JP4837622B2 - Cement admixture and cement composition - Google Patents
Cement admixture and cement composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP4837622B2 JP4837622B2 JP2007133671A JP2007133671A JP4837622B2 JP 4837622 B2 JP4837622 B2 JP 4837622B2 JP 2007133671 A JP2007133671 A JP 2007133671A JP 2007133671 A JP2007133671 A JP 2007133671A JP 4837622 B2 JP4837622 B2 JP 4837622B2
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 serpentinite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/022—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
- C04B2103/0089—Agents for reducing heat of hydration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、主に、土木・建築業界において使用されるセメント混和材及びセメント組成物に関する。 The present invention mainly relates to a cement admixture and a cement composition used in the civil engineering and construction industries.
近年、土木・建築分野において、コンクリート構造物の耐久性向上に対する要望が高まっている。
コンクリート構造物の劣化要因の１つとして、ひび割れがある。ひび割れはコンクリートの信頼性を損なうものである。
ひび割れの発生原因は多様であるが、なかでも、マッシブなコンクリートに特有のひび割れとして、水和発熱に起因する温度ひび割れが挙げられる。
In recent years, in the field of civil engineering and architecture, there has been an increasing demand for improving the durability of concrete structures.
One of the deterioration factors of concrete structures is cracking. Cracks impair the reliability of concrete.
There are various causes for the occurrence of cracks, but among them, cracks unique to massive concrete include temperature cracks due to hydration heat generation.
マッシブなコンクリート、いわゆる、マスコンの温度ひび割れを抑制する技術としては、水和熱抑制剤を適用する方法が提案されている（特許文献１〜特許文献４参照）。
しかしながら、未だに充分な性能を実現できていないのが実状である。温度ひび割れを効果的に抑制できるセメント混和材の開発が強く望まれている。
As a technique for suppressing thermal cracking of massive concrete, so-called mascon, a method of applying a hydration heat inhibitor has been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 to 4).
However, the reality is that sufficient performance has not yet been realized. Development of a cement admixture that can effectively suppress temperature cracking is strongly desired.
一方、フミン酸やニトロフミン酸は、根の活性化と地力の維持・向上を目的として、土壌改良剤など農業分野で広範に利用されている。
ニトロフミン酸は、例えば、亜炭、草炭等の腐食性物質を含有する若年炭の粉砕物と硝酸を反応させて得られるものである。
土壌改良剤としては、このニトロフミン酸や、これに、ドロマイト、マグネサイト、マグネシア、蛇紋岩、ケイ酸マグネシウム、及び水酸化マグネシウムなどの一種又は二種以上を加え反応させたニトロフミン酸マグネシウムが提案されている（特許文献５参照）。
しかしながら、これをセメント混和材として利用した際に、どのような効果を生むかについては全く知られていない。
On the other hand, humic acid and nitrohumic acid are widely used in the agricultural field such as soil conditioners for the purpose of root activation and maintenance / improvement of geopower.
Nitrohumic acid is obtained, for example, by reacting a pulverized product of young charcoal containing a corrosive substance such as lignite and grass charcoal with nitric acid.
As a soil conditioner, this nitrohumic acid, or magnesium nitrohumate that is reacted with one or more of dolomite, magnesite, magnesia, serpentinite, magnesium silicate, magnesium hydroxide, etc. are proposed. (See Patent Document 5).
However, what effect is produced when this is used as a cement admixture is not known at all.
このニトロフミン酸やニトロフミン酸マグネシウムはフミン酸を主成分とするが、単に、フミン酸やフミン酸塩をセメントに混和したのでは、本発明の効果は得られない。 The nitrohumic acid and magnesium nitrohumate are mainly composed of humic acid, but the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained simply by mixing humic acid or humic acid salt with cement.
本発明は、土木用途や建築用途におけるセメント混和材及びセメント組成物を提供する。 The present invention provides a cement admixture and a cement composition for civil engineering and building applications.
即ち、本発明は、亜炭と硝酸から生成したフミン酸、軽質マグネシア、及び珪酸質物質から得られる反応生成物を含有してなるセメント混和材であり、珪酸質物質が砂岩である該セメント混和材であり、反応生成物の粒度が、600μｍ以下である該セメント混和材であり、セメントと該セメント混和材とを含有してなるセメント組成物である。 That is, the present invention is a cement admixture containing a humic acid produced from lignite and nitric acid, light magnesia, and a reaction product obtained from a siliceous substance, wherein the siliceous substance is sandstone. The cement admixture having a particle size of a reaction product of 600 μm or less, and a cement composition comprising the cement and the cement admixture.
本発明のセメント混和材を使用することにより、優れた水和熱抑制効果を付与でき、しかも、強度発現性におよぼす影響が小さく、特に、マスコンクリートやプレストレストコンクリートに適用すれば、温度ひび割れも著しく低減できるセメント組成物が得られるなどの効果を奏する。 By using the cement admixture of the present invention, an excellent hydration heat suppression effect can be imparted, and the effect on strength development is small, and particularly when applied to mass concrete and prestressed concrete, temperature cracks are also marked. There are effects such as obtaining a cement composition that can be reduced.
本発明における部や％は特に規定しない限り質量基準で示す。
また、本発明におけるコンクリートとは、セメントペースト、セメントモルタル、及びコンクリートを総称するものである。
Unless otherwise specified, parts and% in the present invention are shown on a mass basis.
The concrete in the present invention is a general term for cement paste, cement mortar, and concrete.
本発明では、亜炭と硝酸から生成したフミン酸、軽質マグネシア、及び珪酸質物質から得られる反応生成物をセメント混和材として使用するものである。 In the present invention, a reaction product obtained from humic acid, light magnesia, and siliceous material generated from lignite and nitric acid is used as a cement admixture.
本発明では、亜炭を使用するが、その他、硝酸との反応によりフミン酸が得られる草炭、褐炭、及び泥炭等の若年炭も使用可能である。
また、硝酸としては、通常、濃度20〜50％のものを使用する。
軽質マグネシアは生成したフミン酸を中和するもので、本発明では、その他、ドロマイト、マグネサイト、及び水酸化マグネシウムなども使用可能である。
珪酸質物質としては、珪石や砂岩等が挙げられるが、通常、砂岩を使用する。
In the present invention, lignite is used, but other coals such as grass charcoal, lignite, and peat from which humic acid can be obtained by reaction with nitric acid can also be used.
Further, as nitric acid, one having a concentration of 20 to 50% is usually used.
Light magnesia neutralizes the produced humic acid. In the present invention, dolomite, magnesite, magnesium hydroxide, and the like can also be used.
Examples of siliceous substances include silica and sandstone, but sandstone is usually used.
まず、亜炭を硝酸で酸化分解してフミン酸を生成し、それに、軽質マグネシアと珪酸質物質を加えて中和して製造する。
亜炭や硝酸の使用割合は特に限定されるものではないが、通常、乾物換算の亜炭100部に対して、無水換算の硝酸40〜70部が好ましい。
その後、軽質マグネシアと珪酸質物質とを加え、混合し、中和して中和生成物を製造する。
軽質マグネシアと珪酸質物質の使用割合は特に限定されるものではないが、珪酸質物質として砂岩を使用する場合、通常、乾物換算の亜炭100部に対して、軽質マグネシア５〜30部で、砂岩10〜25部が好ましい。
中和生成物を、水などを使用し、造粒後、乾燥し反応生成物とする。
本発明では、この反応生成物を分級・粉砕処理等によって粒度調整したものをセメント混和材として使用することが可能である。なかでも、600μｍ以下の細粒分を用いることが好ましい。また、同様に製造される腐植酸苦土肥料をそのまま、あるいは、篩い分けや分級、粉砕処理等によって粒度調整したものを使用することが可能である。
First, lignite is oxidized and decomposed with nitric acid to produce humic acid, and light magnesia and siliceous substances are added to neutralize it.
The use ratio of lignite and nitric acid is not particularly limited, but usually 40 to 70 parts of nitric acid in terms of anhydrous matter is preferable to 100 parts of lignite in terms of dry matter.
Thereafter, light magnesia and siliceous material are added, mixed and neutralized to produce a neutralized product.
The use ratio of light magnesia and siliceous material is not particularly limited, but when sandstone is used as siliceous material, it is usually 5-30 parts of light magnesia against 100 parts of lignite in terms of dry matter. 10 to 25 parts are preferred.
The neutralized product is granulated and then dried to form a reaction product using water or the like.
In the present invention, it is possible to use a product obtained by adjusting the particle size of the reaction product by classification / pulverization or the like as a cement admixture. Among these, it is preferable to use a fine particle portion of 600 μm or less. Further, it is possible to use a humic acid bitter fertilizer produced in the same manner as it is or after adjusting the particle size by sieving, classification, pulverization or the like.
本発明の反応生成物の化学成分は、通常、フミン酸が45〜58％、く溶性MgOが２〜13％、SiO2が４〜12％、Fe2O3が２〜９％、Al2O3が２〜８％、及び水分が０〜20％である。なお、く溶性MgOのうち、水溶性MgOは１〜５％である。
ここで、く溶性MgOとは、２％のクエン酸水溶液に溶解するMgOを意味し、水溶性MgOはく溶性MgOのなかにはいる。
Chemical components of the reaction product of the present invention is usually humic acid 45-58%, Ku-soluble MgO is 2 to 13% SiO 2 is 4 to 12% Fe 2 O 3 is 2 to 9% Al 2 O 3 is 2 to 8% and moisture is 0 to 20%. In addition, water-soluble MgO is 1 to 5% among soluble MgO.
Here, the soluble MgO means MgO dissolved in a 2% aqueous citric acid solution, and the water-soluble MgO is included in the soluble MgO.
本発明の反応生成物は、化学成分の上では、フミン酸を主成分とするが、単に、フミン酸やその塩を用いたのでは、本発明の効果は得られない。
これは、数々の実験を通して見いだしたものである。その原因は定かではないが、反応生成物を製造する工程で加えられる軽質マグネシアや砂岩との相互作用により、独自の複合材料が形成されているためと推察される。
また、これらの軽質マグネシアや砂岩との複合化によって、化学成分の溶解性が異なることも考えられる。
The reaction product of the present invention is mainly composed of humic acid on the chemical component, but the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained by simply using humic acid or a salt thereof.
This has been found through numerous experiments. The cause is not clear, but it is presumed that a unique composite material is formed by the interaction with light magnesia and sandstone added in the process of producing the reaction product.
It is also possible that the solubility of chemical components varies depending on the combination of these light magnesia and sandstone.
反応生成物に含まれるMgO成分には、水に可溶性のものと、難溶性のものが混在しており、このことも、本発明の効果を生んでいるひとつの要因と考えられる。 The MgO component contained in the reaction product contains a mixture that is soluble in water and a component that is sparingly soluble. This is also considered to be one factor that produces the effects of the present invention.
反応生成物の粒度は、特に限定されるものではないが、通常、600μｍ以下の細粒分を使用することが好適である。粗粒が含まれると、充分な水和熱抑制効果が得られにくくなるおそれがあり、また、強度発現性が悪くなるおそれがある。 The particle size of the reaction product is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferable to use a fine particle having a particle size of 600 μm or less. When coarse particles are contained, there is a possibility that a sufficient effect of suppressing heat of hydration may not be obtained, and strength development may be deteriorated.
本発明のセメント混和材は、亜炭と硝酸から生成したフミン酸、軽質マグネシア、及び砂岩から得られる反応生成物を主成分とする。
本発明のセメント混和材の使用量は特に限定されるものではないが、通常、セメントとセメント混和材からなるセメント組成物100部中、0.1〜５部が好ましく、0.3〜３部がより好ましい。セメント混和材の使用量が少ないと充分な水和熱抑制効果が得られなくなるおそれがあり、過剰に使用すると強度発現性が悪くなるおそれがある。
The cement admixture of the present invention contains, as a main component, a reaction product obtained from humic acid generated from lignite and nitric acid, light magnesia, and sandstone.
Although the usage-amount of the cement admixture of this invention is not specifically limited, Usually, 0.1-5 parts are preferable in a cement composition which consists of a cement and a cement admixture, and 0.3-3 parts are more preferable. If the amount of the cement admixture used is small, a sufficient effect of suppressing hydration heat may not be obtained, and if used excessively, strength development may be deteriorated.
セメントは、普通、早強、超早強、低熱、及び中庸熱等の各種ポルトランドセメントや、これらポルトランドセメントに、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、又はシリカを混合した各種混合セメント、石灰石粉末や高炉徐冷スラグ微粉末等を混合したフィラーセメント、並びに、都市ゴミ焼却灰や下水汚泥焼却灰を原料として製造された環境調和型セメント（エコセメント）などが挙げられ、本発明では、これらのうちの一種又は二種以上が使用可能である。 Cement includes various portland cements such as normal, early strength, ultra-early strength, low heat, and moderate heat, various mixed cements in which blast furnace slag, fly ash, or silica is mixed with these portland cements, limestone powder and blast furnace slow cooling. Filler cement mixed with fine slag powder, etc., and environmentally friendly cement (eco-cement) manufactured using municipal waste incineration ash and sewage sludge incineration ash as raw materials, etc. Two or more types can be used.
本発明のセメント混和材やセメント組成物はそれぞれの材料を施工時に混合しても良いし、あらかじめ一部あるいは全部を混合しておいても差し支えない。 The cement admixture and cement composition of the present invention may be mixed at the time of construction, or may be partially or wholly mixed in advance.
本発明では、砂等の細骨材、砂利等の粗骨材、膨張材、急硬材、減水剤、ＡＥ減水剤、高性能減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、防錆剤、防凍剤、収縮低減剤、高分子エマルジョン、凝結調整剤、ベントナイトなどの粘土鉱物、及びハイドロタルサイトなどのアニオン交換体等の各種添加剤、並びに、高炉水砕スラグ微粉末、高炉徐冷スラグ微粉末、石灰石微粉末、フライアッシュ、及びシリカフュームなどの混和材料等からなる群より選ばれた一種又は二種以上を、本発明の目的を実質的に阻害しない範囲で併用することが可能である。 In the present invention, fine aggregates such as sand, coarse aggregates such as gravel, expanded materials, quick hard materials, water reducing agents, AE water reducing agents, high performance water reducing agents, high performance AE water reducing agents, antifoaming agents, thickening agents Various additives such as rust inhibitors, antifreeze agents, shrinkage reducing agents, polymer emulsions, setting modifiers, clay minerals such as bentonite, and anion exchangers such as hydrotalcite, and ground granulated blast furnace slag, One or two or more selected from the group consisting of admixed materials such as blast furnace slow-cooled slag fine powder, limestone fine powder, fly ash, and silica fume are used in a range that does not substantially impair the object of the present invention. Is possible.
以下、本発明の実験例に基づいて、本発明をさらに説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described based on experimental examples of the present invention.
実験例１
表１に示す組成のセメント混和材を使用し、マスコンクリートの温度ひび割れ抑制効果を調べた。
表１に示す反応生成物からなるセメント混和材を、セメントαとセメント混和材からなるセメント組成物100部中、１部使用し、単位セメント組成物量300kg/m3、単位水量170kg/m3、s/a＝47％、スランプ18cm、及び設計強度21N/mm2のコンクリートを調製し、圧縮強度と断熱温度上昇量を測定し、ひび割れ発生状況を評価した。
また、同じ配合のコンクリートを用いて、厚さ１ｍ、高さ2.5ｍ、長さ10ｍの壁を作製した。型枠の存置期間は材齢７日までとし、材齢28日までの断熱温度上昇量を測定し、ひび割れの発生状況も観察した。また、圧縮強度についても測定した。結果を表１に併記した。
なお、比較のために、セメント混和材として市販のフミン酸を使用した場合についても同様に行った。
Experimental example 1
Using the cement admixture having the composition shown in Table 1, the effect of inhibiting temperature cracking of mass concrete was investigated.
Using 1 part of the cement admixture composed of the reaction product shown in Table 1 in 100 parts of cement composition composed of cement α and cement admixture, the unit cement composition amount is 300 kg / m 3 , the unit water amount is 170 kg / m 3 , Concrete with s / a = 47%, slump of 18 cm, and design strength of 21 N / mm 2 was prepared, the compressive strength and the amount of heat insulation temperature increase were measured, and the crack occurrence state was evaluated.
In addition, a wall having a thickness of 1 m, a height of 2.5 m, and a length of 10 m was prepared using the same blend of concrete. The retention period of the mold was up to 7 days of age, the amount of heat insulation temperature rise until the age of 28 days was measured, and the occurrence of cracks was also observed. The compressive strength was also measured. The results are also shown in Table 1.
For comparison, the same procedure was performed when commercially available humic acid was used as a cement admixture.
＜使用材料＞
セメントα：市販の普通ポルトランドセメント
細骨材 ：新潟県姫川産、比重2.62、最大骨材寸法５mm
粗骨材 ：新潟県姫川産、比重2.64、最大骨材寸法25mm
市販のフミン酸：試薬、フミン酸
<Materials used>
Cement α: Commercially available ordinary Portland cement fine aggregate: Himekawa, Niigata prefecture, specific gravity 2.62, maximum aggregate size 5mm
Coarse aggregate: Himekawa, Niigata prefecture, specific gravity 2.64, maximum aggregate size 25mm
Commercial humic acid: Reagent, Humic acid
＜測定方法＞
圧縮強度 ：JIS A 1108に準じて測定
断熱温度上昇量：東京理工社製の断熱温度上昇試験装置を使用し、断熱温度上昇量を測定した。練り上がりのコンクリート温度を20℃±２℃とした。
ひび割れ発生状況：目視で観察できるひび割れがない場合を優、ひび割れの本数が１本で、かつ、ひび割れ幅も0.05mm未満である場合を良、ひび割れの本数は１本だが、ひび割れ幅が0.1mm以上、0.2mm未満の場合を可、及びひび割れが２本以上発生したか、もしくは、ひび割れ本数は１本だが0.2mm以上のひび割れ幅を持つひび割れが発生した場合を不可とする。
<Measurement method>
Compressive strength: Measured adiabatic temperature rise according to JIS A 1108: Adiabatic temperature rise was measured using an adiabatic temperature rise test apparatus manufactured by Tokyo Riko Co. The concrete temperature after kneading was set to 20 ° C. ± 2 ° C.
Cracking condition: Excellent when there is no crack that can be visually observed, the number of cracks is one and the crack width is less than 0.05 mm, and the number of cracks is one, but the crack width is 0.1 mm Above, the case of less than 0.2mm is acceptable, and the case where two or more cracks have occurred, or the number of cracks is one but the crack with crack width of 0.2mm or more has occurred.
実験例２
実験No.1- 1と同じ化学成分の反応生成物を用い、粉砕して表２に示す最大粒径のセメント混和材とし、セメント組成物100部中、１部使用したこと以外は実験例１と同様に行った。結果を表２に併記した。
Experimental example 2
Experimental Example 1 except that the reaction product of the same chemical composition as in Experiment No. 1-1 was ground to make the cement admixture with the maximum particle size shown in Table 2 and 1 part was used in 100 parts of the cement composition. As well as. The results are shown in Table 2.
実験例３
実験No.1- 1と同じ化学成分の反応生成物をセメント混和材とし、セメントとセメント混和材からなるセメント組成物100部中、表３に示す使用量を用いたこと以外は実験例１と同様に行った。結果を表３に併記した。
Experimental example 3
Experimental Example 1 except that the reaction product of the same chemical composition as Experiment No. 1-1 was used as a cement admixture, and the usage amount shown in Table 3 was used in 100 parts of a cement composition composed of cement and cement admixture. The same was done. The results are also shown in Table 3.
実験例４
実験No.1- 1と同じ化学成分の反応生成物をセメント混和材とし、セメント混和材を１部使用し、表４に示すセメントを使用したこと以外は実験例１と同様に行った。結果を表４に併記した。
Experimental Example 4
A reaction product having the same chemical composition as in Experiment No. 1-1 was used as a cement admixture, 1 part of the cement admixture was used, and the same procedure as in Experimental Example 1 was performed except that the cement shown in Table 4 was used. The results are also shown in Table 4.
＜使用材料＞
セメントβ：市販の高炉セメントＢ種
<Materials used>
Cement β: Commercial blast furnace cement type B
本発明のセメント混和材を使用することにより、優れた水和熱抑制効果を付与でき、しかも、強度発現性におよぼす影響が小さく、特に、マスコンクリートやプレストレストコンクリートに適用すれば、温度ひび割れも著しく低減できるセメント組成物が得られるなどの効果を奏する。 By using the cement admixture of the present invention, an excellent hydration heat suppression effect can be imparted, and the effect on strength development is small, and particularly when applied to mass concrete and prestressed concrete, temperature cracks are also marked. There are effects such as obtaining a cement composition that can be reduced.
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