JP4740111B2 - 集光性多発色団を用いてポリヌクレオチド結合タンパク質相互作用を検出及び分析するための方法並びに組成物 - Google Patents
集光性多発色団を用いてポリヌクレオチド結合タンパク質相互作用を検出及び分析するための方法並びに組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
- C12Q1/6818—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means involving interaction of two or more labels, e.g. resonant energy transfer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
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Description
本発明に至るまでの研究は、米国国立衛生研究所から付与された助成金番号GM62958−01、米国国立科学財団から付与された助成金番号DMR−0097611及び米国海軍研究事務所から付与された助成金番号N00014−1−1−0239の下で実施した。米国政府は本発明に関して一定限度の権利を持つものとする。
本発明を説明するにあたって次の用語を使用するが、これらは以下の通りに定義されるものとする。
ach et al. (1992) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114:3675-3683及びSwitzer et al. 上掲、に記載されたものが知られている。
標的ポリヌクレオチドを含んでいるか又は含んでいることが疑われるサンプルの一部は、直接的又は間接的に生物(例えば細胞、組織又は体液)から取得できるポリヌクレオチド、並びに生物が残した物(例えばウイルス、マイコプラズマ及び化石)から取得できるポリヌクレオチド、を含む生体材料のうちのいずれかをその供給源とすることができる。サンプルは、その全部又は一部を合成手段により調製した標的ポリヌクレオチドを含んでいてもよい。典型的には、サンプルは、主に水性の媒体として取得するか、又は該媒体中に分散させる。サンプルの非限定的な例としては、血液、尿、精液、乳、痰、粘液、口腔内の採取物、膣内の採取物、直腸内の採取物、吸引物、針生検、例えば外科手術又は検視解剖により得られた組織切片、血漿、血清、髄液、リンパ液、皮膚、気道、腸管、及び尿生殖路の外分泌物、涙、唾液、腫瘍、器官、in vitro細胞培養成分のサンプル(細胞培養培地における細胞増殖の結果得られた条件培地、ウイルスに感染したと推定される細胞、組換え細胞、及び細胞成分を含むがこれらに限定されない)、並びにポリヌクレオチド配列を含む組換えライブラリが挙げられる。
標的ポリヌクレオチドは1本鎖、2本鎖、又はより高次のものであってよく、直鎖状又は環状であってもよい。1本鎖標的ポリヌクレオチドの例としては、mRNA、rRNA、tRNA、hnRNA、ssRNA又はssDNAウイルスゲノムが挙げられるが、これらのポリヌクレオチドは内部に相補配列及び重要な二次構造を含有していてもよい。2本鎖標的ポリヌクレオチドの例としては、ゲノムDNA、ミトコンドリアDNA、葉緑体DNA、dsRNA又はdsDNAウイルスゲノム、プラスミド、ファージ、及びウイロイドが挙げられる。標的ポリヌクレオチドは合成により調製することができるし、又は生物源から精製することができる。標的ポリヌクレオチドを精製することにより、サンプルの1つ以上の望ましくない成分を取り除くか若しくは減らしてもよいし、又は該標的ポリヌクレオチドを濃縮してもよい。逆に、標的ポリヌクレオチドが特定のアッセイにとって濃縮されすぎている場合には、該標的ポリヌクレオチドを希釈してもよい。
集光性多発色団系は、それらが多数の発色団を含むという理由で効率的な光吸収材であることが証明されている。具体例としては、限定するものではないが、共役ポリマー、共役分子の集合体、飽和ポリマーに側鎖を介して付加された発光色素、半導体量子ドット及び樹状構造が挙げられる。例えば、共役ポリマー上の各繰り返し単位は発色団の1つと考えることができるし、量子ドットは多くの原子で構成されており、飽和ポリマーはその側鎖上の多くの発光色素分子により機能化しうるし、また多くの共有結合した個々の発色団を含有するデンドリマーを合成することができる。ポリマービーズ又は表面などの固形支持体上への発色団集合体の付加を、集光目的で利用することもできる。
アッセイしようとする標的ポリヌクレオチドに結合するセンサPBPを提供する。シグナル伝達発色団をセンサPBPに付加するための化学的手法は当技術分野で周知である。発色団に共役させた構造を含む特定のセンサPBP構造は、商業的供給源を利用して特注するか、又は化学的に合成することができる。
本明細書中に記載した本発明に有用な発色団としては、適切な溶液中の励起されたポリカチオン多発色団からのエネルギーを受容し、かつ発光しうる全ての物質が挙げられる。マルチプレックス式アッセイの場合、検出可能な程度に異なる発光スペクトルを有する複数の異なるシグナル伝達発色団を使用することができる。発色団は、発光団であっても、又は蛍光団であってもよい。典型的な蛍光団としては、蛍光色素、半導体ナノ結晶、ランタニド・キレート、及び緑色蛍光タンパク質が挙げられる。
基板上で実施するアッセイの変形について、基板は、多様な材料、生物学的材料、非生物学的材料、有機材料、無機材料、又はこれらのいずれかの組み合わせを含みうる。例えば、基板は、重合したラングミュアー・ブロジェット膜、機能性ガラス、Si、Ge、GaAs、GaP、SiO2、SiN4、修飾シリコン、又は多種多様なゲル若しくはポリマー((ポリ)テトラフルオロエチレン、(ポリ)ビニリデンジフルオリド、ポリスチレン、架橋ポリスチレン、ポリアクリル酸、ポリ乳酸、ポリグリコール酸、ポリ(ラクチドコグリコリド)、ポリ酸無水物、ポリ(メチルメタクリラート)、ポリ(エチレン−コ−ビニルアセタート)、ポリシロキサン、高分子シリカ、ラテックス、デキストランポリマー、エポキシ樹脂、ポリカーボネート、若しくはそれらの組み合わせ)のうちのいずれか1つであってよい。導電性ポリマー及び光伝導性材料を使用することができる。
ポリカチオン多発色団を励起することが可能であって、かつ検出しようとする発光波長よりも短い波長を提供する道具は、いずれも励起のために使用することができる。好ましくは、励起源はシグナル伝達発色団を直接的には有意に励起しない。励起源は、適切なフィルタを備えた重水素ランプなどの広帯域UV光源、キセノンランプ又は重水素ランプなどの白色光源が所望の波長を取り出すための単色光分光器を通過した後の出力、持続波(cw)気体レーザー、固体ダイオードレーザー、又はいずれかのパルスレーザーであってもよい。シグナル伝達発色団からの発光はいずれかの適切な装置又は技術を介して検出することが可能であり、多くの適切なアプローチが当分野で公知である。例えば、蛍光光度計又は分光光度計を使用することにより、多発色団を励起した場合に試験サンプルがシグナル伝達発色団に特徴的な波長の光を放出するか否かを検出してもよい。
本発明の方法を実施する際に有用な試薬を含むキットもまた提供する。ある実施形態では、キットには、対象の標的ポリヌクレオチドと結合するセンサPBPとポリカチオン多発色団が含まれている。センサPBPはシグナル伝達発色団と共役している。サンプル中に標的ポリヌクレオチドが存在する場合、センサPBPは該標的と結合する際に多発色団に近接し、これはポリカチオン多発色団と静電的に会合する。
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Claims (25)
- アッセイ方法であって、以下:
標的ポリヌクレオチドの含有が疑われるサンプルを提供するステップ、
標的ポリヌクレオチドと相互作用し、かつ励起されるとエネルギーをシグナル伝達発色団へ移動する能力のあるポリカチオン多発色団を提供するステップ、
前記標的ポリヌクレオチドと結合可能なセンサポリヌクレオチド結合タンパク質(PBP)であって、前記シグナル伝達発色団と共役されている、該PBPを提供するステップ、
前記標的ポリヌクレオチドが存在する場合にはこれに前記センサPBPが結合しうる条件下で、前記サンプルを溶液中で前記センサPBP及び前記多発色団と接触させるステップ、
前記溶液に、前記多発色団を励起しうる光源を当てるステップ、及び
前記シグナル伝達発色団から光が放出されるか否かを検出するステップ、
を含み、前記ポリカチオン多発色団が共役ポリマーである、上記アッセイ方法。 - 前記サンプルを、約1:1の電荷比で前記センサPBP及び多発色団と接触させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルを、前記センサPBPと前記多発色団との間の疎水性相互作用を低下させるのに十分な量の有機溶媒の存在下で、前記センサPBP及び前記多発色団と接触させる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルを、対応する異なるシグナル伝達発色団を含む複数の異なるセンサPBPと接触させるが、ただしそれらの異なるセンサPBPは各々が対応する異なる標的ポリヌクレオチドに選択的に結合できるものとする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記発色団が蛍光団である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光団が、半導体ナノ結晶、蛍光色素、及びランタニド・キレートから選択される、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光団が半導体ナノ結晶である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光団が蛍光色素である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光色素がフルオレセインである、請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光団がランタニド・キレートである、請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記標的ポリヌクレオチドがDNAである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記標的ポリヌクレオチドがRNAである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルが1本鎖の標的ポリヌクレオチドを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記サンプルが2本鎖の標的ポリヌクレオチドを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記標的ポリヌクレオチドが増幅反応により提供される、請求項1記載の方法。
- シグナル伝達発色団に付加された、標的ポリヌクレオチドに結合するセンサポリヌクレオチド結合タンパク質(PBP)、及び
該標的ポリヌクレオチドと静電的に相互作用可能であり、かつセンサPBPと標的ポリヌクレオチドの結合時において、シグナル伝達発色団に接近した場合に励起されるとエネルギーを該シグナル伝達発色団へ移動することができるポリカチオン多発色団、
を含み、前記ポリカチオン多発色団が共役ポリマーである、ポリヌクレオチド検出溶液。 - 標的ポリヌクレオチドに結合可能なセンサPBP、
標的ポリヌクレオチドと静電的に相互作用可能であり、かつセンサPBPと標的ポリヌクレオチドとの結合時において、シグナル伝達発色団に接近した場合に励起されるとエネルギーを該シグナル伝達発色団へ移動することができるポリカチオン多発色団、
センサPBP及び多発色団を保持するためのハウジング、並びに
標的ポリヌクレオチドについてサンプルをアッセイするためにキット成分を使用する方法を説明する、上記ハウジングに提供される説明書、
を含み、前記ポリカチオン多発色団が共役ポリマーである、サンプルを標的ポリヌクレオチドについてアッセイするためのキット。 - 前記シグナル伝達発色団から放出された閾値を上回る光が、前記サンプル中に前記標的ポリヌクレオチドが存在することを示唆する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記シグナル伝達発色団から放出された光の量を定量し、これを利用して前記サンプル中の前記標的ポリヌクレオチドの量を決定する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光団が緑色蛍光タンパク質である、請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記標的ポリヌクレオチドを増幅しない、請求項1記載の方法。
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ATE448327T1 (de) | 2009-11-15 |
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CN1771335A (zh) | 2006-05-10 |
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CA2515155C (en) | 2013-11-19 |
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EP2161343A1 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
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