JP4579543B2 - 防火用発泡組成物および方法 - Google Patents
防火用発泡組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4579543B2 JP4579543B2 JP2003559947A JP2003559947A JP4579543B2 JP 4579543 B2 JP4579543 B2 JP 4579543B2 JP 2003559947 A JP2003559947 A JP 2003559947A JP 2003559947 A JP2003559947 A JP 2003559947A JP 4579543 B2 JP4579543 B2 JP 4579543B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/38—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions wherein the mixing is effected both by the action of a fluid and by directly-acting driven mechanical means, e.g. stirring means ; Producing cellular concrete
- B28C5/381—Producing cellular concrete
- B28C5/386—Plants; Systems; Methods
- B28C5/388—Methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/16—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete
- B28C7/162—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete by means of conveyors, other than those comprising skips or containers, e.g. endless belts, screws, air under pressure
- B28C7/163—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete by means of conveyors, other than those comprising skips or containers, e.g. endless belts, screws, air under pressure using a pump
- B28C7/165—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete by means of conveyors, other than those comprising skips or containers, e.g. endless belts, screws, air under pressure using a pump using a fluid, e.g. gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
- B28C9/002—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Making slurries; Involving methodical aspects; Involving pretreatment of ingredients; Involving packaging
- B28C9/004—Making slurries, e.g. with discharging means for injecting in a well or projecting against a wall
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00525—Coating or impregnation materials for metallic surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00577—Coating or impregnation materials applied by spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/54—Substitutes for natural stone, artistic materials or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
さらに、高剪断発泡装置などを必要とせずに塗布場所で容易に調製でき、かつ塗布に際して卓越したイールドをもたらす、低密度、高イールド、ポンプ輸送適性、吹付け適性の防火組成物を調製することが望ましいであろう。
本発明のセメント質スラリーの調製に有用な適切な水硬結合剤には、ポルトランドセメント、アルミナセメント、ポゾランセメント(pozzolanic cement)、グナイト(gunite)、硫酸カルシウム2水和物(セッコウ、非水和および水和両方の焼セッコウ(Plaster of Paris))、およびその混合物が含まれ、セッコウが特に好ましい。ポルトランドセメントは、耐水性が重要な場合、または交通量が多く、より高密度(たとえば240.3〜480.6kg/m 3 (15〜30pcf)、より一般的には352.4〜416.5kg/m 3 (22〜26pcf))の被膜が望ましい地域で選択される結合剤として知られている。セッコウは高密度用途に使用できるが、通常は低密度(たとえば約80.1〜394.4kg/m 3 (5〜19pcf)、好ましくは約160.2〜240.3kg/m 3 (10〜15pcf))組成物に用いられる。好ましくは、結合剤は約10〜約98重量%、より好ましくは約90〜約95重量%の量で用いられる。好ましくは、水硬結合剤を微細に分割した乾燥粉末状で供給する。
すべての場合、表1に挙げた水以外のすべての材料を3分間乾式ブレンドして均一な混合物を得た。次いでこの混合物を標準的な櫂形撹拌機に添加し、水を添加した。この組み合わせを2分間混合した。生成したスラリーをローター/スターター式ポンプ(Putzmeister S−5)のポンプホッパーに注入した。次いでスラリーを他の位置へポンプ輸送し、ここでホース内のスラリーに空気を注入した。この空気注入により、スラリーは9.1m(30フィート)、1.90cm(3/4インチ)の発泡用ホース内でフォームに変化した。
”ショットクリート(shotcrete)”塗布(トンネルや鉱道の壁のシーリング)に用いるのに適した本発明のポンプ輸送および吹付けしたフォームの例においては、表1の配合物6に用いたスタッコおよび遅延剤の代わりに、ポルトランドセメントを追加する。配合物6に用いたセルロースおよびガラス繊維の代わりに、ショットクリート塗布に用いられる一般的な鋼繊維を用い、得られた配合物を前記実施例1〜6と同様に処理し、ただしアルミン酸ナトリウムを凝結促進剤として硫酸アルミニウムの代わりに用いる。
この例は、ポリビニルアルコールの支持体接着凝集増強特性を証明する。ポリビニルアルコールをセッコウベースの市販防火用製品(試料1)に添加した。用いた配合物を次表に示す。
Claims (22)
- 吹付け塗布に有効な安定化フォームの形成方法であって、
水硬結合剤、支持体へのフォームの接着および凝集を増強するのに有効な量で存在するポリビニルアルコールおよび凝結遅延剤を含む配合物を乾式混合し;
この乾燥混合物に十分な量の水を添加することによりポンプ輸送適性スラリーを調製し;
当該ポンプ輸送適性スラリーを、直径1.2cm〜2.54cm、長さ4.57m〜45.72mを有するホースへ搬送し;
当該ホースにガスを圧力262〜689kPa、流速45.9〜102m 3 /hrで導入して、当該ポンプ輸送適性スラリーを発泡させるのに十分な乱流を機械的にホース内で発生させてフォームを形成し;そして
当該フォームを前記ホースにより搬送し、当該ホースを出る前に当該フォームを定常状態に到達させる
ことを含む方法。 - さらに凝結促進剤をフォームに導入して、フォームの凝結を促進し、かつ得られるフォームを安定化することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 凝結促進剤が硫酸アルミニウムである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- フォームをゲル化させるのに十分な硫酸アルミニウムをフォームに添加する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 水硬結合剤が、ポルトランドセメント、セッコウ、およびポルトランドセメントとセッコウの組み合わせよりなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水硬結合剤が硫酸カルシウム半水和物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ポリビニルアルコールが粉末ポリビニルアルコールである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水硬結合剤が硫酸カルシウム半水和物であり、ポリビニルアルコールが粉末ポリビニルアルコールであり、さらに硫酸アルミニウムを前記ホース内でフォームに導入することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 硫酸カルシウム半水和物と粉末ポリビニルアルコールを乾燥状態で混和し、この硫酸カルシウム半水和物と粉末ポリビニルアルコールを混和したものに水を添加してスラリーを調製する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- さらに凝結遅延剤を硫酸カルシウム半水和物および粉末ポリビニルアルコールと混和することを含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- さらに、ホースに対比した膨張体積を規定する閉鎖容器にホース内のフォームを供給し、フォームを目的速度で閉鎖容器から押し出すように閉鎖容器内の圧力を制御することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- フォームを閉鎖容器から残りの長さのホース内へ押し出す、請求項11に記載の方法。
- ガスが空気である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 生じるフォームをホースにより搬送するのに十分なガスをスラリーに導入する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 支持体が、下塗した鋼および下塗しない鋼よりなる群から選択される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の形成方法により得られるフォームを支持体に吹付け塗布し、支持体上で硬化させることを含む方法。
- 水硬結合剤、支持体へのフォームの接着および凝集を増強するのに有効な量で存在するポリビニルアルコールおよび凝結遅延剤を含む配合物に水を添加して形成されるポンプ輸送適性スラリーを含有する、直径1.2cm〜2.54cm、長さ4.57m〜45.72mのホースにガスを圧力262〜689kPa、流速45.9〜102m 3 /hrで導入することによって機械的乱流を付与してスラリーを発泡させ、当該ホースを出る前に定常状態に到達させることによって形成される、鋼製支持体に吹付け塗布後に当該支持体に接着する凝結性フォーム。
- ポリビニルアルコールが粉末ポリビニルアルコールである、請求項17に記載の凝結性フォーム。
- 水硬結合剤がスタッコである、請求項17又は18に記載の凝結性フォーム。
- 乾燥混合物がさらに炭酸カルシウムを含む、請求項17又は18に記載の凝結性フォーム。
- 乾燥混合物がさらにα−オレフィンスルフェートを含む、請求項17又は18に記載の凝結性フォーム。
- 乾燥混合物がさらにガラス繊維およびセルロース繊維を含む、請求項17又は18に記載の凝結性フォーム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/044,547 US6780230B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2002-01-11 | Foamed fireproofing composition and method |
US10/305,991 US6699915B2 (en) | 2001-09-03 | 2002-11-27 | Foamed fireproofing composition and method |
PCT/US2003/000442 WO2003059838A1 (en) | 2002-01-11 | 2003-01-08 | Foamed fireproofing composition and method |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2005522392A JP2005522392A (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
JP4579543B2 true JP4579543B2 (ja) | 2010-11-10 |
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JP2003559947A Expired - Fee Related JP4579543B2 (ja) | 2002-01-11 | 2003-01-08 | 防火用発泡組成物および方法 |
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US (2) | US6699915B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1472196A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4579543B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100522858C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003202920A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2470507A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003059838A1 (ja) |
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-
2002
- 2002-11-27 US US10/305,991 patent/US6699915B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-01-08 AU AU2003202920A patent/AU2003202920A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2003-01-08 CN CNB038021595A patent/CN100522858C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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AU2003202920A1 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
JP2005522392A (ja) | 2005-07-28 |
US20030125404A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
CA2470507A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
CN100522858C (zh) | 2009-08-05 |
US7427321B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 |
EP1472196A1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
US6699915B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
CN1615281A (zh) | 2005-05-11 |
EP1472196A4 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
US20040061098A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
WO2003059838A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
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