances from reaching.
樹脂製シート１３は、従来公知の熱可塑性樹脂から構成することができる。従来公知の熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ１−ブテン、ポリ４−メチル−１−ペンテンまたはエチレン、プロピレン、１−ブテン、４−メチル−１−ペンテン等のα−オレフィン同士のランダムあるいはブロック共重合体等のポリオレフィン、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン・塩化ビニル共重合体等のエチレン・ビニル化合物共重合体、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合体、ＡＢＳ、α−メチルスチレン・スチレン共重合体等のスチレン系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、塩化ビニル・塩化ビニリデン共重合体、ポリアクリル酸メチル、ポリメタクリル酸メチル等のポリビニル化合物、ナイロン６、ナイロン６−６、ナイロン６−１０、ナイロン１１、ナイロン１２等のポリアミド、ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート（ＰＥＮ）等の熱可塑性ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、ポリフェニレンオキサイドや、その他、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、フッ素樹脂、アリル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、セルロース樹脂、ポリスルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂、ケトン樹脂、アミノ樹脂、ポリ乳酸などの生分解性樹脂を例示することができる。さらに、熱可塑性樹脂は、これらのブレンド物や、これら樹脂が適宜共重合により変性されたものであってもよい。上記熱可塑性樹脂のうち、断熱層の変形防止性に優れているという観点から、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレン、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリエチレンまたはポリ塩化ビニルが好ましく、断熱層５の変形を長期にわたって有効に防止できる観点から、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリエチレンがより好ましく、ポリエチレンテレフタレートまたはエチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体が特に好ましい。 The resin sheet 13 can be made of a conventionally known thermoplastic resin. Conventionally known thermoplastic resins include, for example, α-olefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, poly 1-butene, poly 4-methyl-1-pentene or ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene. Polyethylene such as random or block copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene / vinyl compound copolymer such as ethylene / vinyl chloride copolymer, polystyrene, acrylonitrile / styrene Polymers, ABS, styrene resins such as α-methylstyrene / styrene copolymers, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinylidene chlorides, vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride copolymers, polyvinyl compounds such as methylpolyacrylate and polymethylmethacrylate , Nylon 6, Nylon 6-6, Nylon 6-10, Nylon 11, Nylon 12, etc. Polypolymer, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polybutylene terephthalate, Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and other thermoplastic polyesters, Polycarbonate, Polyphenylene oxide, etc. , Other biodegradable resins such as polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, polyetherimide resin, fluororesin, allyl resin, polyurethane resin, cellulose resin, polysulfone resin, polyethersulfone resin, ketone resin, amino resin, polylactic acid, etc. It can be exemplified. Further, the thermoplastic resin may be a blend of these or a resin obtained by appropriately modifying the resin by copolymerization. Among the above thermoplastic resins, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride are preferable from the viewpoint of excellent deformation prevention property of the heat insulating layer, and the heat insulating layer 5 is deformed for a long period of time. From the viewpoint of effective prevention, polyethylene terephthalate, an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, and polyethylene are more preferable, and polyethylene terephthalate or an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer is particularly preferable.
樹脂製シート１３としては、単層構造のものを用いてもよいが、積層構造のものを用いてもよい。樹脂製シート１３が積層構造を有する場合は、上記の熱可塑性樹脂を２種以上選択し、複数の熱可塑性樹脂層を積層してもよいが、上記の熱可塑性樹脂からなる層と、不織布、紙、金属膜等の熱可塑性樹脂以外の層とを積層してもよい。積層構造体の好適な態様としては、変形原因物質のうちガス状のものをより効果的にシャットアウトするという観点から、上記の熱可塑性樹脂からなる層がアルミニウム系膜を有している構造を挙げることができ、具体的には、熱可塑性樹脂層の少なくとも一方の表面にアルミ箔を貼着した積層構造、複数の熱可塑性樹脂層の間にアルミニウム箔を介在させた積層構造、熱可塑性樹脂層の少なくとも一方の表面にアルミニウム蒸着膜を設けた積層構造または複数の熱可塑性樹脂層の間にアルミニウム蒸着膜を設けた積層構造がある。 As the resin sheet 13, a single-layer structure may be used, or a laminated structure may be used. When the resin sheet 13 has a laminated structure, two or more kinds of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resins may be selected and a plurality of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin layers may be laminated, but the layer made of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin and the non-woven fabric, A layer other than the thermoplastic resin such as paper or a metal film may be laminated. A preferred embodiment of the laminated structure is a structure in which the above-mentioned layer made of a thermoplastic resin has an aluminum-based film from the viewpoint of more effectively shutting out gaseous substances among deformation-causing substances. Specific examples thereof include a laminated structure in which an aluminum foil is attached to at least one surface of a thermoplastic resin layer, a laminated structure in which an aluminum foil is interposed between a plurality of thermoplastic resin layers, and a thermoplastic resin. There is a laminated structure in which an aluminum vapor deposition film is provided on at least one surface of the layer, or a laminated structure in which an aluminum vapor deposition film is provided between a plurality of thermoplastic resin layers.
樹脂製シート１３の厚みは、１０〜５００μｍが好ましく、３０〜１５０μｍが特に好ましい。樹脂製シート１３が薄すぎると、シートが破れやすくなったり、風でめくれやすくなり、取扱い性が損なわれる虞がある。一方、樹脂製シート１３が厚すぎると、可撓性が低下し、各層が下地面に追随しづらくなる虞がある。 The thickness of the resin sheet 13 is preferably 10 to 500 μm, particularly preferably 30 to 150 μm. If the resin sheet 13 is too thin, the sheet may be easily torn or turned over by the wind, and the handleability may be impaired. On the other hand, if the resin sheet 13 is too thick, the flexibility may decrease and it may be difficult for each layer to follow the underlying surface.
樹脂製シート１３の上には、保護層７として、構造用合板またはケイ酸カルシウム板を設置する。ケイ酸カルシウム板としては、ＪＩＳ Ａ５４３０（２００１）に規定されるケイ酸カルシウム板であって不燃認定品を取得しているものを用いることが好適である。保護層７の厚みは、一般的に、５〜４０ｍｍが好ましい。本発明においては、保護層７と上述の樹脂製シート１３とを併存させることにより、断熱層の変形を最大限有効に回避することができる。即ち、後述するプライマー層９の材質によっては、プライマー層９と樹脂製シート１３とが密着すると樹脂製シート１３が溶ける虞があるが、保護層７を介することで樹脂製シートが溶けることを確実に防止できる。更に、構造用合板またはケイ酸カルシウム板は樹脂製シート１３の上に簡単に素早く置くことができるので、施工時に風で樹脂製シート１３がめくれる等の不都合を回避し、作業性が向上するという利点もある。更にまた、保護層７としてケイ酸カルシウム板を用いる場合は、耐火性が向上するという利点もある。 A structural plywood or a calcium silicate board is installed as a protective layer 7 on the resin sheet 13. As the calcium silicate board, it is preferable to use a calcium silicate board specified in JIS A5430 (2001) that has been certified as non-combustible. The thickness of the protective layer 7 is generally preferably 5 to 40 mm. In the present invention, by coexisting the protective layer 7 and the resin sheet 13 described above, deformation of the heat insulating layer can be avoided as effectively as possible. That is, depending on the material of the primer layer 9 described later, if the primer layer 9 and the resin sheet 13 are in close contact with each other, the resin sheet 13 may melt, but the resin sheet is surely melted through the protective layer 7. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the structural plywood or calcium silicate board can be easily and quickly placed on the resin sheet 13, inconveniences such as the resin sheet 13 being turned over by the wind during construction are avoided, and workability is improved. There are also advantages. Furthermore, when a calcium silicate plate is used as the protective layer 7, there is an advantage that the fire resistance is improved.
保護層７の上にプライマーを塗布し、これを硬化させると、プライマー層９が形成される。プライマー層９は、後述するＦＲＰ層１１と保護層７との密着性を向上する役割を果たす。プライマーとしては、ＦＲＰ断熱防水工法に一般的に用いられるもの、例えばポリウレタン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ビニルエステル系樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂等が挙げられるが、ポリウレタン系樹脂が好ましい。プライマーの塗布量は、０．１〜１．０ｋｇ／ｍ２が好ましい。 When a primer is applied on the protective layer 7 and cured, the primer layer 9 is formed. The primer layer 9 plays a role of improving the adhesion between the FRP layer 11 and the protective layer 7, which will be described later. Examples of the primer include those generally used in the FRP heat insulating and waterproofing method, for example, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin, unsaturated polyester resin, acrylic resin and the like, but polyurethane resin is preferable. .. The amount of the primer applied is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 kg / m 2 .
プライマー層９の上には、ＦＲＰ層１１が設けられる。ＦＲＰ層１１は、繊維強化材に不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含浸させ、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を硬化させることにより得られる。不飽和ポリエステル樹脂は、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸等の不飽和二塩基酸と、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等の２価のアルコールとを重縮合させて不飽和ポリエステルを生成し、これにさらに、スチレンに代表される不飽和結合をもつビニルモノマーをラジカル共重合させて得られる。 An FRP layer 11 is provided on the primer layer 9. The FRP layer 11 is obtained by impregnating a fiber reinforcing material with an unsaturated polyester resin and curing the unsaturated polyester resin. The unsaturated polyester resin is obtained by polycondensing an unsaturated dibasic acid such as maleic anhydride or fumaric acid with a divalent alcohol such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol to produce an unsaturated polyester, and further, styrene. It is obtained by radical copolymerization of a vinyl monomer having an unsaturated bond typified by.
繊維強化材としては、ガラス繊維、金属繊維、セラミック繊維、炭素繊維等を１種又は２種以上用いることができる。繊維強化材は、チョップドストランドマット、クロス（織物）、不織布、三次元織物等の１種又は２種以上の形状に加工され、ＦＲＰ層の形成に供される。繊維強化材は、必要に応じて複数枚積層させてもよい。繊維強化材の使用量は、一般的には、ＦＲＰ層１１全体に対して８〜８０質量％であり、好適には１０〜６０質量％である。 As the fiber reinforcing material, one kind or two or more kinds of glass fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber, carbon fiber and the like can be used. The fiber reinforced material is processed into one or more shapes such as chopped strand mat, cloth (woven fabric), non-woven fabric, and three-dimensional woven fabric, and is used for forming an FRP layer. A plurality of fiber reinforcing materials may be laminated if necessary. The amount of the fiber reinforcing material used is generally 8 to 80% by mass, preferably 10 to 60% by mass, based on the entire FRP layer 11.
ＦＲＰ層１１の厚みは、本発明の適用環境や、防水性の程度等に応じて適宜決定されるが、一般的には、２〜３ｍｍとすることが好ましい。 The thickness of the FRP layer 11 is appropriately determined depending on the application environment of the present invention, the degree of waterproofness, etc., but is generally preferably 2 to 3 mm.
ＦＲＰ層１１には、必要に応じて公知の添加剤を加えてもよい。公知の添加剤としては、例えば増粘剤、充填剤、硬化剤、硬化促進剤、低収縮化剤、着色剤等がある。 A known additive may be added to the FRP layer 11 if necessary. Known additives include, for example, thickeners, fillers, curing agents, curing accelerators, low shrinkage agents, colorants and the like.
本発明の断熱防水構造体においては、本発明の効果が損なわれないという条件の下、必要に応じて更に他の層を設けてもよい。他の層としては、ＦＲＰ層１１の上に設けられるトップコート層、ＦＲＰ層１１とトップコート層の間に設けられるトナー層等がある。また、下地面３と断熱層５の間に、構造用合板またはケイ酸カルシウム板を設けてもよい。 In the heat insulating and waterproof structure of the present invention, another layer may be provided if necessary, provided that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Other layers include a top coat layer provided on the FRP layer 11, a toner layer provided between the FRP layer 11 and the top coat layer, and the like. Further, a structural plywood or a calcium silicate board may be provided between the base surface 3 and the heat insulating layer 5.
トップコート層は、透明性や耐候性付与を目的として設けられる層であり、従来公知のトップコートをＦＲＰ層の上に塗布することにより形成される。従来公知のトップコートは、例えば、ビニルエステル樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂等からなる。トップコート層には、更に、骨材の散布により滑り止め機能を付与したり、顔料（トナー）を添加してトップコート層を着色したり、あるいは、モルタル等を表面に配設して不燃性を高めてもよい。 The top coat layer is a layer provided for the purpose of imparting transparency and weather resistance, and is formed by applying a conventionally known top coat on the FRP layer. Conventionally known top coats are made of, for example, vinyl ester resin, unsaturated polyester resin, acrylic urethane resin and the like. The top coat layer is further provided with a non-slip function by spraying aggregate, a pigment (toner) is added to color the top coat layer, or mortar or the like is arranged on the surface to make it nonflammable. May be increased.
トップコートの塗布量は、０．１〜０．５ｋｇ／ｍ２が好ましい。塗布量が少なすぎると、ＦＲＰ層を均一にトップコート層で被覆することができなくなり、また、利用者の歩行等により経時によりＦＲＰ層が露出する虞も生じる。塗布量が多すぎると、硬化収縮によって塗膜が割れてＦＲＰ層を雨水や日光による劣化から保護できなくなり、ひいてはベランダ等の本発明の適用対象となる構造体の劣化につながる。 The amount of the top coat applied is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m 2 . If the amount of coating is too small, the FRP layer cannot be uniformly covered with the top coat layer, and the FRP layer may be exposed over time due to walking or the like of the user. If the coating amount is too large, the coating film is cracked due to curing shrinkage, and the FRP layer cannot be protected from deterioration due to rainwater or sunlight, which in turn leads to deterioration of the structure to which the present invention is applied, such as a veranda.
トップコート層にトナーを配合する場合であっても、形成したトップコート層の厚みにむらがあると、薄い部分と厚い部分とで外観に差が生じることがある。そのため、本発明の断熱防水構造体を均一に着色するために、トップコート層を形成する前にトナー層を設けてもよい。具体的には、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂に所望の量のトナーを混合してトナー層形成用樹脂組成物を調整し、このトナー層形成用樹脂組成物をＦＲＰ層１１の上に塗布すればよい。トナー層には、硬化剤を添加してもよい。塗布量は、一般的に、０．１〜０．５ｋｇ／ｍ２である。 Even when toner is blended into the top coat layer, if the thickness of the formed top coat layer is uneven, the appearance may differ between the thin portion and the thick portion. Therefore, in order to uniformly color the heat insulating and waterproof structure of the present invention, a toner layer may be provided before forming the top coat layer. Specifically, a desired amount of toner is mixed with a thermosetting resin such as an unsaturated polyester resin to prepare a toner layer forming resin composition, and the toner layer forming resin composition is placed on the FRP layer 11. It may be applied to. A curing agent may be added to the toner layer. The coating amount is generally 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m 2 .
（断熱防水工法）
上述の特徴を有する断熱防水構造体を設ける施工方法は、以下の通りである。
まず、ベランダ等の下地面に、断熱材と樹脂製シートをこの順で設置する。具体的には、断熱材を、直接または構造用合板もしくはケイ酸カルシウム板を介して下地面に置き、その上に直接または公知の接着剤や接着テープを介して樹脂製シートを敷けばよい。あるいは、予め、断熱材の下地面とは反対側の表面に公知の接着剤または公知の接着テープを介して樹脂製シートを貼っておき、得られた樹脂製シート付断熱材を、直接または構造用合板もしくはケイ酸カルシウム板を介して下地面に設置してもよい。
(Insulation and waterproof construction method)
The construction method for providing the heat insulating and waterproof structure having the above-mentioned characteristics is as follows.
First, the heat insulating material and the resin sheet are installed in this order on the lower ground of the balcony or the like. Specifically, the heat insulating material may be placed on the base surface directly or via a structural plywood or a calcium silicate board, and a resin sheet may be laid on the heat insulating material directly or via a known adhesive or adhesive tape. Alternatively, a resin sheet is previously attached to the surface of the heat insulating material opposite to the ground surface via a known adhesive or a known adhesive tape, and the obtained heat insulating material with a resin sheet is directly or structurally attached. It may be installed on the base surface via a plywood or a calcium silicate board.
断熱材の面積が大きい場合には、樹脂製シートを複数枚のテープ状とし、かかるテープ状樹脂製シートを隙間なく或いは少しずつ重ね合わせながら、断熱材の上に置いてもよい。テープ状樹脂製シートを少しずつ重ね合わせる際には、重ね合わせる部分は、両面テープや、ブチルテープの様な防水テープ、アクリル接着剤テープあるいはセロファンテープでつなぎ合わせると作業性が向上する。 When the area of the heat insulating material is large, the resin sheets may be formed into a plurality of tapes, and the tape-shaped resin sheets may be placed on the heat insulating material without gaps or while being stacked little by little. When stacking tape-shaped resin sheets little by little, workability is improved by connecting the overlapping parts with double-sided tape, waterproof tape such as butyl tape, acrylic adhesive tape, or cellophane tape.
樹脂製シートで断熱材の側面も覆う場合には、樹脂製シートを断熱材上に置く作業を、樹脂製シートを折り曲げながら行うとよい。 When the side surface of the heat insulating material is also covered with the resin sheet, the work of placing the resin sheet on the heat insulating material may be performed while bending the resin sheet.
次に、樹脂製シートの上に構造用合板またはケイ酸カルシウム板を置き、保護層７を形成する。構造用合板またはケイ酸カルシウム板は、直接置いてもよいが、公知の接着剤や接着テープを介して置いてもよい。また、構造用合板やケイ酸カルシウム板を予め小さく切断しておき、かかる小さな構造用合板またはケイ酸カルシウム板を、直接または接着剤や接着テープを介して樹脂製シート上に敷き詰めてもよい。この場合、隣り合う合板同士またはケイ酸カルシウム板同士の間の目地は、絶縁テープ等で塞ぐことが好ましい。構造用合板とケイ酸カルシウムは必要に応じて両方を用いてもよい。 Next, a structural plywood or a calcium silicate board is placed on the resin sheet to form the protective layer 7. The structural plywood or calcium silicate board may be placed directly, or may be placed via a known adhesive or adhesive tape. Further, the structural plywood or the calcium silicate board may be cut into small pieces in advance, and the small structural plywood or the calcium silicate board may be spread on the resin sheet directly or via an adhesive or an adhesive tape. In this case, it is preferable that the joints between the adjacent plywoods or the calcium silicate plates are closed with insulating tape or the like. Both structural plywood and calcium silicate may be used as needed.
続いて、保護層７の上に、刷毛塗り、ロール刷毛塗り等によりプライマーを塗布してプライマー層９を形成し、得られたプライマー層９の上にＦＲＰ層１１を設ける。ＦＲＰ層１１の形成方法としては、例えば、所望の形状の繊維強化材を準備し、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を塗布した上にこれを設置し、更に不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を塗布し、脱泡用ローラーにて気泡を除去し、硬化させる方法がある。不飽和ポリエステルの塗布は、例えば、刷毛塗り、ロール刷毛塗り、スプレーコート等により行うことができる。繊維強化材を複数枚積層する場合には、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の塗布と繊維強化材の設置を交互に繰り返した後、気泡の除去および硬化を行えばよい。 Subsequently, a primer is applied onto the protective layer 7 by brush coating, roll brush coating, or the like to form a primer layer 9, and an FRP layer 11 is provided on the obtained primer layer 9. As a method for forming the FRP layer 11, for example, a fiber reinforced material having a desired shape is prepared, the unsaturated polyester resin is applied and then the FRP layer 11 is formed, and then the unsaturated polyester resin is further applied to the defoaming roller. There is a method of removing air bubbles and curing. The unsaturated polyester can be applied, for example, by brush coating, roll brush coating, spray coating or the like. When a plurality of fiber reinforced plastics are laminated, the application of the unsaturated polyester resin and the installation of the fiber reinforced plastics may be repeated alternately, and then air bubbles may be removed and cured.
また、別のＦＲＰ層１１形成方法として、ハンドレイアップ等により不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を繊維強化材に含浸させ、得られた不飽和ポリエステル樹脂含浸繊維強化材を所定の場所に設置し、硬化させる方法もある。 Further, as another method for forming the FRP layer 11, a method in which an unsaturated polyester resin is impregnated with a fiber reinforcing material by hand laying or the like, and the obtained unsaturated polyester resin impregnated fiber reinforcing material is installed at a predetermined place and cured. There is also.
不飽和ポリエステル樹脂には、予め硬化剤等の公知の添加剤を混合しておいてもよい。添加剤の混合は、塗布あるいは含浸の直前に行うことが特に好ましい。 A known additive such as a curing agent may be mixed in advance with the unsaturated polyester resin. It is particularly preferable that the additives are mixed immediately before coating or impregnation.
ＦＲＰ層１１の上にトナー層を設ける場合は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂、トナーおよび必要に応じて使用される硬化剤を予め混合してトナー層形成用樹脂組成物を調整し、このトナー層形成用樹脂組成物をＦＲＰ層１１の上に塗布すればよい。塗布は、一般的には、刷毛またはローラーを用いて行われる。 When a toner layer is provided on the FRP layer 11, a thermosetting resin such as an unsaturated polyester resin, a toner, and a curing agent used if necessary are mixed in advance to prepare a resin composition for forming a toner layer. , This toner layer forming resin composition may be applied on the FRP layer 11. The application is generally carried out using a brush or a roller.
トップコート層を設ける場合は、ＦＲＰ層１１またはトナー層が硬化したことを確認したのち、かかるＦＲＰ層１１またはトナー層の上に、トップコートを刷毛またはローラーで塗布する。塗布の前には、ＦＲＰ層１１またはトナー層表面をポリシャー等で調整し、清掃し、アセトンを浸み込ませたウエスで拭いておくことが好ましい。かくして、樹脂製シートで覆われた断熱層を有しており、これにより断熱層の変形が有効に防止された本発明の断熱防水構造体を得ることができるのである。 When providing the top coat layer, after confirming that the FRP layer 11 or the toner layer has been cured, the top coat is applied on the FRP layer 11 or the toner layer with a brush or a roller. Before coating, it is preferable that the surface of the FRP layer 11 or the toner layer is adjusted with a polisher or the like, cleaned, and wiped with a waste cloth soaked with acetone. Thus, it is possible to obtain the heat insulating and waterproof structure of the present invention which has the heat insulating layer covered with the resin sheet, whereby the deformation of the heat insulating layer is effectively prevented.
以下、実施例および比較例を参照して本発明をさらに説明する。本発明の技術的範囲はこれらによって限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
＜実施例１＞
ポリスチレン断熱材（（株）カネカ製、商品名：カネライトフォームスーパーＥ−Ｉ）上に、樹脂製シートとして厚さ１００μｍのＰＥＴフィルムを敷いた。その上に、保護層として厚さ１２ｍｍのケイカル板を載せた。そのケイカル板の上へ、プライマー（三井化学産資（株）製、商品名：ＦＰ−３３０）を０．１ｋｇ／ｍ２塗布した後、防水用軟質不飽和ポリエステル樹脂（三井化学産資(株)製、商品名：リマスターＭ）にメチルエチルケトンパーオキシド硬化剤（三井化学産資(株)製、商品名：リマスター専用硬化剤）を０．１質量部添加混合した混合液を、２．６ｋｇ／ｍ２となる量で、質量３８０ｇ／ｍ２のガラスマット（三井化学産資（株）製、商品名：リマスターマット＃３８０Ｌ）２枚に含浸させ、ＦＲＰ層を形成した。更にそのＦＲＰ層の上へ、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂トップコート（三井化学産資（株）製、商品名：リマスタートップＳＤ−II）にメチルエチルケトンパーオキシド硬化剤を１質量部添加混合したものを、０．２ｋｇ／ｍ２となる量で塗布した。断熱材の状態を観察する時のみ樹脂製シートとＦＲＰ施工したケイカル板持ち上げた。１８０日後も断熱材の変形はなかった。
<Example 1>
A 100 μm-thick PET film was laid as a resin sheet on a polystyrene heat insulating material (manufactured by Kaneka Corporation, trade name: Kaneka Foam Super EI). A 12 mm thick caucal plate was placed on it as a protective layer. After applying 0.1 kg / m 2 of primer (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name: FP-330) on the caucal plate, a soft unsaturated polyester resin for waterproofing (Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) ), Product name: Remaster M) mixed with 0.1 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide curing agent (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd., product name: Remaster exclusive curing agent). Two glass mats (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name: Remaster Mat # 380L) having a mass of 380 g / m 2 were impregnated with an amount of 6 kg / m 2 to form an FRP layer. Further, on the FRP layer, an unsaturated polyester resin top coat (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name: Remaster Top SD-II) mixed with 1 part by mass of a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide curing agent was added and mixed. It was applied in an amount of 0.2 kg / m 2 . Only when observing the condition of the heat insulating material, the resin sheet and the FRP-applied caical plate were lifted. There was no deformation of the insulation after 180 days.
＜実施例２＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、ポリプロピレンフィルム／アルミ箔／ポリプロピレンフィルムの３層シートにして、それ以外はすべて同じ条件にて試験を実施したところ、１８０日後も断熱材の変形はなかった。
<Example 2>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a three-layer sheet of polypropylene film / aluminum foil / polypropylene film and the test was carried out under the same conditions except for all the other sheets, the heat insulating material was not deformed even after 180 days.
＜実施例３＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、ＰＥＴフィルム／アルミ蒸着シート／ポリエチレン割布の３層シートにして、それ以外はすべて同じ条件にして試験を実施したところ、１８０日後も断熱材の変形はなかった。
<Example 3>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a three-layer sheet of PET film / aluminum vapor-deposited sheet / polyethylene split cloth and the test was carried out under the same conditions except for the resin sheet, the heat insulating material was not deformed even after 180 days. ..
＜実施例４＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、ポリプロピレン／エチレン・ビニルアルコール樹脂／ポリプロピレンの３層フィルムにして、それ以外はすべて同じ条件にして試験を実施したところ、１８０日後も断熱材の変形はなかった。
<Example 4>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a three-layer film of polypropylene / ethylene / vinyl alcohol resin / polypropylene and the test was carried out under the same conditions except for the above, the heat insulating material was not deformed even after 180 days.
＜実施例５＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、ＰＥＴフィルム／紙／ポリエチレンフィルムの３層シートにして、ＰＥＴ層を上向きにおいて、それ以外はすべて同じ条件にして試験を実施したところ、１８０日後も断熱材の変形はなかった。
<Example 5>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a three-layer sheet of PET film / paper / polyethylene film, and the test was carried out with the PET layer facing upward and all other conditions being the same, the heat insulating material was deformed even after 180 days. There was no.
＜実施例６＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、厚さ６０μｍのポリプロピレンフィルムにして、それ以外は全て同じ条件にて試験を実施したところ、１４日後に断熱材が凹む変形が確認された。
<Example 6>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a polypropylene film having a thickness of 60 μm and the test was carried out under the same conditions except for the resin sheet, it was confirmed that the heat insulating material was dented and deformed after 14 days.
＜実施例７＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、厚さ１００μｍの塩ビフィルムにして、それ以外はすべて同じ条件にて試験を実施したところ、１４日後断熱材が凹む変形が確認された。
<Example 7>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a vinyl chloride film having a thickness of 100 μm and the test was carried out under the same conditions except for the resin sheet, it was confirmed that the heat insulating material was dented and deformed after 14 days.
＜実施例８＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを、厚さ１００μｍのポリエチレンフィルムにして、それ以外は全て同じ条件にて試験を実施したところ、２１日後に断熱材が凹む変形が確認された。
<Example 8>
When the resin sheet of Example 1 was made into a polyethylene film having a thickness of 100 μm and the test was carried out under the same conditions except for the resin sheet, it was confirmed that the heat insulating material was dented and deformed after 21 days.
＜比較例１＞
実施例１の樹脂製シートを敷かず、それ以外はすべて同じ条件にして試験を実施したところ、３日後に断熱材が凹む変形が確認された。
<Comparative example 1>
When the test was carried out under the same conditions except that the resin sheet of Example 1 was not laid, it was confirmed that the heat insulating material was dented and deformed after 3 days.
１ 断熱防水構造体
３ 下地面
５ 断熱層
７ 保護層
９ プライマー層
１１ ＦＲＰ層
１３ 樹脂製シート
1 Insulation and waterproof structure 3 Underground 5 Insulation layer 7 Protective layer 9 Primer layer 11 FRP layer 13 Resin sheet
Claims (5)
前記繊維強化樹脂層が不飽和ポリエステルを含んでおり、
前記断熱層の保護層側表面が、３０〜１５０μｍの厚みを有している樹脂製シートで覆われていることを特徴とする断熱防水構造体。 A heat insulating and waterproof structure in which a heat insulating layer, a protective layer, a primer layer and a fiber reinforced resin layer are laminated in this order on the lower ground.
The fiber reinforced resin layer contains unsaturated polyester and
A heat insulating and waterproof structure characterized in that the surface of the heat insulating layer on the protective layer side is covered with a resin sheet having a thickness of 30 to 150 μm.
前記繊維強化樹脂層は、繊維強化材に不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含浸させた層であり、
前記断熱層の保護層側表面を、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレン、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリエチレンまたはポリ塩化ビニルからなると共に３０〜１５０μｍの厚みを有している樹脂製シートで覆うことを特徴とする断熱防水工法。 It is a heat insulating and waterproof construction method in which a heat insulating layer, a protective layer, a primer layer and a fiber reinforced resin layer are laminated in this order on the lower ground.
The fiber-reinforced resin layer is a layer in which a fiber-reinforced material is impregnated with an unsaturated polyester resin.
The protective layer side surface of the heat insulating layer is covered with a resin sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride and having a thickness of 30 to 150 μm. Insulation and waterproof construction method.
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| JP2588808Y2 (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1999-01-20 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | Multifunctional structural panel |
| JP4238952B2 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2009-03-18 | 三井ホーム株式会社 | Waterproof layer protection structure for balconies, verandas, etc. |
| JP2002021264A (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2002-01-23 | Sowa Kagaku Sangyo Kk | External heat-insulation composite waterproof construction method and structure obtained thereby |
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| JP2002331632A (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-19 | Yamatomi Shoji Kk | Frp waterproof structure excellent in firesafe/fire resistance |
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