JP4571022B2 - 溶接ポリイミド中間転写ベルトおよび該ベルトの製造方法 - Google Patents
溶接ポリイミド中間転写ベルトおよび該ベルトの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4571022B2 JP4571022B2 JP2005185347A JP2005185347A JP4571022B2 JP 4571022 B2 JP4571022 B2 JP 4571022B2 JP 2005185347 A JP2005185347 A JP 2005185347A JP 2005185347 A JP2005185347 A JP 2005185347A JP 4571022 B2 JP4571022 B2 JP 4571022B2
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- belt
- intermediate transfer
- polyaniline
- polyimide
- weld
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
- B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
- B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
- B29C66/4324—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making closed loops, e.g. belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/14—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
- G03G15/16—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
- G03G15/1605—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support
- G03G15/162—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support details of the the intermediate support, e.g. chemical composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
- B29C65/7847—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73117—Tg, i.e. glass transition temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
- B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
- B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
- B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/9517—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration amplitude values or ranges
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- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
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Description
トナー像を像形成部材と中間転写部材間の電位によって静電的に転写する静電写真プリンティング装置においては、中間転写部材へのトナー粒子の転写およびその保持は、像受入れ基体に最終的に転写した像が高解像力を有するように、できる限り完全でなければならない。実質的に100%のトナー転写は、像を含むトナー粒子の殆どまたは全部が転写され且つ残留トナーが像が転写された表面上に殆ど残らないときに生ずる。
より小さい円周状中間転写部材が押出加工または回転成形によって製造されている。しかしながら、押出加工および回転成形は、大きめの円周を必要とするベルトにおいてはコスト効率的ではない。大きめの円周ベルトは、カラー直列エンジンアーキテクチャ装置において必要である。
本発明のもう1つの実施態様は、主として少なくとも1種のポリイミドポリマーを含む中間転写ベルトの溶接方法であって、未継ぎ合せポリイミドベルトの2つの末端部分を超音波溶接用ホーンの近くに取付け;上記超音波溶接用ホーンを移動させて上記末端部分の少なくとも1つと物理的に接触させ;そして、上記超音波ホーンにより十分なエネルギーを与えて上記末端部分の少なくとも1部内の温度をポリイミドポリマーのガラス転移温度よりも高く上昇させることを特徴とする。
本発明をより一層理解するためには、添付図面を参照し得る。
上記中間転写部材は、溶接可能であり、パズルカットシームの存在を必要としない。代りに、上記ポリアニリン充填ポリイミドベルトのシームは、溶接可能である。また、上記溶接可能なポリアニリン充填ポリイミドベルトは、状態調節工程を必要とせず、超音波溶接してポリアニリン充填ポリイミド材料自体と同等にまたはそれ以上に強いシームを形成させ得る。ポリアニリン充填ポリイミド配合物は、室内の温度および湿度において数時間以内で十分に状態調節する。従って、高温および高湿度状態調節を必要としない。また、ポリアニリン充填ポリイミドロール全体を自動化超音波溶接シーム製造ラインのような自動化製造装置中に搭載し得る。従って、溶接可能なポリアニリン充填ポリイミドベルトは、伝統的なパズルカット継ぎ合せポリイミドベルトおよび他の継ぎ合せ方法よりもはるかに低コストで製造し得る。本発明者等は、ポリアニリンの割合を変えることにより、シートの抵抗率を調整し、現在の中間転写ベルト特性に合致させ或いは将来の中間転写ベルトにおける要件を満たし得ることを見出した。さらに、本発明者等は、ポリアニリンの平均粒度を変化させることが材料表面の粗面性を変えることも見出した。
さらに、本発明の溶接可能なポリアニリン充填ポリイミドベルトは、カーボンブラックおよび他の充填剤使用の必要性を有しないが、各実施態様において、カーボンブラックまたは他の充填剤を添加してもよい。
トナー粒子を上記光導電性表面上に像形状に付着させた後、トナー粒子を、コピーシート16に、加圧転写または静電転写であり得る転写手段15により転写する。
図2のマルチ像形成システムにおいては、転写する各像を上記像形成ドラム上に像形成ステーション13で形成させる。その後、これらの象の各々を、現像剤ステーション14で現像し、中間転写部材15に転写する。象の各々は、感光体ドラム10上で形成させ、順次現像し、その後、中間転写部材15に転写してもよい。別法においては、各像を感光体ドラム10上に形成させ、現像し、中間転写部材15に見当に合せて転写してもよい。本発明の好ましい実施態様においては、上記マルチ像形成システムは、カラーコピーシステムである。このカラーコピーシステムにおいては、コピーする各々のカラー像を感光体ドラム10上に形成させる。各カラー像を現像し、中間転写部材15に転写する。別法においては、各カラー像を感光体ドラム10上に形成させ、現像し、中間転写部材15に見当に合せて転写してもよい。
感光体ドラム10の反対側に位置したバイアス転写ロール9は、感光体ドラム10の表面よりも高電圧を有する。バイアス転写ロール9は、中間転写部材15の裏面6を正電荷により荷電している。本発明の別の実施態様においては、コロナまたは任意の他の荷電メカニズムを使用して中間転写部材15の裏面6を荷電し得る。
負荷電トナー粒子3は、中間転写部材15の前面5に、中間転写部材15の裏面6上の正電荷1によって引付けられる。
トナー潜像を感光体ドラム10から中間転写部材15へ転写した後、該中間転写部材は、加熱および加圧下に、紙のような像受け入れ基体に接触させ得る。その後、中間転写部材15上のトナー像を、像形状で、紙のような基体に転写し定着させる。
図3は、本発明の1つの実施態様に従う1つの例の中間転写部材15の断面図を示し、基体30を描いている。ポリアニリン充填剤31は、ポリイミド材料中の分散相内に存在するように示している。中間転写部材15は、図3に示すような単一層(基体がポリアニリン充填ポリイミドを含む)であり得、或いは約2〜約5層のポリアニリン充填ポリイミド材料からの複数層であり得る。
上記熱可塑性ポリイミドは、上記ポリアニリン充填ポリイミド基体中に、総固形分の約75〜約98質量%、約86〜約95質量%、または約90〜92質量%の量で存在する。総固形分は、層中で合計質量パーセント(100%に等しい)のポリイミド、ポリアニリン、任意の追加の充填剤および任意の添加剤を含む。ポリアニリンは、ポリイミド中で、約2〜約25%、約5〜約14%、または約8〜約10%の量で存在する。
各実施態様において、ポリアニリン以外の追加の充填剤を使用し得るが、必須ではない。各実施態様において、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、フッ素化カーボンブラックまたは他の炭素充填剤のような炭素充填剤を使用し得る。上記ポリアニリン充填ポリイミド溶接可能基体中のカーボンブラック充填剤の量は、総固形分の約1〜約20質量%、約2〜約10質量%、または約3〜約5質量%である。
可撓性接合ポリイミドベルトを、101.6μm(4ミル)厚のKAPTONR KJ、即ち、6.2×10-5/℃の熱収縮係数、210℃のガラス転移温度(Tg)を有する熱可塑性ポリイミド(E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company社から入手可能)の長方形切断シートを使用し、2つの相対する末端を重ね合せ、40 KHzの周波数を使用して超音波溶接して継ぎ合せ可撓性ポリイミドベルトとすることによって製造した。このポリイミドの分子構造は、下記の式(I)で示される:
もう1つの可撓性ポリイミド接合ベルトを実施例1に記載した継ぎ合せ溶接手順に従って製造したが、別の101.6μm(4ミル)厚熱可塑性ポリイミド、即ち、6.1×10-5/℃の熱収縮係数、230℃のガラス転移温度(Tg)を有するIMIDEXR (West Lake Plastics Company社から入手可能)を基体として使用した。IMIDEXRポリイミドの分子構造は、下記の式(II)で示される:
DuPont社から入手し得るKAPTONR F、HおよびRタイプ、並びにUbe Industries社から入手し得るUPILEXR RおよびSのような商業的に入手可能なポリイミド類は、熱硬化性ポリイミドであり、400℃を越える優れた温度安定性を有する。これらの熱硬化性ポリイミド基体の分子構造は、下記の式(III)、(IV)および(V)で示される:
約1.7×10-5/℃〜約2.5×10-5/℃の熱収縮係数によれば、この熱収縮係数は、KAPTONR KJまたはIMIDEXRの熱収縮係数よりもほぼ3.5倍高い。上記ポリイミド類は、熱硬化性プラスチックであり、従って、これらは、都合よく超音波溶接して継ぎ合せ可撓性ベルトとすることはできない。
溶接可能中間転写ベルトを以下のようにして製造した。サンプルを幅362mm×長さ2111.8mmのサイズに切断した。各末端を1ミリメートルまで重ね合せ、超音波ホーンを使用して材料をスチール溶接用プラテンに対して押圧させ、重ね合せ領域内の材料を溶融させ、シームを形成させた。得られたベルトは、幅362mm、円周で2,110.8であった。この中間転写ベルトは、91%のKAPTONR KJと9%のポリアニリンを含んでいた。ポリアニリンは、1.7ミクロンの粒度を有していた。
溶接可能中間転写ベルトの状態調節試験を以下のようにして行った。図4は、状態調節に供した状態調節されていない溶接可能な中間転写ベルトが前以って状態調節したパズルカットポリアニリン充填剤ポリイミドベルトと同様な抵抗率応答を有していることを実証している。状態調節工程は不可逆的な化学反応を完了させるので、ベルトが一旦状態調節されると、如何なる追加の状態調節も永続的な効果を有さない。即ち、状態調節されていないベルトが状態調節されたベルトと同様に挙動するならば、その場合、状態調節は不必要であると言う結論に至り得る。白三角および黒三角で示しているように、実施例4の前以って状態調節されたパズルカットポリアニリン充填ポリイミドベルトは、白四角および黒四角で示された溶接可能材料と同じ形で挙動している。
2 電荷
3 荷電トナー粒子
5 中間転写部材の前面
6 中間転写部材の裏面
9 転写ロール
10 感光体(または、感光体ドラム)
11 動力源
12 荷電器
13 光学装置または像入力装置
14 現像剤ステーション
15 転写手段、中間転写部材
16 コピーシート
17 クリーニングステーション
19 融合ステーション
20 融合用部材
21 加圧用部材
22 ブレード
30 基体
31 ポリアニリン充填剤
32 ルール
33 ベルト
34 溶接シーム
35 ベルト末端領域
36 ベルト末端領域
37 超音波溶接用ホーン
38 バイアス圧力
39 溶接間隔
40 水平着地領域
41 支持プラテン
45 末端領域
46 末端領域
47 マイターカット線
51 溶接シーム厚
52 溶接段差
61 溶接シーム厚
62 溶接段差
Claims (3)
- 中間転写ベルトであって、総固形分の2〜25質量%の量のポリアニリンと総固形分の75〜98質量%の量の熱可塑性ポリイミドとを含む均質組成物を含むベルト基体と、非インターロック式の溶接シームとを含み、該ポリアニリンが0.5〜5.0ミクロンの粒度を有する中間転写ベルト。
- 総固形分の2〜25質量%の量のポリアニリンと総固形分の75〜98質量%の量の熱可塑性ポリイミドとを含む均質組成物を含む中間転写ベルトの溶接方法であって、ここで該ポリアニリンが0.5〜5.0ミクロンの粒度を有し、未継ぎ合せポリイミドベルトの2つの非インターロック式の末端部分を超音波溶接用ホーンの近くに取付け;上記超音波溶接用ホーンを移動させて上記末端部分の少なくとも1つと物理的に接触させ;そして、上記超音波ホーンにより十分なエネルギーを与えて上記末端部分の少なくとも1部内の温度をポリアニリン充填ポリイミドポリマーのガラス転移温度よりも高く上昇させて、非インターロック式の溶接シームを形成させることを含む、方法。
- 静電潜像を受入れるための電荷保持性表面;トナーを上記電荷保持性表面に塗布して上記静電潜像を現像し且つ現像を上記電荷保持性表面上に形成させる現像コンポーネント;総固形分の2〜25質量%の量のポリアニリンと総固形分の75〜98質量%の量の熱可塑性ポリイミドとを含む均質組成物を含み、ここで該ポリアニリンが0.5〜5.0ミクロンの粒度を有しているベルト基体と、非インターロック式の溶接シームとを含む中間転写ベルト;および定着用コンポーネントを含む記録用媒体上への像形成用装置。
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JP2001066907A (ja) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-03-16 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 画像形成装置 |
JP2001347384A (ja) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-18 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 薄膜溶接装置、薄膜溶接方法、溶接薄膜ベルト、溶接薄膜ベルトを使用した画像形成装置 |
JP2002351176A (ja) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-12-04 | Xerox Corp | インターロック式の接合部材間に、ホットメルト処理可能な熱硬化性樹脂および導電性カーボンフィラーを用いた接着剤を含有した、像形成可能な継ぎ目付きベルト |
JP2004004517A (ja) * | 2002-01-07 | 2004-01-08 | Xerox Corp | 簡素化した可撓性の静電図形結像部材 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5606396A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1997-02-25 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging process using flexible electrostatographic imaging member |
US6558767B2 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2003-05-06 | Xerox Corporation | Imageable seamed belts having polyvinylbutyral and isocyanate outer layer |
-
2004
- 2004-07-02 US US10/884,289 patent/US7139519B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2005
- 2005-06-24 JP JP2005185347A patent/JP4571022B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06130835A (ja) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-05-13 | Xerox Corp | 静電写真システムの中間転写部材 |
JPH0899737A (ja) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-04-16 | Xerox Corp | 可撓性無端継目ベルト |
JP2001066907A (ja) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-03-16 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 画像形成装置 |
JP2001347384A (ja) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-18 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 薄膜溶接装置、薄膜溶接方法、溶接薄膜ベルト、溶接薄膜ベルトを使用した画像形成装置 |
JP2002351176A (ja) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-12-04 | Xerox Corp | インターロック式の接合部材間に、ホットメルト処理可能な熱硬化性樹脂および導電性カーボンフィラーを用いた接着剤を含有した、像形成可能な継ぎ目付きベルト |
JP2004004517A (ja) * | 2002-01-07 | 2004-01-08 | Xerox Corp | 簡素化した可撓性の静電図形結像部材 |
Also Published As
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US20060002746A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
BRPI0502478A (pt) | 2006-02-14 |
US7139519B2 (en) | 2006-11-21 |
JP2006018272A (ja) | 2006-01-19 |
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