JP4477917B2 - Building walls and buildings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that ventilates an underfloor space and a shed space inside a heat insulating material that insulates the wall, and a building such as a wooden house provided with the wall. .

  Conventionally, in a heat-insulated house, in order to suppress the spread of fire through the wall ventilation path to the floor in the event of a fire, a fire barrier plate that shuts off the distribution in response to heat is arranged in the wall ventilation path. The technique to install is known (for example, refer patent document 1).

In the technique of Patent Document 1, a fire barrier plate is attached to a ventilation passage in a wall provided avoiding a support material such as a joist that supports the floor weight, and this barrier plate has a plurality of vent holes. An inorganic foam that foams by heating is provided inside each air hole. With this technology, in the non-fire, the ventilation cross-section restricted by the ventilation hole is secured and ventilation in the wall is possible.In the event of a fire, the ventilation hole is closed by foaming of the inorganic foam, and the flame travels through the ventilation path in the wall. It is possible to suppress spreading around other spaces.
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 8-135038 (paragraphs 0005-0018, FIGS. 1 to 4)

  The fire barrier plate of Patent Document 1 is made according to the cross-sectional shape of the in-wall ventilation path, and is attached to a pillar or the like constituting the in-wall ventilation path. For this reason, the effort at the time of making the wall body of a building increases, and cost becomes high. Moreover, since it is difficult to securely install the fire barrier plate by firmly adhering the inner surface of the ventilation passage in the wall with the large passage cross-sectional area and the peripheral edge of the fire barrier plate, a gap is likely to occur at the joint, There is a high possibility that gaps will occur due to the distortion of the building due to secular change. Thereby, since possibility that a flame will pass the said clearance gap cannot be denied at the time of a fire outbreak, the reliability which suppresses the fire spread to a floor is low.

  In addition, Patent Document 1 only discloses a technique for blocking the flow of the wall ventilation path when a fire breaks out, and maintains the strength of the building when a flame reaches the wall ventilation path. Does not mention.

  A two-story or more wooden house is located between the lower floor and the upper floor, and is supported by floor joists, side joists, and other support materials placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the house. . Many gold nails driven into this support material are connected to wall materials such as anti-rolling and side joists, and floor joists etc., and this connection is maintained in a predetermined state, so that the building The strength of is maintained. Therefore, it is possible that the strength of the building may not be maintained if the gold nail is abnormally deformed due to a flame passing through the ventilation passage in the wall in the event of a fire. It is required to construct a wall body that allows ventilation in the wall.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a wall of a building that can be ventilated in a wall and can maintain strength even when exposed to a high temperature environment, and a building including the wall.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a wall of a building according to the present invention is a wall of a building having a ventilation passage in a wall that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulating layer. A support material that is placed horizontally in the horizontal direction and receives weight, and is struck to the support material with a connecting metal to form a communication path together with the support material. A spacer made of a heat-resistant material having a low property, and in the communication path, the upper-side airway portion and the lower-side airway portion of the intramural airway adjacent to the support material as a boundary, or the support material as a boundary The adjacent wall ventilation path and the underfloor space, or the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material and the shed space are communicated.

In the present invention and the following invention, the supporting material is end joist or end joist that is bonded to the end joist, or anti-roller that is arranged in parallel with these joists, side joists, or this joist. that served side joists or floor pan joists are arranged parallel to the these, and among the cylinders feed such as floor joists, and the like are connected, at least an end joists, cleats, include side joists, and the bed undergoing joists. In the present invention and the following invention, the connecting hardware is supported by receiving the weight of the upper floor or the roof or wall body (hereinafter, this matter is abbreviated as receiving the weight of the upper floor or the like). It refers to a metal connector used, and a typical example is a gold nail. In the present invention, the spacer refers to a member for defining a communicating path that opens up and down the support material, and can be struck with a connecting hardware , preferably a material having low shrinkage, low thermal conductivity, and heat resistance. A material made mainly of an inorganic material can be suitably exemplified as the material.

In the present invention, for example, the upper floor airway part and the lower floor airway part, or the ventilation in the wall by a communication path formed by a support member receiving weight such as the upper floor and a spacer struck by a connecting hardware. Since the road and the underfloor space, or the ventilation path in the wall and the attic space are communicated with each other, ventilation between the underfloor space and the attic space can be performed inside the heat insulating layer. And, since the metal fittings are struck through the spacer that secures the communication path of the ventilation passage in the wall, even if a series of passages become a high temperature environment due to a flame or the like in the event of a fire, the metal fittings are connected by the spacer. Protecting against exposure to high temperatures can suppress the thermal deterioration of the connecting hardware . As a result, for example, the strength reduction around the support material receiving weight such as the floor is suppressed, so that the strength of the building can be maintained even when exposed to a high temperature environment in the event of a fire.

In this case, since the spacer is formed of a heat-resistant material having a thermal contraction smaller than that of wood and having a lower thermal conductivity than metal, in the event of a fire, between the spacer and a member such as a support material adjacent thereto. It is possible to suppress the formation of gaps due to heat shrinkage, to prevent high temperatures from reaching the joint hardware, and to prevent the spacer from conducting high-temperature heat around it to the joint hardware , and the heat resistance prevents the spacer from being burned out. The above-described inhibitory action can be maintained without doing so. As a result of suppressing the thermal deterioration of the connecting hardware , for example, the strength reduction around the support material receiving weight such as the floor is suppressed, so the strength of the building can be maintained even if it is exposed to a high temperature environment such as in the event of a fire. It is possible to hold

In order to solve the above problems, a wall of a building according to the present invention is a building wall having a ventilation passage in a wall that communicates an underfloor space and a shed space inside a heat insulating layer. A support member that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery and receives weight, and a spacer that is struck with a connecting hardware on a side surface of the support member , the spacer having a plurality of communication paths between the support member and the support member. A plurality of protrusions that are formed and made of a heat-resistant material whose thermal shrinkage is smaller than that of wood and whose thermal conductivity is smaller than that of metal , the spacer is in contact with the support material, and the connecting hardware is passed therethrough , and these A groove for the communication path that is open at both the upper and lower ends adjacent to the convex portion of the upper wall, and the upper-side ventilation path portion of the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material in the communication path. Downstairs air passage section or before adjoining the support material Is characterized in that the wall body air passage underfloor space, or that the supporting member the wall inside air passage adjacent the boundary of communicating the attic space.

In the present invention, for example, the upper-floor airway portion and the lower-floor airway portion, or the in-wall airway and the underfloor space, or the wall by the communication passage formed of the groove formed on the side surface of the support material receiving weight such as the upper floor. Since the body ventilation path and the attic space communicated with each other, it is possible to vent the air from the under floor space to the attic space inside the heat insulating layer. And since the connecting hardware is struck through the spacer made of the convex portion of the support material adjacent to the groove, even if a series of passages become a high temperature environment due to a flame or the like, it functions as a spacer. It is possible to protect the connection hardware from being exposed to a high temperature by the convex portion, and to suppress thermal deterioration of the connection hardware . As a result, for example, the strength reduction around the support material receiving weight such as the floor is suppressed, so that the strength of the building can be maintained even when exposed to a high temperature environment in the event of a fire.

  Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the communication path is provided with a closing element that expands and expands so as to keep the communication path open at a predetermined temperature or lower and close the communication path at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature. Good.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, when the closing element is heated by heat at the time of a fire and the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the closing element is expanded and expanded, and ventilation through the communication path can be cut off. In this case, the communication passage that secures the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area is formed around the support material that receives weight, such as the floor, so that it takes time and effort to install the member for ensuring the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area. In addition, for example, around the support material receiving the weight such as the floor is firmly made so as not to be deformed and the like, it is excellent in performance of cutting off the ventilation of the communication path by foam expansion of the closing element in the event of a fire.

In order to solve the above problems, a wall of a building according to the present invention is a building wall having a ventilation passage in a wall that communicates an underfloor space and a shed space inside a heat insulating layer. A support member that is placed in a horizontal direction along the outer periphery and receives weight; and a spacer that is struck to the support member with a connection metal piece to form a communication path with the support member and that is formed of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than metal. An upper floor airway portion and a lower floor airway portion of the wall air passage adjacent to the support material at the boundary in the communication path, or the wall air passage adjacent to the support material and the wall. A thermal expansion material made of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than a metal is communicated between the underfloor space or the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material and the shed space, and between the spacer and the support material. It is characterized by being sandwiched.

  In the present invention, a material mainly composed of an inorganic material can be suitably used for the spacer, but wood can also be used. In the case of using a wooden spacer, the wooden spacer may be formed in a large size in consideration of a burning allowance that does not expose the connecting hardware to the communication path even if the spacer is exposed to a high temperature for a predetermined time.

In the present invention, for example, the upper floor airway part and the lower floor airway part, or the ventilation in the wall by a communication path formed by a support member receiving weight such as the upper floor and a spacer struck by a connecting hardware. Since the road and the underfloor space, or the ventilation path in the wall and the attic space are communicated with each other, ventilation between the underfloor space and the attic space can be performed inside the heat insulating layer. And, since the connecting hardware is nailed through the spacer to secure a communication path of the wall body air passage, the communicating passage to fire or the like and a flame even at a high temperature environment, the connection hardware from the hot spacer And can be protected by thermal expansion material. That is, when the spacer is thermally contracted due to a high temperature at the time of a fire, the thermal expansion material sandwiched between the spacer and the support material is thermally expanded and presses the spacer. There is no gap. For this reason, while being able to suppress that high temperature reaches a connection metal fitting , it can also suppress that a spacer conducts the high temperature heat of the circumference to a connection metal fitting . As a result of suppressing the thermal deterioration of the connecting hardware , for example, the strength reduction around the support material receiving weight such as the floor is suppressed, so the strength of the building can be maintained even if it is exposed to a high temperature environment such as in the event of a fire. It is possible to hold

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the communication passage is provided with a closing element which expands and expands so as to keep the communication passage open at a predetermined temperature or lower and close the communication passage at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature. A part of the above may be used as the thermal expansion material.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, when the closing element is heated by heat at the time of a fire and the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the closing element is expanded and expanded, and ventilation through the communication path can be cut off. In this case, the communication passage that secures the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area is formed around the support material that receives weight, such as the floor, so that it takes time and effort to install the member for ensuring the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area. In addition, for example, around the support material receiving the weight such as the floor is firmly made so as not to be deformed and the like, it is excellent in performance of cutting off the ventilation of the communication path by foam expansion of the closing element in the event of a fire.

In order to solve the above problems, a wall of a building according to the present invention is a building wall having a ventilation passage in a wall that communicates an underfloor space and a shed space inside a heat insulating layer. A support material that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery and receives the weight of the floor, and is formed of a material that is struck to the support material with a connecting metal and forms a communication path with the support material and has a lower thermal conductivity than the metal. A plurality of spacers, and in the communication path, the upper and lower ventilation passage portions of the in-wall ventilation passage adjacent to the support material at the boundary, or the wall adjacent to the support material at the boundary. The internal ventilation path and the underfloor space, or the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material and the shed space are communicated with each other, and the communication path is maintained open at a predetermined temperature or lower and exceeds the predetermined temperature. Foam to close the communication path at temperature A part of the occluding element to be stretched is continuously provided along the longitudinal direction of the support member so as to face the communication path, and the occluding element is disposed between the support material and a member hit against the support material. It is characterized by being sandwiched between. Examples of the member applied to the support material in the present invention include horizontal members such as floor joists.

In the present invention, for example, the upper-side airway portion and the lower-side airway portion, or the above-mentioned support material, by a communication path formed by a support material that receives a weight such as the upper floor and a spacer that is struck with a connecting hardware. The wall ventilation path and the underfloor space adjacent to the boundary, or the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support and the shed space are communicated with each other. Ventilation through the receiving part is possible. And, since the connecting hardware is nailed through the spacer to secure a communication path of the wall body air passage, the communicating passage to fire or the like and a flame even at a high temperature environment, the connection hardware from the hot spacer And can be protected by an occlusive element. That is, when the spacer or the support material is thermally contracted due to a high temperature at the time of a fire, the closing element sandwiched between the support material and a member such as a spacer applied thereto foams and expands at a predetermined temperature or more, and the spacer is Since the pressure is applied, there is no gap between a member such as a spacer and the support material. For this reason, while being able to suppress that high temperature reaches a connection metal fitting , it can also suppress that a spacer conducts the high temperature heat of the circumference to a connection metal fitting . As a result of suppressing the thermal deterioration of the connecting hardware , for example, the strength reduction around the support material receiving weight such as the floor is suppressed, so the strength of the building can be maintained even if it is exposed to a high temperature environment such as in the event of a fire. It is possible to hold In addition, when the closing element foams and expands above a predetermined temperature, the closing element can block the communication path and cut off the ventilation through the communication path. In this case, the communication passage that secures the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area is formed around the support material that receives weight, such as the floor, so that it takes time and effort to install the member for ensuring the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area. In addition, for example, around the support material receiving the weight such as the floor is firmly made so as not to be deformed and the like, it is excellent in performance of cutting off the ventilation of the communication path by foam expansion of the closing element in the event of a fire. Furthermore, since the blocking element is sandwiched between the support material and the floor joists and spacers, etc. that are applied to the support material, there is no risk that the blocking element will fall out of a predetermined position over a long period of time, and a long time during a fire. The occlusion element can be held at a predetermined position.

Further, a wall of a building according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a wall of a building having a ventilation passage inside the wall that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulating layer. A support material that is placed horizontally in the horizontal direction and receives weight, and a spacer made of a heat-resistant material that is struck to the support material with a connecting hardware and has a smaller thermal shrinkage than wood and has a lower thermal conductivity than metal. And the supporting member is provided with a floor joist provided in the floor structure receiving the weight on the floor, and a roll stopper disposed inside the end joist , and a side joist provided in the floor structure and an inner side of the side joist. The spacer is disposed between the end joist and the stopper, and between the side joist and the floor joist, and corresponds to the thickness of the spacer. sandwiched between these and the cleats said end joists And between the spacers, and the vent path respectively have been formed between the side joists and floor pan the spacer and sandwiched between the joists, with the communication passage, the boundary of said support member The upper-side airway part and the lower-side airway part of the adjoining wall internal airway, or the wall internal airway and the underfloor space adjacent to the support material as a boundary, or the wall adjacent to the support material as a boundary. It is characterized in that the body ventilation path communicates with the space behind the cabin .
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spacer is laterally arranged, the upper side surface of the spacer is opposed to the vent hole of the upper floor air passage portion , and the lower surface of the spacer is the lower air passage portion. It is characterized by being opposed to the vent hole.
Further, a wall of a building according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a wall of a building having a ventilation passage inside the wall that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulating layer. A support material that is placed horizontally in the horizontal direction and receives weight, and a spacer made of a heat-resistant material that is struck to the support material with a connecting hardware and has a smaller thermal shrinkage than wood and has a lower thermal conductivity than metal. The spacer is fixed to the outer surface of the support material at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support material, and the support material is in contact with the exterior panel installed in contact with the heat insulating layer. The exterior panel, the outer surface of the support material, and the spacer form a communication path with both upper and lower ends open, and the communication path of the in-wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material is a boundary. Upstairs and downstairs vents Or it is characterized in that the said support member and said wall inside air passage adjacent the boundary of underfloor space or communicating the support member and the wall body air passage adjacent the boundary of the attic space.
Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, since the building which concerns on this invention is equipped with the wall body which concerns on either invention among the said each invention, it acquired the above-mentioned effect | action, for example, a floor etc. It is possible to provide a building including a wall that can ventilate the space under the floor and the attic space through the portion receiving the weight of the wall and can maintain the strength even when exposed to a high temperature environment.

  According to the present invention, for example, a weight is formed inside the heat insulating layer by a ventilation passage formed by using a support material that receives weight, such as a floor, and a spacer that is struck by a connecting metal or a spacer that is integral with the support material. Because it is possible to ventilate the space under the floor and the shed space through the receiving part, and use the spacer that secures the air passage or the spacer integrated with the support material to suppress the deterioration of the connecting bracket at high temperature. It is possible to provide a building wall that can maintain strength even when exposed to a high temperature environment, and a building including the wall.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-8, the two-story wooden house of the heat insulation and double ventilation structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the concrete foundation 2 provided in the house 1 forms a foundation side underfloor space (hereinafter abbreviated as “underfloor space”) 2 a inside thereof. In order to insulate the underfloor space 2a, a heat insulating layer 2b (see FIG. 3) is attached to at least one of the outdoor surface and the indoor surface of the foundation concrete that forms the main body of the foundation 2. The foundation 2 has one or more underfloor ventilation openings 3. An underfloor damper 4 that opens and closes the underfloor ventilation port 3 is attached to the foundation 2. The underfloor damper 4 is arbitrarily opened or closed manually or electrically. Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote a first floor room as a lower floor room constructed on the foundation 2. Reference numerals 7 and 8 indicate the second-floor rooms as the upper-floor rooms constructed on the first-floor rooms 5 and 6.

  The living rooms 5 to 8 are covered with an outer covering material that forms the outline of the house 1. The jacket material includes a wall 11 and a roof 12. The wall body 11 is provided surrounding the living rooms 5 to 8 on the first and second floors. The roof 12 is continuously provided on the upper side of the wall 11, and a shed space 13 is formed between the roof 12 and the uppermost two-story rooms 7 and 8.

  The jacket material includes a heat insulating layer 15 for heat insulation in the wall, and an outer air passage 16 and a wall internal air passage 17 provided with the heat insulating layer 15 interposed therebetween. As the heat insulating layer, a plastic heat insulating material, for example, a board having one or more layers of foamed polystyrene that is independently foamed can be suitably used. In addition, flame retardant or non-flammable phenol foam, ALC, glass wool, rock wool, etc. It is also possible to use a layered fiber type heat insulating material. Inside the heat insulation layer 15, the living rooms 5 to 8, the cabin space 13, and the wall ventilation path 17 are provided.

  For example, a forced ventilation device 18 is provided in the upper part of the house 1 as a ventilation part that opens and closes communication between the cabin space 13 partitioned from the outer ventilation path 16 by the heat insulating layer 15 and the outside. The forced ventilation device 18 is disposed on the exhaust path 18a that connects the attic space 13 and the outside, the electric ventilation fan 18b in which at least a fan is disposed in the exhaust path 18a, and preferably on the downstream side of the ventilation fan 18b. And an exhaust damper 18c that opens and closes the exhaust passage 18a. The ventilation part which consists of the forced ventilation apparatus 18 grade | etc., May be the structure which is not provided with the exhaust damper 18c. Further, the ventilation unit may be an exhaust damper that is opened and closed manually or electrically and is naturally ventilated by opening the ventilator, and further includes ordinary fittings such as opening / closing elements such as a drake window and a skylight.

  The outer air passage 16 is formed between the heat insulating layer 15 and the exterior material 14 and the roof material of the wall 11 along these. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 20 indicates a vertical trunk edge sandwiched between the heat insulating layer 15 and the exterior material 14 in order to form the outer air passage 16. The lower end 16a of the outer ventilation path 16 is always open and communicates with the outdoor atmosphere. An exhaust portion 19 that is open so as to communicate with the outdoors is provided on the upper portion of the roof 12, and the upper end portion of the outer air passage 16 is communicated with the exhaust portion 19.

  The in-wall ventilation path 17 is formed between the heat insulating layer 15 and the living rooms 5 to 8, and communicates the underfloor space 2 a and the shed space 13. The in-wall ventilation path 17 is provided by communicating both the ventilation path parts 21 and 41 to a lower floor ventilation path part 21, an upper floor ventilation path part 41, and a floor assembly structure 51 (to be described later) receiving the weight on the floor. The communication path 71 or 72 is formed.

  The downstairs air passage portion 21 and the upstairs air passage portion 41 are both formed on a framed wall typified by a two-by-four method or a two-by six method.

  That is, the down-frame frame wall 22 that defines the first-floor room 5 or 6 is a vertical frame 23 (see FIG. 5) that is a vertical bar, an upper frame 24 and a head link 25 that are stacked horizontal bars. (See FIGS. 4 and 5) and a lower frame 26 (see FIG. 3), which is a vertical bar, and an exterior panel 27, which is a vertical surface member, is mounted on one surface of a rectangular frame, and the frame For example, a gypsum board 28 is attached to the other surface as a fireproof covering material which is a vertical surface material. The frame wall 22 is installed with its exterior panel 27 in contact with the lower inner surface of the heat insulating layer 15. The gypsum board 28 of the frame wall 22 faces the first-floor room 5 or 6.

  A plurality of ventilation portions, for example, ventilation holes 24 a (see FIGS. 4 and 8) are spaced along the longitudinal direction of the upper frame 24 in the upper frame 24 of the frame wall 22 that is installed by partitioning the first floor room 5 or 6. Provided. A plurality of ventilation portions, for example, ventilation holes 25 a (see FIGS. 4 and 8) are provided in the head connection 25 at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the head connection 25. The vent holes 24a and 25a communicate with each other so as to face each other. The lower frame 26 of the frame wall 22 is also provided with a plurality of ventilation portions, for example, ventilation holes 26 a (see FIG. 3) at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the lower frame 26. These vent holes 24a, 25a, and 26a communicate the internal space of the frame wall 22 with the outside. The vent holes 24 a, 25 a, 26 a and the internal space of the frame wall 22 form a downstairs air passage portion 21 that allows the frame wall 22 to vent in the vertical direction.

  The vent hole 26a of the lower frame 26 that forms the entrance of the lower end of the downstairs vent passage portion 21 communicates with the underfloor space 2a. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the vent hole 26 a communicates with the underfloor space 2 a through a vent passage provided in the foundation side floor assembly structure that supports the first floor rooms 5, 6 on the foundation 29 on the foundation 2. The airflow path of the foundation side floor assembly structure is composed of an outer underfloor support member 30 such as an end joist or a side joist, and a stopper or a floor joist that is connected with a plurality of packings arranged at intervals inside this. A ventilation gap 32 formed between the inner underfloor support 31, a hole 33 provided in communication with the vent hole 26 a in the floor plate extension of the first floor rooms 5, 6 overlapping the lower surface of the lower frame 26, It is formed by a hole 34 provided in the underfloor support member 31 so as to communicate with the ventilation gap 32. When the base 29 does not block the ventilation gap 32, the ventilation gap 32 and the underfloor space 2a communicate directly with each other, so that the hole 34 can be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the upper end portion of the frame wall 22 is located higher than the ceiling 35 of the first-floor room 5 or 6. The ceiling 35 is fireproof, and its back surface (upper surface) is covered with a fireproof sound absorbing material 35a such as rock wool.

  The upstairs air passage portion 41 has the same configuration as the downstairs air passage portion 21. That is, the upper frame wall 42 that defines the second-floor room 7 or 8 is a vertical frame 43 (FIG. 8) that is a vertical bar that is continuously disposed above the vertical frame 23 via a floor structure described later. A rectangular frame comprising an upper frame 44 and a head joint 45 (see FIG. 2) and a lower frame 46 (see FIG. 4 and FIG. 8) which are horizontal bars. An exterior panel 47, which is a vertical surface material, is mounted on one surface of the body, and a gypsum board 48, for example, is mounted on the other surface of the frame as a fireproof covering material, which is a vertical surface material. The frame wall 42 is installed with its exterior panel 47 in contact with the upper inner surface of the heat insulating layer 15. The gypsum board 48 of the frame wall 42 faces the second-floor room 7 or 8.

  A plurality of ventilation portions, for example, ventilation holes 44a (see FIG. 2) are provided at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the upper frame 44 in the upper frame 44 of the framed wall 42 that is installed by dividing the second-floor room 7 or 8. It has been. A plurality of ventilation portions, for example, ventilation holes 45 a (see FIG. 2) are provided in the head connection 45 at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the head connection 45. The vent holes 44a and 45a communicate with each other so as to face each other. The lower frame 46 of the frame wall 42 is also provided with a plurality of ventilation portions, for example, ventilation holes 46 a (see FIG. 4) at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the lower frame 46. These vent holes 44a, 45a, 46a communicate the internal space of the frame wall 42 with the outside. The upper vent path portion 41 that allows the frame wall 42 to vent in the vertical direction is formed by the air holes 44 a, 45 a, 46 a and the internal space of the frame wall 42.

  At the upper end of the upper frame 44 of the frame wall 42, the fire-resistant ceiling 49 of the second-floor room 7 or 8 continues in the lateral direction. The vent hole 45 a of the head joint 45 that forms the entrance of the upper end of the upper-side vent passage portion 41 communicates with the back space 13. In addition, the code | symbol 50 in FIG. 2 has shown locking.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 8, the floor structure 51 constructed between the first floor rooms 5, 6 and the second floor rooms 7, 8 and receiving the weight on the floor will be described. The floor assembly 51 includes a floor joist 52, an end joist 53, a stopper 54, a plurality of spacers (also referred to as packing) 55, a side joist 56, a floor support joist 57, and a plurality of spacers. (It can also be called packing.) 58 and the like.

  The end joist 53 and the side joist 56 are squared. Within this frame, a plurality of floor joists 52 and floor receiving joists 57 arranged on both sides of these floor joists 52 groups are arranged in parallel with each other, and both ends of the floor joists 52 and floor joists 57 in the longitudinal direction are end joists 53. Are connected to each other. 5-7, the code | symbols 61-63 have shown the connection metal object, for example, a gold nail. The end joist 53 and the side joist 56 are connected by driving the gold nail 61. The edge joist 53 and the floor joist 52 are connected by driving the gold nail 62. The edge joist 53 and the floor support joist 57 are connected by driving the gold nail 63. The floor receiving joist 57 is arranged in parallel with the side joist 56 close to the inner side of the side joist 56.

  The plurality of stoppers 54 are arranged in parallel to the end joist 53 so as to approach the inner side of the end joist 53 respectively. Both ends of these locking stoppers 54 are connected to the floor joist 52 by driving a gold nail 64 which is a connecting hardware, and a part of the locking stopper 54 is a floor receiving joist 57 by driving a gold nail 64, 65 which is a connecting hardware. Are connected to a floor joist 52 opposite thereto.

  One spacer 55 is sandwiched between the end joist 53 and the stopper 54, and is connected to the end joist 53 and the stopper 54 by driving a gold nail 66 as a connecting hardware. By this connection, a plurality of communication passages 71 having gaps corresponding to the thickness of the spacer 55 and having both upper and lower ends opened are formed between the end joists 53 and the anti-rollers 54. The other spacer 58 is sandwiched between the side joist 56 and the floor receiving joist 57 and connected to the side joist 56 and the floor receiving joist 57 by driving a gold nail 67 as a connecting hardware. By this connection, a plurality of communication passages 72 having gaps corresponding to the thickness of the spacer 58 and having both upper and lower ends opened are formed between the side joists 56 and the floor joists 57. The connection between the end joist 53 and the clasp 54 is maintained by the gold nail 66, and the connection between the side joist 56 and the floor receiving joist 57 is maintained by the gold nail 67, so that the strength of the floor assembly 51 is maintained. Is done.

  The spacers 55 and 58 are preferably formed of a heat-resistant material into which the gold nails 66 and 67 can be driven, thermal contraction is smaller than that of wood, and thermal conductivity is smaller than that of metal. As such materials, materials having fireproof performance, such as materials mainly made of inorganic materials, specifically, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, slag gypsum board, etc. can be suitably used. In the present embodiment, the spacers 55 and 58 may be formed of a material other than an inorganic material having a thermal conductivity smaller than that of metal, for example, wood, because of the relationship with a thermal expansion material described later. In this case, even if the spacers 55 and 58 are exposed to a high temperature for a predetermined time, a wood spacer formed in a large size in consideration of a burning allowance that does not expose the connecting hardware 67 and 68 to the communication path 71 or 72 may be used. .

  In the present embodiment, the spacers 55 and 58 have a strip shape having a length substantially the same as the width dimension of the floor joist 52 as representatively shown in the example of FIG. Alternatively, they are provided so as to extend in a direction intersecting, preferably orthogonal to, the longitudinal direction of the side joists 56 and floor receiving joists 57. Thus, the communication path 71 is formed to extend in the vertical direction along the spacer 55, and similarly, the communication path 72 is formed to extend in the vertical direction along the spacer 58.

  The floor assembly 51 is provided between the first-floor rooms 5 and 6 and the second-floor rooms 7 and 8, and the frame-like portion excluding the middle portion of the floor joists 52 and floor joists 57 is the outer periphery of the house 1. Along the horizontal direction. The floor assembly 51 is connected to the lower-side air passage portion 21 and the upper-side air passage portion 41 sandwiching the floor assembly structure 51 from above and below by nailing or the like. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 68 denotes a head joint 25 of the downstairs air passage portion 21 which indicates a hammered nail. Further, an intermediate portion between the floor joist 52 and the floor receiving joist 57 supports the floor plate 75 of the second-floor rooms 7 and 8. Therefore, the end joist 53 and the stopper 54 that form the communication path 71 of the floor assembly 51 together with the spacer 55, and the side joist 56 and the floor support joist 57 that form the communication path 72 together with the spacer 58 are both weights on the floor. Is functioning as a support member that receives the downstairs air passage portion 21 together.

  The downstairs air passage portion 21 and the upper airflow passage portion 41 connected to the peripheral portion of the floor assembly structure 51 from above and below are communicated via the communication passage 71 or 72 of the peripheral portion of the floor assembly structure 51. ing. And since the extension part of the floor board 75 of the second-floor rooms 7 and 8 is sandwiched between the lower frame 46 of the upper floor air passage part 41 and the upper surface of the peripheral part of the floor assembly structure 51, the extension part includes A vent hole 75a, which is a vent portion that communicates the communication path 71 or 72 and the upper vent path portion 41, is provided opposite to the vent hole 46a.

  FIG. 4 and FIG. 8 show a state in which the downstairs air passage portion 21 and the upstairs air passage portion 41 are communicated with each other using the support material receiving the weight on the floor as described above. As represented in FIG. 8, the spacers 55 or 58 are provided in a shifted position so as not to block the vent holes 24a and 25a and the vent holes 75a and 46a facing directly above the vent holes 24a and 25a.

  A closing element 81 or 82 that also functions as a thermal expansion material having a thermal conductivity smaller than that of a metal is provided in, for example, the lower portion of the communication passages 71 and 72. The closing elements 81 and 82 are expanded and expanded so as to keep the communication path 71 or 72 open at a predetermined temperature or lower and close the communication path 71 or 72 at a temperature exceeding the predetermined temperature. Uses an unfoamed fire-resistant foaming agent.

  Examples of the foaming agent include a heat-resistant resin composition containing a carbonizing component, a carbonization accelerator, a foaming main agent, and a binder, and a plasticizer added as necessary, and a filler. A carbonization component is a main component which produces | generates carbon. The carbonization accelerator is a component that promotes carbonization of the carbonized component. The main foaming agent is the main component responsible for foaming. The binder improves the physical properties of the heat resistant resin composition by combining the above materials. The plasticizer has the function of imparting flexibility to the heat-resistant resin composition to increase the moldability of the coating film, and the filler has the function of increasing the nonflammability of the heat-resistant resin composition and increasing the foaming density. Have

  The occlusive elements 81 and 82 made of the fireproof foaming agent are tapes formed by applying a foaming agent layer to a tape substrate, preferably an adhesive tape, a tape made of the foaming agent itself, or a communication path 71 in the form of a coating film. Or it is provided on the inner surface of 72. Since the thickness of the blocking elements 81 and 82 may be about 1 mm, it is substantially negligible that the flow path cross-sectional area of the communication path 71 or 72 is reduced by the blocking elements 81 and 82. An area can be secured.

  The plugging elements 81 and 82 made of unfoamed fire-resistant foaming agent have the performance of foaming at a predetermined temperature lower than the heat-resistant temperature of the wood forming the support material and completing this foaming. The temperature at which the foaming starts is, for example, 60 ° C. to 250 ° C., preferably 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. When the temperature exceeds this temperature, the foaming is completed. It is substantially cut off. As the foaming agent constituting the closing elements 81 and 82, in addition to the above-mentioned examples, general commercial products that burn by heat and swell and become solid in this swelled state can be used.

In the present embodiment, a tape formed by applying a foaming agent layer to a tape base material is used for the closing elements 81 and 82. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the closing element 81 continuously extends in the longitudinal direction of the end joist 53 and is bonded to the end joist 53, and the end joist 53 and the floor joist 52 nailed thereto. And an end face of the floor receiving joist 57, and an end joist 53 and a spacer 55 nailed thereto. As shown in FIGS . 5 and 6 , the closing element 82 extends in the longitudinal direction of the side joist 56 and is adhered to the side joist 56, and between the side joist 56 and the spacer 58 nailed to the side joist 56. It is sandwiched between.

  The wall 11 of the house 1 having the above-described configuration is a plurality of opposed support members of the floor assembly structure 51 that receives the weight on the floor, that is, the end joists 53 placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the house 1. And a communication passage 71 formed by a stopper 55 and a spacer 55 sandwiched between them and driven by a gold nail 66, and a plurality of opposite support members of the floor assembly 51, that is, , A side joist 56 and a floor joist 57 placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the house 1, and a communication passage 72 formed by spacers 58 sandwiched between them and hammered by a gold nail 67. ing. Since the lower passage side air passage portion 21 and the upper floor air passage portion 41 of the wall air passage 17 are communicated with each other through the communication passages 71 and 72, the passage passes through the portion receiving the weight on the floor inside the heat insulating layer 15. Aeration in the wall is possible. A ventilation path around the communication passages 71 and 72 is represented by a dotted arrow in FIG.

  In the summer, the house 1 is used by opening the under-floor damper 4 and opening the exhaust damper 18c of the forced ventilation device 18 to operate the ventilation fan 18b. As a result, outside heat insulation is performed by the heat insulation layer 15 disposed inside the jacket material, and the outside ventilation by the outside air passage 16 outside the heat insulation layer 15 and the wall internal ventilation passage 17 inside the heat insulation layer 15 are performed. Inside ventilation is performed.

  Outdoor air taken in from the opening at the lower end 16a of the outer ventilation passage 16 is raised by the outside ventilation by the natural ventilation, rises up the outer ventilation passage 16, and is discharged to the outside from the exhaust portion 19 of the roof 12. This outside ventilation exhausts heat and exhausts moisture in the outer shell of the house 1.

  On the other hand, the air sucked into the underfloor space 2a from the underfloor ventilation port 3 by the ventilation force of the forced ventilator 18 is mixed with the air cooled in the underfloor space 2a, and then the downstairs ventilation of the wall ventilation passage 17 is used. The air is sucked into the road portion 21 and rises, and is sucked from the downstairs air passage portion 21 into the upper airflow passage portion 41 through the communication passages 71 and 72 of the floor assembly structure 51 and sucked into the attic space 13 from here. After being exhausted, it is exhausted to the outside through the forced ventilation device 18. As a result, heat and moisture collected in the attic space 13 through the wall ventilation passage 17 are released to the outside, and the temperature rise in the living rooms 5 to 8 is suppressed. Comfort can be secured.

  The house 1 is used in winter when the underfloor damper 4 is closed and the exhaust damper 18c of the forced ventilation device 18 is closed to stop the operation of the ventilation fan 18b. As a result, outside heat insulation is performed by the heat insulation layer 15 disposed inside the jacket material, and the outside ventilation by the outer ventilation path 16 outside the heat insulation layer 15 and the ventilation by natural circulation inside the heat insulation layer 15. Is done. The ventilation by the natural circulation inside the heat insulating layer 15 rises by heating the air inside the heat insulating layer 15 on the side receiving solar radiation, and the air inside the heat insulating layer 15 is cold on the shade side. The warm air inside the heat insulating layer 15 is not exhausted to the outside. Thereby, the living rooms 5-8 are placed in a warm environment, and it is possible to ensure good comfort and comfort in winter.

  As described above, when the house 1 capable of ventilating inside the heat insulation layer 15 encounters a fire, in the unlikely event that a flame inside the room or outside enters the wall, However, the communication passages 71 and 72 may be exposed to a high temperature, but the gold nail can be protected from the high temperature and the strength of the house 1 can be maintained.

  That is, the gold nails 66 and 67 are driven through the spacers 55 and 58 that secure the communication paths 71 and 72 and are not exposed to the communication paths 71 and 72. For this reason, even if the communication paths 71 and 72 become a high temperature environment due to a flame or the like when a fire occurs, the gold nails 66 and 67 can be prevented from being exposed to the high temperature by the spacers 55 and 58.

  In this case, at least the end joist 53 and the anti-slip 54 of the end joist 53 and the anti-slip 54 which are the support members sandwiching the spacer 55 may be dried and thermally contracted due to the temperature rise. However, when the temperature atmosphere in the communication path 71 reaches a predetermined high temperature state, the closing element 81 is expanded and expanded, and the space between the end joist 53 and the spacer 55 is filled with the closing element 81 and is used as a thermal expansion material. Since the functioning blocking element 81 presses the spacer 55 against the anti-slip 54, the formation of a gap between the end joist 53 and the spacer 55 and between the spacer 55 and the anti-stop 54 is suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the high temperature from reaching the gold nail 66 through the space between the spacer 55 and the end joist 53 and the stopper 54 sandwiching the spacer 55. Further, since the spacer 55 has a thermal conductivity far lower than that of metal, it is possible to suppress high heat in the communication path 71 from being transmitted to the gold nail 66 through the spacer 55.

  Such a situation is the same also in the relationship between the side joist 56 and the floor support joist 57 which are support materials sandwiching the spacer 58, and the gold nail 67 which connects them. In other words, at least the side joist 56 and the floor support joist 57 among the spacer 58, the side joist 56 and the floor support joist 57 may be dried and thermally contracted due to the temperature rise. However, when the temperature atmosphere in the communication passage 72 reaches a predetermined high temperature state, the closing element 82 expands and expands, and the space between the side joist 56 and the spacer 58 is filled with the closing element 82 and is used as a thermal expansion material. Since the functioning blocking element 82 presses the spacer 58 against the floor receiving joist 57, the formation of a gap between the side joist 56 and the spacer 58 and between the spacer 58 and the floor receiving joist 57 is suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the high temperature from reaching the gold nail 67 through the spacer 58, the side joist 56 sandwiching the spacer 58, and the floor support joist 57. In addition, since the spacer 58 has a much lower thermal conductivity than metal, it is possible to suppress high heat in the communication path 72 from being transmitted to the gold nail 67 through the spacer 58.

  Thus, the thermal deterioration of the gold nails 66 and 67 can be suppressed, such as the gold nails 66 and 67 abnormally extending or melting due to high temperature. As a result, the strength reduction of the frame-shaped peripheral part of the floor structure 51 that receives the weight on the floor is suppressed. In the event of a fire, for example, it is possible to prevent the window on the floor from dropping off, or to prevent the house 1 from being abnormally distorted after the fire.

  In addition, the closing elements 81 and 82 continuously extending along the longitudinal direction of the floor joists 52 or the side joists 56 are expanded and expanded as described above at a high temperature, so that they are positioned above the closing elements 81 and 82. The nails that are driven in can be prevented from being exposed to high temperatures. This is also effective in maintaining the strength of the house 1.

  Further, as described above, when the inside of the communication passages 71 and 72 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the closing elements 81 and 82 are foamed and expanded. Therefore, the communication passages 71 and 72 are blocked by the foamed closing elements 81 and 82, Ventilation and flame passing through the communication passages 71 and 72 can be cut off. Thereby, the fire spread to the upper direction of the communicating paths 71 and 72 can be suppressed.

  The communication path 71 is formed using an end joist 53, a stopper 54, and a spacer 55, which are members for configuring the periphery of the floor assembly structure 51. Similarly, the communication path 72 is also formed of the floor assembly structure 51. It is formed using a side joist 56, a floor receiving joist 57, and a spacer 58, which are members for constituting the peripheral portion. The communication passages 71 and 72 for ensuring the restricted ventilation cross-sectional area are formed in the peripheral portion of the floor assembly structure 51 receiving the weight on the floor, and a member for ensuring the restricted ventilation sectional area, In addition, there is no need to install this member, and therefore, the number of assembling steps for the wall body 11 can be reduced, so that the construction period and cost can be reduced.

  In addition, since the peripheries of the floor structure 51 receiving the weight on the floor are made strong so as not to cause deformation or the like, the ventilation cross-sectional areas of the communication passages 71 and 72 are likely to change due to secular change or the like. Absent. Therefore, the ability to cut off the ventilation of the communication passages 71 and 72 due to the foaming and expansion of the blocking elements 81 and 82 in a fire is excellent.

  Further, the closing elements 81 and 82 which foam and expand at a predetermined temperature or more due to a fire are continuously extended along the longitudinal direction of the floor joists 52 or the side joists 56, and the floor joists 52 functioning as a closing element support material. It is sandwiched between the spacer 55 or between the side joist 56 and the spacer 58 that also function as a closing element support member. In other words, since the closure elements 81 and 82 are attached and held at predetermined positions using members for configuring the peripheral portion of the floor assembly structure 51, the holding performance at the predetermined positions is excellent, and it lasts for several decades. There is no fear that the closing elements 81 and 82 will drop out over a long period of time. For this reason, the closure elements 81 and 82 can be made to function reliably at the time of a fire, and the ventilation | gas_flowing and flame which pass along the communicating paths 71 and 72 can be cut off.

  As described above, the house 1 of the present embodiment has the communication passages 71 and 72 formed on the periphery of the floor assembly structure 51 that receives the weight of the floor, using the members that form the periphery. The lower air passage portion 21 and the upper air passage portion 41 communicate with each other to secure the wall air passage 17 on the inner side of the heat insulating layer 15, and the periphery of the floor structure 51 during and after a fire. The fire resistance of the house 1 can be obtained by blocking the ventilation through the communication passages 71 and 72 in the event of a fire.

  FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. Since this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment are described. Will be explained.

  In the second embodiment, the spacer 55 is not disposed in the vertical direction, but is disposed in a horizontal direction between the end joist 53 as a support material and the anti-slip 54 (both not shown in FIG. 9). Yes. The lower surface of the spacer 55 thus arranged faces the vent hole 25a, and the upper surface of the spacer 55 faces the vent hole 46a. Further, the distance A between the end of the spacer 55 and the floor joist 52 or the floor joist 56 (not shown in FIG. 9) is (5 to 50) mm, preferably (30 ± 5) in order to obtain a good fire stop action. ) Mm. In relation to the arrangement of the spacer 55, the closing element 81 is arranged at substantially the same height as the spacer 55 that sandwiches the closing element 81 with the end joist 53. The same applies to the arrangement of the spacer 58 and the closing element 82 not shown in FIG. The configuration other than the points described above is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  Therefore, even in the second embodiment, the problem of the present invention can be solved by the same operation as in the first embodiment. Moreover, in the second embodiment, the laterally arranged spacers 55 and 58 are preferable in that they can function as a fire stop material that prevents the flame from passing straight upward. A ventilation path around each communication path is represented by the communication path 71 shown in FIG. 8, and is indicated by a dotted arrow in the figure. Further, in the second embodiment, a part of the closing elements 81 and 82 are sandwiched between the end joist 53 and the stopper 54 and the spacer 55 which are the support members, and a part sandwiching the closing elements 81 and 82. Since the gold nail 66, which is a connecting hardware, is driven through, the spacer 55 and the closing elements 81 and 82 that foam and expand due to high temperature and carbonize when the flame intrudes into the wall. It is excellent in that the protective action against high heat can be exhibited more effectively. Further, the end joist 53 and part of the blocking elements 81 and 82 sandwiched between the stopper 54 and the spacer 55 function as a thermal expansion material by the expansion of the foam, and the thermal contraction of the member sandwiching this part. Regardless of this, the formation of a gap between these members can be prevented.

  10 and 11 show a third embodiment of the present invention. Since this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment are described. Will be explained.

In the third embodiment, the communication paths 71 and 72 (hereinafter, represented by the communication path 71) are placed in a horizontal direction along the outer periphery of the house 1 and receive a plurality of opposing support materials that receive weight on the floor. And a spacer formed by striking and sandwiching between the support members with a connecting metal member , and by placing a spacer with a connecting metal member on one side surface of the single support member.

  That is, reference numeral 91 in FIGS. 10 and 11 is a torso that functions as a support member that is placed in the horizontal direction along the outer periphery of the house 1 and receives the weight on the floor. The floor receiving joists not fixed are fixed by gold nails 62 or the like. Spacers 55 struck by a gold nail 66 are fixed to the outer surface of the barrel 91 at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the barrel 91. These spacers 55 are in contact with the extended portions 27 a or 47 a of the exterior panel 27 or 47. For this reason, a plurality of communication passages 71 whose upper and lower ends are opened are formed by the extending portion of the exterior panel 27 or 47, the outer surface of the body 91, and the spacer 55. Accordingly, the upper frame 24 communicating with the lower end of the communication passage 71 and the ventilation portion of the head joint 25 are formed by notched ventilation grooves 24b and 25b, and communicated with the upper end of the communication passage 71. The lower frame 46 and the ventilation part of the floor board 75 are formed by ventilation grooves 46b and 75b which are both cut out. A blocking element 81 facing the communication path 71 extends continuously along the outer surface of the body 91 and is sandwiched between the outer surface and the spacer 55. Although not shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the same applies to the side of the communication path 72 formed along the spacer 58. The configuration other than the points described above is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  Therefore, even in the third embodiment, the problem of the present invention can be solved by the same operation as in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 12 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Since this embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the third embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, differences from the third embodiment are described. Will be explained.

In the fourth embodiment, the spacer 55 is made of a single member. The spacer 55 has the same length as, for example, the body 91 that functions as a support material, and has a plurality of convex portions 55a and a plurality of grooves 55b adjacent to the one side surface along the longitudinal direction. The upper and lower ends of the groove 55b are open. The spacer 55 is a gold that is a connection hardware that is driven into the floor joist 52 through the convex portion 55a at a position corresponding to the floor joist 52 with the tip surface of each convex portion 55a in contact with one side surface of the trunk 91. The nail 62 is fixed to the trunk 91. In addition, a gold nail 66 for further fixing the spacer 55 and the barrel 91 is driven into the other convex portion 55a. By fixing the spacer 55 to the trunk 91, a plurality of communication paths 71 having upper and lower ends opened are formed between the spacer 55 and the trunk 91. The other flat side surface of the spacer 55 that does not have unevenness is in contact with the extending portion 27a (47a) of the exterior panel 27 (or 47 ). The closing element 81 extends continuously along the outer surface of the body 91 and is sandwiched between the outer surface and the convex portion 55 a of the spacer 55. The non-clamping portion of the closing element 81 faces the communication path 71. Further, although not shown in FIG. 12, the same applies to the other communication path 72 side. The configuration other than the points described above is the same as that of the third embodiment.

  Therefore, even in the fourth embodiment, the problem of the present invention can be solved by the same operation as in the third embodiment.

  FIG. 13 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Since this embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the third embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, differences from the third embodiment are described. Will be explained.

  In 5th Embodiment, the convex part 55c which functions as the spacer 55 is integrally provided in the body insertion 91 which functions as a support material, for example. That is, one side surface of the trunk 91 close to the exterior panel 27a (or 47a) has a plurality of convex portions 55c spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the trunk 91 and a plurality of functions functioning as the communication path 71 adjacent thereto. And a groove 55d. The upper and lower ends of the groove 55d are open. A floor joist 52 is fixed to the inner side surface of the trunk 91 by a gold nail 62 which is a connecting hardware driven through a convex portion 55c at a position corresponding to the floor joist 52. The front end surface of each convex portion 55c is in contact with the exterior panel 27a (or 47a). A plurality of communication passages 71 are formed between the trunk 91 and the exterior panel 27a (or 47a). The closing element 81 extends continuously in the horizontal direction along the exterior panel 27 a and is sandwiched between the exterior panel 27 a and the convex portion 55 c of the body 91. The non-clamping portion of the closing element 81 faces the communication path 71. Further, although not shown in FIG. 13, the same applies to the other communication path 72 side. The configuration other than the points described above is the same as that of the third embodiment.

  Therefore, even in the fifth embodiment, the problem of the present invention can be solved by the same operation as in the third embodiment.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the first and second embodiments, the closing element 81 (or 82) is sandwiched between the spacer 55 (or 58) and the anti-spinning 54 (or floor support joist 57) that is the inner support material. Alternatively, they can be arranged on both sides of the spacer 55 (or 58) and sandwiched as described above. Similarly, in the third embodiment, the closing element 81 (or 82) can be sandwiched between the spacer 55 (or 58) and the exterior panel, or disposed on both sides of the spacer 55 (or 58). And can be sandwiched as described above.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, in the ventilation path extending between the underfloor space and the attic space, the wall body adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the wall ventilation path by the communication path disposed at the intermediate position in the height direction of the wall ventilation path. Although the vent passage portions are communicated with each other, the present invention can be practiced by arranging a communication passage at the lower end in the height direction of the vent passage in the wall in order to communicate the vent passage in the wall and the underfloor space. In addition, it is also possible to arrange a communication path at the upper end in the height direction of the wall ventilation path in order to communicate the wall ventilation path and the cabin space.

  Further, the present invention relates to a house such as a house in which a wall ventilation path is formed inside the heat insulation layer without using a framed wall, and a house or the like in which a wall ventilation path is formed inside the heat insulation layer without having an outer ventilation path. It is also applicable to.

The schematic sectional drawing which shows the house provided with the wall body which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the hut back circumference of the wall provided with the house of FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the under floor of a wall provided in the house of FIG. 1. Sectional drawing which shows the floor assembly structure with which the house of FIG. 1 was equipped. The perspective view which shows the floor assembly structure of FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the floor assembly structure of FIG. 5. The cross-sectional top view which expands and shows a part of floor assembly structure of FIG. Sectional drawing shown along the F8-F8 line | wire in FIG. Sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 8 which shows the flooring structure of the house provided with the wall body which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 4 which shows the flooring structure of the house provided with the wall body which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line F11-F11 in Fig. 10. Sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 11 of the house provided with the wall body which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 11 of the house provided with the wall body which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Residential 2a ... Underfloor space 11 ... Wall body 13 ... Shack space 15 ... Heat insulation layer 17 ... In-wall ventilation path 21 ... Downstairs side ventilation path part 22 ... Downstairs frame assembly 23 ... Vertical frame 24 ... Upper frame 25 ... Head connection 26 ... Bottom frame
27, 47 ... exterior panel
27a, 47a ... Extended panel extended portions 24a, 25a, 26a ... Vents (vents)
33 …… Vent (vent)
41 ... Upper floor air passage part 42 ... Upper frame assembly 43 ... Vertical frame 44 ... Upper frame 45 ... Head connection 46 ... Lower frame 44a, 45a, 46a ... Vent hole (ventilation part)
51 ... Floor assembly 52 ... Floor joist (support material)
53 ... Hitajota (support material)
54. Anti-rolling (support material)
55 ... Spacer 55 a ... Spacer convex part 55 b ... Spacer groove 55 c ... Projected part functioning as a spacer 55 d ... Convex part functioning as a communication path 56 ... Side joist (support material)
57 ... Floor bearing joists (support material)
58 ... Spacers 61 to 67 ... Gold nails (connecting hardware)
71, 72 ... Communication passage 75a ... Communication hole 81, 82 ... Closure element (thermal expansion material)
91 ... Torso (support material)

Claims (10)

In a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer,
A support material that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the building and receives weight, and is struck to the support material with a connecting hardware to form a communication path with the support material, and heat shrinkage is smaller than that of wood and A spacer made of a heat-resistant material having a thermal conductivity smaller than that of a metal, and in the communication path, the upper-side airway part and the lower-side airway part of the wall-side airway adjacent to the support material as a boundary, or the support A wall of a building characterized in that the wall ventilation path and the underfloor space adjacent to the boundary of the material, or the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material and the shed space are communicated. In a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer,
A support member that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the building and receives weight, and a spacer that is struck by a connecting hardware on a side surface of the support member, and the spacer includes a plurality of continuous members. A plurality of protrusions that form a passage and are made of a heat-resistant material having a thermal contraction smaller than that of wood and having a thermal conductivity smaller than that of a metal , and the spacer is in contact with the support material and through which the connection hardware is passed. And a groove for the communication passage that is open at both upper and lower ends adjacent to the convex portions, and the upper ventilation passage of the wall ventilation passage adjacent to the support material in the communication passage. The in-wall ventilation path and the underfloor space adjacent to the part and the downstairs ventilation path part or the support material as a boundary, or the in-wall ventilation path and the back space adjacent to the support material as a boundary are communicated. A wall of a building characterized by   2. The communication passage is provided with a closing element that expands and expands so as to keep the communication passage open at a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature and close the communication passage at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature. 2. The wall of the building according to 2. In a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer,
A support material that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the building and receives weight, and is formed of a material that is struck to the support material with a connecting metal , forms a communication path with the support material, and has a lower thermal conductivity than metal. A lower-side airway portion and a lower-side airway portion of the wall-side air passage adjacent to the support material at the boundary in the communication path, or the wall-side air passageway adjacent to the support material at the boundary. And the underfloor space or the wall ventilation passage adjacent to the support material and the shed space, and a thermal expansion made of a material having lower thermal conductivity than the metal between the spacer and the support material A wall of a building characterized by sandwiching materials.   When the temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, the communication passage is maintained in an open state, and when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the communication passage is provided with a closing element that expands and expands so that the communication passage is closed. The building wall according to claim 4, wherein the building wall is used as a material. In a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer,
A support material that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the building and receives weight on the floor, and is made of a material that is struck to the support material with a connecting metal and forms a communication path with the support material and has a lower thermal conductivity than metal. A plurality of spacers formed, and in the communication path, adjacent to the support material, the upper and lower airflow passage portions and the lower airflow passage portion of the intramural airway, or adjacent to the support material. The wall ventilation path and the underfloor space, or the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material as a boundary and the shed space are communicated,
When the temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, the communication path is maintained in an open state, and when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, a part of the closing element that expands and expands so as to close the communication path faces the communication path, and the longitudinal direction of the support member The building wall is characterized in that it is continuously provided along the wall, and the closing element is sandwiched between the support member and a member that is struck against the support member. In a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer,
A support material that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the building and receives weight, and a heat-resistant material that is struck to the support material with a connecting hardware and that has a smaller thermal shrinkage than wood and a lower thermal conductivity than metal And a spacer made of
The support material is provided with a floor joist provided in the floor structure receiving the weight on the floor and a roll stopper disposed inside the end joist , and a side joist provided in the floor structure and the inner side of the side joist. Floor joists,
The spacer is sandwiched between the end joist and the anti- roller , and between the side joist and the floor joist, respectively, and corresponds to the thickness of the spacer, between the end joist and the anti-roller and these Between the spacers sandwiched and between the side joists and floor receiving joists and the spacers sandwiched between them, air passages are formed respectively .
In the communication path, the upper airway portion and the lower airway portion of the wall air passage adjacent to the support material as a boundary, or the wall air passage and the underfloor space adjacent to the support material, Alternatively, the wall of the building is characterized in that the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material as a boundary communicates with the shed space . The spacer is laterally arranged, and an upper side surface of the spacer is opposed to the vent hole of the upper floor air passage portion , and a lower side surface of the spacer is opposed to the vent hole of the lower floor air passage portion. The building wall according to claim 7, wherein In a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that communicates the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer,
A support material that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the building and receives weight, and a heat-resistant material that is struck to the support material with a connecting hardware and that has a smaller thermal shrinkage than wood and a lower thermal conductivity than metal And a spacer made of
The spacers are fixed to the outer surface of the support material at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support material, and the support material is in contact with an exterior panel installed in contact with the heat insulating layer. A communication path in which upper and lower ends are opened is formed by the panel, the outer surface of the support member, and the spacer ,
In the communication path, the upper airway portion and the lower airway portion of the wall air passage adjacent to the support material as a boundary, or the wall air passage and the underfloor space adjacent to the support material, Alternatively, the wall of the building is characterized in that the wall ventilation path adjacent to the support material as a boundary communicates with the shed space . Building provided with the wall according to any one of claims 1 9.

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