JP4758400B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to a construction machine configured to control a control valve by a pilot pressure from an operating device.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine is a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body mounted on the lower traveling body via a swivel device so as to be capable of swiveling, and an uplifting motion in front of the upper revolving body. It is roughly constituted by a working device that can be provided.

  In addition, since a small excavator has a small upper swing body, it is necessary to mount various devices in close proximity without forming a useless gap. The upper revolving structure of this type of hydraulic excavator is provided on the revolving frame so as to cover a revolving frame forming a support structure, an engine mounted on the rear side of the revolving frame and driving a hydraulic pump, and a front side of the engine. A driver seat pedestal provided; a driver seat provided on the driver seat pedestal and seated by an operator; and a hydraulic pilot type operating lever provided on both the left and right sides of the driver seat for operating the working device and the turning device A control valve comprising a plurality of hydraulic pilot-type switching valves provided on the swivel frame and controlling the work device according to the operation of the operation lever device, and between the control valve and each operation lever device And a pattern switching valve for switching a combination pattern of the operation pattern of the operating device and the control valve.

  Here, the pattern switching valve is not frequently switched, and it is necessary to avoid inadvertent switching during operation of the engine. For this purpose, the pattern switching valve is accommodated in the driver seat base, and a cover that can be opened and closed is provided on the front side of the driver seat base, and a locking device is provided on the cover. Thereby, when the cover is closed and the locking device is locked using an engine key or the like, the pattern switching valve can be protected from inadvertent operation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-220576

  By the way, a small hydraulic excavator called a mini excavator is desired to improve the assembly workability by reducing the number of parts and to reduce the cost. Therefore, many general standard small hydraulic excavators are not provided with a locking device on the opening / closing cover covering the operation portion of the pattern switching valve.

  Thus, in a hydraulic excavator that cannot lock the open / close cover, the pattern switching valve can be operated even during operation. Therefore, for example, it is conceivable that the pattern switching valve is inadvertently switched during work, which may cause an operation error. Further, there is a problem that the pattern switching valve is damaged by the impact of hydraulic pressure generated at the time of switching.

  Moreover, since many hydraulic hoses are connected to the pattern switching valve, the pattern switching valve is large overall. For this reason, since the driver's seat base that accommodates the pattern switching valve is enlarged, there is a problem that the driver's seat base becomes an obstacle when getting on and off the driver's seat.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to control the operation of the pattern switching valve during operation even when the opening / closing cover does not have a locking function. The object is to provide a construction machine capable of improving the service life.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that can widen the entrance on the entrance side even when a pattern switching valve is provided, and can smoothly get on and off the driver's seat.

  A construction machine according to the present invention is provided with a self-propelled vehicle body, a working device provided on the front side of the vehicle body so as to be able to move up and down, a driver seat provided on the vehicle body and seated by an operator, and provided in the vicinity of the driver seat. An operating device that operates the working device, a control valve that is provided on the vehicle body and controls the working device according to an operation of the operating device, and is positioned between the control valve and the operating device. A pattern switching valve that switches a combination pattern of the operation pattern and the control valve, an opening position that is provided on the entrance / exit side of the vehicle body for getting on and off the driver's seat, and an interruption position that prohibits getting on and off the operator And a gate lock lever operated.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the switching valve housing in which the opening for operation for housing the pattern switching valve and switching the operation pattern is covered with an opening / closing cover. A case is provided, and the opening / closing cover of the switching valve housing case is configured to be opened only when the gate lock lever is operated to the open position.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the gate lock lever is mounted so that the base end side can be pivoted upward and downward to the side position of the driver's seat, and the distal end side which is a free end passes through the vicinity of the opening / closing cover Thus, the configuration extends to the position of the entrance / exit.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the switching valve housing case is provided with an inclined surface facing the boarding / exiting opening so as to secure a space when the operator performs the boarding / alighting operation.

A fourth aspect of the present invention, the front KiHiraki closed cover is to have a configuration in which the confirmation window for confirming the switching position of the pattern switching valve.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a switch that outputs a signal upon detecting that the gate lock lever is disposed at the open position, and invalidates the operation of the operating device when the switch outputs a detection signal. It is in that.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the pattern switching valve includes a valve body that switches a combination pattern and a switching lever that switches the valve body, and the switching lever is an opening for operating the switching valve housing case. It is that it was set as the structure arrange | positioned and extended toward.

  According to the invention of claim 1, the switching valve housing case can cover the pattern switching valve. Further, the switching valve housing case can switch the operation pattern of the pattern switching valve through the operation opening by opening the opening / closing cover. In addition, in order to operate the construction machine, in a state where the gate lock lever is operated to the shut-off position and entry / exit is prohibited, the opening of the opening / closing cover can be regulated by the gate lock lever at the shut-off position.

  As a result, even when the opening / closing cover does not have a locking function, the operation of the pattern switching valve can be restricted using the gate lock lever during operation. As a result, inadvertent switching of the pattern switching valve can be prevented, so that the reliability and safety of the construction machine can be improved, and the life of the equipment relating to the operation can be extended.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in a state where the gate lock lever is pivoted downward and disposed at the blocking position, the gate lock lever can be disposed in the vicinity of the opening / closing cover and is opened and closed by the gate lock lever. The opening of the cover can be restricted. Thereby, the opening / closing cover of the switching valve housing case can be locked using the existing gate lock lever.

  Further, in a state where the gate lock lever is pivoted upward and disposed at the open position, the gate lock lever can be separated from the opening / closing cover, and the opening / closing cover can be freely opened. Thereby, a pattern switching valve can be switched via the operation opening of a switching valve accommodation case.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the switching valve housing case is provided with the inclined surface facing the entrance / exit through which the operator gets on and off, a large space is ensured when the operator gets on and off. Can do. Thus, the operator can easily get on and off the driver's seat without being disturbed by the switching valve housing case.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the switching valve housing case is provided with the confirmation window for confirming the switching position of the pattern switching valve, the switching position of the pattern switching valve can be easily set through this confirmation window. Can be confirmed.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the gate lock lever is disposed at the open position, the switch detects the open position of the gate lock lever and outputs a signal, so that the operation of the operating device is invalidated based on this detection signal. Can be. As a result, the pattern switching valve can be switched accurately in a short time without worrying about the operating device.

  According to the invention of claim 6, since the switching lever of the pattern switching valve is arranged to extend toward the operation opening of the switching valve housing case, the switching lever of the pattern switching valve can be easily operated through the operation opening. Can be operated.

  Hereinafter, as a typical example of the construction machine according to the embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic excavator will be described as an example, and a detailed description will be given according to FIGS. 1 to 10.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cab specification hydraulic excavator as a construction machine applied to the present embodiment. The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a self-propelled lower traveling body 2, and an upper revolving body 4 that is mounted on the lower traveling body 2 via a turning device 3 and that forms a vehicle body together with the lower traveling body 2. The working device 5 is configured to be movable up and down on the front side of the upper swing body 4.

  Further, the working device 5 includes a boom 5A attached to the front side of a revolving frame 6 to be described later so as to be swingable and capable of moving up and down, an arm 5B attached to the tip of the boom 5A so as to be able to move up and down, A bucket 5C rotatably attached to the tip of 5B, a boom cylinder 5D that moves up and down the boom 5A, an arm cylinder 5E that moves up and down the arm 5B, and a bucket cylinder 5F that rotates the bucket 5C It is roughly composed of

  Here, the upper swing body 4 rotates on the lower traveling body 2 by driving the swing motor 3 </ b> A of the swing device 3. The upper swing body 4 includes a swing frame 6, an engine 7, a main pump 8, a pilot pump 9, a hydraulic oil tank 10, a driver seat 14, operation lever devices 15 and 21, a gate lock lever 20, a control valve 25, The pattern switching valve 27, the switching valve housing case 28, and the like are roughly configured.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes a turning frame of the upper turning body 4. The swivel frame 6 is formed as a support structure attached to the lower traveling body 2 via the swivel device 3. In addition, the working device 5 is attached to the front side of the revolving frame 6 so as to be swingable and capable of moving up and down.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an engine (illustrated by a dotted line in FIG. 1) mounted on the rear side of the revolving frame 6, and the engine 7 is disposed in a horizontally placed state extending in the left and right directions, for example. Further, on the right side of the engine 7, a radiator, an oil cooler, and the like (all not shown) are disposed.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a main pump attached to the left side of the engine 7, and the main pump 8 discharges pressure oil supplied to actuators provided in the lower traveling body 2, the turning device 3, the work device 5, and the like. A pilot pump 9 is driven by the engine 7 together with the main pump 8. The pilot pump 9 discharges pilot pressure for switching a control valve 25 described later toward the control valve 25 via operation lever devices 15 and 21. Reference numeral 10 denotes a hydraulic oil tank (shown by a symbol in FIG. 10) provided on the revolving frame 6.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a floor member provided on the left front side of the revolving frame 6. The front side of the floor member 11 is a floor body 11A that serves as a place for an operator who sits on a driver's seat 14 described later. Further, the rear side of the floor member 11 is a step-like driver's seat base 11B that rises vertically, and a driver's seat 14 is provided on the driver's seat base 11B. Further, a mounting bracket 11C is provided on the left side of the driver seat base 11B (to be described later on the entrance 13), and a left operation lever device 15 described later is provided on the mounting bracket 11C. (See FIG. 3). Further, a pattern switching valve 27 described later is mounted below the mounting bracket 11C as shown in FIG. 7 and the like, and a switching valve housing case 28 is provided so as to cover the pattern switching valve 27.

  Reference numeral 12 denotes a cab provided on the floor member 11 located on the left front side of the revolving frame 6. The cab 12 is formed in a box shape that covers a driver's seat 14 and the like described later, and a door 12A (shown in FIG. 1) that can be opened and closed is provided on the left side surface thereof. And the cab 12 forms the entrance 13 for getting in and out of the floor main body 11A of the floor member 11 and getting on and off the driver's seat 14 by opening the door 12A. Here, a rear portion of a switching valve housing case 28, which will be described later, overhangs at the rear portion of the entrance / exit 13, but the chamfered inclined surface 29C can smoothly move without contacting the switching valve housing case 28. You can go in and out.

  Reference numeral 14 denotes a driver seat provided on the upper swing body 4, and the driver seat 14 is mounted on a driver seat base 11 </ b> B of the floor member 11. The driver seat 14 is seated by an operator who operates the excavator 1. Further, on the left and right sides of the driver's seat 14, operation lever devices 15 and 21 to be described later for operating the turning device 3 and the work device 5 are arranged.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a left operation lever device provided on the left side of the driver's seat 14. The left operating lever device 15 is mounted on the mounting bracket 11 </ b> C of the floor member 11. The left operation lever device 15 is roughly constituted by a mounting base 16, a console 17, an operation lever 18 and the like which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a mounting base for supporting the left operation lever device 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the mounting base 16 is fixedly attached to the left end of the driver seat base 11 </ b> B of the floor member 11 and extends upward. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a console 17 and a gate lock lever 20 described later are attached to the mounting base 16.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a console provided on the upper side of the mounting base 16. The console 17 is arranged on the side of an operator who sits on the driver's seat 14 with an operation lever 18, a switch, a display (not shown), etc., which will be described later. It is. The console 17 is roughly configured by a console frame 17A serving as a framework and a box-shaped cover 17B that covers the console frame 17A.

  Here, the console frame 17 </ b> A is formed in a frame shape extending in the front and rear directions, and the rear side thereof is pivotally supported with respect to the mounting base 16. Thereby, the console frame 17A can be rotated upward and downward on the front side. An operation lever 18 is attached to the front side of the console frame 17A.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes an operation lever attached to the console frame 17A front side of the console 17. The operation lever 18 is roughly constituted by a pressure reducing valve type pilot valve 18A and a lever main body 18B which is provided so as to be tiltable forward, rearward, leftward and rightward and which operates the pilot valve 18A. Further, the pilot valve 18A is connected to the control valves 25A to 25D via pilot pipe lines 19A to 19D. The operation lever 18 operates the turning device 3 and the work device 5 by tilting the lever main body 18B in a state where a gate lock lever 20 described later is disposed at the blocking position.

  Reference numeral 20 denotes a gate lock lever provided in the left operation lever device 15. The gate lock lever 20 extends from the left operation lever device 15 toward the front side, and is rotated upward and downward between the blocking position shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 and the open position shown in FIGS. 4 and 8. Is. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the gate lock lever 20 has a rotating plate 20A provided between the mounting base 16 and the console frame 17A of the console 17, and a base end side attached to the rotating plate 20A. The front end side is configured by a lever portion 20B that extends toward the front entrance to the position of the entrance 13 and becomes a free end. Further, the lever portion 20B passes through the vicinity of the upper side of the opening / closing cover 29 of the switching valve housing case 28 described later, and can be fixed in a state in which the opening / closing cover 29 is closed when pushed down.

  Here, the rotation plate 20A links the rotation operation of the gate lock lever 20 and the rotation operation of the left operation lever device 15. That is, the rotating plate 20A engages the console frame 17A when the lever portion 20B is pushed down, thereby fixing the gate lock lever 20 in the blocking position and performing the operation of the left operating lever device 15. It can be fixed at a substantially horizontal position. Moreover, in the state which has arrange | positioned the gate lock lever 20 in the interruption | blocking position, the lever part 20B can be arrange | positioned in the position which obstruct | occludes the entrance / exit 13, and an operator's boarding / alighting can be controlled.

  On the other hand, when the lever 20B is lifted by releasing the engagement with the console frame 17A, the rotary plate 20A fixes the gate lock lever 20 in the open position and prevents the operation by the left operation lever device 15. Can be fixed in the upright position.

  Further, the gate lock lever 20 is provided with an abutting portion 20C located below the rotating plate 20A. The abutting portion 20C abuts on a gate lock switch 34, which will be described later, and turns the gate lock switch 34 on and off.

  Accordingly, the gate lock lever 20 is disposed at a position where the entrance / exit 13 of the cab 12 is blocked by rotating the lever portion 20B to the blocking position shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, and passes through the entrance / exit 13. It is prohibited to take a seat on the driver's seat 14. When the gate lock lever 20 is disposed at the shut-off position, the pilot pressure shut-off valve 33 is switched to the switching position (A) by a gate lock switch 34 described later, and the operation of the left and right control lever devices 15 and 21 is made effective. can do.

  On the other hand, the gate lock lever 20 grasps the tip end side of the lever portion 20B and lifts it upward, and in the state where the gate lock lever 20 is disposed at the open position shown in FIGS. Allow to sit down. When the gate lock lever 20 is disposed at the open position, the gate pressure switch 33 is switched to the switching position (B) by the gate lock switch 34 to invalidate the operation of the left and right operation lever devices 15 and 21. Can do. Thereby, even when it contacts the operation lever 18 etc. accidentally when getting on and off the driver's seat 14, it can prevent that the working apparatus 4 grade | etc., Malfunctions.

  Reference numeral 21 denotes a right operation lever device fixedly provided on the right side of the driver's seat 14. The right operation lever device 21 is mounted on the driver seat base 11 </ b> B of the floor member 11. The right operation lever device 21 has an operation lever 23 on the front side of the console 22. As shown in FIG. 10, the operation lever 23 includes a pilot valve 23A and a lever main body 23B. The pilot valve 23A is connected to the control valves 25A to 25D via pilot conduits 24A to 24D. Yes. The right operating lever device 21 operates the turning device 3 and the working device 5 by tilting the lever main body 23B of the operating lever 23.

  Next, a drive circuit of the hydraulic excavator 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 25 denotes a control valve mounted on the swing frame 6. The control valve 25 is formed by a plurality of hydraulic pilot type spool valves each having a hydraulic pilot section that is driven in accordance with the operation of the left and right operation lever devices 15 and 21.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 10, the control valve 25 includes a swing control valve 25A for controlling the swing motor 3A of the swing device 3, an arm control valve 25B for controlling the arm cylinder 5E of the work device 5, and a boom cylinder 5D. A boom control valve 25C to be controlled and a bucket control valve 25D to control the bucket cylinder 5F are configured. The control valve 25 is connected to the main pump 8 via the main pipeline 26, and the pilot pipelines 19A to 19D and 24A to 24D from the operation lever devices 15 and 21 are connected to the hydraulic pilot sections. ing.

  Reference numeral 27 denotes a pattern switching valve mounted on the lower side of the mounting bracket 11C located on the left side of the floor member 11. The pattern switching valve 27 has a combination of a plurality of operation patterns so as to be selectively switched to an operation pattern that is easy for an operator to operate. Here, the pattern switching valve 27 corresponds to the operating direction of the left operating lever device 15 and the right operating lever device 21, and the boom cylinder 5D, the arm cylinder 5E, the bucket cylinder 5F of the working device 5, and the swing motor 3A of the swing device 3. The combination of the operation patterns of the actuators is switched.

  The pattern switching valve 27 is roughly constituted by a valve body 27A having a built-in direction switching valve (not shown) and a switching lever 27B for operating the direction switching valve in the valve body 27A. Further, the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27 is provided on the front side where the operation opening 28E is provided so that the pattern switching operation can be performed from the operation opening 28E provided on the front side of the switching valve housing case 28 described later. It is arranged and extends toward the operation opening 28E.

  Next, the configuration of the switching valve housing case 28, the opening / closing cover 29, etc. provided in the cab 12 for housing the pattern switching valve 27 will be described.

  Reference numeral 28 denotes a switching valve housing case for housing the pattern switching valve 27. The switching valve housing case 28 is provided on the left side of the driver seat base 11B of the floor member 11 on the entrance 13 side. The switching valve housing case 28 extends upward and downward so as to be continuous with the front surface of the driver seat base 11B of the floor member 11 and covers the front side of the pattern switching valve 27 as shown in FIGS. 28A, a side surface 28B covering the left side of the pattern switching valve 27, and an upper surface 28C covering the upper side constitute a substantially box-shaped hollow member.

  In addition, the switching valve housing case 28 is formed with an inclined surface 28D so as to chamfer the corners of the front surface 28A and the side surface 28B. As will be described later, the inclined surface 28D is disposed so as to face the entrance / exit 13 so that a wide space can be provided when the operator gets in / out through the entrance / exit 13.

  Further, the switching valve housing case 28 has an operation opening 28E extending from the upper side of the front surface 28A to the front side of the upper surface 28C. The operation opening 28E is an opening for switching the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27, and is formed at a position corresponding to the switching lever 27B. The operation opening 28E is normally closed by an opening / closing cover 29 described later.

  Reference numeral 29 denotes an opening / closing cover constituting a part of the switching valve housing case 28. The opening / closing cover 29 closes the operation opening 28 </ b> E of the switching valve housing case 28 so as to be openable and closable, and is provided on the upper front side of the switching valve housing case 28. The open / close cover 29 is formed as a deformed lid body by the front surface 29A, the upper surface 29B, and the inclined surface 29C so as to follow the outer shape of the switching valve housing case 28. The opening / closing cover 29 is attached to the upper surface 28C of the switching valve housing case 28 so that the rear portion of the upper surface 29B can be rotated upward and downward using a hinge 30.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 6, the opening / closing cover 29 is close to the upper surface 29 </ b> B when the lever portion 20 </ b> B of the gate lock lever 20 is pushed down and disposed at the blocking position. In this state, the opening / closing cover 29 cannot be opened. Thereby, the switching operation of the pattern switching valve 27 when the hydraulic excavator 1 is operating can be restricted.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, when the lever portion 20 </ b> B of the gate lock lever 20 is pulled up and disposed at the open position, the console 17 and the gate lock lever 20 are greatly separated from the upper surface 29 </ b> B of the opening / closing cover 29. Therefore, in this state, the opening / closing cover 29 can be opened. In this state, since the operation of the operation lever devices 15 and 21 is disabled, the switching operation of the pattern switching valve 27 can be permitted.

  Next, the inclined surfaces 28D and 29C formed on the switching valve housing case 28 and the opening / closing cover 29 will be described. The inclined surfaces 28D and 29C are inclined from the driver's seat 14 side toward the entrance / exit 13 so that the entrance of the entrance / exit 13 is widened to the rear side. Specifically, it is formed as a substantially vertical flat surface inclined rearward at an angle of about 30 to 70 degrees with respect to the front surface of the driver seat base 11B extending in the left and right directions. Thereby, even if the pattern switching valve 27 requiring a large storage space is accommodated in the switching valve accommodating case 28 and the switching valve accommodating case 28 is enlarged, the inclined surfaces 28D and 29C are used when the operator gets on and off. Therefore, the operator can easily get on and off the driver's seat 14 without being obstructed by the switching valve housing case 28.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes a confirmation window provided on the inclined surface 29C of the opening / closing cover 29 constituting the switching valve housing case 28. As shown in FIG. 6 and the like, the confirmation window 31 is an opening for confirming the switching position of the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27, and is closed by a transparent plate material, for example. Here, since the confirmation window 31 is provided on the inclined surface 29 </ b> C of the opening / closing cover 29, the confirmation window 31 faces the operator who tries to get in from the entrance 13. As a result, the operator can easily confirm the switching state of the switching lever 27B in a natural posture without getting bent or looking into it in an unreasonable posture when getting in from the entrance 13.

  Next, referring to FIG. 10, the configuration of the gate lock circuit for enabling / disabling the operation of the operation levers 18 and 23 of the left and right operation lever devices 15 and 21 according to the operation of the gate lock lever 20. explain.

  Reference numeral 32A denotes a supply-side hydraulic pipe for supplying pilot pressure oil from the pilot pump 9 to the pilot valves 18A and 23A of the operation levers 18 and 23, as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 32B denotes a return side hydraulic pipe for returning the pressure oil from the pilot valves 18A, 23A of the operation levers 18, 23 to the hydraulic oil tank 10.

  Reference numeral 33 denotes a pilot pressure cutoff valve. The pilot pressure cutoff valve 33 is located between the pilot pump 9 and the pilot valves 18A and 23A of the operation levers 18 and 23, and is provided in the middle of the supply-side hydraulic line 32A. The pilot pressure shut-off valve 33 is electrically connected to a gate lock switch 34, which will be described later, and a switching position (A) for supplying pilot pressure to the operation levers 18 and 23 and switching for shutting off the pilot pressure. It can be switched to position (B).

  Reference numeral 34 denotes a gate lock switch for operating the pilot pressure cutoff valve 33. The gate lock switch 34 is attached to the mount 16 of the left operating lever device 15. The gate lock switch 34 outputs a signal for switching the pilot pressure cutoff valve 33 when the contact portion 20C of the gate lock lever 20 contacts and separates.

  That is, the gate lock switch 34 detects the shut-off position when the abutment portion 20C comes into contact with the shut-off position of the gate lock lever 20, and outputs this detection signal, whereby the operation lever device 15 is operated from the pilot pump 9. , 21 and the like so that the swivel device 3 and the work device 5 can be operated effectively.

  On the other hand, the gate lock switch 34 detects the opening position when the contact portion 20C is separated at the opening position of the gate lock lever 20, and outputs the detection signal to cut off the pilot pressure from the pilot pump 9. The operation of the operation lever devices 15, 21 and the like is invalidated.

  Reference numeral 35 denotes left and right traveling levers / pedals provided on the front side of the floor main body 11A of the floor member 11. The travel lever / pedal 35 is used to travel the lower traveling body 2.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation of the hydraulic excavator 1 will be described.

  First, the operator opens the door 12 </ b> A of the cab 12 and gets on the floor main body 11 </ b> A of the floor member 11 from the entrance 13. At this time, by visually observing the position of the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27 through the confirmation window 31 of the opening / closing cover 29 disposed on the rear side of the entrance / exit 13, the left and right operating lever devices 15, 21 are observed. It is possible to confirm whether or not the operation pattern is suitable for one's preference. At this time, since the confirmation window 31 is provided on the inclined surface 29C of the open / close cover 29 facing the operator standing outside the entrance 13, the switching state can be easily confirmed in a natural posture. .

  Further, when the operation pattern of the operation lever devices 15 and 21 does not match his / her preference, the operation pattern can be changed by opening the opening / closing cover 29 and rotating the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27. You can adjust it to your liking. At this time, since the gate lock lever 20 has been raised to the opening position so as to get off the previous time, the opening / closing cover 29 can be easily opened without using an engine key or the like, and the switching operation can be easily performed. it can.

  Further, when the operator gets in from the entrance / exit 13, the front side of the switching valve housing case 28 and the opening / closing cover 29 protrudes toward the entrance / exit 13, and the switching valve housing case 28, the opening / closing cover 29 has an inclined surface 28 </ b> D, 29C widens the entrance on the entrance 13 side. Thus, the operator can easily get in without being disturbed by the switching valve housing case 28 or the like.

  Then, the operator seated on the driver's seat 14 pushes down the gate lock lever 20 and places it in the blocking position, and fixes the left operation lever device 15 at a position where the operation can be made almost horizontal. In this state, the operator can drive the lower traveling body 2 by operating the traveling lever / pedal 35. Further, by operating the operating levers 18 and 23 of the left and right operating lever devices 15 and 21, the upper swing body 4 is swung by the swiveling device 3, and earth and sand excavation work is performed by the work device 5. Can do.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the switching valve housing case 28 that houses the pattern switching valve 27 is provided, and the switching valve housing case 28 has the operation opening 28E for operating the switching lever 27B. An opening / closing cover 29 that can be opened and closed is provided in the operation opening 28E. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, when the gate lock lever 20 is pushed down and disposed at the blocking position, the gate lock lever 20 restricts the opening of the opening / closing cover 29.

  Therefore, the switching valve housing case 28 and the like can cover the pattern switching valve 27. As shown in FIG. 8, when the opening / closing cover 29 of the switching valve housing case 28 is opened, the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27 can be switched through the operation opening 28E. In addition, in order to operate the hydraulic excavator 1, in the state where the gate lock lever 20 is lowered to the shut-off position and boarding / exiting is prohibited, the gate lock lever 20 at the shut-off position can restrict the opening of the opening / closing cover 29.

  As a result, even when the opening / closing cover 29 of the switching valve housing case 28 does not have a locking function, the operation of the pattern switching valve 27 can be restricted using the gate lock lever 20 during operation. As a result, inadvertent switching of the pattern switching valve 27 can be prevented, so that the reliability and safety of the hydraulic excavator can be improved, and damage to the operation levers 18, 23, etc. can be prevented and the life can be extended. Moreover, since the locking device can be omitted, the productivity of the hydraulic excavator 1 can be increased, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Further, since the switching valve accommodating case 28 and the opening / closing cover 29 are provided with inclined surfaces 28D and 29C facing the entrance 13, the switching valve accommodating case 28 and the opening / closing cover 29 are provided to accommodate the pattern switching valve 27. Even when the size of the entrance / exit is increased, the entrance of the entrance / exit 13 can be widely formed on the rear side by the inclined surfaces 28D and 29C. Thus, the operator can easily get on and off the driver's seat 14 through the entrance 13 without being obstructed by the switching valve housing case 28 or the like.

  Further, a confirmation window 31 for confirming the position of the switching lever 27B of the pattern switching valve 27 is provided on the inclined surface 29C of the opening / closing cover 29 constituting the switching valve housing case 28. Through this, the switching position of the pattern switching valve 27 can be easily confirmed. Moreover, since the confirmation window 31 is provided on the inclined surface 29C of the opening / closing cover 29, the confirmation window 31 is directed toward the operator trying to get in from the entrance / exit 13. As a result, the operator can easily confirm the switching state of the pattern switching valve 27 in a natural posture when getting in from the entrance 13.

  On the other hand, the opening / closing cover 29 of the switching valve housing case 28 is configured to open and close upward and downward by a hinge 30, and the gate lock lever 20 in the shut-off position is disposed close to the upper side of the closed opening / closing cover 29. Thus, the opening / closing cover 29 is fixed (locked) in a closed state, and the switching operation of the pattern switching valve 27 is restricted. Thereby, the opening / closing cover 29 of the switching valve housing case 28 can be locked using the existing gate lock lever 20 only by arranging the opening / closing cover 29 below the gate lock lever 20.

  Further, when the gate lock lever 20 is rotated to the open position in order to switch the pattern switching valve 27, the operation of the operation lever devices 15 and 21 is invalidated by the functions of the gate lock switch 34 and the pilot pressure cutoff valve 33. be able to. As a result, the switching operation of the pattern switching valve 27 can be performed accurately in a short time without worrying about the operating lever devices 15 and 21.

  In the embodiment, the gate lock lever 20 is described as an example in which the gate lock lever 20 is rotatably attached to the mounting base 16 together with the console 17 so as to be interlocked with the console 17 of the left operation lever device 15. Explained. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as in the modification shown in FIG. 11, for example, a left operation lever device 15 'and a gate lock lever 20' are provided separately, and only the gate lock lever 20 'is provided alone. It is good also as a structure rotated to an up and down direction. The operation lever device may be provided on the front side of the driver's seat.

  In the embodiment, the inclined surfaces 28D and 29C of the switching valve housing case 28 and the opening / closing cover 29 are formed as flat surfaces inclined rearward at an angle of about 30 to 70 degrees with respect to the front surface of the driver seat base 11B. The case is shown as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an inclined surface of the switching valve housing case or the like may be curved in an arc shape, or may be inclined in a step shape.

  Further, in the embodiment, the case where the gate lock lever 20 of the type that rotates in the upward and downward directions is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, slides forward and backward. A gate lock lever of the type to be operated may be provided.

  On the other hand, in the embodiment, the confirmation window 31 is provided in the opening / closing cover 29, but the confirmation window 31 may be provided in the switching valve housing case 28. For example, when the opening / closing cover 29 is formed using a transparent material, the confirmation window can be omitted.

  In the embodiment, the cab specification hydraulic excavator 1 in which the driver's seat 14 and the like are covered with the box-shaped cab 12 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention may be applied to a canopy-type hydraulic excavator in which a driver's seat is covered with a canopy.

  Further, in the embodiment, the hydraulic excavator 1 including the crawler type lower traveling body 2 is described as an example of the construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a hydraulic excavator provided with a wheel-type lower traveling body. Besides, it can be widely applied to other construction machines such as hydraulic cranes.

1 is a front view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an external appearance perspective view which expands and shows a floor member, a cab, a driver's seat, an operation lever device, a switching valve accommodation case, and the like. It is a front view of the principal part expansion which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the gate lock lever in the interruption | blocking position with a floor member, a driver's seat, an operation lever apparatus, a switching valve accommodating case, an opening / closing cover, etc. It is the front view of the principal part expansion which looked at the state which has arrange | positioned the gate lock lever in the open position, and opened the opening-and-closing cover from the same position as FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view which expands and shows the left operation lever apparatus from the driver's seat side (right side). It is a perspective view of the principal part expansion which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the gate lock lever in the interruption | blocking position, and locked the opening / closing cover. It is a perspective view of the principal part expansion which shows a left operation lever apparatus, a gate lock lever, a pattern switching valve, etc. It is a perspective view of the principal part expansion which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the gate lock lever in the open position, and opened the opening-and-closing cover. It is a disassembled perspective view in the state which decomposed | disassembled the switching valve accommodation case, the opening-and-closing cover, and the hinge. FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a configuration of a drive circuit and a gate lock circuit of a hydraulic excavator operated by left and right operation lever devices. It is a front view of the principal part expansion which shows the gate lock lever by the modification of this invention with a floor member, a driver's seat, an operation lever apparatus, a switching valve accommodation case, etc.

Explanation of symbols

1 Excavator (construction machine)
2 Lower traveling body (car body)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Turning apparatus 3A Turning motor 4 Upper turning body 5 Working apparatus 5A Boom 5B Arm 5C Bucket 5D Boom cylinder 5E Arm cylinder 5F Bucket cylinder 6 Turning frame 7 Engine 8 Main pump 9 Pilot pump 11 Floor member 12 Cab 13 Entrance / exit 14 Driving seat 15, 15 'Left operation lever device 18, 23 Operation lever 20, 20' Gate lock lever 21 Right operation lever device 25 Control valve 27 Pattern switching valve 28 Switching valve housing case 28A, 29A Front surface 28B Side surface 28C, 29B Upper surface 28D, 29C Inclined surface 28E Opening for operation 29 Opening / closing cover 30 Hinge 31 Confirmation window 33 Pilot pressure shut-off valve 34 Gate lock switch

Claims (6)

A self-propelled vehicle body, a work device provided on the front side of the vehicle body so as to be able to move up and down, a driver seat provided on the vehicle body and seated by an operator, and provided near the driver seat for operating the work device An operating device, a control valve provided on the vehicle body for controlling the working device according to an operation of the operating device, an operation pattern of the operating device and the control valve located between the control valve and the operating device, A pattern switching valve for switching the combination pattern, and a gate lock which is provided on the entrance / exit side of the vehicle body for getting on and off the driver's seat and is operated between an opening position for allowing an operator to get on and off and a blocking position for prohibiting getting on and off In a construction machine comprising a lever,
A switching valve housing case is provided in which an opening for operation for housing the pattern switching valve and switching an operation pattern is covered with an opening / closing cover, and the opening / closing cover of the switching valve housing case operates the gate lock lever to the open position. Construction machine characterized in that it can be opened only in   The gate lock lever has a base end side mounted on a side position of the driver's seat so as to be rotatable upward and downward, and a distal end side serving as a free end is located near the opening / closing cover through the position of the entrance / exit The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine is configured to extend to a distance.   The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the switching valve housing case is provided with an inclined surface facing the boarding / exiting opening in order to secure a space when the operator performs the boarding / exiting operation. The front KiHiraki closed cover, the construction machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3 comprising a configuration in which the confirmation window for confirming the switching position of the pattern switching valve.   A switch for detecting that the gate lock lever is disposed at the open position and outputting a signal is provided, and when the switch outputs a detection signal, the operation of the operating device is invalidated. , 3 or 4 construction machine.   The pattern switching valve includes a valve body that switches a combination pattern and a switching lever that switches the valve body, and the switching lever extends toward an operation opening of the switching valve housing case. The construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

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