JP4729631B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4729631B2 JP4729631B2 JP2009058568A JP2009058568A JP4729631B2 JP 4729631 B2 JP4729631 B2 JP 4729631B2 JP 2009058568 A JP2009058568 A JP 2009058568A JP 2009058568 A JP2009058568 A JP 2009058568A JP 4729631 B2 JP4729631 B2 JP 4729631B2
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 564
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 281
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 278
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 92
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 13
- RZCJYMOBWVJQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthyloxyacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(OCC(=O)O)=CC=C21 RZCJYMOBWVJQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 231100001143 noxa Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/18—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1621—Catalyst conversion efficiency
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1622—Catalyst reducing agent absorption capacity or consumption amount
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
図1を参照すると、1は機関本体、2は各気筒の燃焼室、3は各燃焼室2内に夫々燃料を噴射するための電子制御式燃料噴射弁、4は吸気マニホルド、5は排気マニホルドを夫々示す。吸気マニホルド4は吸気ダクト6を介して排気ターボチャージャ7のコンプレッサ7aの出口に連結され、コンプレッサ7aの入口は吸入空気量検出器8を介してエアクリーナ9に連結される。吸気ダクト6内にはステップモータにより駆動されるスロットル弁10が配置され、更に吸気ダクト6周りには吸気ダクト6内を流れる吸入空気を冷却するための冷却装置11が配置される。図1に示される実施例では機関冷却水が冷却装置11内に導かれ、機関冷却水によって吸入空気が冷却される。
本発明による実施例では一定の時間間隔をおいて次式に基づき第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(1)nおよび第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(2)nが繰返し算出される。
ΣNH3(1)n←ΣNH3(1)n-1+Q1−M1−F・・・(1)
ΣNH3(2)n←ΣNH3(2)n-1+Q2−M2+F・・・(2)
図5を参照するとまず初めにステップ50において吸入空気量検出器8により検出された吸入空気量GAおよび温度センサ29の検出信号から推定されるNOx選択還元触媒13の温度TCが読込まれる。次いでステップ51ではNOxセンサ28の出力が読込まれ、次いでステップ52ではNOxセンサ28の出力に基づいてNOx選択還元触媒13から流出する排気ガス中のNOx濃度Doutが算出される。
ΣNH3(1)n←ΣNH3(1)n-1+Q1−M1−F
次いでステップ63では次式に基づいて第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(2)nが算出される。
ΣNH3(2)n←ΣNH3(2)n-1+Q2−M2+F
次いでステップ64では第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(1)nと第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(2)nとの和が全アンモニア吸着量ΣNH3(=ΣNH3(1)n+ΣNH3(2)n)とされる。
ΣNH3(1)n←ΣNH3(1)n-1−M1−F
次いでステップ73では第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(2)nが次式から算出される。
ΣNH3(2)n←ΣNH3(2)n-1−M2+F
次いでステップ69に進む。
即ち、前述したようにNOx選択還元触媒13の温度が上昇するとアンモニアの吸着状態が第1の吸着状態から第2の吸着状態に変化する。従ってこの実施例では第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニアの吸着量の推定値ΣNH3(1)nが副目標アンモニア吸着量NX(1)よりも一定量αだけ低いアンモニア吸着量(NX(1)−α)を越えたときには第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニアを第2の吸着状態に変化させるためにNOx選択還元触媒13が昇温せしめられる。
5 排気マニホルド
7 排気ターボチャージャ
13 NOx選択還元触媒
16 尿素水供給弁
Claims (5)
- 機関排気通路内にNOX選択還元触媒を配置し、該NOX選択還元触媒にアンモニアを供給して該アンモニアをNOX選択還元触媒に吸着させ、主に吸着したアンモニアにより排気ガス中に含まれるNOXを選択的に還元するようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、NOX選択還元触媒へのアンモニアの吸着状態として、NOX選択還元触媒の温度が低温側温度領域にあるときにNOX選択還元触媒に吸着しかつNOX選択還元触媒の温度が上昇したときには該低温側温度領域において脱離量が最大となるアンモニアの第1の吸着状態と、NOX選択還元触媒の温度が該低温側温度領域よりも高温の高温側温度領域にあるときにNOX選択還元触媒に吸着し又は既に吸着しておりかつNOX選択還元触媒の温度が上昇したときには該高温側温度領域において脱離量が最大となるアンモニアの第2の吸着状態とが存在しており、第1の吸着状態から脱離したアンモニアは第2の吸着状態から脱離したアンモニアに比べてNOXを浄化することなくNOX選択還元触媒を素通りする割合が多く、第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量および第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量を夫々推定し、第1の吸着状態又は第2の吸着状態にある全吸着アンモニア量に対する主目標アンモニア吸着量が予め設定されており、第1の吸着状態にある吸着アンモニア量に対する副目標アンモニア吸着量が予め設定されており、同一のNO x 選択還元触媒温度に対して副目標アンモニア吸着量は主目標アンモニア吸着量よりも小さな値に設定されており、第1の吸着状態にある吸着アンモニア量が副目標アンモニア吸着量を越えないようにしつつ全吸着アンモニア量が主目標アンモニア吸着量となるように第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値と第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値に基づいてアンモニアの供給量を制御するようにした内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 第1の吸着状態にある吸着アンモニア量の推定値が副目標アンモニア吸着量によりも一定量だけ低いアンモニア吸着量を越えたときには第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニアを第2の吸着状態に変化させるためにNO X 選択還元触媒が昇温せしめられる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量および第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量を推定する際に、NO X の浄化のために消費される吸着アンモニアの消費量が算出され、このとき第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニアの消費量の方が第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニアの消費量に比べて大きくされる請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- NO X 選択還元触媒の温度が上昇したときに第1の吸着状態から第2の吸着状態に変化する吸着アンモニアの変化量が推定され、該吸着アンモニアの変化量の推定値に基づいて第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値および第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量の推定値が修正される請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- NO X 選択還元触媒に供給されるアンモニアの供給量と、NO X 選択還元触媒によるNO X 浄化率と、NO X 選択還元触媒の温度から第1の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量および第2の吸着状態にあるアンモニア吸着量が推定される請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
Priority Applications (5)
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JP2009058568A JP4729631B2 (ja) | 2009-03-11 | 2009-03-11 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
EP10710433.3A EP2406472B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-03-10 | Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine |
US13/255,189 US8448428B2 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-03-10 | Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine |
PCT/IB2010/000500 WO2010103380A1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-03-10 | Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine |
CN201080011491XA CN102348876B (zh) | 2009-03-11 | 2010-03-10 | 用于内燃发动机的排气净化系统 |
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JP2009058568A JP4729631B2 (ja) | 2009-03-11 | 2009-03-11 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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JP2010209852A JP2010209852A (ja) | 2010-09-24 |
JP4729631B2 true JP4729631B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
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US (1) | US8448428B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2406472B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4729631B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102348876B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010103380A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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JP4875744B2 (ja) | 2009-12-09 | 2012-02-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 排気浄化システムの触媒劣化判定装置 |
JP5119289B2 (ja) | 2010-04-06 | 2013-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE102011003599A1 (de) * | 2011-02-03 | 2012-08-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Dosieren eines Reduktionsmittels |
JP5900617B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-20 | 2016-04-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
JP6087580B2 (ja) | 2012-10-30 | 2017-03-01 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置およびその排気浄化方法 |
JP2014105644A (ja) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-09 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US10029209B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2018-07-24 | Cataler Corporation | Exhaust gas purification material |
DE202014009073U1 (de) * | 2014-11-15 | 2016-02-18 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Verbrennungsmotor mit einem System für die selektive katalytische Reduktion |
JP7381366B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2023-11-15 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 噴射量算出装置、及び、噴射量制御方法 |
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US8448428B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 |
EP2406472B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
EP2406472A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
CN102348876A (zh) | 2012-02-08 |
CN102348876B (zh) | 2013-11-13 |
US20120000190A1 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
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WO2010103380A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
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