JP4642378B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building.

  In recent years, the construction of houses has been industrialized. For example, in prefabricated houses, rectangular plates such as floor panels, wall panels, roof panels, etc. manufactured in advance without using columns, beams, etc. There is known a construction method (hereinafter referred to as a panel construction method) for forming floors, walls, ceilings, and the like by arranging shaped panels.

  Panels for floors, walls, roofs, etc. assembled at the factory are brought to the construction site by trucks. In a construction site, a basic structure of a house such as a floor, a wall, and a roof can be constructed in a short period of time simply by arranging the panels and joining the panels.

In a house constructed with a panel method, for example, when a wide opening is required, such as a garage under a house, a gate consisting of a beam extending horizontally and pillars extending vertically downward from both ends of the beam A mold panel is applied. In addition, there is a type using a gate-type panel unit in which a pair of portal panels are opposed to each other at a predetermined interval, both pillar portions are coupled by wall panels, and beam portions are coupled by floor panels (for example, patents). Reference 1).
Japanese Patent No. 2565626

  By the way, when living in a completed house for a long period of time, it is necessary to change the layout and specifications for the growth and independence of the family. For this reason, a house has been designed in which a large-sized living room is provided in advance, and a partition of a non-bearing wall is provided therein, so that the floor plan can be easily changed even after completion.

  However, if a large space is provided in accordance with a load-bearing wall such as an outer peripheral wall, the amount of the wall is reduced, so that the structural strength of the building may be reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a building capable of improving a structural strength and providing a large-sized living room in accordance with a bearing wall.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a building constructed by a panel method, and as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the load-bearing walls (wall panels 12 and 22) constituting the frame. And beam members 13 and 23 extending horizontally in parallel to the load-bearing walls (wall panels 12 and 22) and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and at the same height as the upper ends of the load-bearing walls (wall panels 12 and 22). The two structural members (floor panels 21, 31 and ceiling members 14, 24) that connect the beam members 13, 23 and the load-bearing wall (wall panels 12, 22) extend horizontally in the vertical direction. The upper structural material is supported by the load-bearing wall and the beam material, and the lower structural material is attached between the load-bearing wall and the lower end of the beam material. To do.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the beam member 23 is provided so as to be spaced apart from the load-bearing walls (wall panels 12 and 22) constituting the housing by a predetermined distance and in parallel with the load-bearing walls (wall panels 12 and 22). By providing two structural members (floor panels 21 and 31 and ceiling members 14 and 24) for connecting the beam member 23 and the load-bearing wall (wall panels 12 and 22) apart from each other, a cylindrical shape is provided. Since a structure can be formed and a horizontal force can be applied to the cylindrical structure, the structural strength of the building can be improved, and a large space room 27 can be provided.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the building according to claim 1, wherein wiring and / or piping is provided between the two structural members (floor panels 21, 31 and ceiling members 14, 24). It is characterized by being.

  Here, examples of the wiring include electrical wiring and information wiring. Examples of the piping include gas and water piping, ventilation piping, sewage and miscellaneous drainage piping, and rainwater drainage piping.

  According to invention of Claim 2, since wiring and / or piping are provided between said two structural materials (floor panels 21 and 31 and ceiling materials 14 and 24), it is a cylindrical structure. Can be used as wiring and / or piping space.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the building according to claim 2, wherein the upper structural material (floor panels 21, 31) is opposed to the load-bearing wall (wall panels 12, 22) and the beam member 23. It is characterized by being supported by floor receiving members 34, 34 provided on the surfaces to be supported.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, the upper structural members (floor panels 21, 31) are floor supports provided on the opposing surfaces of the load-bearing walls (wall panels 12, 22) and the beam member 23, respectively. Since it is supported by the members 34, 34, the upper structural members (floor panels 21, 31) can be lifted and removed easily, and the wiring and / or piping provided inside the cylindrical structure is maintained. Or post-construction.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the building according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that an inspection port is provided in the upper structural material (floor panels 21, 31).

  According to the invention described in claim 4, the inspection port provided in the upper structural material (floor panels 21, 31) is opened to maintain the wiring and / or piping provided inside the cylindrical structure. Can be post-constructed.

  Invention of Claim 5 is a building as described in any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: In the lower part of the said lower structural material (ceiling material 14, 24), storage space (space 15, 25) is provided.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the storage space (spaces 15 and 25) is provided in the lower part of the lower structural material (ceiling materials 14 and 24), so that the space can be used effectively and there is little unevenness. A room can be formed.

  According to the present invention, a beam member is provided at a predetermined distance from the bearing wall constituting the housing and parallel to the bearing wall, and the two structural members that connect the beam member and the bearing wall are separated vertically. By providing it, a cylindrical structure can be formed and a horizontal force can be borne on this cylindrical structure, so that the structural strength of the building can be improved and a large space can be provided. . Moreover, the inside of a cylindrical structure can be utilized also as wiring and / or piping space.

  Furthermore, by supporting the upper structural material by floor receiving materials provided on the opposing surfaces of the load-bearing wall and the beam material, the upper structural material can be easily lifted and removed, and the interior of the cylindrical structure The wiring and / or piping provided in the can be maintained or post-installed. Similarly, the inspection port provided in the upper structural member can be opened to maintain the wiring and / or piping provided in the cylindrical structure, or to perform post-installation.

  Further, by providing a storage space below the lower structural material, it is possible to effectively use the space and form a room with less unevenness.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The building of the present invention is constructed by a panel method that forms floors, walls, ceilings, etc. by arranging rectangular panels such as floor panels, wall panels, roof panels, etc., which are formed in advance at the factory. Is done. Each panel is formed by providing reinforcing bars on a rectangular frame-shaped saddle if necessary, and plywood is pasted on one side or both sides.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the main part of the building of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the building of FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the AA portion of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing the BB portion of FIG.

  On the upper part of the foundation 6 of the building, a floor panel 11 and a semi-base 8 constituting a floor 10 on the first floor are arranged via a pedestal 7. A wall panel 12 constituting the outer peripheral wall 1 of the first floor is arranged at the upper part.

In addition, a recess 3 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the building by providing a pair of retaining walls 2 perpendicular to the outer peripheral wall 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the recess 3 is provided with an opening 4 such as an entrance or a window. These openings 4 constitute the front appearance of the building and play a role of ventilation and lighting. In addition, the outside scenery can be viewed from the opening 4.
On the upper part of the opening 4, there is provided a gutter 5 for dimming and shielding light incident on the opening 4.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a floor panel 21 constituting the second floor 20 is supported on the upper part of the wall panel 12 constituting the outer peripheral wall 1 of the first floor. Further, a beam member 13 that supports the floor panel 21 together with the wall panel 12 is provided apart from the wall panel 12 and in parallel with the wall panel 12 at the same height as the upper end of the wall panel 12. Both ends of the beam member 13 are supported by a load bearing wall (not shown) perpendicular to the wall panel 12.

  A ceiling member 14 is provided between the lower end of the beam member 13 and the wall panel 12. Here, the ceiling material 14 has a frame-like field edge 14a provided with reinforcing bars as needed, and a face material 14b attached to the lower surface. The ceiling member 14 is attached between the lower end of the beam member 13 and the wall panel 12 using an adhesive, a screw bolt, or the like.

A cylindrical structure is formed by the wall panel 12, the beam material 13, the floor panel 21, and the ceiling material 14.
A space 15 between the floor 10 on the first floor and the ceiling material 14 is provided with a storage unit (not shown) that can be used as a storage space or an exhibition space.

An adjustment material 9 is disposed on the end portion of the floor panel 21 supported by the wall panel 12 on the first floor as necessary. The wall panel 22 which comprises the outer peripheral wall 1 of the 2nd floor is arrange | positioned at the upper part of the floor panel 21 and the adjustment material 9. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a recess 3 is formed in the outer peripheral wall 1 as in the first floor, and an opening 4 such as a window or a veranda is provided. In addition, a ridge 5 is provided in the upper part of the opening 4 as in the first floor.

  On the upper part of the wall panel 22 on the second floor, as shown in FIG. 4, a wall panel 33 constituting a parapet wall 32 is provided via a trunk difference 26. Further, a beam member 23 is provided apart from the wall panel 22 and at the same height as the upper end of the wall panel 22 and in parallel with the wall panel 22. Both ends of the beam member 23 are supported by a load bearing wall (not shown) perpendicular to the wall panel 22. The beam member 23 supports the end wall 35 through the trunk difference 26.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the end wall 35 is disposed in parallel to the parapet wall 32 immediately above the outer peripheral wall 1 and spaced apart by a predetermined distance. A land roof 30 is formed between the end wall 35 and the parapet wall 32. Two end walls 35 are provided in parallel to both ends of the building. A large space 27 is formed between the two end walls 35. Moreover, the two end walls 35 support the both ends of a roof beam (not shown) at the upper ends.

  In addition, a roof receiving material (not shown) is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the boundary portion between the wall panel 22 on the second floor and the trunk difference 26 constituting the outer peripheral wall 1 perpendicular to the end wall 35. The roof beam and the roof receiving material support the roof panel 41 constituting the sloped roof (gable roof 40).

  On the inner peripheral surface of the boundary portion between the wall panel 22 and the trunk difference 26 and the surface on the outer peripheral wall 1 side of the boundary portion between the upper end of the beam member 23 and the trunk difference 26, a floor panel 31 constituting the land roof 30 is provided. Supporting floor supports 34 are respectively provided. A ceiling member 24 is provided between the lower end of the beam member 23 and the wall panel 22. Similarly to the ceiling material 14, the ceiling material 24 is a frame-shaped field edge 24 a provided with a reinforcing bar material as needed, and a face material 24 b is attached to the lower surface. Similarly to the ceiling material 14, the ceiling material 24 is attached between the lower end of the beam material 23 and the wall panel 22 using an adhesive, a screw bolt, or the like.

In a space 26 between the floor 20 on the second floor and the ceiling member 24, a storage unit (not shown) that can be used as a storage space or an exhibition space is provided.
The wall panel 22, the beam material 23, the floor panel 31, and the ceiling material 24 form a cylindrical structure as in the first floor.

  In these cylindrical structures, since the floor panels 21 and 31 and the ceiling members 14 and 24 transmit a horizontal force between the wall panels 12 and 22 and the beam members 13 and 23, they resist a larger horizontal force. be able to. Therefore, the shear strength of the building can be increased and the structural strength can be improved. For this reason, the wall and floor on the opposite side to the outer peripheral wall 1 of a cylindrical structure can be omitted, and a large space such as an atrium can be formed.

  Also, inside these cylindrical structures, wiring such as electrical wiring and information wiring, piping for gas and water, piping for ventilation, piping for sewage and miscellaneous drainage, piping for rainwater drainage, etc. are provided. May be. Furthermore, you may provide a heat insulating material inside a cylindrical structure, and you may use the inside of a cylindrical structure for hut ventilation.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a drain pipe 36 for draining rainwater is embedded in the floor panel 31. The height of the upper surface of the floor panel 31 is lower than the eaves side end of the sloped roof. For this reason, rain that falls on the sloped roof flows along the parapet wall 32, flows onto the floor panel 31, and is drained by the drain pipe 36.

  In addition, you may support the floor panels 21 and 31 of the upper side of a cylindrical structure so that attachment or detachment is possible by the floor receiving material 34, for example. By making the floor panels 21 and 31 attachable and detachable, maintenance of wiring, piping, and the like provided inside the cylindrical structure can be performed. Moreover, wiring, piping, etc. can be post-constructed inside the cylindrical structure.

  Or you may provide the inspection port which is not illustrated in the floor panels 21 and 31. FIG. Even when inspection ports are provided in the floor panels 21 and 31, maintenance of wiring and piping provided inside the cylindrical structure is performed, and wiring and piping are post-installed inside the cylindrical structure. Can be.

  When the floor panel 21 is detachable or when an inspection port is provided in the floor panel 21, the inside of the cylindrical structure can be maintained from the second floor. Moreover, when the floor panel 31 which comprises the land roof 30 is made detachable, or when the inspection opening is provided in the floor panel 31, the inside of a cylindrical structure can be maintained from the top of the land roof 30. FIG.

  In the above embodiment, a beam member is provided spaced apart from the wall panel 22, the same height as the upper end of the wall panel 22, and parallel to the wall panel 22, and the floor supported by the wall panel 22 and the beam member. While the panel 11 is provided and the ceiling member 24 is provided between the lower end of the beam member and the wall panel 22 to form a cylindrical structure, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the beam member is formed above the floor panel 21. And the floor panel 11 may be provided between the upper end of the beam member and the wall panel 22 to form a cylindrical structure.

  Further, a continuous cylindrical structure may be formed without providing the recess 3 at the position where the opening 4 of the outer peripheral wall 1 is provided. Of course, other specific detailed structures can be changed as appropriate.

It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the building of this invention. It is a top view which shows the building of FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the AA portion of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a BB portion in FIG. 2.

Explanation of symbols

11, 21, 31 Floor panel 12, 22, 33 Wall panel 13, 23 Beam material 14, 24 Ceiling material 15, 25 Space 34 Floor receiving material

Claims (5)

It is a building constructed by the panel method,
A beam member that is spaced apart from the bearing wall constituting the frame by a predetermined distance and extends in the horizontal direction in parallel to the bearing wall is provided at the same height as the upper end of the bearing wall, and the beam member and the bearing wall are connected to each other. Two structural materials are provided to extend horizontally in the vertical direction ,
The upper structural material is supported by the load-bearing wall and the beam material,
The building according to claim 1, wherein the lower structural member is attached between the load-bearing wall and a lower end of the beam member .   The building according to claim 1, wherein wiring and / or piping is provided between the two structural members.   The building according to claim 2, wherein the upper structural material is supported by floor receiving materials provided on opposing surfaces of the load-bearing wall and the beam material.   The building according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an inspection port is provided in the upper structural member.   The building according to claim 1, wherein a storage space is provided in a lower portion of the lower structural material.

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