JP3961357B2 - Flameproof body, building wall, and building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes, for example, a flameproof body provided to prevent ventilation and spread of fire in a ventilation space such as a wall ventilation path for ventilating from an underfloor space of a building to a cabin space, and the flameproof body. The present invention relates to a building wall and a building such as a wooden house provided with the wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a wooden house, making the width of the horizontal member arranged in the wall ventilation path of the wall body the same as the width of the wall body allows the horizontal member to function as a fire stop material. However, when the horizontal member also serves as a fire stop material, it is not possible to provide a wall ventilation path (venting space) through which outside air flows inside the exterior material. Therefore, moisture or hot air tends to stay inside the building frame. In consideration of this point, it has been proposed to provide a vent hole in the horizontal member. In this case, with the occurrence of a fire, there is a risk that the flame spreads upward through the ventilating passage in the wall and promotes the spread of the fire to the upper floor.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-13538 discloses a fire barrier plate that can suppress the upward spread of a flame through a ventilation passage in a wall. This fire barrier plate is provided with a pipe-like fire-resistant foaming agent that foams and expands due to heat in the event of a fire and closes the air vents on the inner surfaces of a plurality of air holes provided on a plate of wood, metal or other various materials. It becomes. This foaming agent is provided without protruding from the plate material. In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-78414, a sheet having an unfoamed fire-resistant foaming agent is attached to the entrance / exit of the ventilation space of the building, and the foaming agent is expanded by foaming by heat at the time of fire. Techniques have been proposed to prevent the spread of fire by blocking the ventilation of the space.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The fire barrier plate described in the former publication is provided with the entire foaming agent in a vent hole opened in the plate material. In this configuration, when a fire flame acts, the foaming agent rises in proportion to the temperature rise of the board material such as wood with poor thermal conductivity, so it is difficult for the foaming agent to quickly respond to the heat in the fire. . Also, even in the technique described in the latter publication, since the flame at the time of the fire reaches the sheet having the foaming agent and the foaming agent rises to a predetermined temperature, the air blocking function is manifested. It is difficult for the foaming agent to respond quickly to heat. Therefore, in any of the conventional techniques, before the foaming agent functions sufficiently, smoke is likely to diffuse upward, and the reliability of suppressing the surroundings of fire is low.
[0005]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to obtain a flameproof body, a wall of a building, and a building that can quickly respond to the flame and suppress the surroundings of the fire.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the flameproof body of the invention according to claim 1 is disposed in a ventilation entry / exit portion with respect to a ventilation space of a building, and keeps the entry / exit portion open at a predetermined temperature or lower, A refractory foaming agent that expands and expands so as to close the entrance and exit at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature, and extends to the windward side of the ventilation continuously to the foaming agent.A igniter that is provided and heated prior to the temperature rise of the foaming agent to spread the heat associated with the combustion to the foaming agent;Are provided.
[0007]
  In this first aspect and each of the following inventions, the heat conducting part or the heat conducting part may be made smaller than the foaming agent. Moreover, when the flameproof body of this invention of Claim 1 is equipped with a heat conducting part, this fire conducting part can be formed integrally with the foaming agent, and the flameproof body of the invention of Claim 1 comprises a heat conducting part. In this case, the heat conducting part may be formed of metal.Further, in the case where the flameproof body of the invention of claim 1 is provided with a fire guiding part, the fireproof foaming agent is placed on the upper surface of the horizontal member disposed at the entrance / exit portion of the ventilation with respect to the wall space of the building. It is good to make it the structure which makes the strip | belt shape extended and arrange | positioned in the longitudinal direction of a material, and is comprised in the underfloor space of the said building while the heat conduction part is provided in the longitudinal direction of the said foaming agent at intervals.
  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the flameproof body of the invention according to claim 2 has both ends opened, and a plurality of partition walls are provided inside at intervals, for use on the floor of a building. A cylindrical part arranged at the entrance / exit part of the ventilation space with respect to the ventilation space of the building that also serves as a brace material for supporting the load bearing surface material forming the floor, and in each of the cylindrical parts, with each partition wall as a boundary A fireproof foaming agent that is provided on both sides of the foam and expands and expands so as to close the entrance / exit part at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature while maintaining the entrance / exit part at a predetermined temperature or lower, and continuous with the foaming agent. A fire-guiding part that extends outside the cylindrical part and extends to the windward side of the ventilation, and heats up and burns before the temperature rise of the foaming agent, and spreads the heat accompanying the combustion to the foaming agent. Are provided.
[0008]
In claim 1 and each of the following inventions, the igniting part means a part that itself burns prior to the foaming agent and expresses a function of guiding the flame to the foaming agent like a so-called squibing line, The part does not burn itself, but means that it absorbs the heat of the flame prior to the foaming agent and expresses the function of guiding it to the foaming agent by heat conduction. This heat conducting part includes aluminum and its alloys And copper and its alloys, or iron plates can be suitably used. In the invention of claim 1, when the ventilation space is a building such as a building with external heat insulation, a space for forming an outer ventilation layer along the outside of the heat insulating material, and a fire stop material It means at least one of the wall space that forms a wall ventilation path as an inner ventilation layer in the wall adjacent to the boundary in the vertical direction.
[0009]
  Claims 1 and 2Since the foaming agent of the flameproof body of the present invention is in an unfoamed state at the time of non-fire, the entrance / exit portion of the ventilation space remains open, allowing ventilation through the ventilation space. The foaming agent expands and expands so as to close the entrance / exit portion of the ventilation space at a predetermined temperature when the flame or hot air acting in the event of a fire is received, and cuts off the ventilation. In this case, it continued on the windward side of the foaming agent.The igniting partBecause it is close to the fire source, the temperature rises prior to the temperature rise of the foaming agent. Thereby,Because the igniting part burnsThe foaming agent can be rapidly heated to prompt its foaming, and the function of closing the entrance / exit portion of the ventilation can be exhibited.
[0010]
  In order to solve the above problem,Claim 3The flameproof body of the invention according to the present invention includes a cylindrical portion inserted into a horizontal member through-hole provided in a horizontal member for a wall of a building, and the cylindrical shape provided in the cylindrical portion at a predetermined temperature or less. A fireproof foaming agent that expands and expands so as to close the inner passage at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature, and a guide that extends continuously to the windward side of the ventilation. A fire part or a heat conduction part.
[0011]
  thisClaim 3The flameproof body of the invention is used by inserting the cylindrical portion into the horizontal member through-hole of the horizontal member, and in the case of non-fire, the foaming agent in the cylindrical portion is in an unfoamed state. The inner passage of the door remains open. Therefore, ventilation through the flameproof body is possible. The foaming agent in the cylindrical portion is heated by a flame or hot air mainly acting from below during a fire, and expands and expands so as to close the entrance / exit portion of the ventilation space at a predetermined temperature, thereby cutting off the ventilation. In this case, since the fire guide part or the heat guide part continuous on the windward side of the foaming agent is close to the fire source, the temperature is raised prior to the temperature rise of the foaming agent. As a result, the heat conduction part burns, or the heat of the heat conduction part is thermally conducted to the foaming agent, so that the foaming agent can be quickly heated to prompt its foaming and to have a function of closing the inner passage. it can.
[0012]
  In order to solve the above problem,Claim 9The wall of the building of the invention according to the present invention has a wall in the wall and a ventilation passage for the space, and the building wall is formed so that the underfloor space and the cabin space can communicate with each other.Claims 1 to 8The flameproof body according to any one of the above is disposed.
[0013]
  thisClaim 9The invention ofClaims 1 to 8Since the flameproof body according to any one of the above is provided, it is possible to ventilate through the ventilation path in the wall in the event of a non-fire, and in the event of a fire, the foaming agent of the flameproof body is quickly foamed and expanded to cut off the ventilation. be able to.
[0014]
  In order to solve the above problem,Claim 10The building according to the invention includes a hut space formed in the attic, a hut ventilation section that ventilates air in the attic space, an underfloor space formed under the floor, and an underfloor that ventilates air in the underfloor space. In a building comprising a ventilation section and a wall body having a ventilation passage in the wall that communicates the two spaces, a ventilation passage portion of the wall body to and from the wall spaceClaims 1 to 8The flameproof body according to any one of the above is disposed.
The invention of claim 10 is characterized in that the flameproof body is disposed on a horizontal member disposed at the entrance / exit portion of the ventilation, and the fireproof foaming agent of the flameproof body has a strip shape, and It is arranged on the upper surface, and the flame conducting part or the heat conducting part of the flameproof body is provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the foaming agent, and can be configured to extend into the underfloor space or the upper floor space. . Similarly, the invention according to claim 10 is provided with an interval between the entrance and exit portions of the vent formed by notches or through holes in the bevel material fixed on the horizontal member of the wall body at intervals, and each of these exit and entrance portions is provided. While the fireproof foaming agent of the flameproof body is disposed, the fire conducting part or the heat conducting part of the flameproof body may extend into the underfloor space or the floor underfloor space.
[0015]
  thisClaim 10The invention ofClaims 1 to 8Since the wall body provided with the flameproof body of any one of the above is provided, it can be ventilated through the air passage in the wall during non-fire, and the foaming agent of the flameproof body can be quickly foamed and expanded during a fire. The ventilation can be cut off.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0017]
A building, for example, a building denoted by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 is a wooden house with external heat insulation, an outer ventilation layer 2 as an outer ventilation space, and a wall as an inner ventilation space (also referred to as an inner ventilation layer). And a body ventilation path 3.
[0018]
In order to provide external heat insulation and provide the outer ventilation layer 2, a heat insulating material 5 (first outer wall) is externally attached to the outside of the wall body 4 forming the housing of the building 1, and further, the heat insulating material 5 The exterior material 6 (second outer wall) is externally provided with a predetermined gap between the outer surface and the outer surface. As the heat insulating material 5, a plastic heat insulating material, for example, a board having one or more layers of foamed polystyrene that has been independently foamed can be suitably used. Furthermore, flame retardant or non-flammable phenolic foam, ALC (lightweight foamed concrete), heat-resistant synthetic resin plate, etc. can be used for the heat insulating material 5. If the heat insulating material is flame retardant, the indoor side surface of the heat insulating material It is good to arrange the face material 39 etc. which are mentioned later. A body edge (not shown) extending in the vertical direction is sandwiched between the heat insulating material 5 and the exterior material 6, and the gap for forming the outer ventilation layer 2 on the outside of the wall body 4 is secured by these members. Yes.
[0019]
The lower end of the outer ventilation layer 2 communicates with the atmosphere around the drainage for rain. The attic space 7 of the building 1 is also thermally insulated. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 1, a hut back heat insulating material 9 is disposed on the back side of the roof material 8 constituting an exterior material, and a roof portion outer ventilation layer 10 is formed therebetween. The cabin back heat insulating material 9 and the heat insulating material 5 are continuous. The upper end of the outer ventilation layer 2 around the wall body 4 communicates with the lower side of the outer ventilation layer 10, and the upper portion of the outer ventilation layer 10 communicates with an exhaust port (not shown) provided in the roof portion. The outer ventilation layer 2 is stopped under the eaves and does not have to communicate with the outer ventilation layer 10.
[0020]
A heat insulating material of the same type as the heat insulating material 5 can be used for the heat insulating material 9 for the back of the hut that partitions the attic space 7 in the upper part of the building 1. On the upper part of the building 1, for example, one or more attic dampers 11 that can arbitrarily open and close the communication between the attic space 7 and the outside are attached as an attic ventilation section. The damper 11 can be opened and closed manually or electrically. The damper 11 includes a normal fitting for opening and closing an opening such as a drake window and a skylight, and also includes a ventilation fan including an electric fan.
[0021]
1-3, the code | symbol 12 has shown the underfloor space divided by the basic concrete 13 of the building 1. FIG. The foundation concrete 13 has one or more ventilation openings 14 at predetermined locations. The foundation concrete 13 is provided with an underfloor damper 15 as an underfloor ventilation section that can arbitrarily open and close the ventilation port 14 manually or electrically.
[0022]
A base 16 is fixed on the foundation concrete 13 to which the heat insulating layer 13a is applied. On the base 16, a wall body 4 having a frame structure having a ventilation passage 3 in the wall is provided. The wall body 4 has at least a horizontal partition material, that is, a horizontal partition material, that is, a horizontal partition material having a function as a pillar 21, a base 16, a girder 22, a trunk difference or a beam 38, and a fire stop material whose upper end faces the shed space 7. The frame members 23 to 25 and braces (not shown) are tightly coupled to the shaft set. In addition, the code | symbol 39 in FIG. 1 shows surface materials, such as a plywood arrange | positioned on outdoor surfaces, such as the wall body 4, etc., has covered the indoor surface of the heat insulating materials 5 and 9, and the heat insulating materials 5 and 9 are directly on a flame. I try not to be exposed.
[0023]
The vertical / horizontal partition material functioning as a fire stop material is made of a non-combustible material such as iron or a material capable of forming a carbonized layer such as wood having a predetermined thickness, and the thickness in the case of wood may be, for example, 30 mm or more. Each of the horizontal members 23 to 25 is made of wood having the same width as the width of the wall body 4. Examples of the wood include solid wood such as cedar, pine, and rice tsugumi, and structural laminated wood. A wall interior material 26 is attached to the surface of the horizontal members 23 to 25 on the side of the living space by nailing or bonding. The interior material 26 includes an interior base material and a plaster board that is stretched over the surface and faces the living space. A floor material constituting a floor body, for example, a load bearing surface material 27, is connected to the lower end of the interior material 26, and these load bearing surface materials 27 are individually supported on the floor joists 28 or 32 for downstairs or upstairs. .
[0024]
The downstairs load bearing face material 27 facing the underfloor space 12 is mounted on a downstairs floor joist 28 having an end portion 28a supported on the base 16. For this reason, a ventilation entry / exit portion 29 having a gap corresponding to the thickness of the floor joist 28 for the downstairs is provided, and the lowermost wall space 4a of the wall body 4 and the underfloor space 12 on the first floor are provided via this portion 29. It is communicated. The upper part of the uppermost horizontal member 23 communicates with the cabin space 7.
[0025]
  An end portion 32a of the floor joist 32 that supports the load bearing surface member 27 that forms a floor body on the second floor or the third floor from the lower side is supported on the trunk difference or the beam 38. Therefore, a ventilation entry / exit portion 29 having a gap corresponding to the upper floor joist 32 is provided. Via the entrance / exit portion 29, the underfloor space 34 between the upper floor and the lower floor communicates with the body space 4c portion above the trunk difference or beam 38. In addition, the floor space 34 for the upper floor is a trunk difference orFrom beam 38It communicates with the lower wall body space 4c.
[0026]
  The interior space 4b between the horizontal members 23, 24 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction passes through one or more, preferably a plurality of flameproof bodies 31 provided through the horizontal material 23 in the thickness (vertical) direction. It communicates with the space 7. The wall space 4c between the horizontal members 24 and 25 disposed above and below the body difference or beam 38 below the wall space 4b is arranged in the thickness (vertical) direction. It communicates with the upper wall space 4b through one or more preferably a plurality of flameproof bodies 31 provided therethrough. The wall body space 4c and the lower wall body space 4a include at least one, preferably a plurality of flameproof bodies 31 provided through the horizontal member 25 partitioning between them in the thickness (up and down) direction. Communicated through. AnyFlameproof body 31The lower part of the horizontal member 23 is projected below the horizontal members 23 to 25 through which it penetrates, and the flame from below is received before the horizontal members 23 to 25. The configuration of each flameproof body 31 will be described later.
[0027]
Reference numeral 36 in FIG. 1 denotes an interior material for a downstairs or an upstairs that forms a ceiling of a living space, and is arranged on the upper portion of the interior wall material 26 in the vertical direction so as to be substantially perpendicular. The ceiling interior material 36 includes an interior base material, a gypsum board stretched on the surface and facing the living space, and a sound absorbing layer (not shown) provided on the back surface of the interior base material as necessary.
[0028]
The flameproof body 41 shown in FIG. 3 (A) or (B) functions to open and close the entrance / exit portion 29 in the downstairs and upstairs vent portions 29 and to close the entrance / exit portion 29 in a fire. Is arranged.
[0029]
The flameproof body 41 of FIG. 3 (A) includes an unfoamed fireproof foaming agent 42 and a fire guide portion 43 formed integrally and continuously therewith. The refractory foaming agent 42 has a width that can be placed on the base 16 and has, for example, a band shape, and has a plurality of notches 42 a that are open on one side thereof. The notch 42a is provided in a size that can accommodate the end portion 28a of the floor joist 28 for downstairs. The foaming agent 42 is disposed on the upper surface of the base 16 so as not to be detached from the base 16. For this arrangement, the foaming agent 42 may be fixed to the base 16 by nailing, the foaming agent 42 may be adhered to the base 16 using an adhesive, or may be attached to one surface of the foaming agent 42. It is good also as a structure which provides the contact bonding layer which is not shown in figure and adheres to the upper surface of the base 16 with this contact bonding layer.
[0030]
Examples of the foaming agent 42 include a carbonized component, a carbonization accelerator, a foaming main agent, a binder, and a plasticizer added as necessary, and a heat-resistant resin plastic containing a filler. A carbonization component is a main component which produces | generates carbon. The carbonization accelerator is a component that promotes carbonization of the carbonized component. The main foaming agent is the main component responsible for foaming. The binder combines the above materials to improve the physical properties of the heat-resistant resin plastic. And a plasticizer has a function which gives a softness | flexibility to a heat resistant resin plastic material, and improves a moldability, and a filler has a function which raises the nonflammability of a heat resistant resin plastic material, and raises a foaming density.
[0031]
This foaming agent 42 has a performance of foaming at a high magnification (for example, 10 to 30 times foaming) at a predetermined temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature of wood. The temperature at which the foaming is started is, for example, 600 ° C. to 250 ° C., preferably 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. When the temperature exceeds this temperature, the foaming is completed. The ventilation entry / exit portion 29 is closed so that the ventilation through the entry / exit portion 29 can be substantially blocked toward 4c. Therefore, the thickness of the foaming agent 42 can be about 1 mm. For this reason, it can be substantially ignored that the flow passage cross-sectional area of the entrance / exit portion 29 is reduced by the foaming agent 42 in the unfoamed state, and the flow passage cross-sectional area necessary for ventilation in the wall body 4 can be secured in the entrance / exit portion 29. . As the foaming agent 42, in addition to the above-described examples, a general commercial product that burns with heat and swells and becomes solid in this swelled state can be used.
[0032]
The igniting portion 43 made of the same material as the foaming agent 42 is preferably formed smaller than the foaming agent 42, for example, in the form of a ribbon, and has the same pitch as the floor joist 28 for the downstairs or the floor joist 32 for the upper floor. It is provided at intervals. As described above, the igniter 43 having a heat capacity smaller than that of the foaming agent 42 is provided so as to extend into the underfloor space 12 with respect to the windward side, that is, the arrangement at the entrance / exit 29, and hang down due to its own weight, for example.
[0033]
Such a flame guiding part 43 of the flameproof body 41 is located closer to the fire source side than the foaming agent 42 against the flame and hot air from the underfloor space 12 side toward the wall space 4a. For this reason, in the flameproof body 41 of FIG. 3 (A), the flame guide part 43 receives the flame and hot air which go to the wall space 4a or 4c from the underfloor space 12 or 34 side before the foaming agent 42, and this Since the igniting part 43 is heated up and burned before the temperature of the foaming agent 42 rises, the heat accompanying this combustion can be spread to the foaming agent 42 continuous downstream of the igniting part 43. Therefore, the foaming agent 42 can be quickly heated to promptly promote foaming, so that the function of closing the entrance / exit portion 29 by the foaming agent 42 is expressed, and this blocking function can be maintained.
[0034]
The flameproof body 41 shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3 (B) is the heat | fever which has the unfoamed fireproof foaming agent 42 and the heat-conducting part 44 integrally, and was laminated | stacked on one side (for example, lower surface) of the foaming agent 42. And a conductive layer 45. The foaming agent 42 is the same as the foaming agent 42 provided in the flameproof body 41 of FIG. The foaming agent 42 and the heat conductive layer 45 are in surface contact with each other and bonded thermally. The heat conductive layer 45 has a notch 42a. The heat conductive layer 45 is made of a material far superior in heat conductivity to the foaming agent 42 and wood, preferably a thin plate metal such as an aluminum plate or an iron plate.
[0035]
The flameproof body 41 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 16 or the beam 38 so as not to be detached from the base 16 or the beam 38. For this arrangement, the flameproof body 41 may be fixed to the base 16 or the beam 38 by nailing, and the heat conductive layer 45 may be bonded to the base 16 or the beam 38 using an adhesive. Alternatively, an adhesive layer (not shown) may be provided on the heat conduction layer 45 and bonded to the base 16 or the beam 38 with this adhesive layer.
[0036]
The heat conducting portion 44 is formed smaller than the foaming agent 42, and is provided, for example, in a ribbon shape at the same interval as the pitch of the floor joists 28 or 32. These heat conducting portions 44 are all continuous to the foaming agent 42 through the heat conducting layer 45, and extend into the underfloor space 12 or 34 in the windward side, that is, the arrangement at the entrance / exit portion 29, for example, hang down. It is provided so as to be bent.
[0037]
The heat conducting portion 44 of the flameproof body 41 is located closer to the fire source side than the foaming agent 42 against the flame and hot air from the underfloor space 12 side toward the wall space 4a. For this reason, in the flameproof body 41 of FIG.2 and FIG.3 (B), the heat-conducting part 44 receives the flame and hot air which go to the wall space 4a or 4c from the underfloor space 12 or 34 side before the foaming agent 42. Since the heat conducting portion 44 is heated prior to the temperature rise of the foaming agent 42, this heat can be quickly spread to the foaming agent 42 continuous downstream of the heat conducting portion 44 via the heat conducting layer 45. it can. Therefore, the foaming agent 42 can be quickly heated to promptly promote foaming, so that the function of closing the entrance / exit portion 29 by the foaming agent 42 is expressed, and this blocking function can be maintained.
[0038]
One or more horizontal member through-holes 51 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed in each of the horizontal members 23 to 25 in the wooden part facing any one of the wall spaces 4a to 4c of the wall body 4. The size, shape, mutual interval, position, and the like of these through holes 51 can be arbitrarily set within a range that does not impair the required structural strength.
[0039]
  The cylindrical flameproof body 31 inserted vertically into each horizontal member through-hole 51 has the same configuration, and as shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical portion 56, a hole closing convex portion 57, and an unfoamed portionFireproof foaming agent 58And a heat conduction part 59.
[0040]
  The cylindrical portion 56 has a strength equal to or higher than that of wood so as to compensate for a cross-sectional defect due to the horizontal member through-hole 51, and has a heat resistance higher than the heat resistance temperature of wood (wood ignition temperature 260 ° C to 290 ° C). It is made of a synthetic resin or metal having a temperature, and is preferably formed of, for example, a cylindrical shape with a metal having better thermal conductivity than the synthetic resin, more preferably with an iron-based material whose material cost is low. Both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 56 are open. The internal space extending in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 56, that is, the inner passage 56a functions as a ventilation portion for the wall spaces 4a, 4b, and 4c. The cylindrical part 56 is a preferable example.Each of horizontal members 23-25The lower end thereof is chamfered in order to enhance the insertion property into the horizontal member through hole 51.
[0041]
The hole closing convex portion 57 is integrated with the cylindrical portion 56, and is provided as a circular flange that is continuous over, for example, the upper end of the cylindrical portion 56, preferably the entire circumference. The hole closing convex portion 57 can be provided by attaching a pipe, a washer or the like formed separately from the cylindrical portion 56 to the cylindrical portion 56. The diameter of the hole closing convex portion 57 is such that when there is a gap between the horizontal member through-hole 51 and the cylindrical portion inserted therein, the horizontal member does not turn through the gap. It is formed several times larger than the diameter of the through hole 51.
[0042]
The refractory foaming agent 58 is the same as the foaming agent 42. The foaming agent 58 is provided by being joined to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 56 in the form of a coating film or an adhesive tape (adhesive seal). Note that the foaming agent 58 can be provided not only on the entire inner surface of the cylindrical portion 56 as in this embodiment, but only on a part of the cylindrical portion 56 in the axial direction, and the foaming agent 58 expands in all directions. In addition, it is not essential to provide an annular shape over the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 56. It is preferable to provide the foaming agent 58 at least at the lower end portion of the cylindrical portion 56 because the flame can be received earlier. When the unfoamed foaming agent 58 is foamed, the inner passage 56a is closed so that the ventilation through the inner passage 56a is substantially blocked.
[0043]
The igniting part 59 is formed integrally with the foaming agent 58 and extends downward from the lower end of the igniting part 59 in the form of a ribbon, in other words, to the windward side of the inner passage 56a as an entry / exit part of ventilation. Is provided.
[0044]
  Flameproof body 31Each of the horizontal members 23 to 25 is inserted into the horizontal member through hole 51 with a slight gap between the inner surface of the horizontal member through hole 51 or press-fitted into the horizontal member through hole 51. Installed on. Attached to the horizontal member 24Flameproof body 31The internal passages 56a of the wall walls 4b and 4c communicate with each other and are attached to the horizontal member 25.Flameproof body 31The inner wall spaces 4a and 4c communicate with each other by the inner passage 56a. In addition, the upper and lower sides of the beam 38 communicate with each other via an upper floor space 34. By these communication, the in-wall ventilation path 3 capable of ventilating the wall 4 in the vertical direction is formed. The lower side of the passage 3 is communicated with the underfloor space 12 by the entrance / exit portion 29, and the upper side is attached to the horizontal member 23.Flameproof body 31The interior space 56a communicates with the cabin space 7.
[0045]
  Therefore, as a result, the underfloor space 12 and the attic space 7 are communicated with each other through the in-wall ventilation path 3 forming the inner ventilation layer. Therefore, the internal ventilation from the underfloor space 12 through the wall ventilation path 3 to the shed space 7 can exhaust heat and moisture in the wall body 4, and the temperature difference between the underfloor space 12 and the shed space 7. Due to the convection caused by the difference in air density due to, the living comfort given to the occupants can be improved. In addition, downstairs ceiling interior material 36 and upstairsBearing material 27Formed betweenUpstairs floor space 34The air inside can also be taken into the inner ventilation and discharged.
[0046]
  Any of the horizontal members 23 to 25 of the wall body 4 having the frame structure having the above-described air passage 3 in the wall functions as a fire stop material. When a flame from a fire spreads on the wall 4, the flame or hot air flows inside the wall ventilation path 3.The cylindrical portion 56 of the flameproof body 31Try to pass upward.
[0047]
  However, since the metal cylindrical portion 56 easily rises in temperature more quickly than the wooden horizontal members 23 to 25 having a lower thermal conductivity than this metal, due to the heat of the flame or hot air acting mainly from below during a fire, The cylindrical part 56 is heated more rapidly than the horizontal members 23 to 25. Therefore, before the horizontal members 23 to 25 reach the ignition temperature,Fireproof foaming agent 58However, the temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature or more and the foam expands to substantially close the inner passage 56a of the cylindrical portion 56, and this closing function is maintained. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the flame from spreading upward by cutting off the ventilation in the wall ventilation path 3.
[0048]
By the way, the flameproof body 31 has a heat conduction part 59 that has a smaller heat capacity than the foaming agent 58 and is provided so as to hang down on the windward side of the ventilation path 3 in the wall. The igniting portion 59 is positioned closer to the fire side than the foaming agent 58 with respect to a flame or hot air that tends to move upward in the wall ventilation path 3.
[0049]
Therefore, flame or hot air is received by the igniting part 59 prior to the foaming agent 58, and the igniting part 59 is heated and burned before the temperature of the foaming agent 58 rises. The foaming agent 58 continuous to the downstream side of the igniting portion 59 can be spread. Therefore, the foaming agent 58 can be quickly heated to promptly promote foaming, and the function of closing the inner passage 56a by the foaming agent 58 can be exhibited.
[0050]
Instead of the igniting portion 59, a heat conducting portion 60 that protrudes downward from the lower end of the tubular portion 56 may be provided integrally with the tubular portion 56 as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Also in this case, the heat conducting part 60 is positioned closer to the fire side than the foaming agent 58 with respect to the flame or hot air that is directed upward in the wall ventilation path 3. 60 receives the flame, and the heat conducting part 60 is heated before the temperature rise of the foaming agent 58, so this heat is passed through the tubular part 56 to the foaming agent 58 continuous downstream of the heat conducting part 60. It can be spread. Therefore, the foaming agent 58 can be quickly heated to promptly promote foaming, and the function of closing the inner passage 56a by the foaming agent 58 can be exhibited. In addition, the heat conducting section 59 can be superposed on the heat conducting section 60.
[0051]
  As described above, by using the flameproof bodies 31 and 41, it is possible to ventilate through the wall ventilation path 3 in the case of non-fire, and in the case of a fire, the heat conduction parts 43 and 59 of the flameproof bodies 31 and 41 or heat conduction. The portions 44 and 60 can quickly raise the temperature of the foaming agents 42 and 58 of the flameproof bodies 31 and 41 so as to cut off the ventilation.Foaming agent 42, 58Can be controlled (foamed) to suppress fire.
[0052]
Hereinafter, second to fifth embodiments will be described. Since these embodiments are basically the same in configuration as those in the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, description of the configuration and operation is omitted, and different portions are described. To do.
[0053]
In the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the flameproof body 41 is not directly arranged on the base 16, but the wall space 4 a of the load bearing face material 27 that forms the floor 16 for the floor with the base 16. The flameproof body 41 similar to FIG. 3 (A) or FIG. 3 (B) is attached to the brazing material 61 made of wood, iron, synthetic resin or the like sandwiched between the projecting edge portion 27a. Is illustrated. By providing the brazing material 61 that is nailed to the base 16 together with the edge portion 27a, the structural strength of the building is increased, and the earthquake resistance and wind resistance can be improved.
[0054]
6 or 6 is provided in the beveling material 61 with a ventilation entry / exit portion 29 circulated from the underfloor space 12 to the wall space 4a, as shown in FIG. 6 (A). As shown in FIG. 5, the holes are formed at intervals. These entrance / exit portions 29 are provided with flameproof bodies 41 suitable for the size. The flameproof body 41 has at least one heat conducting portion 44 (or the fire conducting portion 43).
[0055]
Configurations other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, including portions not shown. Therefore, also in the second embodiment, by using the flameproof body 41 provided with the heat conducting section 44 or the fire conducting section 43, it will enter into the wall body 4 from the underfloor space 12 by the same action as the first embodiment. Can suppress fire around. In addition, the fire stop structure (fire prevention section) of 2nd Embodiment can be implemented as a fire stop structure on floors such as the second floor and the third floor as well as around the first floor.
[0056]
  In the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.Floor interior material 26The upper end of the roof is extended until it reaches the girder 22, and notches (only one is shown) 65 are provided at intervals on the upper end, and the notch 65 communicates the back space 7 and the wall space 4b. I am letting. AndFloor interior material 26Between the ceiling receiving material 66 and the girder 22 attached to the back surface of the wood, a wooden top 61 is attached. This brazing material 61 is the same as the brazing material of FIG. A flameproof body 41 having a heat conducting portion 44 (or a fire conducting portion 43) may be disposed at the entrance / exit portion 29 formed by the notch of the brazing member 61.
[0057]
Configurations other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, including portions not shown. Therefore, also in this 3rd Embodiment, by using the flameproof body 41 provided with the heat guide part 44 or the fire guide part 43, from the inside of the wall 4 to the inside of the shed space 7 by the same action as 1st Embodiment. Can suppress the fire around.
[0058]
In 4th Embodiment shown in FIG.8 and FIG.9, the structure which uses the flameproof body 71 which doubles as the brazing material for improving earthquake resistance with the structural strength of a building is illustrated.
[0059]
The flameproof body 71 includes a metallic cylindrical portion 72 having a strength equal to or higher than that of wood, a heat conducting portion 73, and an unfoamed fireproof foaming agent 74. The cylindrical part 72 is formed in a substantially square cylindrical shape as a preferred example. A plurality of fixing holes 75 are formed at equal intervals or unequal intervals on the peripheral wall forming the cylindrical portion 72, more specifically on a pair of parallel walls facing each other, and on the other pair of opposite parallel walls. A plurality of through holes 76 are opened at equal intervals or unequal intervals. The foaming agent 74 is joined to at least a part of the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 72. The foaming agent 74 that is foamed and expanded so as to keep the through-hole 76 open at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature and close the through-hole 76 at a temperature exceeding the predetermined temperature can be the one exemplified in the first embodiment. The heat conducting portion 73 has a flat plate shape, for example, and protrudes integrally from the tubular portion 72. The heat conducting portion 73 is flush with the wall of the cylindrical portion 72 to which the foaming agent 74 is attached.
[0060]
  This flameproof body 71 is used as a floor for a downstairs by a fixing hole 75 or a nail (not shown) passing through a wall portion where the hole 75 is opened.Bearing material 27Are nailed to the base 16 together with the edge 27a of the base 16 andDownstairs bearing material 27Is sandwiched between the edge portion 27a. In this arrangement state, the underfloor space 12 and the wall space 4a are communicated with each other through the inside of the cylindrical portion 72 and the through-holes 76 facing each other, and as shown in FIG. It projects into the underfloor space 12 located on the windward side of the.
[0061]
  Configurations other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, including portions not shown. Therefore, even in the fourth embodiment,Heat conduction part 73By using the flameproof body 71 that is also used as a brackish material, the fire around the floor 4 from the floor space 34 on the floor to the inside of the wall body 4 by the same action as in the first embodiment.Can be suppressed.
  The fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 exemplifies a configuration in which ventilation and a fire prevention section are secured at a ventilation entry / exit portion that communicates an underfloor space on the second floor, the third floor, and the like with a wall space. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 21 is a pillar, 38 is a beam, and 27 is a floor for the upper floor.Bearing materialIs shown.This load bearing surface material 27The edge portion 27a covers the upper surface of the beam 38, and the flameproof body 81 is disposed at the entrance and exit portion formed by the gap between them. Therefore, the flameproof body 81 is sandwiched between the edge portion 27a and the beam 38 as a brazing material in place of the floor joists for the upper floor. The edge 27a and the flameproof body 81 are fixed to the beam 38 by a fixing part (not shown) such as a nail penetrating them.
[0062]
The flameproof body 81 is provided with a rectangular flat portion 82 made of, for example, metal, which is relatively flat and elongated. Inside the tubular portion 82, a plurality of partition walls 83 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tubular portion 82. Both ends in the depth direction of the cylindrical portion 82 in the direction in which each partition wall 83 extends are opened. A fireproof foaming agent 84 is provided on both sides of each partition wall 83 so as to be joined to the inner surface of the lower side wall of the cylindrical portion 82. As the refractory foaming agent 84, those exemplified in the first embodiment can be used. The refractory foaming agent 84 is provided with, for example, a fire conducting portion 85 integral therewith. The flameproof body 81 is installed on the wall body 4 as described above in a posture in which the igniting portion 85 is directed to the floor space below the floor.
[0063]
  Configurations other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, including portions not shown. Therefore, also in the fifth embodiment, by using the flameproof body 81 provided with the fire guiding portion 85 and the like, the fire from the underfloor space on the floor to the wall body 4 can be obtained by the same action as the first embodiment. The surroundings can be suppressed. Moreover, since the flameproof body 81 is also used as a cracker material,Bearing material 27It is excellent in that it can improve the earthquake resistance and wind resistance of the building while simplifying the structure that supports it.
[0064]
The present invention can be carried out by attaching a flameproof body to at least a horizontal partition material such as a horizontal member among the vertical and horizontal partition members of the wall having a function as a fire stop material, and fire around the floor below the first floor. The use of a stop material can be omitted in the present invention. Further, the present invention can be applied to a wooden house having a frame-structured wall body made by a so-called two-by method, and a part of the wall structure is replaced with a lightweight steel to form a so-called steel house. It is also applicable to. In addition, the present invention can be carried out by providing one or more of the flameproof bodies 31, 41, or 71 in the outer ventilation layer (outer ventilation space) of a building that has been heat-insulated. Moreover, the flameproof body of the present invention can be installed not only in the outer peripheral portion of the building 1 (around the wall body 4) but also in the interior of a partition wall or the like inside the building 1, and the number and interval of use thereof are arbitrary.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
  Claims 1 to 8According to the invention of the present invention, it is provided on the windward side with respect to the foaming agent and is provided with a heat conducting part or a heat conducting part that heats up prior to the temperature rise of the foaming agent.BuildingIt is possible to ensure the ventilation through the ventilation entrance and exit of the ventilation space, and to quickly foam the foaming agent against the flame in the event of a fire, thereby providing a flameproof body capable of suppressing the surroundings of the fire.
[0066]
  Claims 1 to 8A wall body provided with the flameproof body of any one ofClaim 9And the inventionClaim 9The wall of the invention is providedClaims 10 to 12According to the invention, it is possible to provide a building wall and a building that can be ventilated through a ventilation passage in a wall during a non-fire, and can quickly foam a foaming agent against a flame and suppress the surroundings of a fire during a fire. it can.
  The flameproof body of the present invention can also be applied to prevent ventilation and fire spread in buildings other than buildings, such as ships.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the periphery of a wall provided in a building according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the periphery of the base of the wall of FIG. 1; FIG.
3 (A) and 3 (B) are perspective views showing different types of flameproof bodies arranged at the ventilation entrance / exit portions around the base in FIG. 2, respectively.
4A is a perspective view showing another flameproof body used for the wall body of FIG. 1. FIG. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the flameproof body of FIG. (C) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the flameproof body of FIG. 4 (A).
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing around the base of a wall provided in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
6 (A) and 6 (B) are perspective views showing different types of beveled members disposed in the ventilating portion around the base in FIG. 5 together with a flameproof member.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the area around a hut space of a wall included in a building according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing around the base of a wall provided in a building according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a perspective view showing a flameproof body disposed in a ventilation entry / exit portion around the base of FIG. 8. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the lower floor of a second floor or higher room provided in the building of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
    1 ... Building (Building)
    2. Outer ventilation layer (ventilation space)
    3 ... Membrane vent (inner vent layer)
    4 ... Frame structure wall
    4a, 4b, 4c ... wall space (ventilation space)
    5. Insulation material
    6 ... Exterior material
    7 ... Shut space
    11 ... Shack damper (back ventilation section)
    12 ... Underfloor space
    15… Under floor damper (under floor ventilation section)
    17a, 17b ... Frame
    23-25 ... Horizontal members
    27 ... Load bearing surface material for flooring
    29 ... Venting part
    31 ... Flameproof body
    34 ... Upstairs floor space
    38 ... Beam
    41 ... Flameproof body
    42 ... Foaming agent
    43 ... Fire guide
    44 ... Heat conduction part
    45 ... heat conduction layer
    51 ... Horizontal material through-hole
    56 ... Cylindrical part
    56a ... Inner passage (portion of ventilation)
    58 ...Fireproof foaming agent
    59.
    60 ... Heat conduction part
    61.
    71 ... Flameproof body
    72 ... cylindrical part
    73 ... Heat conduction part
    74 ...Fireproof foaming agent
    76 ... Through hole
    81 ... Flameproof body
    82 ... Cylindrical part
    83 ... Partition wall
    84 ... Refractory foaming agent
    85 ... Fire guide

Claims (12)

A fire-resistant foaming agent that is disposed in a ventilation entry / exit portion of a building's ventilation space, and that keeps the entry / exit portion open at a predetermined temperature or lower and foams and expands to close the entry / exit portion at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature. And a convection section that extends continuously to the windward side of the aeration and is heated up before the temperature rise of the foaming agent and burns to spread the heat accompanying the combustion to the foaming agent. A flameproof body comprising: A ventilation space for the building, which is open at both ends and is provided with a plurality of partition walls at intervals, and also serves as a brazing material for supporting a load-bearing surface material that forms the floor of the building. A cylindrical portion arranged at the entrance and exit portion of the ventilation with respect to the inside of the cylindrical portion, provided on both sides of the partition wall as a boundary, and maintaining the entrance and exit portions at a predetermined temperature or less, A refractory foaming agent that foams and expands so as to close the entrance / exit at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature, and the foaming agent that is provided continuously outside the tubular portion and extends to the windward side of the ventilation. A flameproofing body comprising: a heat-guiding part that heats up and burns before the temperature rises and spreads the heat accompanying the combustion to the foaming agent . A cylindrical part inserted into a horizontal member through-hole provided in a horizontal member for a wall of a building, and an inner passage of the cylindrical part opened at a predetermined temperature or less provided in the cylindrical part. A fire-resistant foaming agent that expands and expands so as to close the inner passage at a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature, and a heat-conducting part or a heat-conducting part that extends to the windward side of the ventilation continuously to the foaming agent. Flameproof body to do. The flameproof body of any one of Claim 1 to 3 WHEREIN: The said fire conduction part is formed smaller than the said foaming agent. The flameproof body of Claim 3 WHEREIN: The said heat conducting part is formed smaller than the said foaming agent. The flameproof body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fire guiding portion is formed integrally with the foaming agent. The flameproof body of Claim 3 or 5 WHEREIN: The said heat conducting part is formed with the metal. The flameproof body according to any one of claims 1, 4, and 6, wherein the refractory foaming agent is disposed on an entrance / exit portion of the ventilation with respect to a wall space of the building. In addition, a belt-like shape is provided so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member, and the igniting portions are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the foaming agent, and in the underfloor space of the building. It extends. In a wall of a building that has a wall space and a part of ventilation for this space, and is formed so that the underfloor space and the attic space can communicate with each other,
  The wall of the building which arrange | positions the flameproof body of any one of Claim 1 to 8 in the said entrance / exit part. The attic space formed in the attic, the attic ventilation section for ventilating the air in the attic space, the underfloor space formed under the floor, the underfloor ventilation section for ventilating the air in the underfloor space, and both the spaces In a building comprising a wall body having a ventilation passage in the wall communicating with
  The building which arrange | positions the flameproof body of any one of Claim 1 to 8 in the entrance / exit part of ventilation with respect to the wall space of the said wall body. The building according to claim 10, wherein the flameproof body is disposed on a horizontal member disposed at an entrance / exit portion of the ventilation, and the fireproof foaming agent of the flameproof body forms a belt shape and the horizontal member. It is arrange | positioned at the upper surface, and the flame conduction part or the heat conduction part of the said flameproof body is provided in the longitudinal direction of the said foaming agent at intervals, and is extended in the said underfloor space or the underfloor space for floors. The building according to claim 10, wherein the beaker fixed on the horizontal member of the wall body is provided with an entrance / exit portion of the vent consisting of a notch or a through hole at intervals, and each of the entrance / exit portions has the The fireproof foaming agent of the flameproof body is disposed, and the fire conducting part or the heat conducting part of the flameproof body extends into the underfloor space or the floor underfloor space.

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