JP4590261B2 - 燃料電池における反応物質供給方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池における反応物質供給方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4590261B2 JP4590261B2 JP2004512223A JP2004512223A JP4590261B2 JP 4590261 B2 JP4590261 B2 JP 4590261B2 JP 2004512223 A JP2004512223 A JP 2004512223A JP 2004512223 A JP2004512223 A JP 2004512223A JP 4590261 B2 JP4590261 B2 JP 4590261B2
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 197
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 Oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002811 Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical group [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Description
Claims (7)
- 空気極(108、108')と、
前記空気極(108、108')に第1の酸化剤パルスを供給し、その第1の酸化剤パルスによる未消費酸化剤を前記空気極(108、108')から排除する、前記第1の酸化剤パルスとは異なる組成を有するバッファガスパルスを供給し、そのバッファガスパルスによって前記第1の酸化剤パルスによる前記未消費酸化剤が前記空気極(108、108')から排除された後に、第2の酸化剤パルスを供給する反応物質システム(114、114')とを含み、
前記酸化剤が酸素又は空気を含み、前記バッファガスが水蒸気、空気又は酸素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、燃料電池システム。 - 燃料極(106、106')と、
前記燃料極(106、106')に第1の燃料パルスを供給し、その第1の燃料パルスによる未消費燃料を前記燃料極(106、106')から排除するバッファガスパルスを供給し、そのバッファガスパルスによって前記第1の燃料パルスによる前記未消費燃料が前記燃料極(106、106')から排除された後に、第2の燃料パルスを供給する反応物質システム(112、112')とをさらに含み、
前記燃料が水素、炭化水素又は一酸化炭素を含み、前記バッファガスが水蒸気、空気又は酸素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 燃料極及び空気極と、
前記燃料極及び空気極に第1の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスを供給し、その第1の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスによる未消費の燃料と酸化剤の混合物を前記燃料極及び空気極から排除するバッファガスパルスを供給し、そのバッファガスパルスによって前記第1の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスによる前記未消費の燃料と酸化剤の混合物が前記燃料極及び空気極から排除された後に、第2の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスを供給する反応物質システムとを含み、
前記燃料が水素、炭化水素又は一酸化炭素を含み、前記酸化剤が酸素又は空気を含み、前記バッファガスが水蒸気、空気又は酸素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、燃料電池システム。 - 前記燃料極(106又は106')が、燃料入口と燃料出口を含む燃料通路(132又は132')に隣接して配置され、前記空気極(108又は108')が、酸化剤入口と酸化剤出口を含む酸化剤通路(140)に隣接して配置され、前記反応物質システム(112/114又は112'/114')が、各パルス後に前記入口と前記出口を閉じる請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 空気極(108、108')に第1の酸化剤パルスを供給するステップと、
前記第1の酸化剤パルスで供給された前記酸化剤の少なくとも一部分を消費するステップと、
前記空気極に第2の酸化剤パルスを供給する前に、前記空気極(108、108')から未消費酸化剤を第1の酸化剤パルスとは異なる組成を有するバッファガスによって除去するステップと、
前記空気極(108、108')に前記第2の酸化剤パルスを供給するステップと
を含む燃料電池の動作方法であって、
前記酸化剤が酸素又は空気を含み、前記バッファガスが水蒸気、空気又は酸素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、動作方法。 - 燃料極(106、106')に第1の燃料パルスを供給するステップと、
前記第1の燃料パルスで供給された前記燃料の少なくとも一部分を消費するステップと、
前記燃料極に第2の燃料パルスを供給する前に、前記燃料極(106、106')から未消費燃料をバッファガスによって除去するステップと、
前記燃料極(106、106')に前記第2の燃料パルスを供給するステップと
をさらに含む請求項5に記載の動作方法であって、
前記燃料が水素、炭化水素又は一酸化炭素を含み、前記バッファガスが水蒸気、空気又は酸素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、動作方法。 - 燃料極及び空気極に第1の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスを供給するステップと、
前記第1の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスで供給された前記燃料と酸化剤の混合物のうち少なくとも一部分を消費するステップと、
前記燃料極及び空気極に第2の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスを供給する前に、前記燃料極及び空気極から未消費の燃料と酸化剤の混合物をバッファガスパルスによって除去するステップと、
前記燃料極及び空気極に前記第2の燃料と酸化剤の混合物パルスを供給するステップと
を含む燃料電池の動作方法であって、
前記燃料が水素、炭化水素又は一酸化炭素を含み、前記酸化剤が酸素又は空気を含み、前記バッファガスが水蒸気、空気又は酸素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、動作方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/167,356 US7122257B2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2002-06-10 | Fuel cell reactant supply |
PCT/US2003/016720 WO2003105259A2 (en) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-05-27 | Fuel cell reactant supply |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005529469A JP2005529469A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
JP2005529469A5 JP2005529469A5 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
JP4590261B2 true JP4590261B2 (ja) | 2010-12-01 |
Family
ID=29710873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004512223A Expired - Fee Related JP4590261B2 (ja) | 2002-06-10 | 2003-05-27 | 燃料電池における反応物質供給方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7122257B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1547183A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4590261B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003231868A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI301682B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003105259A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3720024B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2005-11-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 電子機器システムおよび動作制御方法 |
US6979508B2 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-12-27 | Ener 1 Inc. | Fuel cell with integrated feedback control |
DE102005015660B4 (de) * | 2005-04-06 | 2013-03-28 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Niedertemperatur-Brennstoffzellenstapel sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben |
WO2007052633A1 (ja) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-10 | Kyocera Corporation | 燃料電池システム |
JP4780390B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-15 | 2011-09-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
JP2008159448A (ja) * | 2006-12-25 | 2008-07-10 | Shinko Electric Ind Co Ltd | 固体酸化物型燃料電池発電装置 |
CN100452515C (zh) * | 2007-04-27 | 2009-01-14 | 清华大学 | 极板流道分堆并接式电堆构成的直接甲醇燃料电池 |
US7964314B2 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2011-06-21 | Corning Incorporated | Segmented solid oxide fuel cell stack and methods for operation and use thereof |
EP2565970A1 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-06 | Belenos Clean Power Holding AG | Fuel cell system comprising an ejector for recirculating off-gas from a stack |
FR3036230A1 (fr) * | 2015-05-15 | 2016-11-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Pile a combustible a membrane d’echange de protons presentant une duree de vie accrue |
EP3685464A4 (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2021-08-11 | Phillips 66 Company | SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL STACK DESIGN |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE636538A (ja) | 1962-08-27 | |||
GB8418775D0 (en) | 1984-07-24 | 1984-08-30 | Queen Elizabeth College | Operation of microbial fuel cells |
WO1989006866A1 (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1989-07-27 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell generating apparatus and method of controlling the same |
US5260143A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1993-11-09 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
JP3658866B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-23 | 2005-06-08 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | 燃料電池発電装置 |
JPH1140178A (ja) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-02-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料電池および水素製造装置ならびにその運転方法 |
JP4552236B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-22 | 2010-09-29 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | 燃料電池装置 |
US6096448A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2000-08-01 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for operating an electrochemical fuel cell with periodic fuel starvation at the anode |
JPH11191423A (ja) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-13 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池の運転方法 |
US6210820B1 (en) | 1998-07-02 | 2001-04-03 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method for operating fuel cells on impure fuels |
US6093502A (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-07-25 | Plug Power Inc. | Fuel cell with selective pressure variation and dynamic inflection |
US6770394B2 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2004-08-03 | The Texas A&M University System | Fuel cell with monolithic flow field-bipolar plate assembly and method for making and cooling a fuel cell stack |
JP2002008691A (ja) * | 2000-06-16 | 2002-01-11 | Denso Corp | 燃料電池システム |
US6391485B1 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-05-21 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for purging a fuel cell system with coolant |
US6569549B1 (en) | 2000-11-02 | 2003-05-27 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method for increasing the operational efficiency of a fuel cell power plant |
JP4887561B2 (ja) | 2000-11-09 | 2012-02-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
CN1291516C (zh) | 2001-08-16 | 2006-12-20 | 亚太燃料电池科技股份有限公司 | 用于燃料电池的阳极气体循环系统 |
-
2002
- 2002-06-10 US US10/167,356 patent/US7122257B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-02-17 TW TW092103238A patent/TWI301682B/zh active
- 2003-05-27 AU AU2003231868A patent/AU2003231868A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-27 JP JP2004512223A patent/JP4590261B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-27 WO PCT/US2003/016720 patent/WO2003105259A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-05-27 EP EP03757290A patent/EP1547183A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI301682B (en) | 2008-10-01 |
JP2005529469A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
US20030228501A1 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
AU2003231868A8 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
WO2003105259A3 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
TW200308115A (en) | 2003-12-16 |
AU2003231868A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
WO2003105259A2 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
US7122257B2 (en) | 2006-10-17 |
EP1547183A2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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