JP4722858B2 - 向上されたエレクトロクロミック(ec)ポリマーフィルムの電解重合 - Google Patents
向上されたエレクトロクロミック(ec)ポリマーフィルムの電解重合 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4722858B2 JP4722858B2 JP2006541425A JP2006541425A JP4722858B2 JP 4722858 B2 JP4722858 B2 JP 4722858B2 JP 2006541425 A JP2006541425 A JP 2006541425A JP 2006541425 A JP2006541425 A JP 2006541425A JP 4722858 B2 JP4722858 B2 JP 4722858B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- polymer
- layer
- cyclic voltammetry
- counter electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 title claims description 81
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000970 chrono-amperometry Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 257
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 71
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 70
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 64
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 48
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 48
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 41
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 19
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZUDCKLVMBAXBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethoxythiophene Chemical compound COC1=CSC=C1OC ZUDCKLVMBAXBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 7
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000018 DNA microarray Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=CSC=C21 GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- IEMXKVCEQAQLOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-9h-carbazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C(Br)C(Br)=C3NC2=C1 IEMXKVCEQAQLOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 propylene dioxypyrrole Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNOOCRQGKGWSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydro-2h-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine Chemical compound O1CCCOC2=CSC=C21 WNOOCRQGKGWSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUMHIQSZHCYMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxypyrrol-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CN1O GUMHIQSZHCYMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037029 cross reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019239 indanthrene blue RS Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGZKUKYUQJUUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;ethoxyethane;dibromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-].CCOCC JGZKUKYUQJUUNE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012022 methylating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004589 rubber sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001392 ultraviolet--visible--near infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
- C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/124—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one nitrogen atom in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/126—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one sulfur atom in the ring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
- G01N21/553—Attenuated total reflection and using surface plasmons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1096—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing other heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/14—Macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1441—Heterocyclic
- C09K2211/1458—Heterocyclic containing sulfur as the only heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/14—Macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1441—Heterocyclic
- C09K2211/1466—Heterocyclic containing nitrogen as the only heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/14—Macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1441—Heterocyclic
- C09K2211/1491—Heterocyclic containing other combinations of heteroatoms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
- G02F1/15165—Polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
- G02F2001/1555—Counter electrode
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ECポリマーデバイスで有利に使用することができる特性を有するECポリマーフィルムを合成する方法、ECポリマーベース・デバイスの特定的な構造、およびこうしたECポリマーデバイスで有利に使用することができる対向電極を対象とする。より詳細には、本発明は、(1)透明基板上に堆積させた格子状導電性材料の特定的な構造であって、得られた格子および基板がECポリマーベース・デバイスの対向電極として有用である構造、(2)デジタルウィンドウ(DW)を含むイメージングシステム、および(3)ECポリマーデバイス中に有利に組み込むことができるECポリマーフィルムを製造する方法を対象とする。
ECデバイスにおいて有用であることが期待されている第1の有機ポリマーは、ジメチル置換ポリ(3,4−プロピレンジオキシチオフェン)、またはPProDOT−Me2とも呼ばれている、ポリ[3,3−ジメチル−3,4−ジヒドロ−2H−チエノ[3,4−b][1,4]ジオキセピン]である。図1Aは、ProDOT−Me2を調製するための好ましいエーテル交換反応10を示す。所望量の3,4−ジメトキシチオフェンおよび2,2−ジメチル−1,3−プロパンジオールをトルエンに溶解し、p−トルエンスルホン酸一水和物の存在下で、(3,4−ジメトキシチオフェン濃度1.5モル%で)温度110℃で10〜20時間加熱する。温度110℃でトルエンが沸騰する限り、このプロセスは化学技術で還流と呼ばれる。還流プロセスでは、溶液の一留分(3,4−ジメトキシチオフェン、2,2−ジメチル−1,3−プロパンジオール、およびp−トルエンスルホン酸一水和物の留分はそれぞれ沸点がより高いので、この場合はトルエン留分)が蒸気として溶液から追い出されるまで溶液を沸騰させ、次いで、この蒸気を凝縮させて元の溶液に戻す。
上記のように、PProDOT−Me2は、ECデバイスで使用されて、淡青から暗青への色変化を可能にする。色変化が青ではなく赤であるECデバイスを実現するためには、他のECポリマーを使用することができる。脱色から不透明への色変化が、青ではなく赤である、ある種のECポリマーは、3,4−アルキレンジオキシピロール(XOP)およびその誘導体をベースにしている。具体的には、プロピレンジオキシピロール(ProDOP)およびその誘導体(例えば、ジメチル−プロピレンジオキシピロール、すなわち、ProDOP−Me2)が有用である。残念ながら、このようなECポリマーは、耐久性があり、かつ脱色状態と非脱色状態の間のコントラストが望ましい高品質のフィルムとして製造するのが容易ではない。図19Aは、ProDOPのプロトンNMRスペクトルであり、図19Bは、ProDOP−Me2のプロトンNMRスペクトルである。
本発明の他の態様は、ECポリマーを利用するECデバイスの特定的な構造を対象とする。本明細書で開示する各構造は、少なくとも1種のECポリマー、固体または液体電解質、ならびに透明電極の上層および下層を含む積層系に基づくものである。
図4Aおよび4Bに示す第2の構造に相当する作業サンプルについて電気化学的実験検討を実施した。陰極性ECポリマーとしてPProDOT−Me2を使用し、対向電極として白金ワイヤを使用した。この検討は、参照電極として銀(Ag/Ag+)、作用電極としてITOが塗布された単一ガラススライド、および対向電極として白金(Pt)ワイヤを用い、CH Instrumentのポテンシオスタット/ガルバノスタット電気化学分析装置CH1605Aを使用して行った。使用した電解質(この場合は、液体電解質)は0.1N TBAP/ACNであった。Varian Corp.のUV−Vis−NIR分光光度計で分光電気化学分析を実施した。図9Aおよび9Bは、上記のECデバイスそれぞれの速く再現性のある動作を示すグラフである。具体的には、図9Aは、PProDOT−Me2陰極性層、電解質層、および対向電極層を有するECデバイスのスイッチングデータを提供し、一方、図9Bは、PProDOT−Me2陰極性層、電解質層、およびPBEDOT−NMeCz陽極性層を有するECデバイスのスイッチングデータを提供する。
本発明のさらに他の態様は、ECデバイスの特定的な応用分野に関するものである。第1の実施形態では、PBEDOT−NMeCz陽極性層を含むECデバイスがディスプレイとして使用される。PBEDOT−NMeCzは酸化状態で黄色調を示し、還元状態で青色調であるから、多色ディスプレイを実現することができる。こうしたECデバイスは複数の画素を含むことが好ましく、それぞれの画素は、PBEDOT−NMeCz陽極性層を含むデュアルポリマーECデバイスの個別アドレス指定可能な格子によって定められている。それぞれの画素に個別に電圧を印加することができるので、それぞれの画素の色を別々に制御するフラットパネルディスプレイを実現することが可能である。
PProDOT−Me2は、陰極性着色ポリマーとして使用されることができる。PProDOT−Me2は、完全に還元された形では暗青色であり、完全に酸化された形では非常に透過性の淡青色である。この陰極性着色ポリマーは、p−ドーピング形の電荷の中和(すなわち、還元)につれて淡色から濃色状態へ変化する。このπ−π*遷移は、可視領域外の遷移の損失で消耗される。したがって、この色の主波長は、ドーピングプロセスを通して同じである。PProDOT−Me2陰極性層、過塩素酸リチウム(LiClO4)を含有するゲル電解質、および金ベースの対向電極を利用したECデバイスのECプロセスを図18に示す。この図では、金の層が、以下に説明する一対の層のプロセスに必要な第2の層の役割を果たしている。
11 合成装置
13 容器
15 枝管
17 凝縮器
19 充填された塩化カルシウム
21 高さ
30 BEDOT−NMeCzの合成スキーム
40a 透明状態の概略図
40b 着色状態の概略図
42 透明電極
44a 陰極性ECポリマー層(透明)
44b 陰極性ECポリマー層(着色)
46 固体/ゲル電解質
48 陽極性ECポリマー層
50a 第2の好ましい構造の透明状態の概略図
50b 第2の好ましい構造の着色状態の概略図
52 対向電極層
53 シーラント
56 ガラスウェハ
58 金パターン
60 チタン−タングステン層
62 炭素コーティング
64 ITOコーティング
71 蜘蛛の巣型格子
73 蜘蛛の巣型格子
100 DW/SPRイメージングシステム
100a DW/SPRイメージングシステム
102 DW
102a DW
104 フローセル
106 パターン形成分析層
108 金又は銀層
110 レーザ光源
112 第1の光路
114 第1の光学素子
116 プリズム
118 第2の光学素子
120 第2の光路
122 電荷結合素子(CCD)検出器
130 二重ガラス窓
132 シングル又はデュアルポリマーECデバイス
134 外部ガラス窓
136 内部ガラス窓
140 空隙又は隙間
200 フローチャート
202 ブロック
204 ブロック
206 サイクリックボルタンメトリ重合曲線
208 酸化ピーク
210 還元ピーク
212 フローチャート
214 ブロック
216 ブロック
218 ブロック
220 クロノアンペロメトリ重合曲線
230 新たに調製したフィルムの電流対電位曲線
232 10,000サイクル後の電流対電位曲線
234 新たに調製したフィルムの電流対電位曲線
236 10,000サイクル後の電流対電位曲線
Claims (23)
- 高品質のエレクトロクロミックポリマーフィルムを製造するための方法であって、
(a)重合するとエレクトロクロミックポリマーが生成されるエレクトロクロミックモノマーを提供するステップと、
(b)クロノアンペロメトリを使用して最初の量のモノマーを重合し、ついでサイクリックボルタンメトリを使用して追加の量のエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、基板上にフィルムとしてポリマーを堆積させるステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 基板上にフィルムとしてポリマーを堆積させるステップが、透明電極上にフィルムを堆積させるステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- 基板上にフィルムとしてポリマーを堆積させるステップが、インジウムスズ酸化物を塗布した透明基板上にフィルムを堆積させるステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の方法。
- エレクトロクロミックモノマーを提供するステップが、[3,6−ビス(2−(3,4−エチルジオキシチオフェン))−N−メチルカルバゾール]を提供するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- エレクトロクロミックモノマーを提供するステップが、ジメチルプロピレンジオキシチオフェンを提供するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- エレクトロクロミックモノマーを提供するステップが、[3,3−ジメチル−3,4−ジヒドロ−2H−チエノ[3,4−b][1,4]ジオキセピン]を提供するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- エレクトロクロミックモノマーを提供するステップが、モノマーが濃度約0.01Mで存在する溶液としてモノマーを提供するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- エレクトロクロミックモノマーを提供するステップが、モノマーを溶媒に溶解してモノマー溶液を得るステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- モノマーを溶媒に溶解してモノマー溶液を得るステップが、プロピレンカーボネートにモノマーを溶解するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- プロピレンカーボネートにモノマーを溶解するステップが、過塩素酸テトラブチルアンモニウムが添加されているプロピレンカーボネートを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- プロピレンカーボネートにモノマーを溶解するステップが、過塩素酸テトラブチルアンモニウム約0.1Mのプロピレンカーボネート溶液を使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の方法。
- サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、多重走査サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 多重走査サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、約+0.8〜約−1.0Vの範囲の電圧を使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 多重走査サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、走査速度約20mV/秒を使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 多重走査サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、約10サイクルを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 多重走査サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、
(a)約+0.8〜約−1.0Vの範囲の電圧と、
(b)走査速度約20mV/秒と、
(c)約10サイクルと、
を使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。 - サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、対向電極として白金ワイヤを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、水分の存在しない状態でサイクリックボルタンメトリを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用してエレクトロクロミックモノマーを重合するステップが、水の存在しない状態のサイクリックボルタンメトリを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- クロノアンペロメトリを使用して最初の量のモノマーを重合するステップが、クロノアンペロメトリを使用して基板上にポリマーの薄膜を堆積させるステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用して追加量のモノマーを重合するステップが、クロノアンペロメトリを使用して堆積させたポリマーの薄膜上に、サイクリックボルタンメトリを使用して追加のポリマーを堆積させるステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項21に記載の方法。
- クロノアンペロメトリを使用して最初の量のモノマーを重合するステップが、約0.88Vで約100秒間クロノアンペロメトリを使用するステップを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US52300703P | 2003-11-18 | 2003-11-18 | |
US60/523,007 | 2003-11-18 | ||
US10/917,954 | 2004-08-13 | ||
US10/917,954 US7450290B2 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2004-08-13 | Electropolymerization of enhanced electrochromic (EC) polymer film |
PCT/US2004/038888 WO2005050294A2 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2004-11-18 | Electropolymerization of enhanced electrochromic (ec) polymer film |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007511804A JP2007511804A (ja) | 2007-05-10 |
JP2007511804A5 JP2007511804A5 (ja) | 2007-10-04 |
JP4722858B2 true JP4722858B2 (ja) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=34623164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006541425A Active JP4722858B2 (ja) | 2003-11-18 | 2004-11-18 | 向上されたエレクトロクロミック(ec)ポリマーフィルムの電解重合 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7450290B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1685440A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4722858B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005050294A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7867616B2 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2011-01-11 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Carbon single-walled nanotubes as electrodes for electrochromic glasses |
US7884994B2 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-02-08 | Saint Gobain Glass France | Electrochromic layers, device and process of producing same |
HUE029288T2 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2017-02-28 | Univ Florida | Green - Transmissive Soluble Electrochemical Polymers |
EP2271694B1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2017-08-23 | University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Black soluble conjugated polymers with highly transmissive oxidized state |
US9782949B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2017-10-10 | Corning Incorporated | Glass laminated articles and layered articles |
EP2545410A1 (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2013-01-16 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Electrochromic device capable of controlling visible and infrared radiations |
US9248467B2 (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2016-02-02 | Rigoberto Advincula | Types of electrodeposited polymer coatings with reversible wettability and electro-optical properties |
US10414839B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2019-09-17 | Sirrus, Inc. | Polymers including a methylene beta-ketoester and products formed therefrom |
MX360463B (es) | 2011-10-19 | 2018-11-05 | Sirrus Inc | Monomeros de beta-cetoester de metileno, procedimientos de fabricación de monomeros de beta-cetoester de metileno, composiciones polimerizables y productos formados a partir de las mismas. |
CN104040417B (zh) | 2011-11-15 | 2017-07-18 | 阿什温-乌沙斯公司 | 互补聚合物电致变色装置 |
US9046731B2 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2015-06-02 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce, The National Institute Of Standards And Technology | Plasmonic enhancement of material properties |
JP6345644B2 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2018-06-20 | シラス・インコーポレイテッド | インク配合物およびコーティング配合物ならびにこれらを作製するための重合性の系 |
EP3153530B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2021-02-24 | Sirrus, Inc. | Composite and laminate articles and polymerizable systems for producing the same |
US10047192B2 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2018-08-14 | Sirrus, Inc. | Optical material and articles formed therefrom |
WO2014078689A1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Bioformix Inc. | Plastics bonding systems and methods |
US10607910B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2020-03-31 | Sirrus, Inc. | Composite compositions for electronics applications |
US9207515B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-08 | Ashwin-Ushas Corporation, Inc. | Variable-emittance electrochromic devices and methods of preparing the same |
US8902486B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2014-12-02 | Ashwin-Ushas Corporation, Inc. | Method and apparatus for control of electrochromic devices |
US9933680B2 (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2018-04-03 | University Of Washington | Heat-resistant electrolyte materials and electrochromic devices including them |
US9334430B1 (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2016-05-10 | Sirrus, Inc. | Encapsulated polymerization initiators, polymerization systems and methods using the same |
US9217098B1 (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-12-22 | Sirrus, Inc. | Electroinitiated polymerization of compositions having a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound |
US9632059B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2017-04-25 | Ashwin-Ushas Corporation, Inc. | Potentiostat/galvanostat with digital interface |
US9482880B1 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2016-11-01 | Ashwin-Ushas Corporation, Inc. | Electrochromic eyewear |
US11479716B2 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2022-10-25 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Light-modulating material, light-modulating film, and light-modulating laminate |
CN107422566A (zh) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-01 | 北京工业大学 | 一种基于电致变色材料结构中离子传输和离子存储的控制方法 |
GB201721611D0 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-02-07 | Univ College Dublin Nat Univ Ireland Dublin | Addressable plasmonic arrays |
US11340479B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2022-05-24 | Cardinal Cg Company | Elastomeric optical device and related operation methods |
US10775649B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2020-09-15 | Cardinal Cg Company | Elastomeric optical device and related methods |
US11328686B2 (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-05-10 | Bombardier Inc. | System and method for control of an aircraft cabin display |
EP3757549A1 (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Dublin | Addressable plasmonic arrays |
KR20220059800A (ko) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 색상 가변 플라스틱 |
DE102020134261A1 (de) | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | Carl Zeiss Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Desoxyribonukleinsäure-Fragmenten |
WO2023009111A1 (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-02-02 | Ambilight Inc. | Electrochromic device with improved cycling stability |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003046106A1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-06-05 | University Of Florida | Electrochromic polymers and polymer electrochromic devices |
US6617462B1 (en) * | 1999-02-23 | 2003-09-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Bithienylnaphthalene-and bis(3,4-ethylenedioxythienyl)naphthalene-based monomers and polymers |
Family Cites Families (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4702963A (en) | 1981-04-03 | 1987-10-27 | Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. | Flexible polymer film with vapor impermeable coating |
US4761061A (en) | 1985-09-19 | 1988-08-02 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Method for fabrication of electrochromic device and the same fabricated by the method |
JPH0617959B2 (ja) | 1986-05-13 | 1994-03-09 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | エレクトロクロミツク表示素子 |
JPH0678492B2 (ja) * | 1986-11-27 | 1994-10-05 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 高電導性重合体組成物及びその製造方法 |
JPS63225688A (ja) * | 1987-03-14 | 1988-09-20 | Fujikura Ltd | エレクトロクロミツク素子 |
US4768865A (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-09-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrochromic window with metal grid counter electrode |
US5042923A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1991-08-27 | Allied-Signal, Inc. | Adjustable tint window with electrochromic conductive polymer |
US4973391A (en) * | 1988-08-30 | 1990-11-27 | Osaka Gas Company, Ltd. | Composite polymers of polyaniline with metal phthalocyanine and polyaniline with organic sulfonic acid and nafion |
US5006633A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1991-04-09 | Nippon Oil Company, Limited | Novel compolymers and electroactive polymers derived therefrom |
US4993810A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1991-02-19 | Ford Motor Company | Electrochromic devices comprising metal salts in an ion conductive material |
US5015086A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-05-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Electronic sunglasses |
FR2649691B1 (fr) | 1989-07-11 | 1992-10-30 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | Vitrage electrochrome |
US5818636A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1998-10-06 | Molecular Displays, Inc. | Complementary surface confined polmer electrochromic materials, systems, and methods of fabrication therefor |
US5321544A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1994-06-14 | Sun Active Glass Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic structures and methods |
US5883220A (en) * | 1992-01-12 | 1999-03-16 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Redox copolymers and their use in preparing mixed conduction materials |
BR9306215A (pt) * | 1992-04-10 | 1998-06-23 | Sun Active Glass Electrochrom | Dispositivo eletrocrómico e processo para a preparaçao do mesmo |
US5404244A (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1995-04-04 | Sun Active Glass Electrochromics, Inc. | Electrochromic structures and methods |
US5377037A (en) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-12-27 | Midwest Research Institute | Electrochromic-photovoltaic film for light-sensitive control of optical transmittance |
IT1261163B (it) * | 1993-01-22 | 1996-05-09 | Siv Soc Italiana Vetro | Vetro elettrocromico per auto ed edilizia. |
US5910854A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1999-06-08 | Donnelly Corporation | Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices |
JP3194312B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-19 | 2001-07-30 | ソニー株式会社 | 絞り装置 |
US5724176A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1998-03-03 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. | Counterelectrode for smart window and smart window |
US6136161A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 2000-10-24 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Fabrication of electrochromic device with plastic substrates |
DE4413403A1 (de) * | 1994-04-18 | 1995-10-19 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Elektrochrome Dünnschichtsysteme und deren Komponenten |
US5679283A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1997-10-21 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic layer and devices comprising same |
JP3844016B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-27 | 2006-11-08 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 新規重合体及びその製造法と利用法 |
EP0871926B1 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 2004-02-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Optical switching device |
JP2000513113A (ja) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-10-03 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | エレクトロクロミック素子、同素子を具備する表示装置及びエレクトロクロミック層を製造する方法 |
JP2000154254A (ja) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-06 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | リチウム2次電池用ゲル状電解質 |
US6555945B1 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2003-04-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Actuators using double-layer charging of high surface area materials |
JP2001209078A (ja) * | 2000-01-26 | 2001-08-03 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | エレクトロクロミック素子 |
US6373618B1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2002-04-16 | Schott-Donnelly, Llc | Chromogenic glazing for automobiles and display filters |
AU2001264879A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-03 | Schott Donnelly Llc | Electrochromic devices |
US6730212B1 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2004-05-04 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Sensor for chemical and biological materials |
JP2004527902A (ja) * | 2000-12-23 | 2004-09-09 | ルー,ウエン | イオン性液体を内蔵する長寿命共役ポリマー電気化学デバイス |
US6667825B2 (en) * | 2001-01-03 | 2003-12-23 | Santa Fe Science And Technology, Inc. | Stable conjugated polymer electrochromic devices incorporating ionic liquids |
US6639708B2 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2003-10-28 | Schott North America, Inc | Electrochromic safety glazing |
US6950220B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2005-09-27 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same |
US6734956B2 (en) * | 2002-05-06 | 2004-05-11 | Reichert, Inc. | Optical configuration and method for differential refractive index measurements |
US6965509B2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2005-11-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Poly (3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene)-based capacitors using ionic liquids as supporting electrolytes |
EP1687670B1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2014-03-12 | University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | A method to contact patterned electrodes on porous substrates and devices thereby |
US20050237485A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-10-27 | Blum Ronald D | Method and apparatus for correcting vision |
WO2006045043A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-27 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Dual light emitting and electrochromic device |
US7265891B1 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2007-09-04 | Eclipse Energy Systems | Electrochromic device with self-forming ion transfer layer and lithium-fluoro-nitride electrolyte |
-
2004
- 2004-08-13 US US10/917,954 patent/US7450290B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-18 JP JP2006541425A patent/JP4722858B2/ja active Active
- 2004-11-18 WO PCT/US2004/038888 patent/WO2005050294A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-18 EP EP04811584A patent/EP1685440A2/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-10-16 US US12/253,110 patent/US7675667B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6617462B1 (en) * | 1999-02-23 | 2003-09-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Bithienylnaphthalene-and bis(3,4-ethylenedioxythienyl)naphthalene-based monomers and polymers |
WO2003046106A1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-06-05 | University Of Florida | Electrochromic polymers and polymer electrochromic devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1685440A2 (en) | 2006-08-02 |
US20090052002A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
WO2005050294A2 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
US7675667B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 |
WO2005050294A3 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
US7450290B2 (en) | 2008-11-11 |
JP2007511804A (ja) | 2007-05-10 |
US20070188845A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4722858B2 (ja) | 向上されたエレクトロクロミック(ec)ポリマーフィルムの電解重合 | |
US6747780B2 (en) | Electrochromic organic polymer synthesis and devices utilizing electrochromic organic polymers | |
US7505191B2 (en) | Electrochromic monomers and polymers for a switchable window | |
JP5340518B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミックポリマーおよびポリマーエレクトロクロミックデバイス | |
Alesanco et al. | Multicolor electrochromics: rainbow-like devices | |
CN104040417B (zh) | 互补聚合物电致变色装置 | |
US8154787B2 (en) | Electrochromic materials | |
JP2007526525A (ja) | エレクトロクロミックポリマーをベースにした切替え可能な窓 | |
Hu et al. | Pyrazine-EDOT DAD type hybrid polymer for patterned flexible electrochromic devices | |
WO2006029344A2 (en) | Green electrochromic (ec) material and device | |
Shao et al. | Design strategies for high reflectivity contrast and stability adaptive camouflage electrochromic supercapacitors | |
Zhang et al. | Exploring the influence of benzene ring incorporation in the backbone on electrochromic performance of polythiophene | |
US7298541B2 (en) | Green electrochromic (EC) material and device | |
Zhang et al. | A single polymeric template-based full color organic electrochromic device | |
Fu et al. | Electrosynthesis and characterization of a novel electrochromic copolymer of N-methylpyrrole with cyclopenta [2, 1-b: 3, 4-b′] dithiophene | |
Xu et al. | Enhanced smart window based on electrochromic (EC) polymers | |
Zhao et al. | A Naphthalene-Based Multi-Electrochromic Material and Its Neutral Green Electrochromic Device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20070815 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070815 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101112 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110210 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20110315 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20110406 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140415 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4722858 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |