JP4476757B2 - Valve device and refrigeration cycle device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a valve device and a refrigeration cycle device, and more particularly to a valve device, an air conditioner, and a refrigeration / refrigerator used in a fluid circuit including a two-phase flow in which a liquid phase and a gas phase are mixed, such as a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration cycle device. It is related with refrigeration cycle apparatuses, such as.

  As a valve device used as an electric expansion valve or the like of a refrigeration cycle apparatus, a valve housing has a valve chamber and a first inlet / outlet port and a second inlet / outlet port opened to the valve chamber, and a valve body is in the valve chamber The valve body is moved in the axial direction by a feed screw mechanism driven by a stepping motor, and the effective opening area of the valve port provided in the valve housing is increased or decreased by the movement of the valve body in the axial direction. There is an electric valve device that adjusts the amount of passage (for example, Patent Document 1).

  The refrigerant sent from the condenser of the refrigeration cycle apparatus to the expansion valve is not a complete liquid refrigerant but a two-phase refrigerant in which a liquid phase and a gas phase are mixed, and a gas-liquid two-phase flow flows through the expansion valve. In such a case, the liquid phase and the gas phase irregularly pass through the valve port, which tends to cause pressure fluctuations in the valve chamber, and causes the generation of noise (fluid flow sound) during fluid passage. It becomes. In particular, the larger the gas phase (bubbles) in the liquid phase and the larger bubbles intermittently and irregularly pass through the valve port, the greater the pressure fluctuation of the valve port when the gas-liquid two-phase flow passes, The generation level of flowing sound increases.

  Further, if the state of the fluid flowing into the valve port is not uniform, the pressure in the valve chamber fluctuates, and when this pressure fluctuation is transmitted to the valve housing, the joint, etc., a noise is generated and noise is generated. If the valve port in the center of the bottom of the valve housing has a joint with an inlet / outlet port on the side of the valve housing, the amount and phase of fluid flowing in the direction of the valve port will be different. The state becomes non-uniform and the fluid flow noise increases.

  As a measure to reduce this kind of fluid flow noise, the flow of fluid passing through the valve port is swirled by a tangential groove or inclined through hole formed on the valve seat surface, thereby obtaining a rectifying effect and reducing pressure fluctuation. It has been proposed to relax (for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

  In addition, there is a type in which a flow straightening cylinder is arranged so that a gas-liquid two-phase flow passes through a through hole formed in the flow straightening cylinder and enters the valve chamber to suppress pressure fluctuation in the valve chamber (for example, Patent Document 4). ).

  However, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient fluid flow noise reduction effect as described above, the number of necessary parts increases, the structure becomes complicated, and the piping is crafted due to the restriction of the port position on the valve device side. There are problems and problems that must be solved.

  In addition, the fluid flowing from either the first inlet / outlet port or the second inlet / outlet port can be discharged from the pressure on the inlet side (primary side) to the outlet side (secondary side) only by the throttle portion of the valve body and the valve port. ), The pressure drops rapidly, the flow velocity when passing through the valve port is very fast, and cavitation and vibration of the valve body occur. Cause.

  Cavitation in the valve device is rapidly reduced to a pressure lower than the pressure on the downstream side of the valve port by being accelerated by the pressure difference before and after the valve port when the fluid introduced into the valve chamber passes through the valve port. Therefore, bubbles are generated in the liquid flow. Then, when the fluid exits the valve port and returns to the wide space again, the flow velocity decreases, and the pressure rises to the pressure on the downstream side of the valve port, thereby causing the phenomenon that the bubbles generated at the valve port collapse. A shock wave generated at the moment when the bubble collapses damages the flow path or generates noise.

  In particular, when fluid is passed through the valve port with a large pressure difference, the flow rate becomes high and the pressure of the fluid decreases. When the pressure at this time falls below the saturated vapor pressure, the generation of bubbles in the liquid flow becomes more prominent. . This state is called flushing flow and is one of the causes of fluid sound. Furthermore, when the discharge side pressure is equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure, the bubbles collapse, and shock waves and microjets are generated. This state is called a cavitation flow, which causes more serious fluid noise and damage to piping than the flushing flow.

In order to prevent the occurrence of a cavitation flow, there is one in which flow paths having a required number of right-angle bends are formed by stacking discs with intermittent grooves in the valve chamber (for example, Patent Document 5).
Japanese Patent No. 2615021 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-61805 JP 2004-108764 A Japanese Patent No. 3380395 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-153275

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent the occurrence of cavitation flow and flushing flow without increasing the number of necessary parts, and to sufficiently reduce the fluid flow noise in the valve device.

The valve device according to the present invention has a valve chamber, a first inlet / outlet port, and a second inlet / outlet port in a valve housing, a valve body is disposed in the valve chamber, and is provided in the valve housing by the valve body. A valve device for adjusting an amount of fluid passing between the first inlet / outlet port and the second inlet / outlet port by increasing / decreasing an effective opening area of the valve port of the first valve port; A partition wall that increases the flow path length between the inlet / outlet port and the valve port is provided in the valve chamber, the valve chamber forms a cylindrical space, and the valve port is in the center of the bottom of the valve chamber, The first inlet / outlet port is located at a position radially outward from the valve port, and the partition wall has a spiral shape concentric with the valve port and defines a spiral flow path .

  In the valve device according to the present invention, a rectifying and silencing member is further provided in at least a part of the flow path.

  In the valve device according to the present invention, the valve body is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction from a valve shaft guide member attached to the valve housing, and the effective opening area of the valve port is increased or decreased by moving in the axial direction. An electric control valve having an electric motor and a feed screw mechanism that is rotationally driven by the electric motor and converts rotational motion into motion in an axial direction, and the valve element is driven in the axial direction by the feed screw mechanism. .

The valve device according to the present invention has a valve chamber, a first inlet / outlet port, and a second inlet / outlet port in a valve housing, a valve body is disposed in the valve chamber, and is provided in the valve housing by the valve body. A valve device for adjusting an amount of fluid passing between the first inlet / outlet port and the second inlet / outlet port by increasing / decreasing an effective opening area of the valve port, between said valve port, a motorized valve system having an electric motor have a expansion chamber before or after the at least one throttle passage and the throttle passage, and drives the valve body hermetically to said valve housing It has connected the rotor casing, a rotor chamber in which the rotor casing defines the that have no one of said expansion chamber.

  In the valve device according to the present invention, a rectifying and silencing member is further provided in the throttle passage.

  The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention has the valve device according to the above-described invention in the refrigerant circuit.

  According to the valve device of the present invention, the flow path length between the first inlet / outlet port and the valve port is increased by the partition wall provided in the valve chamber, and the first inlet / outlet port and the valve port are Compared to the case where the fluid moves straight between, the flow path between them becomes longer, and a gentle pressure gradient according to the flow path length is formed between the first inlet / outlet port and the valve port according to the flow path length. Can do. As a result, even if the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side is large, the pressure difference before and after the valve port becomes small, and the occurrence of cavitation flow and flushing flow is suppressed, and fluid flow resulting from these Sound is reduced.

  One embodiment in which the valve device according to the present invention is applied as an electric control valve will be described with reference to FIG.

  The electric control valve of this embodiment is indicated by reference numeral 10 as a whole. The electric control valve 10 has a metal valve housing 11. The valve housing 11 has a cup shape with an upper opening, a valve chamber 12 forming a cylindrical space, a valve port 15, a first joint port 19 (first inlet / outlet port), and a second joint. Port 14 (second entry / exit port).

  The first joint port 19 opens to a portion (side circumferential portion of the valve chamber) located in the valve chamber 12 of the side peripheral wall portion 11B of the valve housing 11, and the first joint port 19 includes a pipe joint (lateral joint). ) 16 is attached, and one end of the pipe joint 16 protruding into the valve chamber 12 constitutes the inlet / outlet port 13. The valve port 15 opens at the center of the portion (bottom portion of the valve chamber) located in the valve chamber 12 of the bottom wall portion 11 </ b> C of the valve housing 11, and directly with the second joint port 14 outside the valve chamber 12. Communicate. Another pipe joint (lower joint) 17 is attached to the second joint port 14. With this port arrangement, the first joint port 19 is connected to the valve housing 11 from the valve port 15 that is open at the center of the portion of the bottom wall portion 11C of the valve housing 11 that is located in the valve chamber 12 (the bottom portion of the valve chamber). It is at a position corresponding to the radius and away radially outward.

  An upper opening 11 </ b> A of the valve housing 11 is closed by a valve shaft guide member 20. The valve shaft guide member 20 is a resin molded product in which a metal mounting plate 22 is insert-molded on a flange portion 21, and the flange portion 21 is fitted into the upper opening portion 11 </ b> A of the valve housing 11 and welded by the mounting plate 22. Etc., and is fixed to the valve housing 11.

  Accordingly, the valve chamber 12 is defined by the cylindrical side peripheral wall portion 11 </ b> B and the bottom wall portion 11 </ b> C of the valve housing 11 and the flange portion 21 of the valve shaft guide member 20, and the flange portion 21 is defined by the valve chamber 12. The ceiling part is made.

  The valve shaft guide member 20 has a cylindrical portion 23 that hangs into the valve chamber 12 from the center of the lower bottom portion of the flange portion 21. The cylindrical portion 23 is integrally formed with the flange portion 21 and extends in the axial direction (vertical direction) at the central portion of the valve chamber 12. The cylindrical portion 23 is concentric with the valve port 15 and is located immediately above the valve port 15.

  The cylindrical portion 23 has a bearing hole 23A, and a valve shaft 31 of a valve body (a single valve) 30 disposed in the valve chamber 12 is fitted in the bearing hole 23A so as to be movable in the axial direction. Accordingly, the valve body 30 is supported by the valve shaft guide member 20 so as to be movable in the axial direction, the effective opening area of the valve port 15 is increased or decreased by the axial movement, and the amount of fluid passing (flow rate) according to the position in the axial direction. ).

  A stepping motor 90 is attached to the upper portion of the valve housing 11. The stepping motor 90 is airtightly fixed to the upper opening portion 11A of the valve housing 11 by welding or the like, and has a can-like rotor case 92 that defines the rotor chamber 91 inside, and a multi-pole that is rotatably disposed in the rotor chamber 91. The rotor 93 has a magnetized permanent magnet on the outer peripheral portion 93 </ b> A, and an annular stator coil unit 94 fixedly mounted on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor case 92. Although not shown in detail, the stator coil unit 94 has a general structure having a stator coil portion and magnetic pole teeth.

  The stepping motor 90 rotates the rotor 93 with a rotation angle according to the number of pulses by applying a pulse to a stator coil portion (not shown) of the stator coil unit 94.

  The valve shaft guide member 20 is integrally formed with an internally threaded cylinder portion 24 that is erected from the center of the upper portion of the flange portion 21 and located in the rotor chamber 91. The inner cylinder portion of the female screw cylinder portion 24 is concentrically connected to the bearing hole 23A, and a female screw 25 is formed in the inner cylinder portion.

  The valve shaft 31 integrally has a male screw shaft 32 as an upper extension shaft. A male screw 33 is formed on the outer periphery of the male screw shaft 32. The male screw 33 is screw-engaged with the female screw 25 and forms a feed screw mechanism that cooperates with the female screw 25 to convert rotational motion into motion in the axial direction. The male screw shaft 32 is connected to the rotor 93 of the stepping motor 90 and serves also as the rotor shaft.

  The above structure is a general structure as the electric control valve 10.

In the electric control valve 10 of this embodiment, a spiral partition wall 51 located in the valve chamber 12 is integrally formed on the valve shaft guide member 20 so as to hang from the flange portion 21 thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the spiral partition wall 51 is formed around the valve port 15, and defines a spiral flow path 52 from the outer peripheral side of the valve chamber 12 to the valve port 15.

As shown in FIG. 1, the spiral partition wall 51 has a tip 51A that contacts or approaches the bottom wall portion 11C of the valve housing 11, and as shown in FIG. 51 </ b> B is connected to the cylindrical portion 23 of the valve shaft guide member 20 .

  Next, the operation of the electric control valve 10 configured as described above will be described. By applying a pulse current to a stator coil portion (not shown) of the stator coil unit 94, the rotor 93 rotates with a rotation angle according to the number of pulses. The rotation of the rotor 93 causes the male screw shaft 32 to rotate, and the screw engagement between the male screw 33 and the fixedly arranged female screw 25 converts the rotational motion into motion in the axial direction, and the valve body 30 moves in the axial direction.

  Thereby, the axial position of the valve body 30 is changed, the effective opening area of the valve port 15 is increased or decreased, and the valve chamber 12 is connected to the valve joint 12 of the first joint port 19 according to the axial position of the valve body 30. The passage amount (flow rate) of the fluid flowing through the pipe joint 17 of the second joint port 14 via the above is adjusted.

  In this embodiment, the fluid that has flowed into the valve chamber 12 from the pipe joint 16 of the first joint port 19 flows through the spiral flow path 52 formed by the spiral partition wall 51 and reaches the valve port 15.

  Thereby, there is no partition wall in the valve chamber 12, and the flow path between the inlet / outlet port 13 and the valve port 15 becomes longer than when the fluid goes straight from the inlet / outlet port 13 to the valve port 15, A gentle pressure gradient according to the flow path length can be formed between the inlet / outlet port 13 and the valve port 15 according to the flow path length.

  Thereby, the valve port 15 side in the valve chamber 12 is depressurized, and even if the pressure difference between the pipe joint 16 side (primary side) and the pipe joint 17 side (secondary side) is large, A pressure difference becomes small and generation | occurrence | production of a cavitation flow and a flushing flow is suppressed. As a result, fluid flow noise caused by cavitation flow or flushing flow is reduced.

  The pressure reduction effect due to the increase in the flow path length can be obtained in the same manner when fluid flows from the pipe joint 17 side to the pipe joint 16 side, and exhibits bidirectionality.

  Since the spiral channel 52 is a relatively narrow channel, even if the fluid flowing into the valve chamber 12 is a gas-liquid two-phase flow in which a liquid phase and a gas phase are mixed, the gas phase ( A phenomenon occurs in which bubbles are subdivided. As a result, pressure fluctuations in the valve chamber 12 and the valve port 15 are reduced, and the fluid flow noise is reduced accordingly. Moreover, since it becomes a swirl | vortex flow, it flows in into the valve port 15 smoothly and a fluid flow sound reduces.

  In this embodiment, the spiral partition wall 51 having the above-described effects is integrally formed with the valve shaft guide member 20 as a resin molded product, and therefore the number of necessary parts is not increased.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , a part of the spiral flow path 52 is made of foam metal, which is a porous material, strainer of laminated mesh, sintered metal, MIM, foam polymer material, or the like. A rectifying and silencing member 53 may be fitted. Also in this case, a rectifying and silencing effect can be obtained by the fluid passing through the rectifying and silencing member together with a pressure drop effect due to an increase in the flow path length.

Next, another embodiment of applying the valve device according to the invention as electric control valve 5 will be described with reference to FIG. Incidentally, FIG. 9, also in FIG. 10, parts corresponding to Figures 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2, description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, the valve port 15 is formed in the valve seat member 18 fixedly attached to the valve housing 11 and opens to the center of the bottom wall portion 11 </ b> C of the valve housing 11. Yes. The first joint port 19 also opens in the side peripheral wall portion 11B of the valve housing 11 in this embodiment.

  The valve shaft guide member 20 is integrally formed with a cylindrical partition wall 61 suspended from the flange portion 21 into the valve chamber 12. The cylindrical partition wall 61 abuts or approaches the bottom wall portion 11 </ b> C of the valve housing 11, and the inside of the valve chamber 12 has an outer expansion chamber 62 including the inlet / outlet port 13 and an inner expansion chamber including the valve port 15. 63.

  On the opposite side of the valve shaft guide member 20 from the valve chamber 12, there is a rotor chamber 91 defined by a rotor case 92. The valve shaft guide member 20 is formed with a first throttle passage 64 through which the outer expansion chamber 62 communicates with the rotor chamber 91 forming another expansion chamber.

  Further, the valve shaft guide member 20 is integrally formed with an outer cylindrical body 65 that stands up from the flange portion 21 and is located in the rotor chamber 91. The outer cylindrical body 65 is concentrically disposed on the outer side of the female screw cylinder portion 24, and defines a cylindrical space 66 between the outer cylinder body 24 and the female screw cylinder portion 24. The valve shaft guide member 20 is formed with a second throttle passage 67 that penetrates the bottom of the cylindrical space 66 and communicates the rotor chamber 91 and the inner expansion chamber 63 via the cylindrical space 66.

  In this embodiment, the fluid that has flowed into the valve chamber 12 from the pipe joint 16 of the first joint port 19 flows from the outer expansion chamber 62 → the first throttle passage 64 → the rotor chamber 91 → the second throttle passage 67 → the inner expansion. It flows through the chamber 63 and reaches the valve port 15.

  As a result, while the fluid reaches the valve port 15 from the inlet / outlet port 13, the pressure is reduced in two steps by the first throttle passage 64 and the second throttle passage 67, and the pipe joint 16 side (primary side) And the pipe joint 17 side (secondary side) is large, the pressure difference between the front and rear of the valve port 15 is small, and the occurrence of cavitation flow and flushing flow is suppressed. As a result, fluid flow noise caused by cavitation flow or flushing flow is reduced.

The pressure state in the valve chamber 12 by this multistage throttle will be described with reference to FIG . In Fig. 7, the pressure P1 is inlet and outlet port 13, the the P2 pressure of the first throttle passage 64, P3 is the pressure of the second throttle passage 67, P4 is the pressure in the valve port 15, P5 Indicates the pressure of the second joint port 14, respectively. The solid line indicates the characteristic of this embodiment, and the broken line indicates the characteristic of the conventional one that is not a multistage aperture.

  This graph also shows that the pressure difference before and after the valve port 15 is reduced by the multistage throttle.

  In addition, the pressure reduction effect by this multistage throttle can be obtained similarly when fluid flows from the pipe joint 17 side to the pipe joint 16 side, and exhibits bidirectionality.

  Since the first throttle passage 64, the second throttle passage 67, and the cylindrical space 66 form a relatively narrow flow path, the fluid flowing into the valve chamber 12 is a gas-liquid two phase in which a liquid phase and a gas phase are mixed. Even in the case of a flow, a phenomenon occurs in which the gas phase (bubbles) in the liquid phase is subdivided. As a result, pressure fluctuations in the valve chamber 12 and the valve port 15 are reduced, and the fluid flow noise is reduced accordingly.

  In this embodiment, since the cylindrical partition wall 61 is integrally formed with the valve shaft guide member 20 as a resin molded product, the number of necessary parts is not increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, in the cylindrical space 66 or in the cylindrical space 68 between the cylindrical portion 23 and the cylindrical partition wall 61, a foam metal, which is a porous material, a strainer of a laminated mesh, The rectifying and silencing members 69 and 70 made of a bonded metal, MIM, foamed polymer material or the like may be fitted. Also in this case, a rectifying and silencing effect can be obtained by the fluid passing through the rectifying and silencing member together with the pressure drop effect by the multistage throttle.

Next, one embodiment of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG .

  The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to this embodiment includes a compressor 101, a condenser (outdoor heat exchanger) 102, an expansion valve 103, an evaporator (indoor heat exchanger) 104, and refrigerant passages 105 to 105 that connect these in a loop. 108.

  This refrigeration cycle apparatus is used in air conditioners (cooling), refrigeration / refrigerators, and the like.

  As the expansion valve 103, the above-described electric control valve 10 according to the present invention is used.

The above-described refrigeration cycle apparatus to which the electric control valve is applied is not limited to the basic refrigeration cycle apparatus as shown in FIG. 9, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can be obtained by incorporating a four-way valve. Air conditioning equipment for cooling and heating that can reverse the flow direction, and air conditioning equipment that can be used for air conditioning and dehumidification, with two heat exchangers connected in series to the indoor unit and an additional expansion valve between the two heat exchangers It can be applied to any refrigeration cycle apparatus.

It is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of applying the valve device as an electric control valve according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5 . It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment which applied the valve apparatus by this invention as an electrically driven control valve. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3 . It is a longitudinal sectional view showing another implementation configuration of applying the valve device as an electric control valve according to the present invention. It is a perspective view of the valve-shaft guide member used for the valve apparatus by this embodiment . It is a graph which shows the pressure state of a valve chamber . It is a perspective view of the valve-shaft guide member used for the valve apparatus by other embodiment . It is a refrigerant circuit figure showing one embodiment of the refrigerating cycle device by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electric control valve 11 Valve housing 11A Upper opening part 11B Side peripheral wall part 11C Bottom wall part 12 Valve chamber 13 Inlet / outlet port 14 Second joint port 15 Valve port 16, 17 Pipe joint 18 Valve seat member 19 First joint port 20 valve shaft guide member 21 flange portion 22 the mounting plate 23 a cylindrical portion 23A bearing hole 24 internally threaded tubular portion 25 the internal thread 30 valve body 31 valve stem 32 externally threaded shaft 33 Flip ne male
5 3, 69, 70 Rectification silencer member 51 Spiral partition wall 52 Spiral flow channel 61 Cylindrical partition wall 62 Outer expansion chamber 63 Inner expansion chamber 64 First throttle passage 65 Outer cylindrical body 66, 68 Cylindrical space 67 Second Throttle passage 90 stepping motor 91 rotor chamber 92 rotor case 93 rotor 93A outer peripheral portion 94 stator coil unit 101 compressor 102 condenser 103 expansion valve 104 evaporator 105 to 108 refrigerant passage

Claims (6)

The valve housing has a valve chamber, a first inlet / outlet port, and a second inlet / outlet port, a valve body is disposed in the valve chamber, and an effective opening of the valve port provided in the valve housing by the valve body In the valve device for adjusting the amount of fluid passing between the first inlet / outlet port and the second inlet / outlet port by increasing / decreasing the area,
A partition wall for increasing a flow path length between the first inlet / outlet port and the valve port in the valve chamber is provided in the valve chamber ;
The valve chamber has a cylindrical space, the valve port is in the center of the bottom of the valve chamber, and the first inlet / outlet port is at a position radially outward from the valve port,
The partition device is a valve device having a spiral shape concentric with the valve port and defining a spiral flow path . It said flow path at least in part on the rectifying silencing member is provided with which claim 1 Symbol mounting of the valve device. The valve body is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction from a valve shaft guide member attached to the valve housing, and the effective opening area of the valve port is increased or decreased by moving in the axial direction.
The electric control valve further includes an electric motor and a feed screw mechanism that is rotationally driven by the electric motor and converts rotational motion into axial motion, and the valve element is driven in the axial direction by the feed screw mechanism. The valve device according to claim 1 or 2 . The valve housing has a valve chamber, a first inlet / outlet port, and a second inlet / outlet port, a valve body is disposed in the valve chamber, and an effective opening of the valve port provided in the valve housing by the valve body In the valve device for adjusting the amount of fluid passing between the first inlet / outlet port and the second inlet / outlet port by increasing / decreasing the area,
Between the first inlet and outlet port and said valve port, have a expansion chamber before or after the at least one throttle passage and the throttle passage,
An electric valve device having an electric motor for driving the valve body, having a rotor case hermetically connected to the valve housing, and a rotor chamber defined by the rotor case forms one of the expansion chambers Tei Ru valve device. The diaphragm rectifying silencing member according to claim 4 Symbol mounting of the valve device is provided in the passage. A refrigeration cycle apparatus having the valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a refrigerant circuit.

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