JP3127401U - Inside / outside wall structure of wooden buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an inner / outer wall structure of a wooden building that can improve the fire resistance performance compared to the inner / outer wall structure of a conventional wooden building and can make the wooden building a "fireproof structure". And
An inner / outer wall structure 1 of a wooden building according to the present invention includes a casing 2 made of wood, a base layer 3 disposed outside the casing 2, and an outer side of the base layer 3. A waterproof layer 4 provided, a fire-resistant ventilator edge 12 disposed outside the waterproof layer 4 to form a vent layer 5 through which air flows, and an outer side of the fire-resistant ventilator edge 12. A fireproof waterproof layer 6 and a fireproof layer 20 disposed outside the fireproof waterproof layer 6, the fireproof layer 20 comprising a first layer 21 made of a fireproof coating material mainly composed of cement, and A third layer 23 and a second layer 22 made of a lath material having a mesh structure are provided, and the first layer to the third layer are laminated in order toward the outside. .
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an inner / outer wall structure of a wooden building, and more particularly to an inner / outer wall structure of a wooden building that satisfies a predetermined fire resistance.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the inner and outer walls of a conventional wooden building have a housing 50 composed of a plurality of columns (vertical frame members) 51, 51,... And horizontal members (horizontal frame members) 52, 52,. (See (a) in FIG. 8), a heat insulating material 53 is disposed, and a base plate 54 is provided outside the housing 50 (outside), and a trunk edge 55 is provided outside the base plate 54. A combustible outer wall material 56 is disposed, and an inner wall material 57 is disposed on the inner side (indoor side) of the housing 50 (see FIG. 8B). Then, a quasi-incombustible material, a non-combustible material, or a flame retardant material was used for the base face plate 54 (see Patent Document 1).

  In the case of the inner and outer walls having such a structure, even if the outer wall material is a combustible material, the base plate 54 is difficult to penetrate the flame and prevents heat transfer. Can be protected from heat. As a result, the inner and outer walls of the wooden building can have fire resistance equivalent to that of a so-called “quasi-fireproof structure”.

In addition, by using a flammable material as the base plate and a semi-incombustible material as the outer wall material, it is also widely and generally performed to make the inner and outer walls of a wooden building “semi-fireproof structure”. ing.
JP 2002-356944 A

  However, when a building is constructed in a fire prevention area or a semi-fire prevention area, if the building has a “semi-fireproof structure”, the size and use of the building are limited. Therefore, with the conventional inner and outer wall structures, it has not been possible to construct a wooden building of a certain size or more in a fire prevention area or a semi-fire prevention area.

  Therefore, there has been a demand for an inner / outer wall structure of a wooden building having fire resistance equivalent to the “fireproof structure” that is not subject to the above restrictions.

  Therefore, the present invention provides an inner / outer wall structure of a wooden building that can improve the fire resistance performance compared with the inner / outer wall structure of a conventional wooden building and can make the wooden building a “fireproof structure”. This is the issue.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the inner and outer wall structures of the wooden building according to the present invention have a casing made of wood, a base layer disposed outside the casing, and an outer side of the base layer. A waterproof layer provided, a fireproof ventilator edge disposed outside the waterproof layer to form a vent layer through which air flows, and a fireproof waterproof layer disposed outside the fireproof ventilator edge A fireproof layer disposed outside the fireproof waterproof layer, the fireproof layer being a lath material having a mesh structure and a first layer and a third layer composed of a fireproof coating material mainly composed of cement. And a second layer that is configured, and the first layer to the third layer are sequentially stacked outward.

  According to such a configuration, since the base layer, the waterproof layer, the fireproof ventilation trunk edge, the fireproof waterproof layer, and the fireproof layer are disposed in order from the outside of the housing, even if heat from the flame is applied to the fireproof layer from the outside. The heat conducted to the base layer can be greatly reduced by the breathable layer formed by the fireproof layer, the fireproof waterproof layer and the fireproof ventilator edge having nonflammability. For this reason, it is possible to suitably prevent conduction of heat to the extent that it ignites or burns to a base layer that does not have nonflammability. In the present invention, the outside means the outdoor side, and the inside means the indoor side.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure further arrange | positioned in the inner side of the said housing | casing further in order toward a inner side, a fireproof layer comprised of a base layer, a waterproof layer, a fireproof ventilation trunk edge, a fireproof waterproof layer, and three layers.

  According to such a configuration, the base layer, the waterproof layer, the fireproof ventilating rim, the fireproof waterproof layer and the fireproof layer are disposed in order on the outer side and the inner side of the casing, respectively, so that only the flame generated outdoors In addition, even with a flame generated indoors, the heat conducted to the underlayer can be greatly reduced, and the fireproof performance can be maintained without the underlayer being ignited or burned.

  The fireproof ventilator edge may be formed of calcium silicate.

  According to such a configuration, since the fireproof ventilator edge is formed of calcium silicate, a fireproof ventilator edge having high fire resistance and heat insulation can be obtained. Therefore, the refractory ventilation casing edge itself is not ignited or burned by the heat from the flame from the outside, and the fire resistance performance of the inner and outer walls in the wooden building can be further improved. In addition, since calcium silicate is inexpensive and easy to process, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the refractory ventilator edge and to improve the working efficiency when making the outer wall.

  Moreover, the said fireproof ventilation trunk edge is good also as a structure formed in a narrow board shape.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to easily form a ventilation layer having an appropriate thickness. That is, a space (gap) that is the same as the thickness of the refractory ventilation trunk edge is waterproofed by being arranged so that the small-plate-shaped refractory ventilation trunk edge is sandwiched between the waterproof layer and the fireproof waterproofing layer. It is formed between the layer and the fireproof and waterproof layer, and such a space constitutes a ventilation layer. Therefore, the ventilation layer can be easily adjusted to a suitable thickness by changing the thickness of the refractory ventilation trunk edge.

  Moreover, the said fireproof waterproof layer is good also as a structure comprised with the waterproof nonflammable felt which has a silicate compound as a main component.

  According to such a configuration, since the fireproof waterproof layer is formed of a waterproof and incombustible felt, it is possible to prevent moisture and other water from entering the housing side of the inner and outer walls, and it is difficult for heat to be conducted inside. That is, since the waterproof non-combustible felt has non-combustibility, the waterproof non-combustible felt does not burn by heat conducted from the outside, and the heat can be reduced while the heat is conducted in the thickness direction inside. As a result, the heat conducted to the foundation layer can be further reduced, and the fire resistance performance of the inner and outer walls in the wooden building can be further improved.

  In addition, in order to prevent the fireproof layer from falling off, a dropout prevention piece having a locking surface that increases the width of the main body toward the outside is attached to the outside of the fireproof ventilator edge via the fireproof waterproof layer. And it is good also as a structure further arrange | positioned so that it may be embedded in a fireproof layer.

  According to such a configuration, the drop-off prevention piece has a locking surface that increases the width of the main body toward the outside, is attached to the outside of the fireproof ventilator edge via the fireproof waterproof layer, and is attached to the fireproof layer. Since it is further arranged so as to be embedded, the locking surface engages with the fireproof layer, and it is possible to effectively prevent the fireproof layer from falling off or peeling off from the fireproof waterproof layer over a long period of time.

  Further, the drop-off prevention piece may be configured by a rectangular or cubic incombustible material, and the locking surface may be configured by an inclined surface having a predetermined angle with respect to the mounting surface.

  According to such a configuration, the locking surface is configured by forming a slope having a predetermined angle with respect to the mounting surface on a rectangular or cubic incombustible material. Can be formed. That is, when a rectangular or cubic incombustible material composed of calcium silicate or the like is attached to a fireproof ventilator edge through a fireproof waterproof layer, the noncombustible material is formed from the side in contact with the fireproof waterproof layer toward the outside. Since it suffices to form a slope with a wider width, the drop-off prevention piece can be formed easily and inexpensively. Furthermore, since it is formed of a non-combustible material composed of the calcium silicate or the like, it can be easily attached to the attachment surface (outer surface of the fireproof waterproof layer) with staples, nails or the like.

  The predetermined angle may be 45 ° or more and less than 90 °.

  According to this configuration, since the angle of the locking surface (slope) with respect to the mounting surface is 45 ° or more and less than 90 °, it is possible to suitably prevent the fireproof layer from falling off. That is, when the angle is smaller than 45 °, the angle formed between the outer surface (attachment surface) of the fireproof waterproof layer and the locking surface is small, and the fireproof layer does not easily enter the portion when embedded in the fireproof layer. Thus, the engagement between the locking surface and the fireproof layer is weakened, and it is impossible to suitably prevent the fireproof layer from falling off or peeling off from the fireproof waterproof layer. Further, when the angle is 90 °, the angle formed between the outer surface of the fireproof waterproof layer and the locking surface is a right angle, that is, the width of the drop-off prevention piece is not increased toward the outside, and is the same width. The movement of the refractory layer to the outside cannot be suitably suppressed.

  Moreover, the said fireproof coating material is good also as a structure comprised with an inorganic type premix mortar.

  According to such a configuration, since it is composed of an inorganic premixed mortar, the fireproof coating material contains inorganic powder having crystal water, and even if heat from a flame is applied from the outside, the temperature of the fireproof coating material is If it becomes a predetermined value or more, the crystal water absorbs the heat and desorbs from the inorganic powder, so that an increase in the temperature of the fireproof coating material can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the said fireproof coating material also contains a lightweight aggregate and this lightweight aggregate has an inorganic hollow body, it is highly heat-insulating and it can make it difficult to transmit heat to a base layer.

  Furthermore, since the said fireproof coating material also contains a fiber and this fiber works as a tie material, when coating a fireproof coating material, it becomes easy to apply the thickness thickly. For this reason, when the fireproof coating material is applied to the lath material, the fireproof coating material layer can be thickened, and the heat is less easily transmitted to the base layer on the indoor side.

  Therefore, the inner and outer walls of the wooden building provided with the fireproof layer are less likely to transmit heat to the base layer on the indoor side, and higher fireproof performance can be obtained.

  Moreover, the said fireproof layer is good also as a structure whose thickness is 30 mm or more.

  The fire-resistant layer has higher fire resistance and heat insulation properties in proportion to its thickness, but according to such a configuration, the fire resistance is improved when the thickness is 30 mm or more, and the wooden structure having the fire-resistant layer is provided. The inner and outer walls of the building can have fire resistance equivalent to that of the fireproof structure.

  The lath material may be made of metal lath or expanded metal.

  According to such a configuration, it becomes easy to apply a thick fire-resistant coating material, and it is easy to fix the fire-resistant layer to the fire-resistant waterproof layer by fixing the metal lath or the expanded metal to the fire-resistant ventilator edge via the fire-resistant waterproof layer. .

  Further, the base layer may be configured by a structural plywood.

  According to this configuration, an inexpensive and light outer wall can be constructed. The structural plywood preferably has a thickness of 9 mm or more.

  Further, the casing may be configured by a plurality of vertical frame members and horizontal frame members, and a heat insulating material may be disposed in a space surrounded by the vertical frame members and the horizontal frame members.

  According to such a configuration, less heat is transmitted through the outer wall. That is, heat from the outside (outdoor) is not easily transmitted to the inside, and heat from the inside (indoor) is also not easily transmitted to the outside. As a result, the fireproof performance is further improved, and the utility cost such as cooling and heating can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the said heat insulating material is good also as a structure comprised with glass wool.

  According to such a configuration, since the heat insulating material is made of glass wool, it is inexpensive and has high heat insulating properties, and since it is light and easy to deform, a heat insulating material that is easy to construct can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the fireproof performance can be improved as compared with the inner and outer wall structure of the conventional wooden building, and the inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building that can make the wooden building “fireproof structure”. Can be provided.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inner / outer wall (inner / outer wall structure) 1 of a wooden building according to the present embodiment has an underlayer 3, a waterproof layer 4, and an outer side (outdoor side) of a housing 2 that is a structural member. The ventilation layer 5, the fireproof waterproof layer 6 and the fireproof layer 20 are disposed in order, and the base layer 3, the waterproof layer 4, the breathable layer 5, the fireproof waterproof layer 6 and the fireproof layer are similarly disposed on the inner side (indoor side) of the housing 2. 20 is arranged in order. That is, the inner and outer walls 1 according to this embodiment are formed by laminating a plurality of layers symmetrically toward the outer side and the inner side with the housing 2 as the center. Therefore, in the following description, the configuration of the outer wall on the outer side of the casing 2 will be described, and the description of the configuration of the inner wall on the inner side of the casing 2 will be omitted.

  The inner and outer walls 1 are constructed on the foundation B of a wooden building. The foundation portion B is configured by laminating a concrete foundation Ba and a base Bb in order from the bottom. Further, a drain metal M is provided at the lower end of the inner and outer walls 1 on the outer side of the housing 2 to prevent rainwater and the like from entering the base portion B through the inner and outer walls 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the frame 2 is one of structural members that support the load and external force of the building, and includes a lower frame member 7 installed on the base part B, and an upper frame member 7. .., Standing pillars 8, 8,..., Standing pillars 9, 9,. And the upper frame member 10 that connects the upper ends of the studs 9, 9,... (Hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “vertical frame members 8, 9,...”).

  The lower frame member 7, the vertical frame members 8, 9 and the upper frame member 10 are all formed of a long wooden member having a rectangular or square cross section, for example, cedar, firewood, pine, hiba, aggregate, etc. They are fastened together with nails or screws. The vertical frame members 8, 9,... Are erected at equal intervals so that the horizontal interval is 500 mm or less. In the frame shape formed by the vertical frame members 8 and 9, the lower frame member 7 and the upper frame member 10, braces may be provided on diagonal lines.

  The space formed between the vertical frame members 8, 9,... Is filled with the heat insulating materials 11, 11,. In this embodiment, the heat insulating materials 11, 11,... Use an inorganic heat insulating material (for example, glass wool). However, the heat insulating materials need not be limited to this, and can be used for a building such as a heat insulating panel. Any material can be used.

  As the inorganic heat insulating material, a material that is nonflammable and does not easily melt by heat at the time of fire or whose heat insulating function is deteriorated is used. The inorganic heat insulating material can be easily filled when the space formed by the vertical frame members 8, 9,... And the upper and lower frame members 10, 7,. A wool-like or matte-like material that can be easily deformed is preferred. For example, a wool-like heat insulating material using glass fiber, ceramic fiber or the like.

  The foundation layer 3 is composed of a structural plywood 3 disposed on the outside (outdoor side) of the housing 2. As described above, the housing 2 and the structural plywood (underlying layer) 3 constituted by the upper and lower frame members 10, 7,... And the vertical frame members 8, 9,. Thus, the performance as a structural member will be exhibited. The structural plywood 3 is a plate formed by bonding thin plates with an adhesive, and is bonded so that the fiber directions of adjacent plates are orthogonal to each other. In this embodiment, the thickness is A structural plywood of 9 mm or more is used.

  The waterproof layer 4 is composed of a moisture permeable waterproof sheet 4 disposed along the outside of the base layer 3 (for example, affixed to the outer surface of the structural plywood 3 with an adhesive or the like). In the present embodiment, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 4 is used, but the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 4 is not limited to this, and moisture in the interior can be transmitted to be released to the outside, but moisture in the atmosphere is not transmitted. Any film or sheet having flexibility can be used as long as it can be prevented from entering indoors.

  The ventilation layer 5 is composed of fireproof ventilation trunk edges 12, 12,... And ventilation spaces S, S,. The fireproof ventilating rim 12 is configured by a narrow plate-like plate-like body (hereinafter, simply referred to as “small-width plate-like body”) 12 having a constant width and thickness. Uses a narrow plate-like body 12 made of fiber-mixed calcium silicate and having a width of 45 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. In the present embodiment, it is formed by cutting a plate-like calcium silicate plate into small widths. The refractory ventilator rim 12 is attached so as to face the vertical (vertical) direction, and the refractory ventilator rim 12a is attached so that the horizontal intervals between the adjacent refractory ventilator rims 12, 12 are equal. And a refractory ventilator rim 12b attached to face the horizontal (horizontal) direction. Specifically, the fireproof ventilating rims 12a, 12a,... Are placed on the base layer 3 via the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 4 at equal intervals so that the horizontal interval is 250 mm or less, and a fireproof waterproof layer 6 and a lath described later. Attached (fixed) together with the material 22 with staples or the like. That is, the fireproof ventilator edge 12 a is attached so that the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 4 is sandwiched between the fireproof ventilator edge 12 a and the base layer 3.

  The refractory ventilator edge 12b attached so as to face in the horizontal direction is set to a length that does not contact the refractory ventilator edge 12a attached so as to face in the vertical direction. That is, the fireproof ventilator edges 12b, 12b,... Attached so as to face in the lateral direction are shorter in length than the intervals between the vertical fireproof ventilator edges 12a, 12a,. It is formed as follows. By doing in this way, air can distribute | circulate between the front-end | tip of the horizontal fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12b, and the vertical fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12a, and air permeability is ensured.

  By disposing the fireproof waterproof layer 6 on the outside of the fireproof ventilator rim 12 attached in this manner, a gap (ventilation space) with a thickness of the fireproof ventilator rim 12 between the waterproof layer 4 and the fireproof waterproof layer 6. S) is formed. By allowing air to flow through the gap (ventilation space S), it is possible to suppress the heat conductivity from the outside air and prevent heat from the outside from being transmitted indoors. In addition, the air is circulated so that the humidity in the wall is constantly released, and indoor humidity control and condensation prevention can be achieved. An inner / outer wall structure by a so-called ventilation method is possible.

  The fire-resistant waterproof layer 6 is a layer for protecting the fire-resistant ventilation trunk edge 12, the casing 2, and the like from rain or the like that has penetrated from a gap or the like of the fire-resistant layer 20, and for preventing heat from being conducted inside. In, it is comprised with the waterproof incombustible felt 6. FIG. The waterproof non-combustible felt 6 is a sheet-like body containing a silicate compound as a main component and containing a nonwoven fabric, a synthetic resin, a hydroxide compound, calcium carbonate and the like.

  The refractory layer 20 is formed in a three-layer structure of a first layer to a third layer 21, 22, 23 in order from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The first to third layers include a first layer 21 and a third layer 23 made of a fireproof coating material mainly composed of cement, and a second layer 22 made of a lath material having a mesh structure. ing.

  The fire-resistant coating materials 21 and 23 constituting the first layer and the third layer are fire-resistant coating materials mainly composed of cement, and are heat-insulating and non-flammable coating materials. In this embodiment, it is comprised with the inorganic type premix mortar. The inorganic premix mortar is composed of lightweight aggregate, inorganic powder containing crystal water, fibers, and the like.

  The lath material 22 constituting the second layer is for facilitating thick coating of the fire-resistant coating material, and in the present embodiment, is constituted by metal lath or expanded metal. Therefore, the first layer 21 or the third layer 23 is placed on the second layer (lass material) 22 located between the first layer (fireproof coating material) 21 and the third layer (fireproof coating material) 23. The fireproof coating material which comprises comprises the fireproof layer 20 integrally formed. That is, since the lath material 22 has a mesh shape, the fireproof coating materials 21 and 23 disposed on the inside and outside of the lath material 22 enter the holes of the mesh, and the first layer to the third layer are separated for each layer. Rather than being disposed, the fire-resistant coating materials 21 and 23 can be thickly coated by forming the fire-resistant layer 20 integrally with each other.

  Further, as described above, the lath material 22 is attached to the fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12 or the like via the fireproof waterproofing layer 6 by staples. Therefore, it becomes easy to apply (fix) the fireproof coating materials 21 and 23 to the fireproof waterproof layer 6.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, in order to prevent the fireproof layer 20 from falling off, a dropout prevention piece 30 is attached to the outside of the fireproof ventilator edge 12 via the fireproof waterproof layer 6, And it is arrange | positioned so that it may be embedded in the refractory layer 20.

  The drop-off prevention piece 30 includes a locking surface 31 that increases the width of the main body 30 toward the outside when attached. The locking surface 31 is formed so that a gap is formed between the locking surface 31 and the outer surface of the fireproof waterproof layer 6 when the dropout preventing piece 30 is attached to the fireproof waterproof layer 6 (fireproof waterproof layer 6). Side surface) 32 and peripheral surface 33 so as to be interposed. Therefore, when the inner and outer walls according to the present embodiment are constructed, a part of the fireproof coating material 21 (fireproof layer 20) is formed in the wedge-shaped gap formed between the locking surface 31 and the fireproof waterproof layer 6. By entering, the gap and the refractory layer 20 are engaged with each other, and it is possible to suitably prevent the refractory layer 20 from falling off or peeling off from the refractory waterproof layer 6 over a long period of time.

  In the present embodiment, the drop-off prevention piece 30 is formed of a rectangular parallelepiped incombustible material having a length of 45 mm, a width of 45 mm, and a thickness of 12 mm, and the locking surface 31 has a rectangular shape at a position facing the peripheral edge of the inner side surface 32. It is formed as a smooth slope. And at the time of attachment, it is being fixed to the fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12 with the staple etc. via the fireproof waterproofing layer 6 so that the surrounding surfaces 33 and 33 in which the latching surface 31 is not formed face the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, when attaching the drop-off prevention piece 30, the first layer (fire-resistant coating material) 21 in the fire-resistant layer 20 is applied to the fire-resistant waterproof layer 6, and the fall-off prevention is performed before the first layer 21 is solidified. The sheet 30 is pressed so as to be embedded, and fixed to the fireproof ventilator edge 12 with staples. By doing in this way, the fireproof coating material 21 enters the wedge-shaped gap formed between the locking surface 31 and the fireproof waterproof layer 6 without any gap, and the fireproof layer 20 is detached from the fireproof waterproof layer 6. Or peeling can be prevented suitably.

  In this embodiment, the non-combustible material is composed of calcium silicate (formed from a calcium silicate plate), but is not limited to this, and is easy to process, inexpensive and non-combustible. It only has to have. The angle formed between the locking surface 31 of the drop-off prevention piece 30 and the outer surface of the fireproof waterproof layer 6 is formed to be 45 ° or more and less than 90 °.

  By constructing the inner and outer walls 1 of the wooden building as described above, the base layer 3, the waterproof layer 4, the fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12, the fireproof waterproof layer 6, and the fireproof layer 20 are arranged in order from the outside of the housing 2. Therefore, even when heat from the flame is applied from the outside, it is conducted to the base layer 3 by the ventilation layer 5 formed by the fireproof layer 20, the fireproof waterproofing layer 6 and the fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12 having nonflammability. Heat can be greatly reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suitably prevent conduction of heat enough to ignite or burn to the underlayer 3.

  Moreover, since the fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12 is formed from the calcium silicate board, the fireproof ventilation trunk edge 12 with high fire resistance and heat insulation can be obtained. Therefore, it does not ignite or burn with the heat from the flame from the outside, and by forming the refractory ventilation barrel edge 12 in a narrow plate shape, the ventilation layer 5 having an appropriate thickness can be easily formed. It becomes like this. That is, by arranging the narrow plate-like body 12 between the waterproof layer 4 and the fireproof waterproof layer 6, the same ventilation space (gap) S as the thickness of the narrow plate-like body 12 is provided. Is formed between the waterproof layer 4 and the fireproof waterproof layer 6, and the ventilation space S constitutes the ventilation layer 5. Therefore, the ventilation layer 5 can be easily adjusted to a suitable thickness by changing the thickness of the narrow plate-like body 12.

  In addition, since the fire-resistant coating materials 21 and 23 are composed of inorganic premixed mortar, the fire-resistant coating materials 21 and 23 contain inorganic powder having crystal water, and the temperature of the fire-resistant coating material is predetermined even when heat from the flame is applied from the outside. When the value exceeds the value, the crystal water absorbs the heat and desorbs from the inorganic powder. Therefore, the temperature rise of the fireproof coating materials 21 and 23 can be suppressed.

  In addition, the fireproof coating materials 21 and 23 also include lightweight aggregates, and the lightweight aggregates have an inorganic hollow body, so that the heat insulation effect is high and heat is not easily transmitted to the base layer 3. it can. Furthermore, since the fire-resistant coating material also includes fibers, and the fibers function as a connecting material, when the fire-resistant coating materials 21 and 23 are applied, it is easy to increase the thickness. Therefore, the fire-resistant coating material layers 21 and 23 can be thickened, and heat can be more easily transmitted to the base layer 3 on the indoor side. Therefore, the inner and outer walls 1 of the wooden building including the fireproof layer 20 are difficult to transmit heat to the inner base layer 3, and higher fireproof performance can be obtained.

  As described above, the fireproof performance can be improved as compared with the inner and outer wall structures of the conventional wooden building, and the inner and outer wall structures of the wooden building that can make the wooden building “fireproof structure” can be obtained.

  It should be noted that the inner and outer wall structures of the wooden building of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications are made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the locking surface 31 is formed at a position facing the peripheral edge of the inner side surface 32 of the drop-off preventing piece 30, but is not limited to this, as shown in FIG. 5. The inner peripheral surface 32 may be formed over the entire periphery (see FIG. 5 (A)), or may be formed so as to cut out the inner corners of the rectangular parallelepiped incombustible material (FIG. 5 (B)). reference). Further, the locking surface 31 does not need to be formed on a rectangular smooth slope, and may be formed with grooves, irregularities, etc. on the surface, and may have a curved surface or a stepped shape (see FIGS. 5 (C) and 5 (D)). For example). Moreover, when attaching, it is not necessary to attach so that the surrounding surface in which the locking surface 31 is not formed may face a horizontal direction, you may face to an up-down direction and may face an oblique direction. In other words, when the drop-off prevention piece 30 is attached, it is attached so that a gap (for example, a wedge-like gap) is formed so that a part of the refractory layer 20 enters between the attachment surface and the locking surface 31. Good.

  [Example] Below, as shown in Fig. 6, for the inner and outer walls of wooden buildings using the members in Table 1 below, based on the provisions of Article 2, Item 7 (Fireproof Structure) of the Building Standard Law. Such a performance evaluation test was conducted, and the results are shown in FIG.

［主構成材料］（寸法単位：ｍｍ）

[Main components] (Dimensional unit: mm)

  In the performance evaluation test, a structural wall (inner and outer walls of a wooden building) as shown in FIG. 6 is placed in a small vertical heating furnace, and 1 at 940 ° C. from the direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the exterior material (fireproof layer 20). After heating for a period of time, it is left in the furnace at a high temperature for 3 hours, and the influence on the structural plywood (underlayer 3) and the casing is measured.

  Note that (I) to (IV) shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (c) indicate the installation positions of the temperature sensors for measuring the temperature. In (I) and (II), A temperature sensor is installed on the outer surface of the refractory ventilation trunk edge 12, and in (III) and (IV), a temperature sensor is installed on the outer surface of the exterior base material (structural plywood 3).

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the maximum temperature of the outer surface of the refractory ventilator 12 is around 140 ° C. (see (I) and (II) of FIG. 7), and the exterior base material (underlayer 3) is outside. The maximum temperature on the side surface was around 115 ° C. (see (III) and (IV) in FIG. 7). At this time, the exterior base material (structural plywood 3) was not damaged or ignited, and it was confirmed that the house was prevented from being burned. That is, it was confirmed that the inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building of the present invention was a fireproof structure.

The partially cutaway perspective view of the inner and outer walls of the wooden building according to the present embodiment is shown. The expanded cross-sectional view of the inner and outer walls of the wooden building according to the embodiment is shown. The front view of the housing concerning the embodiment is shown. (A) which concerns on the embodiment shows the perspective view of a fall-off prevention piece, (b) shows the expanded cross-sectional view of the inner and outer wall of the wooden building which arranged the fall-off prevention piece. (A) thru | or (D) show the perspective view of the drop-off prevention piece which concerns on other embodiment. (I) of the inner and outer walls used in the performance evaluation test pertaining to the certification based on the provisions of Article 2, Item 7 (Fireproof Structure) of the Building Standards Act is a front view, (b) is an enlarged longitudinal section, and (c) is enlarged A cross-sectional view is shown. It is a figure which shows the result obtained in the performance evaluation test which concerns on the authorization based on prescription | regulation of Building Standard Act Article 2 No. 7 (fireproof structure). (A) of the inner and outer walls of a conventional wooden building shows a perspective view of the housing, and (B) shows an enlarged cross-sectional view.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Inside / outside wall (internal / external wall structure) of a wooden building, 2 ... Housing, 3 ... Base layer (structural plywood), 4 ... Waterproof layer (moisture permeable waterproof sheet), 5 ... Breathable layer, 6 ... Fireproof waterproof layer ( Waterproof incombustible felt), 7 ... Lower frame material, 8 ... Column (vertical frame material), 9 ... Interstitial column (vertical frame material), 10 ... Upper frame material, 11 ... Thermal insulation material, 12, 12a, 12b ... Fireproof ventilation 20 ... fireproof layer, 21 ... first layer (fireproof coating material), 22 ... second layer (lass material), 23 ... third layer (fireproof coating material), 30 ... drop-off prevention piece, 31 ... locking surface, 32 ... inner side surface, 33 ... peripheral surface, S ... ventilation space

Claims (15)

  A casing made of wood, a foundation layer disposed outside the casing, a waterproof layer disposed outside the foundation layer, and a waterproof layer for forming a ventilation layer through which air flows. A fireproof ventilator edge disposed outside, a fireproof waterproof layer disposed outside the fireproof ventilator edge, and a fireproof layer disposed outside the fireproof waterproof layer, the fireproof layer comprising: And a first layer and a third layer composed of a fireproof coating material mainly composed of cement and a second layer composed of a lath material having a mesh structure, and the first layer to the third layer are arranged outside. An inner and outer wall structure of a wooden building, characterized by being laminated in order toward the wall.   2. The fireproof layer comprising a base layer, a waterproof layer, a fireproof ventilation trunk edge, a fireproof waterproof layer, and three layers in order toward the inside is further disposed on the inside of the housing. Inside and outside wall structure of wooden building.   The inner and outer wall structures of a wooden building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fireproof ventilating rim is formed of calcium silicate.   4. The inner and outer wall structure of a wooden building according to claim 3, wherein the refractory ventilation trunk edge is formed in a narrow plate shape.   The inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fireproof waterproof layer is formed of a waterproof incombustible felt mainly composed of a silicate compound.   In order to prevent the fire-resistant layer from falling off, a drop-off preventing piece having a locking surface that increases the width of the main body toward the outside is attached to the outer side of the fire-resistant ventilation trunk edge via the fire-resistant waterproof layer, and The inner and outer wall structures of a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further arranged to be embedded in a fireproof layer.   The said drop-off prevention piece is comprised by the rectangular or cube-shaped incombustible material, and the said latching surface is comprised by the inclined surface which has a predetermined angle with respect to an attachment surface. Inside / outside wall structure of a wooden building.   The said predetermined angle is 45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees, The inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building of Claim 7 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The inner and outer wall structures of the wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fireproof coating material is composed of an inorganic premixed mortar.   The inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fire-resistant layer has a thickness of 30 mm or more.   The inner and outer wall structures of a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the lath material is made of metal lath or expanded metal.   The inner and outer wall structures of a wooden building according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the foundation layer is made of structural plywood.   The inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building according to claim 12, wherein the structural plywood has a thickness of 9 mm or more.   14. The housing according to claim 1, wherein the casing is composed of a plurality of vertical frame members and horizontal frame members, and a heat insulating material is disposed in a space surrounded by the vertical frame members and the horizontal frame members. The internal / external wall structure of the wooden building as described in any one.   The said heat insulating material is comprised with glass wool, The inner and outer wall structure of the wooden building of Claim 14 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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