JP4597984B2 - 火災を制御する組成物および方法 - Google Patents
火災を制御する組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4597984B2 JP4597984B2 JP2006520706A JP2006520706A JP4597984B2 JP 4597984 B2 JP4597984 B2 JP 4597984B2 JP 2006520706 A JP2006520706 A JP 2006520706A JP 2006520706 A JP2006520706 A JP 2006520706A JP 4597984 B2 JP4597984 B2 JP 4597984B2
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- Prior art keywords
- composition
- fire
- water
- opacifier
- styrene
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- GDFCSMCGLZFNFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylaminopropyl Methacrylamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNC(=O)C(C)=C GDFCSMCGLZFNFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol distearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFUQRRYHIHJMPB-DUCFOALUSA-L Sirius red 4B Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)c1cc2cc(NC(=O)c3ccccc3)ccc2c([O-])c1\N=N\c1ccc(cc1)\N=N\c1ccc(cc1)S([O-])(=O)=O UFUQRRYHIHJMPB-DUCFOALUSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMPCGOAFZFKBGH-UHFFFAOYSA-O [4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-[4-(methylamino)phenyl]methylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]-dimethylazanium Chemical compound C1=CC(NC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 AMPCGOAFZFKBGH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIERETOOQGIECD-ARJAWSKDSA-N angelic acid Chemical compound C\C=C(\C)C(O)=O UIERETOOQGIECD-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RLYNGYDVXRKEOO-SQQVDAMQSA-N but-2-enoic acid;(e)-but-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC=CC(O)=O.C\C=C\C(O)=O RLYNGYDVXRKEOO-SQQVDAMQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004985 dialkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium Chemical compound C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DNDMQQPFVIIALP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 7-amino-4-hydroxy-3-[[4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].Nc1ccc2c(O)c(N=Nc3ccc(cc3)N=Nc3ccc(cc3)S([O-])(=O)=O)c(cc2c1)S([O-])(=O)=O DNDMQQPFVIIALP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(=O)OC=C CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC=C BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl sulfate;hydron Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC=C VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100608 glycol distearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002795 guanidino group Chemical group C(N)(=N)N* 0.000 description 1
- CWVFNAOMKFUALX-UHFFFAOYSA-N henicos-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O CWVFNAOMKFUALX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000416 hydrocolloid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000991 leather dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCLLINSDAJVOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n',n'-dimethylprop-2-enehydrazide Chemical compound CCN(N(C)C)C(=O)C=C RCLLINSDAJVOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001283 organosilanols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008379 phenol ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical class [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000992 solvent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000988 sulfur dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical group S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001040 synthetic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;5-oxo-1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-4h-pyrazole-3-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000984 vat dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
本発明の消火組成物は一般にSAPを、水により生じる損失を最小にして、すぐれた消火作用を生じ、純水と同様にきわめて良好な湿潤能力を保証して組成物の適用を可能にするために十分に自由な水が存在する量で含有する。
CH2=CH−C(=O)−NH(CH2CH2NH)lC(=O)−CH=CH2
(式中、lは2または3である)により表されるビスアクリルアミドを含むが、これらに限定されない。
SAP成分を製造するために有効な工業的方法は例えばModern Superabsorbent Polymer Technology、F.L.Buchholz A.T.Graham、WileyVCH(1988)の第3章に記載されるSAPの合成に一般に使用されるすべての方法を含む。アクリル酸を重合する適当な方法は水性溶液重合であり、アクリル酸および重合開始剤を含有する水溶液を重合反応させ、内部架橋モノマー、例えばメチレンビスアクリルアミドを添加することにより架橋反応させる。本発明の消火組成物中の有利なSAPは中和されたポリ(アクリル酸)である。ポリ(アクリル酸)は典型的にDN約65〜約80の中和度を有する。有利に中和剤は水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、または炭酸カリウムである。最も有利に中和剤は水酸化カリウムまたは炭酸カリウムであり、すなわち消火組成物のSAP成分は部分的に中和された、光架橋したポリアクリル酸カリウムである。
SAPのほかに本発明の方法および組成物は着色剤を利用する。着色剤は本発明の方法および組成物により処理される燃えやすい物体を眼で確認するために組成物中に存在する。着色剤の眼でわかる効果は実質的に燃えやすい物体に組成物が二重に適用されることを排除し、同時に関係するすべての燃えやすい物体を処理することを保証する助けとなる。
(a)酸性染料、例えば
ANTHOSINオレンジ35L
ANTHOSINレッド49L
ANTHOSINイエロー47L
ANTHOSINイエロー57L
(b)塩基性染料、例えば
BASAZOLレッド71L
BASAZOLバイオレット45L
BASAZOLバイオレット47L
BASAZOLバイオレット49L
BASAZOLバイオレット57L
BASAZOLイエロー94L
BASAZOLイエロー40L
BASAZOLイエロー46L
(c)直接染料、例えば
FASTUSOLブルー31L
FASTUSOLブルー47L
FASTUSOLブルー79L
FASTUSOLオレンジ49L
FASTUSOLオレンジ80LN
FASTUSOLオレンジPR268L
FASTUSOLレッド43LN
FASTUSOLレッド45L
FASTUSOLレッド50L
FASTUSOLレッド50L150%
FASTUSOLレッド51L
FASTUSOLレッド53L
FASTUSOLイエロー08L
FASTUSOLイエロー14L
FASTUSOLイエロー30L
FASTUSOLイエロー49L
FASTUSOLイエロー66L
FASTUSOLイエロー70L
FASTUSOLイエロー76LN
FASTUSOLCブルー49LS
FASTUSOLCブルー76L
NB70%
FASTUSOLCブルー77LS
FASTUSOLCブルー
PR929L200%
FASTUSOLCレッド32L
FASTUSOLCレッド61L
FASTUSOLCバイオレット04
25%
FASTUSOLCバイオレット92
FASTUSOLイエロー36LV
FASTUSOLCイエロー97L
(d)付加的着色剤、例えば
BASANTOLオレンジ273
BASANTOLレッド311
BASANTOLイエロー099
BASANTOLイエロー215
BASONYLイエロー105
BASONYLオレンジ204
BASONYLレッド482
BASONYLレッド482LOW−DUST
BASONYLレッド483
BASONYLレッド485
BASONYLレッド540
BASONYLレッド545Liquid
BASONYLレッド555Liquid
BASONYLレッド560
BASONYLバイオレット600
BASANYLバイオレット602Liquid
BASANYLバイオレット609Liquid
BASANYLバイオレット610
BASANYLブルー636
BASONYLブルー640
BASONYLブルー644Liquid
BASACIDイエロー094
BASACIDイエローNB132Liquid
BASACIDイエローNB216Liquid
BASACIDイエロー226
BASACIDイエローオレンジNB282Liquid
BASACIDレッド316
BASACIDレッドNB384Liquid
BASACIDレッドNB391Liquid
BASACIDレッドNB432Liquid150%
BASACIDレッド495Liquid
BASACIDレッドNB510Liquid
BASACIDブルー762Liquid。
SAPおよび着色剤のほかに本発明の消火組成物は不透明剤を含有する。不透明剤は着色剤の目で見る効果を改良するために含まれる。一部の着色剤および一部の用途において不透明剤のない組成物で処理された燃えやすい物体は特に空中から観察することがある程度困難である。不透明剤の存在は適用された消火組成物の可視性を改良する。本発明の消火組成物に含まれる不透明剤の量は燃えやすい物体に適用した後に消火組成物の可視性を改良する不透明組成物を生じるために十分な量である。
本発明の消火組成物の担体は水である。しかし少量、すなわち組成物の約10質量%まで、例えば約0.01〜約10質量%の有機溶剤が組成物の製造を容易にするために、または組成物の適用の容易さのような他の有利な特性を生じるために、場合により組成物に含まれていてもよい。有機溶剤は水溶性であり、例えばアルコール、ジオール、ポリオール、グリコールエーテルまたはこれらの混合物であってもよい。
本発明の消火組成物は当業者に知られた任意成分を含有することができる。それぞれの任意成分は存在する場合は組成物に不利に作用せずに意図する機能または防火剤、制御剤、遅延剤、または消火剤としてのその使用を実施するために十分な量で組成物に含まれる。典型的にそれぞれの任意成分は組成物の約10質量%までの量で存在し、全体として任意成分は組成物の約30質量%まで存在する。例えば組成物は1種以上の粘度改質剤、分散剤、pH調節剤、および界面活性剤を含有することができる。
水1000g、SAP(ポリアクリル酸カリウム、BASF社)5gおよびFASTUSOL(登録商標)レッド51L着色剤(BASF社)2gを混合することにより消火組成物を製造した。混合後、水酸化ナトリウムを使用して組成物のpH値を7に調節した。得られたヒドロゲル組成物を約12″×12″平方の厚紙ターゲットに噴霧し、引き続きターゲットを種々の距離から裸眼により、屋内および自然の屋外の光条件下で観察した。着色剤の量を種々の水準に調節し、透明なヒドロゲルの色の可視性を最適にするために、得られた組成物を付加的な厚紙ターゲットに適用した。この調節した試験で色の可視性はかなり近い距離で十分であった。しかし離れた距離の場合に(例えば空からの適用)または植物を平らでない表面に適用する場合に、この消火組成物は検出が困難であり、従って燃えやすい物体への組成物の均一で完全な適用を保証することが困難になることが決定された。
水1000g、SAP(BASF社)5g、FASTUSOl(登録商標)レッド51L着色剤(BASF社)2g、および不透明剤として炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)3gを混合することによりヒドロゲル消火組成物を製造した。混合後、水酸化ナトリウムを使用してヒドロゲルのpH値を7に調節した。得られたヒドロゲル組成物を約12″×12″平方の厚紙ターゲットに噴霧し、引き続きターゲットを裸眼により、種々の距離で、屋内および自然の屋外の光条件下で観察した。他の着色剤も可視性を評価した。着色剤およびCaCO3の量を種々の水準に調節し、色の可視性および不透明ヒドロゲルの不透明度を最適にするために、得られた組成物を付加的な厚紙および着色した紙のターゲットに適用した。例2の組成物の可視性は特にターゲットから離れた距離で例1の組成物の可視性より改良された。
例2に記載されるように消火組成物を製造し、組成物を暗緑色の紙、ビニール羽目板、シーダー材の振り出し器およびしっくいを含む種々のターゲット材料に噴霧した。処理されたターゲット材料を引き続き種々の距離から屋内および自然の屋外の光条件下で観察した。引き続きターゲット材料を自然の気候および直接的日光条件下に約7日間さらした。ターゲット材料に適用されたヒドロゲル組成物を乾燥の量および色の濃淡の程度に関して観察した。すべての暴露された領域はこの時間の間に透明な残留物に対して淡いオレンジに顕著に色あせた。前記ターゲットを引き続き新しい水道水および温和なこすり(すなわちスポンジまたは柔らかいたわし材料)を使用して部分的に洗浄した。ヒドロゲル組成物のすべての残留物はターゲット材料から容易に除去された。
着色剤約1.8mlおよび高分子ポリエチレンイミン(BASONAL(登録商標)ホワイトFO1、BASF社から入手できる)1.8mlを水990mlに添加し、引き続き均一になるまで攪拌することにより消火組成物を製造した。得られた混合物にポリアクリル酸ナトリウム約5.75gを添加し、引き続き攪拌して均一な組成物を生じた。別々の組成物に添加された3種の着色剤はFASTUSOL(登録商標)レッド51L、FASTUSOL(登録商標)オレンジ80LNおよびFASTUSOL(登録商標)イエロー76LNであった。高分子ポリエチレンイミンおよび着色剤を含まない比較例を製造した。
Claims (15)
- 火災を遅らせ、抑制し、または消火するために十分な量の消火組成物を燃えやすい物体に適用する工程を有する、燃えやすい物体を消費する火災を制御する方法であり、前記消火組成物が
(a)超吸収剤ポリマー0.01〜20質量%
(b)着色剤0.005〜10質量%
(c)炭酸カルシウム、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー、スチレン−ビニルピロリドンコポリマー、スチレン−ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル−コポリマー、アクリル酸ポリマー、ポリ酢酸ビニル、澱粉、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリビニルアルコール、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される付加的な不透明剤0.005〜10質量%および
(d)水
からなる火災を制御する方法。 - 不透明剤が炭酸カルシウムからなる請求項1記載の方法。
- 不透明剤がスチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー、スチレン−ビニルピロリドンコポリマー、スチレン−ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル−コポリマー、アクリル酸ポリマー、ポリ酢酸ビニル、澱粉、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリビニルアルコールまたはこれらの混合物のエマルジョンまたはラテックスからなる請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 不透明剤がポリエチレンイミンからなる請求項3記載の方法。
- 組成物が更に水溶性有機溶剤10質量%までを含有する請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 組成物が更に粘度改質剤、分散剤、pH改質剤、界面活性剤およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の任意成分を含有する請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 組成物が燃えやすい物体に色を付与する請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 組成物の適用後30日以内に燃えやすい物体に付与された色が実質的にあせる請求項7記載の方法。
- 燃えやすい物体に付与された色が、燃えやすい物体に適用された組成物を有する燃えやすい物体が組成物を適用しない燃えやすい物体から裸眼により区別される十分な強度を有する請求項7または8記載の方法。
- 地面用装置または空中用装置により組成物を適用する請求項1から9までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- (a)超吸収剤ポリマー0.1〜5質量%
(b)着色剤0.015〜2質量%
(c)炭酸カルシウム、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー、スチレン−ビニルピロリドンコポリマー、スチレン−ブタジエン−アクリロニトリル−コポリマー、アクリル酸ポリマー、ポリ酢酸ビニル、澱粉、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリビニルアルコール、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される付加的な不透明剤0.015〜2質量%および
(d)水
からなる消火組成物。 - 更に水溶性有機溶剤10質量%までを含有する請求項11記載の組成物。
- 更に粘度改質剤、分散剤、pH改質剤、界面活性剤およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される1種以上の任意成分を含有する請求項11または12記載の組成物。
- 着色剤および不透明剤が不透明剤0.5〜3部に対して着色剤1部の質量比で存在する請求項11から13までのいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 不透明剤および超吸収剤ポリマーが超吸収剤ポリマー2〜4部に対して不透明剤1部の質量比で存在する請求項11から14までのいずれか1項記載の組成物。
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2004
- 2004-07-03 PT PT04740604T patent/PT1651315E/pt unknown
- 2004-07-03 DE DE602004006276T patent/DE602004006276T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-03 AU AU2004262863A patent/AU2004262863B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-07-03 ES ES04740604T patent/ES2286642T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-03 US US10/563,629 patent/US7670513B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-03 CN CN2004800211632A patent/CN1826155B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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ES2286642T3 (es) | 2007-12-01 |
JP2006528498A (ja) | 2006-12-21 |
DE602004006276D1 (de) | 2007-06-14 |
ATE361124T1 (de) | 2007-05-15 |
AU2004262863B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
CN1826155A (zh) | 2006-08-30 |
DE602004006276T2 (de) | 2007-12-27 |
EP1651315A1 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
WO2005014115A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
PT1651315E (pt) | 2007-06-12 |
AU2004262863A1 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
EP1651315B1 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
US20060157668A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
CY1107705T1 (el) | 2013-03-13 |
CN1826155B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
US7670513B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 |
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