JP4522749B2 - Gas balance measuring device - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、植物体の光合成、呼吸及び蒸散や土壌呼吸等に伴うターゲットガスの収支を測定するガス収支測定装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a gas balance measuring apparatus for measuring a balance of a target gas accompanying plant photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration, soil respiration, and the like.
従来、植物体の葉の光合成、呼吸及び蒸散に伴うターゲットガスの収支や、植物根の呼吸や土壌中の微生物の呼吸等からなる土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支を測定する装置として、同化箱法（チャンバー法）を用いたガス収支測定装置がある。ターゲットガスは、植物体の光合成、呼吸及び蒸散又は土壌呼吸に伴って、植物体又は土壌に吸収される気体、或いは植物体又は土壌から放出される気体であり、炭酸ガス、酸素、水蒸気、酸化窒素、メタンなどが代表的である。 Conventionally, assimilation boxes are used to measure the balance of target gas associated with photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration of plant leaves, and the balance of target gas associated with soil respiration, including respiration of plant roots and respiration of microorganisms in the soil. There is a gas balance measuring device using a method (chamber method). The target gas is a gas absorbed by the plant body or soil, or a gas released from the plant body or soil in association with photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration of the plant body, or soil respiration. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapor, oxidation Nitrogen, methane, etc. are typical.
植物体の光合成呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定に使用される従来のガス収支測定装置は、測定対象である植物体の多数の葉のうち一枚の葉を格納する同化箱を有し、同化箱に空気を通気して同化箱の出入口における空気中のターゲットガスの濃度測定を行なうものである。このガス収支測定装置の測定結果から求められる同化箱の出入口におけるターゲットガスの収支（濃度差）を、空気が同化箱を通過するのに要する時間と同化箱に格納した一枚の葉の面積で割ることにより、１枚の葉の単位面積当りの光合成呼吸速度が求められる。この単位面積当りの光合成呼吸速度に測定対象である植物体全体の葉面積を掛けることにより、測定対象である植物体の光合成呼吸速度が求められる。なお、植物体の蒸散速度は、同化箱の出入口における空気中の水蒸気の収支（湿度差又は水蒸気の濃度差）から求められる。このようなガス収支測定装置としては、例えば特許文献１（特開平５−７９９８０号公報）や非特許文献１（ｐ．１１１−１１４参照）に開示されたものがある。 A conventional gas balance measuring device used for measuring the balance of target gas due to photosynthetic respiration of a plant body has an assimilation box that stores one leaf among many leaves of the plant body to be measured. The air is vented to the box, and the concentration of the target gas in the air at the entrance / exit of the assimilation box is measured. The target gas balance (concentration difference) at the entrance / exit of the assimilation box, which is obtained from the measurement results of this gas balance measuring device, is calculated by the time required for air to pass through the assimilation box and the area of one leaf stored in the assimilation box. By dividing, the photosynthetic respiration rate per unit area of one leaf is obtained. By multiplying the photosynthetic respiration rate per unit area by the leaf area of the whole plant to be measured, the photosynthetic respiration rate of the plant to be measured is obtained. In addition, the transpiration rate of a plant body is calculated | required from the balance (humidity difference or water vapor | steam density | concentration difference) of the water vapor | steam in the air in the entrance / exit of an assimilation box. Examples of such a gas balance measuring device include those disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-79980) and Non-Patent Document 1 (see pages 111-114).
他方、土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定に使用される従来のガス収支測定装置には、閉鎖式と開放式の２種類がある。閉鎖式のガス収支測定装置は、測定対象である土壌表面に同化箱を被せて密閉空間を形成し、同化箱内のターゲットガス（例えば炭酸ガスや酸化窒素ガスなど）の濃度測定を行なうものである。閉鎖式のガス収支測定装置を使用した場合は、その測定値の経時変化に基づいて土壌呼吸速度が求められる。他方、開放式のガス収支測定装置は、測定対象である土壌表面に被せた同化箱に空気を通気して、同化箱の出入口における空気中のターゲットガスの濃度測定を行なうものである。開放式のガス収支測定装置を使用した場合は、同化箱の出入口におけるターゲットガスの収支に基づいて土壌呼吸速度が求められる。このようなガス収支測定装置としては、例えば特許文献２（特開平８−２６１８９２号公報）や非特許文献１（ｐ．１４４−１４６参照）に開示されたものがある。 On the other hand, there are two types of conventional gas balance measuring apparatuses used for measuring the balance of target gas due to soil respiration, a closed type and an open type. A closed gas balance measuring device covers the soil surface to be measured and covers an assimilation box to form a sealed space, and measures the concentration of the target gas (for example, carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen oxide gas) in the assimilation box. is there. When a closed gas balance measuring device is used, the soil respiration rate is obtained based on the change over time of the measured value. On the other hand, the open type gas balance measuring apparatus measures the concentration of target gas in the air at the entrance / exit of the assimilation box by ventilating air into the assimilation box placed on the soil surface to be measured. When an open gas balance measuring device is used, the soil respiration rate is determined based on the balance of the target gas at the entrance / exit of the assimilation box. Examples of such a gas balance measuring apparatus include those disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-261892) and Non-Patent Document 1 (see pages 144-146).
上述のように、従来は、１つの装置で、植物体の光合成、呼吸及び蒸散に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定と、当該植物体周辺の土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定の両方を行なえるものがなかった。 As described above, conventionally, one apparatus can perform both target gas balance measurement accompanying plant photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration, and target gas balance measurement accompanying soil respiration around the plant body. There was no.
一方、植物体の光合成等に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定に使用される従来のガス収支測定装置は、植物体の多数の葉のうち一枚の葉の光合成呼吸速度等を測定するものである。しかし、植物体の多数の葉の中から選別された一枚の葉の測定結果を植物体全体に及ばせると、植物体の葉ごとに健康状態が相違することから、同化箱に格納する葉の選別基準によって、植物体全体の光合成呼吸速度等にばらつきが生じる。 On the other hand, a conventional gas balance measuring apparatus used for measuring the balance of target gas accompanying photosynthesis of a plant body measures the photosynthetic respiration rate of one leaf among many leaves of the plant body. However, if the measurement result of a single leaf selected from a large number of leaves of the plant body can be extended to the entire plant body, the health state differs for each leaf of the plant body, so the leaves stored in the assimilation box Depending on the selection criteria, the photosynthetic respiration rate of the whole plant varies.
他方、土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定に使用される閉鎖式及び開放式のガス収支測定装置は、土壌表面に同化箱を被せることで、植物根の呼吸等に伴って土壌表面から放出されるターゲットガスを確実に捉えられる。しかし、同化箱を土壌表面に被せるに際しては、同化箱の下部と土壌表面との間から空気が漏れないように、同化箱の下部を土壌中に埋め込む必要がある。同化箱の下部を土壌中に埋め込むと、同化箱によって植物根が切断されるおそれがある。植物根が切断されてしまうと、土壌呼吸速度に植物根の呼吸速度を反映させ難くなり、土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定の精度が低下する。 On the other hand, closed and open gas balance measuring devices used for measuring the balance of target gas due to soil respiration are covered with an assimilation box on the soil surface and released from the soil surface along with plant root respiration. The target gas is reliably captured. However, when covering the assimilation box on the soil surface, it is necessary to embed the lower part of the assimilation box in the soil so that air does not leak from between the lower part of the assimilation box and the soil surface. If the lower part of the assimilation box is embedded in the soil, the plant roots may be cut by the assimilation box. If the plant root is cut, it becomes difficult to reflect the respiration rate of the plant root in the soil respiration rate, and the accuracy of the target gas balance measurement accompanying the soil respiration is lowered.
このように、従来の各ガス収支測定装置はいずれも、測定精度が低いことから、これらを併用して植物体の光合成等に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定と、当該植物体周辺の土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支測定とを同時に行なうことができなかった。このため、植物体の光合成等及び土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支を総合的に評価検討することができなかった。 As described above, since each conventional gas balance measuring device has low measurement accuracy, it is used together with the target gas balance measurement accompanying the photosynthesis of the plant body and the soil respiration around the plant body. The target gas balance measurement could not be performed simultaneously. For this reason, it was not possible to comprehensively evaluate and examine the balance of target gas accompanying plant photosynthesis and soil respiration.
本発明は、斯かる実情に鑑み創案されたものであって、その目的は、植物体の光合成等及び土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支を総合的に評価検討し得るガス収支測定装置を提供することにある。 The present invention was devised in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas balance measuring apparatus capable of comprehensively evaluating and examining the balance of target gas associated with plant photosynthesis and soil respiration. There is.
本発明のガス収支測定装置は、上記目的を達成するため、植物体を格納する同化箱と、前記同化箱へ供給ガスを給気するガス供給手段と、前記ガス供給手段から前記同化箱へ給気される供給ガス及び前記同化箱から排出された排気ガスをサンプリングすると共に、供給ガス及び排気ガスに含まれるターゲットガスの濃度を測定するガス測定手段とを備え、前記同化箱におけるターゲットガスの収支を測定するガス収支測定装置において、前記同化箱が、前記植物体の地上部を格納する上室と、前記植物体の地下部を土壌と共に格納する下室とを有し、前記同化箱の上室及び下室の各々におけるターゲットガスの収支を測定するように構成したことを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, a gas balance measuring apparatus according to the present invention provides an assimilation box for storing a plant body, a gas supply means for supplying a supply gas to the assimilation box, and a supply from the gas supply means to the assimilation box. Gas supply means for sampling the exhausted gas discharged from the assimilation box and gas concentration means for measuring the concentration of the target gas contained in the supply gas and the exhaust gas, and the balance of the target gas in the assimilation box In the gas balance measuring apparatus for measuring the assimilation box, the assimilation box has an upper chamber for storing the above-ground part of the plant body, and a lower chamber for storing the underground part of the plant body together with soil, The present invention is characterized in that the balance of the target gas in each of the chamber and the lower chamber is measured.
図１を参照して、上記のガス収支測定装置の作用について説明する。同化箱１０の内部は、植物体１の地上部１ａを格納する上室１１と、植物体１の地下部１ｂを土壌２と共に格納する下室１２に区画されている。同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２の各々には、ガス供給手段２０から供給ガスが給気されると共に、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２から排気ガスが排出される。同化箱１０の上室１１では、植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成、呼吸及び蒸散に伴って供給ガス中のターゲットガスが植物体１に吸収され、或いは植物体１からターゲットガスが放出される。他方、同化箱１０の下室１２では、土壌呼吸に伴って供給ガス中のターゲットガスが土壌２中に吸収され、或いは土壌２からターゲットガスが放出される。ガス供給手段２０から同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２へ給気される供給ガスと、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２から排出される排気ガスとをサンプリングして、ガス測定手段３０にて供給ガス及び各排気ガス中に含まれるターゲットガスの濃度を測定する。ガス供給手段２０から同化箱１０の上室１１へ給気される供給ガスの測定値と、同化箱１０の上室１１から排出された排気ガスの測定値との差から、植物体１の葉全体の光合成、呼吸及び蒸散に伴うターゲットガスの収支が求められる。他方、ガス供給手段２０から同化箱１０の下室１２へ給気される供給ガスの測定値と、同化箱１０の下室１２から排出された排気ガスの測定値との差から植物体１の植生箇所における土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支が求められる。 With reference to FIG. 1, the operation of the gas balance measuring apparatus will be described. The inside of the assimilation box 10 is partitioned into an upper chamber 11 that stores the above-ground portion 1 a of the plant body 1 and a lower chamber 12 that stores the underground portion 1 b of the plant body 1 together with the soil 2. Supply gas is supplied from the gas supply means 20 to the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10, and exhaust gas is discharged from the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10. In the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10, the target gas in the supply gas is absorbed by the plant body 1 or the target gas is released from the plant body 1 with the photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration of the above-ground part 1 a of the plant body 1. . On the other hand, in the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10, the target gas in the supply gas is absorbed into the soil 2 or the target gas is released from the soil 2 with the respiration of the soil. Sampling the supply gas supplied from the gas supply means 20 to the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 and the exhaust gas discharged from the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 to measure the gas The means 30 measures the concentration of the target gas contained in the supply gas and each exhaust gas. From the difference between the measured value of the supplied gas supplied from the gas supply means 20 to the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10 and the measured value of the exhaust gas discharged from the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10, the leaves of the plant body 1 The balance of the target gas accompanying the entire photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration is required. On the other hand, from the difference between the measured value of the supplied gas supplied from the gas supply means 20 to the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 and the measured value of the exhaust gas discharged from the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10, The balance of the target gas accompanying soil respiration at the vegetation site is required.
なお、「供給ガス」は、収支測定の目的に応じた気体であればターゲットガスの有無に関わらず如何なるものでもよく、混合気体（例えば空気など）は勿論のこと、単一の気体であっても構わない。「植物体の地下部」は、土壌中の植物根のみならず植物体の土壌表面から突出した根元部分（例えば茎の一部）を含むものとし、「植物体の地上部」は、植物根及び植物体の土壌表面から突出した根元部分を除く他の部分をいい、好ましくは植物体の葉全体を含む部分である。また、本発明のガス収支測定装置は、１種類のターゲットガスに限らず、複数種類のターゲットガス（例えば炭酸ガス及び水蒸気など）を対象にして各ターゲットガスの収支を測定するものであっても構わない。 The “supply gas” may be any gas as long as it is a gas suitable for the purpose of balance measurement, regardless of the presence or absence of the target gas, and of course a mixed gas (such as air) is a single gas. It doesn't matter. The “underground part of the plant body” includes not only the plant root in the soil but also the root part (for example, a part of the stem) protruding from the soil surface of the plant body. The other part except the root part protruding from the soil surface of a plant body is said, Preferably it is the part containing the whole leaf of a plant body. The gas balance measuring apparatus of the present invention is not limited to one type of target gas, and may measure the balance of each target gas for a plurality of types of target gases (for example, carbon dioxide gas and water vapor). I do not care.
本発明のガス収支測定装置によれば、同化箱の上室に植物体の葉全体を含む植物体の地上部を格納し、植物体の葉全体の光合成、呼吸及び蒸散に伴うターゲットガスの収支を直接的に測定するようにしたから、かかる測定精度を向上させることができる。また、同化箱の下室に植物体の地下部を格納して植物体の植生箇所における土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支を測定するようにしたから、土壌呼吸に植物根の呼吸を確実に反映させることができ、かかる測定精度を向上させることができる。さらに、同化箱の上室及び下室におけるターゲットガスの収支測定を同時に行なうことで、植物体の光合成等及び土壌呼吸に伴うターゲットガスの収支を総合的に評価検討することが可能になる。 According to the gas balance measuring apparatus of the present invention, the above-ground part of the plant body including the entire leaf of the plant body is stored in the upper chamber of the assimilation box, and the balance of the target gas accompanying the photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration of the entire plant body leaf Therefore, the measurement accuracy can be improved. In addition, because the basement of the plant body is stored in the lower chamber of the assimilation box and the balance of the target gas accompanying soil respiration at the plant vegetation site is measured, the respiration of the plant root is reliably reflected in the soil respiration. And the measurement accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, by simultaneously measuring the balance of target gas in the upper chamber and lower chamber of the assimilation box, it becomes possible to comprehensively evaluate and examine the balance of the target gas accompanying the photosynthesis of plants and soil respiration.
以下、図面を参照しつつ本発明に係るガス収支測定装置の一実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a gas balance measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図２は、本発明に係るガス収支測定装置の一実施形態を示す概略図で、同図において、１０は同化箱、２０はガス供給手段、３０はガス測定手段である。なお、この実施形態におけるガス収支測定装置は、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２へ供給ガスとして空気を給気し、かつ、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２における収支測定の対象であるターゲットガスを主として炭酸ガス及び水蒸気としたものである。 FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a gas balance measuring apparatus according to the present invention, in which 10 is an assimilation box, 20 is a gas supply means, and 30 is a gas measurement means. The gas balance measuring apparatus in this embodiment supplies air as a supply gas to the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 and measures the balance in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10. The target gas that is the target is mainly carbon dioxide and water vapor.
同化箱１０は、図２に示すように、植物体１全体を格納する容器である。同化箱１０の内部は、植物体１の地上部１ａを格納する上室１１と、植物体１の地下部１ｂを格納する下室１２に区画されている。この実施形態における同化箱１０は、上室１１を構成する上部容器１３と、下室１２を構成する下部容器１４と、上部容器１３及び下部容器１４の相互間に介設して上室１１及び下室１２を気密に区画する仕切部材１５とを主要な構成要素としており、植物体１を鉢植え３に植生させた状態で格納するように構成してある。 The assimilation box 10 is a container for storing the entire plant body 1 as shown in FIG. The inside of the assimilation box 10 is partitioned into an upper chamber 11 that stores the above-ground portion 1 a of the plant body 1 and a lower chamber 12 that stores the underground portion 1 b of the plant body 1. In this embodiment, the assimilation box 10 includes an upper container 13 that constitutes the upper chamber 11, a lower container 14 that constitutes the lower chamber 12, and the upper chamber 11 and the lower container 14 interposed between each other. A partition member 15 that hermetically divides the lower chamber 12 is a main component, and the plant body 1 is stored in a state where the plant body 1 is vegetated in the potted plant 3.
図３は、同化箱１０の縦断面図であり、これを参照して上部容器１３、下部容器１４及び仕切部材１５について説明する。 FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the assimilation box 10, and the upper container 13, the lower container 14, and the partition member 15 will be described with reference to this.
上部容器１３は、植物体１の地上部１ａに覆い被せるように下方に開口したカバー状に形成したものである。この実施形態における上部容器１３は、円筒状に形成し、かつ、底面中央部を開口させると共に、底面外周部を下部容器１４の上端部に仕切部材１５を介して載置するように構成してある。また、上部容器１３は、透明な材料（例えばアクリル樹脂やガラスなど）で構成され、外部光（例えば太陽光や照明器具の光）を上室１１内に採光し得るようになっている。 The upper container 13 is formed in a cover shape opened downward so as to cover the ground part 1 a of the plant body 1. The upper container 13 in this embodiment is formed in a cylindrical shape and is configured such that the bottom center part is opened and the bottom outer peripheral part is placed on the upper end part of the lower container 14 via the partition member 15. is there. Further, the upper container 13 is made of a transparent material (for example, acrylic resin or glass) so that external light (for example, sunlight or light from a lighting fixture) can be taken into the upper chamber 11.
上部容器１３には、ガス供給手段２０から空気を給気するための供給管２０ａと、上部容器１３から空気を排出するための排気管３０ａとを接続してある。供給管２０ａは上部容器１３の下部に接続し、排気管３０ａは上部容器１３の上部に接続してある。また、供給管２０ａは、上部容器１３の下部内周面に沿って環状に配設された給気管１３ａに連通している。給気管１３ａは、円周方向に所定の間隔で複数の給気口１３ａ１，１３ａ１，・・・を穿設してあり、上部容器１３の下部からほぼ均一に空気を給気するようになっている。 A supply pipe 20 a for supplying air from the gas supply means 20 and an exhaust pipe 30 a for discharging air from the upper container 13 are connected to the upper container 13. The supply pipe 20 a is connected to the lower part of the upper container 13, and the exhaust pipe 30 a is connected to the upper part of the upper container 13. The supply pipe 20 a communicates with an air supply pipe 13 a that is annularly arranged along the lower inner peripheral surface of the upper container 13. The air supply pipe 13a is provided with a plurality of air supply ports 13a1, 13a1,... At predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction so as to supply air almost uniformly from the lower part of the upper container 13. Yes.
また、上部容器１３の内部には、上室１１内で空気を攪拌しつつ下方から上方へ流動させるための複数個のファン１３ｂ，１３ｂ，…を配設してある。より詳しくは、複数個のファン１３ｂ，１３ｂ，…を上部容器１３の周方向及び上下方向に所定の間隔を隔てて螺旋状に配設すると共に、各ファン１３ｂ，１３ｂ，…を上部容器１３の内壁面に沿って斜め上方へ送風するように傾けて設置してある。これにより上室１１内の空気は、上室１１の下方から上方へほぼ螺旋状に流動して攪拌され、植物体１の地上部１ａの各葉に対してほぼ均一に供給される。 In addition, a plurality of fans 13b, 13b,... For allowing the air to flow from below to above while stirring in the upper chamber 11 are disposed inside the upper container 13. More specifically, a plurality of fans 13b, 13b,... Are arranged in a spiral shape at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction of the upper container 13, and the fans 13b, 13b,. It is installed so as to be inclined obliquely upward along the inner wall surface. As a result, the air in the upper chamber 11 flows and stirs almost spirally from the lower side to the upper side of the upper chamber 11, and is supplied substantially uniformly to each leaf of the above-ground part 1 a of the plant body 1.
下部容器１４は、植物体１の地下部１ｂ及び土壌２を鉢植え３に収容した状態で格納するように構成してある。下部容器１４の内周面と鉢植え３との間に形成された隙間は、シール部材１４ａによって閉塞されている。シール部材１４ａは、ゴム等の弾性材料を環状に形成した部材であって、シール部材１４ａの外周部を下部容器１４の内周面に密着させると共に、シール部材１４ａの底面部を鉢植え３の上端部に密着させてある。これにより鉢植え３内の土壌２の表面と仕切部材１５との間に土壌呼吸用の空間１４ｂが形成される。なお、下部容器１４には、ガス供給手段２０から土壌呼吸用の空間１４ｂへ空気を給気するための供給管２０ｂと、土壌呼吸用の空間１４ｂから空気を排出するための排気管３０ｂとを接続してある。また、下部容器１４には、土壌呼吸用の空間１４ｂ内の空気を攪拌するためのファン１４ｃを配設してある。 The lower container 14 is configured to store the underground portion 1b and the soil 2 of the plant body 1 in a state in which they are accommodated in the potted plant 3. A gap formed between the inner peripheral surface of the lower container 14 and the potted plant 3 is closed by a seal member 14a. The seal member 14a is a member in which an elastic material such as rubber is formed in an annular shape, and the outer peripheral portion of the seal member 14a is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the lower container 14, and the bottom surface portion of the seal member 14a is the upper end of the potted plant 3. It is in close contact with the part. Thus, a space 14b for soil respiration is formed between the surface of the soil 2 in the potted plant 3 and the partition member 15. The lower container 14 has a supply pipe 20b for supplying air from the gas supply means 20 to the space 14b for soil respiration, and an exhaust pipe 30b for discharging air from the space 14b for soil respiration. Connected. The lower container 14 is provided with a fan 14c for stirring the air in the soil respiration space 14b.
一方、鉢植え３は、カップ部材１４ｄに気密に嵌合させた状態で下部容器１４の内底部に設置してある。鉢植え３内の土壌２の表面は、カップ部材１４ｄによって下部容器１４内の所望の高さ位置に維持される。また、植物体１は鉢植え３に植えた状態で長期間生育させると鉢植え３の底部まで植物根を張るので、鉢植え３の水抜き孔３ａを介した土壌呼吸が生じる。鉢植え３をカップ部材１４ｄに嵌合して、鉢植え３内の土壌２が水抜き孔３ａから露出される空間を狭くしておくと、鉢植え３とカップ部材１４ｄで囲まれた空間の酸素は、鉢植え３の水抜き孔３ａを介した土壌呼吸によって消費されて無くなる。このように鉢植え３とカップ部材１４ｄで囲まれた空間の酸素を無くすことにより、鉢植え３の水抜き孔３ａを介した土壌呼吸は止まる。これにより下室１２における土壌呼吸は、土壌２と土壌呼吸用の空間１４ｂとの間でのみ行なわれるようになる。 On the other hand, the potted plant 3 is installed on the inner bottom of the lower container 14 in a state of being airtightly fitted to the cup member 14d. The surface of the soil 2 in the potted plant 3 is maintained at a desired height position in the lower container 14 by the cup member 14d. Further, when the plant body 1 is grown for a long time in the state of being planted in the potted plant 3, the plant root is stretched to the bottom of the potted plant 3, so that soil respiration occurs through the drainage hole 3 a of the potted plant 3. When the potted plant 3 is fitted to the cup member 14d and the space in which the soil 2 in the potted plant 3 is exposed from the drain hole 3a is narrowed, oxygen in the space surrounded by the potted plant 3 and the cup member 14d is It is consumed by soil respiration through the drain hole 3a of the potted plant 3 and disappears. Thus, by eliminating oxygen in the space surrounded by the potted plant 3 and the cup member 14d, soil respiration through the drain hole 3a of the potted plant 3 stops. Thereby, soil respiration in the lower chamber 12 is performed only between the soil 2 and the space 14b for soil respiration.
このように、鉢植え３内にしっかりと植物根を張った植物体１の地下部１ｂを土壌２と共に下部容器１４に格納し、かつ、下室１２における土壌呼吸が土壌２と土壌呼吸用の空間１４ｂとの間でのみ行なわれるように、下部容器１４の内周面と鉢植え３との間をシールすると共に鉢植え３の水抜き孔３ａを介した土壌呼吸を止めてあるから、下室１２における土壌呼吸が自然に植生した植物周辺の土壌呼吸とほぼ同じ状況下で行なわれる。 Thus, the underground part 1b of the plant body 1 in which the plant root is firmly spread in the potted plant 3 is stored in the lower container 14 together with the soil 2, and the soil respiration in the lower chamber 12 is the soil 2 and the space for soil respiration. 14b, since the space between the inner peripheral surface of the lower container 14 and the potted plant 3 is sealed and the soil respiration through the drain hole 3a of the potted plant 3 is stopped. Soil respiration is carried out under almost the same conditions as soil respiration around naturally planted plants.
仕切部材１５は、上部容器１３の内部と下部容器１４の内部を気密に区画するものである。この実施形態における仕切部材１５は、上部容器１３の底面部に密着させる上層のシート材１５ａと、下部容器１４の上端部に密着させる下層のシート材１５ｂと、上層のシート材１５ａ及び下層のシート材１５ｂの相互間に介在させる中層のシート材１５ｃとを積層して構成してある。上層のシート材１５ａ及び下層のシート材１５ｂは、例えばビニル樹脂などの弾性材料で構成する一方、中層のシート材１５ｃは、例えばフッ素樹脂（ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、「テフロン（登録商標）」）などの芯材で構成してある。各シート材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃは、図４に示すように、植物体１の茎１ｃを通す茎孔１５ａ１，１５ｂ１，１５ｃ１を有し、かつ、植物体１の茎１ｃに嵌め付けるための切り込み部１５ａ２，１５ｂ２，１５ｃ２を形成してある。各シート材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃの茎孔１５ａ１，１５ｂ１，１５ｃ１と植物体１の茎１ｃとの間の隙間はシール剤１５ｄで閉塞してある。また、各シート材１５ａ，１５ｂ，１５ｃは、各々の切り込み部１５ａ２，１５ｂ２，１５ｃ２を接合し、切り込み部１５ａ２，１５ｂ２，１５ｃ２をずらして積層してある。 The partition member 15 partitions the inside of the upper container 13 and the inside of the lower container 14 in an airtight manner. In this embodiment, the partition member 15 includes an upper sheet material 15a that is in close contact with the bottom surface of the upper container 13, a lower sheet material 15b that is in close contact with the upper end of the lower container 14, an upper sheet material 15a, and a lower sheet. An intermediate sheet material 15c interposed between the materials 15b is laminated. The upper layer sheet material 15a and the lower layer sheet material 15b are made of an elastic material such as vinyl resin, while the middle layer sheet material 15c is made of, for example, a fluororesin (polytetrafluoroethylene, “Teflon (registered trademark)”). It is comprised with the core material. As shown in FIG. 4, each sheet material 15 a, 15 b, 15 c has stem holes 15 a 1, 15 b 1, 15 c 1 through which the stem 1 c of the plant body 1 passes, and is cut for fitting into the stem 1 c of the plant body 1. Portions 15a2, 15b2, and 15c2 are formed. The gaps between the stem holes 15a1, 15b1, 15c1 of the sheet materials 15a, 15b, 15c and the stem 1c of the plant body 1 are closed with a sealing agent 15d. Each sheet material 15a, 15b, 15c is laminated by joining the cut portions 15a2, 15b2, 15c2 and shifting the cut portions 15a2, 15b2, 15c2.
なお、図２において、１６はインキュベータで、同化箱１０を収納する箱体であって、同化箱１０の上室１１の内部の光強度を調整すると共に、インキュベータ１６に収納された同化箱１０の外部の気温を調整するものである。この実施形態では、インキュベータ１６の内壁面に多数の蛍光灯１６ａ，１６ａ，…を配設し、この蛍光灯で同化箱１０の上室１１に光を照射するようになっている。同化箱１０の上室１１に格納された植物体１の地上部１ａにインキュベータ１６によって光を照射すると、当該植物体１の地上部１ａのほぼ全ての葉が光合成呼吸を行なう。一方、インキュベータ１６による光の照射を停止して、インキュベータ１６の内部を暗室状態にすると、同化箱１０の上室１１に格納された植物体１の地上部１ａは、光合成を停止して呼吸のみを行なう。また、インキュベータ１６は、同化箱１０の外部の気温を調整する図示しない空調装置を備えており、蛍光灯１６ａ，１６ａ，…の熱によって同化箱１０内の温度が上昇するのを防止している。なお、図示しない空調装置は、同化箱１０の外部の気温を、同化箱１０の内部の気温（ガス供給手段２０から同化箱１０へ供給される空気の温度とほぼ同じ温度である。）や地温よりも２〜５℃程度低い温度に維持している。 In FIG. 2, reference numeral 16 denotes an incubator, which is a box that houses the assimilation box 10. The light intensity inside the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10 is adjusted, and the assimilation box 10 housed in the incubator 16 is adjusted. It adjusts the outside temperature. In this embodiment, a large number of fluorescent lamps 16 a, 16 a,... Are arranged on the inner wall surface of the incubator 16, and light is applied to the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10 with this fluorescent lamp. When light is irradiated to the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1 stored in the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10 by the incubator 16, almost all leaves of the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1 carry out photosynthesis respiration. On the other hand, when the irradiation of light by the incubator 16 is stopped and the inside of the incubator 16 is made into a dark room state, the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1 stored in the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10 stops photosynthesis and only breathes. To do. The incubator 16 includes an air conditioner (not shown) that adjusts the temperature outside the assimilation box 10, and prevents the temperature in the assimilation box 10 from rising due to the heat of the fluorescent lamps 16a, 16a,. . Note that an air conditioner (not shown) changes the temperature outside the assimilation box 10 to the temperature inside the assimilation box 10 (the temperature is substantially the same as the temperature of air supplied from the gas supply means 20 to the assimilation box 10) or the ground temperature. The temperature is maintained at a temperature lower by about 2 to 5 ° C.
図２に示すガス供給手段２０は、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２の各々へ空気を所定の流量で給気するものである。この実施形態におけるガス供給手段２０は、空気中の炭酸ガスを吸収する吸収部２１と、吸収部２１にて炭酸ガスが取り除かれ、吸収部２１から所定の流量で供給される空気に対して炭酸ガスを所望の流量で混入する混入部２２とを有し、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２の各々へ給気される空気中の炭酸ガスの濃度調整を行なえるようになっている。また、ガス供給手段２０は、空気中の水分を吸収する除湿部２３と、空気を加湿する加湿部２４とを有する。加湿部２４の上流側には、吸収部２１及び混入部２２と、除湿部２３と、外気採取管２５とが並列に配設されている。外気採取管２５は、大気を同化箱１０へ供給するためのものである。加湿部２４の下流側には、同化箱１０へ給気される空気の温度を調整する温度調整部２６を配設してある。なお、図中、Ｐはポンプ、Ｆはフィルタである。 The gas supply means 20 shown in FIG. 2 supplies air to the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 at a predetermined flow rate. The gas supply means 20 in this embodiment includes an absorption unit 21 that absorbs carbon dioxide in the air, and carbon dioxide is removed by the absorption unit 21, and carbon dioxide is supplied to the air supplied from the absorption unit 21 at a predetermined flow rate. A mixing unit 22 for mixing gas at a desired flow rate, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air supplied to each of the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 can be adjusted. . The gas supply unit 20 includes a dehumidifying unit 23 that absorbs moisture in the air and a humidifying unit 24 that humidifies the air. On the upstream side of the humidifying unit 24, the absorbing unit 21 and the mixing unit 22, the dehumidifying unit 23, and the outside air collecting tube 25 are arranged in parallel. The outside air collecting tube 25 is for supplying air to the assimilation box 10. A temperature adjusting unit 26 that adjusts the temperature of the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 is disposed on the downstream side of the humidifying unit 24. In the figure, P is a pump and F is a filter.
上記のガス供給手段２０は、炭酸ガスの濃度調整を行なった空気を同化箱１０へ給気する場合、吸収部２１及び混入部２２にて空気中の炭酸ガスの濃度調整を行なったのち、当該空気をフィルタＦに通して不純物の除去を行なう。次いで、加湿部２４にて空気の加湿を行なうと共に、温度調整部２６にて空気の温度を調整して同化箱１０へ空気を給気する。また、水蒸気の濃度調整を行なった空気を同化箱１０へ給気する場合は、除湿部２３にて空気中の水蒸気を除去したのち、当該空気をフィルタＦに通して不純物の除去を行なう。次いで、加湿部２４にて空気の加湿を行なうと共に、温度調整部２６にて空気の温度を調整して同化箱１０へ空気を給気する。さらに、炭酸ガスの濃度調整を行なわずに大気を同化箱１０へ給気する場合は、外気採取管２５から採取した大気を同化箱１０へ給気する。なお、炭酸ガス及び水蒸気の収支測定と共に、炭酸ガス及び水蒸気以外の他のターゲットガスの収支測定を行なう場合は、外気採取管２５に、他のターゲットガスの吸収部（図示略）及び他のターゲットガスの混入部（図示略）を接続する。 The gas supply means 20, when supplying the carbon dioxide concentration adjusted air to the assimilation box 10, adjusts the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air at the absorption unit 21 and the mixing unit 22, and then Impurities are removed by passing air through the filter F. Next, the humidification unit 24 humidifies the air, and the temperature adjustment unit 26 adjusts the temperature of the air to supply air to the assimilation box 10. In addition, when the air whose water vapor concentration has been adjusted is supplied to the assimilation box 10, the moisture in the air is removed by the dehumidifying unit 23, and then the air is passed through the filter F to remove impurities. Next, the humidification unit 24 humidifies the air, and the temperature adjustment unit 26 adjusts the temperature of the air to supply air to the assimilation box 10. Further, when air is supplied to the assimilation box 10 without adjusting the concentration of carbon dioxide, the air collected from the outside air collecting pipe 25 is supplied to the assimilation box 10. When the balance of carbon dioxide and water vapor is measured and the balance of other target gases other than carbon dioxide and water vapor is measured, another target gas absorber (not shown) and other targets are provided in the outside air sampling tube 25. A gas mixing part (not shown) is connected.
また、同化箱１０へ給気される空気等（炭酸ガス濃度や温度、湿度が調整された空気、及び、炭酸ガス濃度未調整の大気）は、湿度が概ね５０％未満になると乾燥によるストレスを植物体１に与えて光合成呼吸が正常に行なわれなくなるので、加湿部２４にて湿度を調整して概ね５０％以上とする。また、同化箱１０へ給気される空気等は、温度が概ね１０℃未満になると配管や同化箱１０の内部に結露が生じて蒸散の測定に影響を及ぼすので、温度調整部２６にて温度を調整して概ね１０℃以上とする。 In addition, the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 (air in which the carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and humidity are adjusted, and air in which the carbon dioxide concentration is not adjusted) is subject to stress due to drying when the humidity is less than 50%. Since it is given to the plant body 1 and the photosynthetic respiration is not normally performed, the humidity is adjusted by the humidifying unit 24 to be approximately 50% or more. In addition, when the temperature of the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 is less than about 10 ° C., condensation occurs in the piping and the assimilation box 10 and affects the measurement of transpiration. Is adjusted to approximately 10 ° C. or higher.
図２に示すガス測定手段３０は、ガス供給手段２０から同化箱１０へ給気される空気及び同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２から排出された空気をサンプリングし、各空気に含まれる炭酸ガス及び水蒸気等の濃度を測定するものである。この実施形態では、同化箱１０の上室１１から排出された空気のサンプリングと、同化箱１０の下室１２から排出された空気のサンプリングとを三方弁３１で切替えて行ない、各空気の測定をひとつのガス測定手段３０で行なっている。ひとつのガス測定手段３０で測定を行なうことにより測定結果に機械的誤差が生じない。この場合、各空気の測定に僅かな時間差が生じるが、インキュベータ１６により上室１１内の光強度を所定値に維持すると共に、炭酸ガス濃度、温度及び湿度が所定値に維持された空気を上室１１及び下室１２へ同時に供給している限り、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２から所期の空気が排出され、各空気の測定を複数のガス測定手段で同時に測定する場合とほぼ同じ測定結果が得られる。また、下室１２から排出された空気は、大気へ放出されるものと、ガス測定手段３０に供給されるものと、下室１２に戻されるものに分流される。 2 samples the air supplied from the gas supply means 20 to the assimilation box 10 and the air discharged from the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10, and is included in each air. The concentration of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor is measured. In this embodiment, sampling of air discharged from the upper chamber 11 of the assimilation box 10 and sampling of air discharged from the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 are switched by the three-way valve 31 to measure each air. One gas measuring means 30 is used. By measuring with one gas measuring means 30, no mechanical error occurs in the measurement result. In this case, although a slight time difference occurs in the measurement of each air, the light intensity in the upper chamber 11 is maintained at a predetermined value by the incubator 16 and the air whose carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and humidity are maintained at the predetermined values is increased. As long as the chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 are supplied simultaneously, the intended air is discharged from the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 and the measurement of each air is simultaneously performed by a plurality of gas measuring means. Almost the same measurement results can be obtained. Further, the air discharged from the lower chamber 12 is divided into one that is released to the atmosphere, one that is supplied to the gas measuring means 30, and one that is returned to the lower chamber 12.
以下、上記のガス収支測定装置による収支測定について説明する。ガス供給手段２０にて炭酸ガス及び水蒸気の濃度が調整され、同化箱１０へ給気される空気と、同化箱１０の上室１１及び下室１２から排出された空気をサンプリングし、各空気に含まれる炭酸ガス及び水蒸気の濃度を測定する。同化箱１０へ給気される空気中の炭酸ガスの濃度測定結果と、上室１１から排出された空気中の炭酸ガスの濃度測定結果から、上室１１に格納された植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成呼吸に伴う炭酸ガスの収支が求められる。また、同化箱１０へ給気される空気中の水蒸気の濃度測定結果と、上室１１から排出された空気中の水蒸気の濃度測定結果から、上室１１に格納された植物体１の地上部１ａの蒸散に伴う水蒸気の収支が求められる。他方、同化箱１０へ給気される空気中の炭酸ガスの濃度測定結果と、下室１２から排出された空気中の炭酸ガスの濃度測定結果から、下室１２における土壌呼吸に伴う炭酸ガスの収支が求められる。 Hereinafter, the balance measurement by the above gas balance measuring apparatus will be described. The gas supply means 20 adjusts the concentrations of carbon dioxide and water vapor, and samples the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 and the air discharged from the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10. The concentration of carbon dioxide and water vapor contained is measured. From the measurement result of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 and the measurement result of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air discharged from the upper chamber 11, the above-ground part of the plant body 1 stored in the upper chamber 11 The balance of the carbon dioxide gas accompanying the photosynthesis respiration of 1a is calculated | required. Further, from the measurement result of the concentration of water vapor in the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 and the measurement result of the concentration of water vapor in the air discharged from the upper chamber 11, the above-ground part of the plant body 1 stored in the upper chamber 11. The balance of water vapor accompanying the transpiration of 1a is required. On the other hand, from the measurement result of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air supplied to the assimilation box 10 and the measurement result of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air discharged from the lower chamber 12, the concentration of carbon dioxide accompanying soil respiration in the lower chamber 12 is determined. A balance is required.
上室１１及び下室１２における炭酸ガスの収支測定結果に基づき、上室１１における植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成呼吸速度と、下室１２における土壌呼吸速度とが求められる。上室１１における炭酸ガスの収支測定を、インキュベータ１６で上室１１内の光強度をゼロにして行なうと、植物体１の地上部１ａの呼吸速度が求められる。かかる呼吸速度と光合成呼吸速度の速度差から植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成速度が求められる。上室１１における水蒸気の収支測定結果に基づき、植物体１の地上部１ａの蒸散速度が求められる。 Based on the carbon dioxide balance measurement results in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12, the photosynthetic respiration rate of the ground portion 1 a of the plant body 1 in the upper chamber 11 and the soil respiration rate in the lower chamber 12 are obtained. When the balance of carbon dioxide gas in the upper chamber 11 is measured by the incubator 16 with the light intensity in the upper chamber 11 being zero, the respiration rate of the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1 is obtained. From the speed difference between the respiration rate and the photosynthetic respiration rate, the photosynthesis rate of the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1 is obtained. Based on the water vapor balance measurement result in the upper chamber 11, the transpiration rate of the above-ground part 1 a of the plant body 1 is obtained.
また、上室１１及び下室１２における炭酸ガスの収支測定や、上室１１における水蒸気の収支測定を、上室１１内の光強度、下室１２に格納する土壌２の種類（例えば空隙率の相違する複数種類のものなど）、並びに同化箱１０へ給気される空気等の温度及び湿度などの環境条件を変更して行なうと、植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成や呼吸、蒸散、及び、土壌呼吸に対する各種環境条件の影響を評価することができる。 In addition, the carbon dioxide gas balance measurement in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12, and the water vapor balance measurement in the upper chamber 11, the light intensity in the upper chamber 11, the type of soil 2 stored in the lower chamber 12 (for example, the porosity) When different environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity of air supplied to the assimilation box 10 are changed, photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and the like of the ground part 1a of the plant 1 The effects of various environmental conditions on soil respiration can be evaluated.
さらに、上室１１及び下室１２における炭酸ガス及び水蒸気以外の他のターゲットガス（例えばメタンや酸化窒素など）の収支測定を行なうと、植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成や呼吸に伴って他のターゲットガスが植物体１に吸収される速度又は他のターゲットガスが植物体１から放出される速度や、土壌呼吸に伴って他のターゲットガスが土壌２に吸収される速度又は他のターゲットガスが土壌２から放出される速度を求めることができる。かかる他のターゲットガスの収支測定を、環境条件を変更して行なうと、他のターゲットガスが植物体１又は土壌２に吸収される速度や他のターゲットガスが植物体１又は土壌２から放出される速度に対する各種環境条件の影響を評価することができる。 Further, when the balance of other target gases (for example, methane, nitric oxide, etc.) other than carbon dioxide and water vapor in the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 is measured, the other is accompanied by photosynthesis and respiration of the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1. The rate at which the target gas is absorbed by the plant body 1 or the rate at which other target gas is released from the plant body 1, the rate at which other target gas is absorbed by the soil 2 with soil respiration, or other target gas The rate at which is released from the soil 2 can be determined. When the balance measurement of the other target gas is performed by changing the environmental conditions, the rate at which the other target gas is absorbed by the plant body 1 or the soil 2 or the other target gas is released from the plant body 1 or the soil 2. The effect of various environmental conditions on the speed of
以上、本発明の実施形態につき説明したが、本発明に係るガス収支測定装置は上記実施形態に限定されることなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得る。例えば、同化箱１０の下室１２には、図２に示すように、植物体１の地下部１ｂ及び土壌２を鉢植え３に収容した状態で格納することに限らず、図１に示すように、同化箱１０の下室１２に直接格納した土壌２に植物体１を植えるようにしても構わない。 As mentioned above, although it demonstrated per embodiment of this invention, the gas balance measuring apparatus which concerns on this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10 is not limited to storing the underground portion 1b and the soil 2 of the plant body 1 in the potted plant 3 as shown in FIG. The plant body 1 may be planted in the soil 2 directly stored in the lower chamber 12 of the assimilation box 10.
また、上記実施形態では、上室１１及び下室１２へ給気される空気と、上室１１及び下室１２から排出された空気の測定をひとつのガス測定手段３０で行なっているが、かかる測定は複数のガス測定手段で行なうようにしても構わない。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the air supplied to the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 and the air discharged | emitted from the upper chamber 11 and the lower chamber 12 are measured by one gas measurement means 30, this is taken. The measurement may be performed by a plurality of gas measuring means.
さらに、上記実施形態では、ターゲットガスとしての炭酸ガスの収支を測定することで、植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成速度や呼吸速度、土壌呼吸速度を求めているが、ターゲットガスを酸素ガスとしても植物体１の地上部１ａの光合成速度や呼吸速度、土壌呼吸速度を求めることは可能である。 Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the balance of the carbon dioxide gas as target gas is measured, the photosynthesis rate of the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1 and the respiration rate, and the soil respiration rate are calculated | required, but target gas is made into oxygen gas It is also possible to determine the photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, and soil respiration rate of the above-ground part 1a of the plant body 1.
１ 植物体
１ａ 地上部
１ｂ 地下部
２ 土壌
１０ 同化箱
１１ 上室
１２ 下室
２０ ガス供給手段
３０ ガス測定手段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant 1a Above-ground part 1b Underground part 2 Soil 10 Assimilation box 11 Upper chamber 12 Lower chamber 20 Gas supply means 30 Gas measurement means
Claims (2)
前記同化箱が、前記植物体の地上部を格納する上室と、前記植物体の地下部を土壌と共に格納する下室とを有し、前記同化箱の上室及び下室の各々におけるターゲットガスの収支を測定するように構成したガス収支測定装置。 An assimilation box for storing a plant body, a gas supply means for supplying a supply gas to the assimilation box, a supply gas supplied from the gas supply means to the assimilation box, and an exhaust gas discharged from the assimilation box In the gas balance measuring device for sampling and measuring the balance of the target gas in the assimilation box, comprising gas measuring means for measuring the concentration of the target gas contained in the supply gas and the exhaust gas,
The assimilation box has an upper chamber that stores the above-ground part of the plant body, and a lower chamber that stores the underground part of the plant body together with soil, and the target gas in each of the upper chamber and the lower chamber of the assimilation box Gas balance measuring device configured to measure the balance of gas.
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