JP4537039B2 - 複合物品を作製するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
複合物品を作製するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4537039B2 JP4537039B2 JP2003386831A JP2003386831A JP4537039B2 JP 4537039 B2 JP4537039 B2 JP 4537039B2 JP 2003386831 A JP2003386831 A JP 2003386831A JP 2003386831 A JP2003386831 A JP 2003386831A JP 4537039 B2 JP4537039 B2 JP 4537039B2
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
この発明は一般に、複合材料から物品を作製するための装置および方法に関する。
一部または全体が複合材料から形成される物品(以降、「複合物品」と称する)は、通常、比較的軽量および比較的強度が高いなどの所望の特性を完成物品に与えるために幅広い分野で用いられている。複合物品を作製する1つの方法は、グラファイトテープまたはグラファイト布などの複合材料の帯を使用して、当該技術分野で複合「レイアップ(lay-up)」として知られるものを形成することを含む。レイアップは1つまたは複数の層を含み、各層は材料の帯を接触および/または重ねることで形成される。材料に含浸される(プリプレグ)か、または後に材料の1つまたは複数の層に注入され得る樹脂は、材料の帯が互いに結合するように後に処理され、レイアップを硬化させる。典型的には、レイアップは、完成複合物品の所望の幾何学的形状に沿った成形ワーク面を有するマンドレル上に形成される。レイアップは比較的柔軟であり、硬化する前はそれ自身を支えられないため、通常、マンドレルが用いられて硬化プロセス中にレイアップを支える。
この発明は、複合物品を作製するための装置を提供する。この装置は、ワーク基準面を規定する構造物と、この構造物に対して可動である複数の材料ディスペンサ(材料分配装置)とを含み、材料ディスペンサの各々は、予め定められた軸に沿ってワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用する(宛がう、または供給する)。予め定められた軸は互いに平行であり、帯状材料がワーク基準面に適用される(宛がわれる、または供給される)とき、材料の帯
は複合物品の層を形成する。
図1を参照すると、この発明の教示に従って構成された複合材料作製装置が参照番号12で示される。図示の特定の実施例では、複合材料作製装置12は、ワーク基準面(すなわち、ワーク面)16を有する構造物14を含む。複合材料作製装置12はワーク基準面16上方に持ち上げられたガントリー18を有する。与えられる例では、ガントリー18は、2つの垂直ビーム20およびブリッジレール22を含む。しかしながら、当業者には、ガントリー18は、ブリッジレール22の対向する端部を支持するオーバーヘッドステージまたはビームの対(図示せず)を含む、他のさまざまな方法で構成可能であることが理解されるであろう。
組込むことによって実現されることが好ましい。したがって、与えられる例では、構造物14のワーク基準面16は、回転ターンテーブル80を回転させることによって位置付けが変わり得る。またはこれに代えて、支持ベース34の位置を固定し、ガントリー18が動かされてもよく(たとえば、回転される)、または、後述するように、ブリッジレール22の動きは、材料をワーク基準面16に並べる位置付けを変えるためにX軸およびY軸の両方に沿って回転され、制御されてもよい。
望ましくない詰りを防ぐため裏紙92を有する。帯状材料62は、ワーク基準面16に適用される放出区域94に近づく前に切断される。
を取換えることが好ましい。ガントリー18は、端部軌道32の隣にくるように前方端部28または後方端部30に動かされる。材料切換機40は端部軌道32に沿って横向きに動くため、保守を必要とする個々の材料ディスペンサ36に近づく。このような材料ディスペンサ36は、帯状材料62の量が少ないことを示す材料ディスペンサ36自身からの出力信号に基づいて選択するか、または、形成されている複合レイアップ内の帯状材料62を切換えるために自動または手動で選択してもよい。材料切換機40は、使用済みまたは使用中の材料ディスペンサ36を位置付けるための受取区域54を有する。材料切換機40は取換区域56も有し、材料ディスペンサ36に位置付けることができるように材料ディスペンサ36を保管する。
る。このことは、構造物14およびそのワーク基準面16がワーク領域26全体と比較して比較的小さく、かつガントリー18が、構造物14の前方の開始位置または開始点81から、構造物14の端部の終了位置または終了地点83へ軌道24に沿って部分的に移動する必要しかない場合に有利である。ガントリー18を軌道24に沿って部分的に並進運動させることによって、予め定められた軸に沿ってワーク基準面16に帯状材料62を素早く適用することが容易となる。
層82を形成する帯状材料62の方向付けは、帯状材料62の層82の間で選択的に切換えることができる。単一の強化繊維方向を有する複合強化材料(たとえば、一軸のテープ)は、異方性の特性を示す。これは、それらの材料が一般に強化繊維の第1の軸に沿って比較的高い強度を示すが、他の軸に沿って同じ強度は示さないことを意味する。したがって、帯状材料の選択、および複合強化材料が使用される用途によって、複合材料は、いくつかの予め定められた軸に対して複数の方向で等方的または均一の強度を示す必要があり得る。上述のように、複数の材料の層がワーク基準面16に並べられるとき、それらは一般に「レイアップ」と称される。支持ベース34が材料の層82の間で回転されるとき、図6に示される複合材料のように、レイアップは異なる方向付けを有する。
に第2の支持ベース140にアクセスすることができる。この構成は、構造物124(たとえば、移送シートまたはレイアップマンドレル自身)にレイアップが適用されており、別のステーションに移動して、さらに処理しなければならない場合に特に有利である。
Claims (41)
- 複合物品を作製するための装置であって、
ワーク基準面を規定する構造物と、
前記構造物に対して可動な複数の材料ディスペンサとを含み、前記材料ディスペンサの各々は、ある予め定められた軸に沿って前記ワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用し、
前記予め定められた軸の各々は互いに平行であり、前記帯状材料は、前記ワーク基準面に適用されるときに単一の複合物品の一体的な平面層を形成し、
前記複数の材料ディスペンサは、少なくとも1の第1材料ディスペンサと、それと同じワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用する、該第1材料ディスペンサと離隔した少なくとも1の第2材料ディスペンサを含み、
前記第2材料ディスペンサだけは、前記第1材料ディスペンサが帯状材料を前記ワーク基準面に適用する方向と逆方向に帯状材料を前記基準面に適用し、
前記第1材料ディスペンサは、前記第2材料ディスペンサが非活動的である間は、第1方向に前記帯状材料を前記ワーク基準面に適用し、
前記第2材料ディスペンサは、前記第1材料ディスペンサが非活動的である間は、第2方向に帯状材料を前記ワーク基準面に適用する、複合物品を作製するための装置。 - 支持ベースをさらに含み、前記構造物は前記支持ベース上に載置される、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサの下に、少なくとも2つの構造物が配置される、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記構造物は、レイアップマンドレルである、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記構造物は、移送シートである、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- ガントリーをさらに含み、前記複数の材料ディスペンサは前記ガントリーに取付けられる、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記ガントリーは、前記複数の材料ディスペンサを回転させるための回転機構を含む、請求項6に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- ガントリーをさらに含み、前記複数の材料ディスペンサは前記ガントリーに取付けられ、前記第1の材料ディスペンサは、前記ガントリーの第1の側に取付けられ、前記第2の材料ディスペンサは、前記ガントリーの第2の側に取付けられる、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサは、すばやく解除される接続によって前記ガントリーに取付けられる、請求項8に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記ガントリーおよび前記構造物のうちの一方は、前記ガントリーおよび前記構造物のうちの他方に対して回転可能である、請求項6に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記支持ベースは回転ターンテーブルを含む、請求項2に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記帯状材料は、繊維強化複合材料、ポリマー、接着剤、金属およびそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択される材料を含む、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記繊維強化複合材料は、樹脂含浸複合材料および非含浸複合材料からなるグループから選択される材料を含む、請求項12に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記繊維強化材料は、炭素を含む繊維、ケブラー(R)繊維、ガラス、およびそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択される繊維を含む、請求項12に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記帯状材料は、テープ、織布、不織布、紙およびそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択される繊維強化複合材料を含む、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサの帯状材料を取換えるための自動帯状材料取換システムをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記帯状材料取換システムは、可動モジュラ帯状材料切換機を含む、請求項16に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサの前記各々は、前記ワーク基準面に沿って前記帯状材料を円滑にするために動作可能な引込み式のコンパクタを含む、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記引込み式のコンパクタは、前記ワーク基準面上の外形を付けられた表面に対して回転の自由度を有し、前記引込み式のコンパクタは、前記外形を付けられた表面上で前記ワーク基準面に沿って帯状材料を円滑にする、請求項18に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 複合物品を作製するための装置であって、
ワーク領域内の複数の構造物に帯状材料を適用するために動作可能な複数の材料ディスペンサを含み、前記複数の材料ディスペンサは前記複数の構造物に対して可動であり、
前記構造物のうちの少なくとも1つは前記ワーク領域の活動領域にあり、前記複数の材料ディスペンサは前記活動領域に前記帯状材料を適用して、単一の複合物の一体的な平面層を形成し、前記構造物のうちの少なくとも1つは前記ワーク領域内の非活動領域にあり、前記複数の材料ディスペンサは前記非活動領域に帯状材料を適用せず、
前記複数の材料ディスペンサは、少なくとも1の第1材料ディスペンサと、それと同じワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用する、第1材料ディスペンサから離隔した少なくとも1の第2材料ディスペンサとを含み、
第2材料ディスペンサだけが、前記第1材料ディスペンサが前記ワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用する方向と逆方向に帯状材料を前記ワーク基準面に適用し、
前記第1材料ディスペンサは、前記第2材料ディスペンサが非活動的である間は第1方向に帯状材料を前記ワーク基準面に適用し、前記第2材料ディスペンサは、前記第1材料ディスペンサが非活動的である間は第2方向に帯状材料を前記ワーク基準面に適用する、複合物品を作製するための装置。 - 前記構造物は、レイアップマンドレルである、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記構造物は、移送シートである、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサは、ガントリーに取付けられる、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記ガントリーは、前記複数の構造物に対して回転可能である、請求項23に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の構造物は、複数の支持ベース上にある、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の支持ベースは、前記複数の前記材料ディスペンサに対して可動である、請求項25に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の支持ベースは、回転ターンテーブルを含む、請求項25に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサ内の前記帯状材料は、自動取換システムによって取換えられる、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記自動取換システムは、可動モジュラ帯状材料切換機を含む、請求項28に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記帯状材料は、繊維強化複合材料、ポリマー、接着剤、金属、およびそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択される材料を含む、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記帯状材料は、テープ、織布、不織布、紙、およびそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択される繊維強化複合材料を含む、請求項20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記繊維強化複合材料は、樹脂含浸複合材料および樹脂非含浸複合材料からなるグループから選択される、請求項31に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記繊維強化材料は、炭素を含む繊維、ケブラー(R)繊維、ガラスおよびそれらの混合物からなるグループから選択される繊維を含む、請求項31に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記各材料ディスペンサは、帯状材料のオンボード供給を含む、請求項1に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記各材料ディスペンサは、ハウジング、該ハウジング内のスプール、および、該スプール上に巻かれた帯状材料を含む、請求項34に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記各材料ディスペンサは、ハウジング、該ハウジング内のカートリッジ、および、該カートリッジ内の帯状材料を含む、請求項34に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- カートリッジ搭載オンボードの外部に材料ディスペンサを切り替えるために動作可能な少なくとも1つの自動材料切換機を備える、請求項36に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 材料ディスペンサを切り換えるために動作可能な少なくとも1つの自動材料切換機を備える、請求項34に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記材料ディスペンサは、前記ワーク基準面に材料を同時に平行な複数の帯状に適用するために動作可能であり、それにより、前記複合物品の層を形成する、請求項34に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記複数の材料ディスペンサは、共に並進的に可動なガントリーに取り付けられ、前記複数の材料ディスペンサは、前記ガントリーのアウトストローク中に、第1方向に前記ワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用する第1材料ディスペンサと、前記ガントリーの戻りストローク中に、第2方向に前記ワーク基準面に帯状材料を適用する第2材料ディスペンサとを含み、前記第2方向は前記第1方向と逆向きである、請求項1又は34に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
- 前記第1材料ディスペンサは、第1方向に帯状材料の第1層を適用し、離隔した第2材料ディスペンサは、第1方向から第2方向に移行する1回の往復で、帯状材料の第1層上に、第2方向に帯状材料の第2層を適用する、請求項1又は20に記載の複合物品を作製するための装置。
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Also Published As
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US7137182B2 (en) | 2006-11-21 |
EP1422048A3 (en) | 2004-07-28 |
US20040098852A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
US8578995B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
US20060042066A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
EP1422048B1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
JP2004175116A (ja) | 2004-06-24 |
EP1422048A2 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
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