JP4464957B2 - 楽器の製造方法および楽器 - Google Patents
楽器の製造方法および楽器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4464957B2 JP4464957B2 JP2006502079A JP2006502079A JP4464957B2 JP 4464957 B2 JP4464957 B2 JP 4464957B2 JP 2006502079 A JP2006502079 A JP 2006502079A JP 2006502079 A JP2006502079 A JP 2006502079A JP 4464957 B2 JP4464957 B2 JP 4464957B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- musical instrument
- plastic material
- parts
- natural fibers
- thermoplastic polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011624 Agave sisalana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000023514 Barrett esophagus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003385 Diospyros ebenum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000792913 Ebenaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000513 Santalum album Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008632 Santalum album Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0005—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fibre reinforcements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0046—Details relating to the filling pattern or flow paths or flow characteristics of moulding material in the mould cavity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
- B29K2105/14—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles oriented
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/758—Musical equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
Description
Claims (10)
- 楽器の製造方法であって、楽器が1つまたはいくつかの部品(1、2)から作られ、それらの少なくとも1つの部品が熱可塑性重合体からなるプラスチック材料合成物から作られる方法において、
プラスチック材料合成物は天然繊維(5)を熱可塑性重合体に混合することによって作られ、
楽器またはその部品(1、2)が射出成形によってプラスチック材料合成物から作られる際に、プラスチック材料合成物中の天然繊維(5)が成形中に楽器またはその部品(1、2)に関して主として特定の所望の方向を向くような態様でプラスチック材料合成物が鋳型内を流れるよう注入点(6)が選択されることを特徴とした楽器の製造方法。 - ギターのネック(1)のような楽器の細長部品の製造における注入点(6)が、プラスチック材料合成物が前記部品の長手方向に沿って鋳型内を流れ且つ前記天然繊維が前記部品の長手方向に向けられるように、選択されることを特徴とした請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電気ギターの本体のような楽器の板状部品の製造における注入点(7)が、前記プラスチック材料合成物が鋳型開口から他の包囲部品まで半径方向に沿って鋳型内を流れ且つ前記天然繊維(5)が鋳型の開口から鋳型の他の部品まで半径方向に向けられるように、選択されることを特徴とした請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記プラスチック材料合成物は、20ないし60重量%の天然繊維を熱可塑性重合体に混合することによって作られることを特徴とした請求項1ないし3の任意の一項に記載の方法。
- 1つまたはいくつかの部品(1、2)を備え、少なくとも1つの部品が熱可塑性重合体を含むプラスチック材料合成物から製造された楽器であって、
楽器またはその部品(1、2)が、天然繊維(5)を混合された熱可塑性重合体から作られ、楽器またはその部品(1、2)が、天然繊維が前記楽器またはその部品に関して主として特定の所望の方向に向けられるようにして射出成形によって作られたことを特徴とする楽器。 - ギターのネック(1)のような楽器の細長部品において、前記天然繊維が前記部品の長手方向に主として向けられていることを特徴とした請求項5に記載の楽器。
- 電気ギターの本体(2)のような楽器の板状部品において、前記天然繊維(5)が、射出成形の注入点(7)から他の部品に向かう半径方向に向けられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の楽器。
- 楽器またはその部品の前記プラスチック材料合成物中には、20ないし60重量%の天然繊維と、40ないし80重量%の熱可塑性重合体とがあることを特徴とした請求項5ないし7の任意の一項に記載の楽器。
- 前記天然繊維(5)は1ないし3mm長さ小片の天然繊維であることを特徴とした請求項5ないし8の任意の一項に記載の楽器。
- 前記熱可塑性重合体はポリスチレンであることを特徴とした請求項5ないし9の任意の一項に記載の楽器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20030310A FI20030310A0 (fi) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Menetelmä soittimen valmistamiseksi ja soitin |
PCT/FI2004/000107 WO2004077397A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-27 | Method for manufacturing musical instrument and a musical instrument |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006519407A JP2006519407A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
JP4464957B2 true JP4464957B2 (ja) | 2010-05-19 |
Family
ID=8565743
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006502079A Expired - Lifetime JP4464957B2 (ja) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-27 | 楽器の製造方法および楽器 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7214866B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1606790B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4464957B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE360246T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004005972T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2286612T3 (ja) |
FI (1) | FI20030310A0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004077397A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5564670B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2014-07-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 天然繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂射出成形品 |
AT508721B1 (de) * | 2009-09-03 | 2014-07-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Cellulosefasern mit verbesserter dosierfähigkeit, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie ihre verwendung zur verstärkung von verbundmaterialien |
ES2394465B1 (es) * | 2010-04-30 | 2013-12-12 | Universitat Politècnica De Catalunya | Cabeza de instrumento de viento, instrumento de viento y metodo de fabricacion de un instrumento de viento |
WO2014068166A1 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-08 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | A composite structure with vibrational properties |
US9171528B2 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-10-27 | Mcp Ip, Llc | Carbon fiber guitar |
US9012750B2 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-04-21 | Lawrence Berndt | Crown top bar fret, stringed instrument including same, and method of manufacture |
JP6606543B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 | 2019-11-13 | オイ オール−プラスト アーベー | 複合材料からなる音響製品 |
ITUB20152478A1 (it) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-01-25 | Antonio Gottoli | Corpo per strumento musicale a corda, nonché strumento comprendente un tale corpo |
CN107369432A (zh) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-21 | 广州市拿火科技有限公司 | 一种吉他及其制备方法 |
CN113284474A (zh) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-20 | 惠州市众威特碳纤维制品有限公司 | 一种碳纤维吉他共鸣箱的制作方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4873907A (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1989-10-17 | Kuau Technology, Ltd. | Composite-materials acoustic stringed musical instrument |
AR014705A1 (es) * | 1998-03-11 | 2001-03-28 | Dow Chemical Co | Estructuras o articulos manufacturados que poseen memoria de forma, proceso para conformar articulos y estructuras a partir de polimeros que tienen unmodulo original, fibras de bicomponentes que se comportan con memoria de forma, telas y articulos fabricados con dichas fibras. |
DE19852036A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-25 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines faserverstärkten Kunststoff-Werkstoffs |
IT1309905B1 (it) * | 1999-01-08 | 2002-02-05 | Gor Applic Speciali Srl | Lastra,pannello,o simili di materia plastica termoformabile e metodoper la produzione degli stessi. |
US6120910A (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-19 | Szenics; Jonathan M. | Stringed musical instrument |
US6333454B1 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-12-25 | Griffiths Guitar International Ltd. | Acoustic support structure for stringed musical instruments and method of making same |
NL1014918C2 (nl) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-16 | Dsm Nv | Kunststofgranulaat. |
US6683236B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2004-01-27 | Stephen J. Davis | One piece composite guitar body |
-
2003
- 2003-02-28 FI FI20030310A patent/FI20030310A0/fi unknown
-
2004
- 2004-02-27 WO PCT/FI2004/000107 patent/WO2004077397A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-27 DE DE602004005972T patent/DE602004005972T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-27 AT AT04715343T patent/ATE360246T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-27 EP EP04715343A patent/EP1606790B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-27 ES ES04715343T patent/ES2286612T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-27 JP JP2006502079A patent/JP4464957B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-08-26 US US11/212,282 patent/US7214866B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2004077397A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
ATE360246T1 (de) | 2007-05-15 |
ES2286612T3 (es) | 2007-12-01 |
DE602004005972T2 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
EP1606790A1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
US7214866B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 |
JP2006519407A (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
US20060032358A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
FI20030310A0 (fi) | 2003-02-28 |
EP1606790B1 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
DE602004005972D1 (de) | 2007-05-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7214866B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing musical instrument and a musical instrument | |
US10984764B2 (en) | Guitar and manufacturing method thereof | |
US4873907A (en) | Composite-materials acoustic stringed musical instrument | |
US7763784B2 (en) | Stringed musical instruments and methods of making thereof | |
US7795513B2 (en) | Stringed musical instruments, and methods of making the same | |
US7531729B1 (en) | Neck assembly for a musical instrument | |
USRE42630E1 (en) | Guitar body reinforcement | |
KR20170118694A (ko) | 전기 기타 | |
CN1012630B (zh) | 有关小提琴的改进 | |
JP2015517124A (ja) | ピアノプレートアセンブリおよびその製造方法 | |
CA2463901C (en) | Construction and method of wind musical instruments | |
KR101698233B1 (ko) | 내부에 새겨진 프렛보드를 가진 현악기 및 현악기의 제조방법 | |
US20040003700A1 (en) | Guitar neck support rod | |
US11676562B1 (en) | Synthetic reed with cane particles | |
DE102019001768B3 (de) | Saiteninstrument | |
FI130832B1 (en) | A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT NECK AND A METHOD OF MAKING A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT NECK BOARD | |
GB2574787A (en) | Woodwind musical instruments made from resin impregnated densified engineered wood laminate | |
FI123685B (fi) | Menetelmä luonnonkuituja käsittävän komposiittirakenteisten soitinten osien tai soitinten osien aihioiden valmistamiseksi, sekä komposiittirakenteinen soitinten osa tai soitinten osien aihio | |
FI120167B (fi) | Menetelmä soittimen valmistamiseksi ja soitin | |
FI80161C (fi) | Resonansbotten avsedd foer stora musikinstrument. | |
JPS5910996A (ja) | 楽器用音板 | |
EP3374989A1 (en) | Elements to improve string function on stringed musical instruments | |
JPH09297574A (ja) | 楽 器 | |
UA93064C2 (uk) | Штучний шаруватий матеріал для резонансних дек музичних інструментів |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070119 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20070215 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20070215 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20100126 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20100219 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130226 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4464957 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140226 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |