JP4773297B2 - 低ガラス転移温度を有するポリマー組成物 - Google Patents
低ガラス転移温度を有するポリマー組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4773297B2 JP4773297B2 JP2006214865A JP2006214865A JP4773297B2 JP 4773297 B2 JP4773297 B2 JP 4773297B2 JP 2006214865 A JP2006214865 A JP 2006214865A JP 2006214865 A JP2006214865 A JP 2006214865A JP 4773297 B2 JP4773297 B2 JP 4773297B2
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- 150000002976 peresters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003053 polystyrene-divinylbenzene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTECDUFMBMSHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C=C QTECDUFMBMSHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
本発明の他の目的は、加工助剤特性及び潤滑剤特性を有する新規なポリマー組成物を、それらの製造及び使用方法も含めて提供することである。
a)30℃以上のTgを有する少なくとも一つのポリマー及び少なくとも30nmのポリマー粒子を含む第一成分、及び
b)少なくとも30nmの平均粒径、2以上のポリマーサイズインデックス及び高くとも20℃までのTgを有するポリマー粒子を含む第二成分を含み、ここで、該加工助剤粒子は第一ポリマー段を含み、ここで該第一ポリマー段の少なくとも50重量パーセントはブタジエン及びC1からC18アルキル(メタ)アクリレートからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つのモノマーから誘導された単位を有する第一ポリマー成分を含む;
但し該第一成分と該加工助剤粒子との重量比は約99.5/0.5から約50/50である組成物である。
2以上のポリマーサイズインデックス及び低ガラス転移温度を有するポリマー組成物はエマルション重合により次のように製造された:加熱、冷却、撹拌可能な;及び窒素ガススパージ/スウィープ、コンデンサー及び温度をモニターする手段を装填した好適な反応器に71.39部の脱イオン水及び0.05部の塩化ナトリウムが充填された。溶液は、ゆっくりと撹拌し、窒素の緩慢な流れでその溶液をスパージしながら約55℃に加熱された。約30分の後で、50〜55℃の溶液について、窒素スウィープが使用された。
第一段階は、加熱及び冷却できるジャケット、高強度ミキサー、マーリン(MERLIN)FM‐10を使用してPVC粉末ブレンドを作ることであった。2500gのオキシビニル(OXYVINYL、商標)155PVC(K値49、オキシケム Corp.製造)はブレンダーに充填された。PVCは、加熱され、20メートル/秒の速度で混合された。混合物の温度が50℃に達したら、38gのアドバスタブ(ADVASTAB)TM‐181スズベース熱安定剤(ロームアンドハースカンパニー製造)が添加された。それから、混合物の温度が、約90℃に達したとき、次の量の実施例1からの生成物が添加された:
この実施例において、実施例2の第一段階が次の点を除き繰り返された。混合物の温度が約90℃に到達したとき、次のものが添加される:
b K−400 は、ローム アンド ハース社製造のPVC用高分子量アクリル加工助剤、パラロイドK−400を意味する。
c HMLT法を使用して測定された分子量(×106)。
d ダイスウェルは、(冷却ロッドの直径(mm)/ダイオープニングの直径)×100(より高い値はより大きい溶融強度を示す)。
e YIは、光源C、2°の標準観察、6.35ミリ(0.25インチ)アパーチャでのハンターラブ(商標)ラブスキャン(商標)XE機器を使用した高溶融温度において押出されたロッドについて測定されたイエローネスインデックスである。
次の比較配合物が、実施例2の方法を使用して製造された:
耐衝撃性改良剤パラロイド(Paraloid、商標)BTA‐730Lの水性ラテックスは、BTA‐730L固形分対実施例1固形分が20:1の比を与えるように選択される量で、実施例1からの本発明の水性ラテックスとブレンドされた。このブレンドは、30%固形分を有するよう水で希釈された;次いで、それは室温でHCl溶液に添加されラテックスを凝固させた;凝固ラテックスは、濾過され、60℃においてオーブン中で乾燥された。生じた粉末は、本明細書において「730/SFA/H」として表示される。プロセスは、今回は10:1の固形分比を使用して繰り返され、生じた粉末は、本明細書において「730/SFA/1」と表示される。次の配合物が、比較実施例5においても使用された選択成分を使用して製造された:
比較実施例5及び実施例6及び7の配合物は、インターナルミキサー中で衝撃試験により試験された。インターナルミキサーはハークレオコード系90ボウルである。60gの固体配合物はボウルに添加され、175℃において分当たり55回転数で試験された。融解時間(ピークトルクが生じる時間);(PVC樹脂が容易にスムースな流動性溶融体となる一つの尺度)及び平衡におけるトルク(融解後6分)が記録された。試料は、種々の回数でボウルから取り出され、実施例4においてのようにYIについて試験された。
下記の比較配合物が製造された。これらは、PVC発泡体配合物である。押出の後で、配合物は、比較的高いダイスウェル及び比較的低い密度を有する。成分量は、「重量部」(pbw)として下に掲示される。下記のベース配合物は、比較実施例C11〜C14について使用された:
g K−175は、ローム アンド ハース社のパラロイド(商標)加工助剤である。
h AZRVは、ユニロイヤルケミカル社のアゾジカルボンアミド発泡剤である。
i K−435は、ローム アンド ハース社のパラロイド(商標)加工助剤である。
下記の配合物が製造された。これらはPVC発泡体配合物である。押出の後で、配合物は、比較的高いダイスウェル及び比較的低い密度を有する。成分量は、「重量部」(pbw)として下に掲示される。これらのベース配合物は、比較実施例C11〜C14について使用されたのと同一であった。
「400/SPA」=75pbwK‐400及び25pbw実施例1のブレンド
「435/SPA」=75pbwK‐435及び25pbw実施例1のブレンド
・空気圧による約35,000rpmのアトマイザースピード
・160℃に設定された挿入空気温度
・60℃の出口温度を達成するよう設定されたブレンド供給速度
・粉末は出口から収集され、下記のように使用された。
比較例C11〜C14及び実施例15〜18において記載された発泡体配合物は、押出された。押出は、実施例2におけるのと同一ハーク装置において、60rpmで、帯域温度170℃(帯域1)、180℃(帯域2)、190℃(帯域3)及び170℃(帯域4)で遂行された。結果は次の通りであった:
次の比較配合物が、実施例2の方法を使用して製造された:
HClの代わりにCaCl2を使用したことを除いて実施例6の方法を使用して、ロームアンドハース Co.からの耐衝撃性改良剤エマルションポリマーパラロイド(商標)KM‐399は、実施例1からのエマルションポリマーと混合された。混合物は、KM‐399対実施例1の固形分比が8:1で製造され、生じた粉末は「399/SPA/H/28」と呼ばれる。操作手順は4:1の固形分比で繰り返され、生じた粉末は「399/SPA/1/29」と呼ばれる。
比較実施例C27及び実施例28及び29からの配合物は、シンシナティミリクロンにより製造されたCM‐35二軸スクリュウ押出機において次の条件で押出された:帯域1、188℃(370°F);帯域2、185℃(365°F);帯域3、182℃(360°F);スクリュウオイル171℃(340°F)、アダプターD1;ボディD2、サイドD3、サイドD4、全て191℃(375°F);18rpm;152mm(6インチ);シートダイ;高剪断スクリュウ。トルクは、押出機が可能である最大トルク荷重のパーセンテージである「%荷重」を使用して評価された。配合物は、また、ガードナー衝撃法、ASTM D5420‐98aを使用してダート衝撃抵抗について評価された,但し、平均破損エネルギーを試料厚さで割ったものである。結果は、次の通りである:
実施例1の方法を使用して、追加のポリマーが製造された。それぞれの追加のポリマーにおいては、エチルアクリレートの23.80部はアクリルモノマー混合物の約23.80部で置き換えられた;混合物は種々のTgのポリマーを生じるよう選択された。それぞれのポリマーが製造された後、Tgは二度測定され、平均が下記に報告される。それぞれのポリマーは、実施例2の方法を使用して、PVC配合物中に含まれ、押出された。それぞれの場合において、PVCの100重量部当たり1重量部のポリマーが使用された。結果は、次の通りであった:
Claims (5)
- 2×106g/モル以上の分子量及び高くとも20℃までのガラス転移温度(Tg)を有するポリマー組成物であって、該ポリマー組成物は第一ポリマー段を含み、該第一ポリマー段の少なくとも50重量パーセントが、エチルアクリレートから誘導された単位を含み、
該ポリマー組成物は、テトラヒドロフラン中で2mg/mlの濃度の溶液を生成することができ、
該ポリマー組成物は、場合によってさらに、該第一ポリマー段の上に適用された第二ポリマー段を含み、該第二ポリマー段は少なくとも30℃のTgを有し、該第二ポリマー段は少なくとも50重量パーセントの、メチルメタクリレート又はスチレンから誘導された単位を含み、
該ポリマー組成物は、場合によってさらに、該第一ポリマー段と該第二ポリマー段の間の中間層である第三ポリマー段を含み、該第三ポリマー段は、C1からC18アルキル(メタ)アクリレートから誘導された単位を含み、
該ポリマー組成物は、固体ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂が加熱及び機械的作業に曝されて均質な溶融体を形成するのに必要な時間を短縮し、及び
該ポリマー組成物は、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂を滑らかにする、
前記ポリマー組成物。 - 該ポリマー組成物が4×106g/モル以上の分子量及び0℃未満のTgを有する請求項1に記載のポリマー組成物。
- プラスチック添加剤として使用され得るマルチモーダルポリマー組成物であって、該マルチモーダルポリマー組成物は:
a)30℃以上のTgを有する少なくとも一つのポリマー及び少なくとも30nmのポリマー粒子を含む第一成分、及び
b)少なくとも30nmの平均粒径を有するポリマー粒子を含む第二成分
を含み、ここで、該粒子は請求項1に記載のポリマー組成物を含む;
ここで、該第一成分の該第二成分に対する重量比は約99.5/0.5から約50/50である、前記マルチモーダルポリマー組成物。 - 該第一成分が
i)少なくとも30nmの平均粒径を有する耐衝撃性改良剤粒子の第一集団を含む耐衝撃性改良剤成分であって、該耐衝撃性改良剤粒子が:1)0℃未満のTgを有するコア部分、2)30℃より高いTgを有するシェル部分を有するもの;及び
ii)少なくとも30nmの平均粒径を有する硬質加工助剤粒子の第一集団を含む硬質加工助剤であって、該硬質加工助剤粒子が30℃以上のTgを有するもの、
からなる群から選択される請求項3に記載の組成物。 - 該第一ポリマー成分がエチルアクリレートから誘導される単位からなる請求項4に記載のポリマー組成物。
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WO2014111292A1 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Basf Se | Acrylic dispersion-based coating compositions |
FR3019550B1 (fr) | 2014-04-07 | 2020-11-20 | Arkema France | Composition de poudre de polymere et son procede de preparation |
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JP2011149027A (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
BR0303105A (pt) | 2004-08-24 |
EP1394205B1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
US20040039123A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
US20050250880A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
CN1487024A (zh) | 2004-04-07 |
TW200413464A (en) | 2004-08-01 |
US7893157B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
EP1394205A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
JP2011140657A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
JP2006291231A (ja) | 2006-10-26 |
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