JP4767241B2 - Sea bream direct sowing seedling cultivation method and sea bream seawater circulation culture device - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing directly-seeded seedling seedlings of sea cucumber and a seawater circulation type aquaculture apparatus in which the mother algae are grown in a water channel by spraying shredded sea bream mother algae directly on the water channel.

  Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, as a method for culturing seaweeds, a fertilizer is accommodated in a cultivating base material, and can be removed from the cultivating base material, and a seeding member seeded with seaweed is cultivated as described above. There has been proposed a method of culturing that is attached to a base material and submerged in the sea so as to elute the fertilizer contained in the culture base material.

  Moreover, as described in Patent Document 2, a land-cultivating method for accommodating and cultivating sterile Anaaaosa mutants in a floating state in a cultivation tank has also been proposed.

  In addition, as described in Patent Document 3, after chopping a green alga Aosa leaf-like body into pieces (0.6 to 15 mm square), the green algae Aosa leaf-like body piece is cultured in seawater, thereby producing a green alga Aosa. There has also been proposed a method for inducing the growth of germ cells of the green alga Aosa, which promotes maturation of the genus and forms and releases germ cells.

Moreover, as described in Patent Document 4, as a seaweed culture apparatus, a culture tank whose capacity is increased in stages from the first tank to the final tank is provided, and a wave flow stirrer is provided in each tank after the third tank. A seaweed continuous aquaculture device has also been proposed that automatically supplies seawater containing nutrient salts to each tank.
JP-A-5-316891 JP-A-7-203789 JP-A-9-205916 JP 2001-113226 A

  However, the aquaculture method described in Patent Document 1 is aquaculture on the sea, and requires a step of attaching spores cultured from seaweed to the implantation substrate until the spores are adhered to the implantation substrate and cultured. It took a lot of work processes and days, and had the subject of causing a cost increase.

  Moreover, in the land cultivation method described in patent document 2, since a fertile Anaaaosa mutant is cut | disconnected and it accommodates and culture | cultivates in the state which floated in the cultivation tank, a seaweed matures in an aquarium, and a growth rate falls. Therefore, there was a problem that the production rate was lowered.

  Furthermore, in the method for inducing proliferation of germ cells of the genus Aosa described in Patent Document 3, it is necessary to cultivate seedlings for a long time in order to grow Aosa from spores, and depending on the amount of spores generated, There is a problem that the amount of seedlings is likely to differ, and it is difficult to adjust the culture density. Further, in the production process, mother alga shredding → spore release → spore agglomeration → agglomeration peeling → free culture and each step In the final process, the plant is cultivated by the process of transferring to a large aquarium and culturing. Therefore, the production facility is large and complex, and the production facility is expensive. In addition, since the production process is diverse, there is a problem that a lot of manpower is required for production.

  Furthermore, in the aquaculture device described in Patent Document 4, since the seedlings are put in the aquarium and aerated for aquaculture, the cost of aeration increases as the aquarium increases in size, and a large amount of seawater is required for aquaculture. When increasing the amount of aquaculture, it is necessary to expand the aquarium and its associated facilities, which is costly. Also, when the collected seaweed is commercialized, a cleaning process is required for removing foreign substances. Had problems.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and sprinkled shrimp seaweed mother algae is sprayed on a water channel in which seawater to which nutrient salts have been added is stored and stopped, and is left for a certain date and time to allow the mother algae to remain on the water channel. This is a method for producing seedling seedlings of sea bream characterized by culturing and culturing the mother algae chopped on the water channel after circulating the seawater at a constant speed.

  According to the present invention, compared to the method for inducing proliferation of germ cells described in Patent Document 3 as a prior art, a cultured seedling is obtained by spraying shredded mother algae directly on a water channel and allowing it to grow on the water channel. Therefore, a seedling production process for producing seedlings from spores is not required, the production process can be shortened, and the facility cost is greatly reduced because the production facility is only a circulation channel.

  In addition, according to the above conventional method, maternal algae shredding → spore release → spore agglomeration → agglomeration detachment → free culture and stepwise transfer to a large aquarium, and culture is performed in each step. However, according to the present invention, maternal algae shredding → spreading in a waterway → leaving for a certain period of time and culturing and culturing by circulating seawater after settling, so that no effort is required for culturing and aquaculture, and production efficiency is improved. It is possible to provide a method for culturing and culturing a high-quality scorpionate. Furthermore, adjustment of the seedling density can be easily achieved by adjusting the amount of mother algae of Sueaonoori sprayed in the water channel.

  Moreover, since direct culture is carried out from the mother algae, algal bodies can be produced in a shorter period of time compared to the conventional method of producing seedlings from spores. Furthermore, since nutrient salts are mixed with seawater and cultured and cultured under conditions optimal for the growth of algal bodies, the seaweed is cultivated by circulating seawater after the seedlings have settled in the waterways. Can be farmed.

  In addition, the seawater circulation type aquaculture device of Suea Onori of the present invention circulates seawater with one water flow generator, so the cost is lower than that of the conventional device, and by adjusting the water level of the seawater circulating in the waterway, It can be cultivated with the minimum amount of seawater, and since it is a seawater circulation type, the added nutrient salts do not flow out and can be cultivated with a low water exchange rate. In addition, since the amount of seawater used is small, it is possible to cultivate with filtered seawater, so it is always possible to cultivate with clean seawater, and the yield can be increased simply by lengthening the waterway of the aquaculture facility. Therefore, the production cost can be reduced, and by flowing the water for cleaning the water on the water channel, the water cleaning can be performed on the water channel before sampling, and the cleaning process can be omitted. Further, by increasing the flow rate of the washing water, the washing effect of the algal bodies can be increased and the foreign matter removing step can be omitted.

  Hereinafter, the seedling culture method and the culture apparatus of the Sugioonori of this invention are demonstrated.

  FIG. 1 shows a seawater circulation type aquaculture apparatus used in the seedling culture method for sudioonori of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a water channel apparatus main body of a seawater circulation type aquaculture apparatus. In this embodiment, the main body has a length of 5 m, a width of 1.5 m, and a height of 0.5 m. 2 is a water channel partition plate that extends from one end to the other end in the middle of the length direction of the water channel device 1, and has an interval (50 cm in FIG. 1) for circulating sea water at the other end. It will be installed.

  One end of the water channel device 1 is provided with a sea water circulation portion 3b having an interval (50 cm in FIG. 1) for circulating sea water set so that the water level is deeper than the water channel portion 4 partitioned by the partition plate 2. .

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a rectifying plate provided in a partition between the seawater circulation part 3b and the water channel part 4, and 6 denotes a pump provided in the seawater circulation part 3b. In this embodiment, the width of each water channel is 63.5 cm and the water level is 5 cm.

  The seawater supplied to the seawater circulation type aquaculture device of the present embodiment flows from one waterway part into the seawater circulation part 3b and then is sent to the other waterway part by a pump, and a certain amount of seawater flows through the waterway by this circulation. It is configured to be able to circulate.

  In the present embodiment, the seawater supplied to the waterway section 4 and the seawater stored in the waterway are appropriately sterilized with ultraviolet rays. In addition, the water channel device 1 is preferably a transparent water channel such as a transparent plastic having a high absorption efficiency of sunlight. Moreover, although the water channel apparatus 1 is arrange | positioned so that sunlight may be directly irradiated, when sunlight irradiation is too strong, sunlight is shielded suitably with a cold chill.

  Moreover, it can replace with the above-mentioned direct-seeding seedling culture apparatus, and can also be comprised so that it may return to one end which sent seawater from one end of a horizontally long aquaculture tank, passed through arbitrary water channels, and recirculated.

  Next, a method for cultivating seedling seedlings using the sea bream using the culture apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention will be described.

  The present inventor, when studying the culture method of shredding the spore-onori mother algae and causing the spores to grow on the substrate, in the process of cultivating the shredded mother algae in a water tank and culturing, When I tried to observe the mother algae, I discovered that there was something that was firmly growing on the bottom. It was also found that the shredded mother algae were clearly larger than those grown from the spores, and that the spores had grown on the shredded alga bodies and the individuals were growing. Therefore, when the cut mother algae were sprayed on a container containing nutrient salts and left to stand, it was confirmed that the shredded mother algae had settled in the container within a few days, and the nutrient algae was added to the seawater. It was found that if the mother of the cut-off Sugioonori was sprayed and left standing for a certain period of time, the Suojiori nori grows on the waterway and can be cultivated directly without adopting the conventional aquaculture process of culturing from spores.

  Based on this knowledge, the following experiments were conducted on the concentration of nutrients added to seawater and the growth and cultivation of Suikoonori.

  Porphyran Conco (Daiichi Seimyo Co., Ltd.) was used as a nutrient salt for the culture test of Sugioonori. In the present study, the present inventor has found that if nutrient salts added during the cultivation and cultivation of sugionori contain nitrate nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus, the establishment and cultivation are promoted.

  Sugiaonori's mother algae were chopped with a mixer and washed with seawater. Shredded and washed mother algae were sprayed directly on the water channel shown in FIG. 1 and the test was conducted under the test conditions shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the components of nutrients used in this test and the nutrient concentrations of deep sea water that has been conventionally used for seaweed culture. The nutrient salt used in this test shows a sufficiently high value for deep-sea water even with 1-fold addition of nitrate nitrogen. Phosphorus-phosphorus has a concentration higher than deep-sea water with 1-fold addition. It is low and will not reach the same level as deep ocean water unless it is added about 2.5 times.

  In Table 2, the nutrient salt concentration of the addition amount 1 is 0.005%, the addition amount 2.5 is 0.0125%, the addition amount 5 is 0.025%, and the addition amount 10 is 0.05%.

  Next, Table 3 shows the growth rate of mother algae and the spore release state for each test section with no addition, addition amounts 1, 2.5, 5, and 10.

  From this test result, in the test group with the addition amount of nutrient salt of 1, the growth rate is as low as 25%, in the test group of 2.5, 50%, in the test group of 75, 75%, in the test group of 10 and 90%. It was good. About 10% of the mother algae sprayed on the water channel floats on the surface of the water. Therefore, in the test section with the addition amount 10, approximately 100% of the mother algae settled on the bottom of the water channel has been established.

  Spore release is only slightly released in the test group where the amount of added nutrients is 2.5 or less, but is slightly released in the test group where the amount of addition is 5, and very large amount is released in the 10 test groups. It was done.

  In addition, as shown in Table 4, the growth of the grown sujionori is remarkable at maximum of 6 cm and 8 cm, respectively, in the test groups with the addition amounts of 5 and 10, and the growth of the test group with the addition amounts of 1 and 2.5 is remarkable. It was low. Further, as a result of a visual test, the color of seawater being cultured was dark green in proportion to the amount of nutrient added.

  Next, from the results of the growth test conducted after 2 weeks of pre-culture after seedling, the average value of the leaf length (60 individuals) measured at the end of the test after 2 weeks and 4 weeks. FIG. 2 shows the average values of the top 10 individuals and the growth rate obtained from the ratio of the average value of the 60 individuals and the top 10 individuals to the average value at the start of the test.

  In the test group with no addition and the addition amount 1, the leaf body length after 4 weeks has not grown from the time point after 2 weeks, whereas in the test group with the addition amount 5, 10, the leaf body length after 4 weeks has passed, They grew about 10 times and about 12 times from the start of the test, respectively, and showed a growth rate of 5 times or more.

  The difference between the average values was tested by t-test in the test section of addition amount 5 and addition amount 10 (risk rate 5%). As a result, there was no significant difference between the two test sections in the measurement after 2 weeks, but there was a difference in the measurement after 4 weeks.

  Next, the measurement result of the wet weight for each test section is shown in FIG.

  The wet weight is high in the test groups with the addition amounts of 5 and 10, and after about 10 g / test plate after 2 weeks, it has grown to about 100 g / test plate after 4 weeks.

  Summarizing the above experimental results, in the test groups with addition amounts of 5 and 10, the growth rate of the mother algae was as high as 75% and 90%, and the release of spores was remarkable. In the plot, the leaf length did not grow after 2 weeks, whereas in the test plots with the addition amount of 5 and 10, the growth was 10 times and 12 times from the start of the test.

  Moreover, as shown in Table 1, until the mother algae settled in the above experiment, the seawater in the water channel was still stopped, and after the settlement, the seawater flow rate was 2 cm / s. It was observed that when seawater flowed through the water channel before the mother algae settled, the mother algae floated in the water channel and inhibited the growth of the mother algae.

  In this experiment, the flow rate was 2 cm / s, the water level was 5 cm, and the water was changed every 2 days. However, these conditions are appropriately changed depending on the spreading density of the mother algae, the nutrient salt concentration, etc. Absent.

  FIG. 5 shows the flow from seedling application to harvesting in the seedling culture method of Sugioonori of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a flow from seed production to harvest by a conventional seed production system.

  In the aquaculture method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the mother algae are shredded and allowed to stand for 3 days after being sprayed on the waterway, and thereafter, the seawater is circulated in the same waterway for culturing and aquaculture. Therefore, the time required to start culture and culture is as short as 3 days and the apparatus is simple. However, in the conventional culture method for culturing spores from mother algae, as shown in FIG. In order to cultivate, about one week is required for indoor aeration culture and about two weeks for outdoor aeration culture. In the outdoor culture stage, complicated processes and devices are required to move to a large aquarium according to growth.

  As described above, the method for cultivating Sugioonori of the present invention is a direct sowing method in which mother algae are grown on a waterway, so that the aquaculture period can be significantly shortened. Since it is carried out on the waterway of the book, it becomes possible to produce it on land on land, and it is possible to produce Susioonori continuously regardless of the season.

  The aquaculture device of the present invention is configured to circulate seawater by generating a water flow in a water channel by a pump or the like, and circulates seawater to which nutrient salts are added at a water level and a flow rate according to the size of the sea bream. Therefore, it is possible to cultivate with minimal seawater.

  Further, the seawater used may be surface water, and since the amount used is small, it can be filtered, so it can be cultivated with clean seawater at all times.

  In addition, since seawater is circulated and cultured in the channel, alga bodies do not flow out of the channel, and even if spores are released from the alga body, the spores grow on the channel and re-grow. The amount can be increased significantly.

(A) is a top view of the seawater circulation type culture device of the present invention, and (b) is a side view. The graph which shows the average value of the leaf body length of a sujiaoori. The graph which shows the growth rate of the leaf body length of a sujiaoori. The graph which shows the wet weight of Susiaoonori for every test section. The flowchart which shows the production process of this invention. The flowchart which shows the conventional production process.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waterway apparatus main body 2 Waterway partition board 3 Seawater circulation part 4 Waterway part 5 Current plate 6 Pump

Claims (1)

  The shredded Sugioonori mother algae is sprayed on the water channel where seawater containing nutrients is stored and stopped and left standing for a certain period of time to allow the mother algae to settle on the water channel. A method for cultivating the seedlings of Sueaonoori, which is circulated and shredded on a waterway, and culturing the seedlings.

Images