JP4409972B2 - Culture management method for Shiitake fungus bed top surface generation - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for cultivating shiitake mushroom beds, which causes specific shiitake mushrooms to be generated on the upper surface of the shiitake mushroom beds in the cultivation and generation preparation step for shiitake mushroom beds.

  Patent Document 1 (hereinafter referred to as Prior Art 1) is known as a method for generating mushrooms on the upper surface of the fungus bed. The contents are as follows: “After the cultivation of the fungus bed is completed, the upper part of the cultivation container is removed, water is supplied to the gap between the fungus bed containers, and further managed at a temperature of 23 to 35 ° C. for a certain period of time. The method is to “manage the fungus bed in a state where germination can be started to suppress the germination of the bottom surface and the side surface and make use of only the upper surface of the primordium”. That is, it is a method for controlling germination on the bottom and side surfaces of a fungus bed by subjecting the fungus bed to a state having a well-ripened primordium after completion of culture and subjecting it to high temperature treatment.

However, with this method,
(A) Since the point is to suppress the germination of the well-ripened primordium, the timing of water supply is delayed, and it is also a slight stimulus such as the high temperature of 23 to 35 ° C. cannot be maintained. There is a difficulty that mushrooms germinate,
(B) Furthermore, in order to maintain and manage a certain number of fungal beds at a high temperature of 23 to 35 ° C., a dedicated temperature management facility is required for the entire cultivation room, so it is necessary to provide a large heating facility, etc. Resulting in a very large financial burden,
(B) Delicate consideration and a complicated management system are indispensable for the temperature control of the fungus bed throughout the day and night, and the burden on the human work environment is also increased.
This causes problems.
Japanese Patent Application No.3087171

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and generates mushrooms from the upper surface of the fungus bed in a relatively simple and reliable manner without the need for high temperature control or the like maintained at 23 to 35 ° C. for a certain period of time. It is intended to develop a method that can be allowed to.

In order to achieve the above object, the culture management method for generating the upper surface of a shiitake fungus bed according to claim 1 is the middle of the cultivation of shiitake fungus bed cultivation, and the mycelium spreads throughout the fungus bed and the nutrient of the medium is increased. Although it is about the time when it begins to decompose and absorb, at the stage where almost no primordial is formed, the wood structure along the side and bottom part of the fungus bed by supplying water to the gap between the side and the bottom part of the cultivation container Culturing is continued while the inside of the plant is saturated, and the generation of mushrooms from the side and bottom of the fungus bed is suppressed by the saturated state, and mushrooms are generated from the top surface of the fungus bed.

The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that a water supply hole is provided on the upper surface of the cultivation container in the middle of the cultivation of shiitake fungus bed cultivation and in a substantially unformed stage of the primordium.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, in the middle of cultivation culture of shiitake fungus bed cultivation and in the almost unformed stage of the primordium, water is supplied to the gap between the side surface and the bottom surface portion of the culture container, and the wood Since the inside of the tissue is saturated, excess air causes air to become scarce, hyphae become suffocated, mushrooms from the side and bottom of the fungus bed are suppressed, and mushrooms are selectively generated only from the top of the fungus bed. To do. At this time, it is not necessary to maintain and manage the fungus bed at a high temperature of 23 to 35 ° C., a large facility such as heating is not required, and the equipment can be simplified.
The occurrence of mushrooms from the formed primordial is selectively concentrated only on the top surface and removed from the bottom and side surfaces, so that each individual weight is heavy, and a high-quality mushroom with a large volume is obtained, At the same time, it is very profitable because it requires less labor and can be sold at a high unit price.

According to the invention of claim 2, if water is supplied by opening a water supply hole on the upper surface of the cultivation container without excising the upper surface of the cultivation bag, the upper surface is not overdried and watering is not performed. Both are efficient.

The shiitake mushroom bed culture management method of the present invention comprises the following steps (a) to (c).
(B) Cultivation process by initial hyphal growth Keeping the water in the mycelium appropriately, the hypha grows using free water in the cell space of the mycelium, and the environment is suitable for growing mycelium at a temperature of 20 ± 1 ° C. , Promote the growth of mycelia in the fungus bed. However, the primordial group is not yet fully formed.
This stage refers to a stage where little primordium may exist, but mushrooms are hardly observed even when a stimulus is given.
(B) Saturation process of the wood structure on the side and bottom of the fungus bed Next, the hyphae spread throughout the fungus bed, and it is about the time when the nutrients in the medium begin to be decomposed and absorbed, but the primordium is still formed. If it is not in the stage, the upper surface of the cultivation container 1 is fully opened or partially opened, and is filled with water over the bottom and side surfaces of the fungus bed.
That is, moisture is absorbed from the bottom and side surfaces of the fungus bed, the cell tissue of the fungus bed is saturated, air is reduced due to excess moisture, and the hyphae are suffocated.
However, at this time, moisture is absorbed from the bottom and side surfaces of the fungus bed, but the absorption remains at the edge of the bottom and side surfaces of the fungus bed and does not penetrate deeply into the inside of the fungus bed. Accordingly, in the inside of the mycelium, the environment suitable for the growth of mycelia and the environment such as the amount of water is continuously maintained, and the primordial base is gradually formed on the upper surface of the mycelia by the smooth growth of the mycelia. Here, the upper surface means an upper portion where water is not immersed.
In the above state, the culture is continued in an environment of 20 ± 1 ° C. until a sufficient primordium is formed on the upper surface of the fungus bed.
(C) Low temperature stimulation process The cultivation container 1 is kept at a low temperature, and the germination of the primordial is promoted by the low temperature stimulation.
(D) Mushroom generation process As described in (b) above, since the primordial is immature at the bottom and side edges of the cultivation container, no mushroom is generated from here.
On the other hand, mushrooms germinate vigorously from here because the upper surface is in an environment of appropriate moisture and temperature.
That is, the occurrence of mushrooms from the side and bottom surfaces of the fungus bed is suppressed, and mushrooms are selectively generated only from the upper surface of the fungus bed.
Moreover, since the generation of mushrooms from the formed primordial is concentrated on the upper surface, there is no waste from the bottom surface and the side surface, so that a heavy, high-quality mushroom can be obtained.
Furthermore, if the upper surface is kept at a suitable humidity by watering or the like, high-quality mushrooms with higher individual weight can be obtained.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention comprising the above steps will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Part 1) A fungus bed 10 as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared. The fungus bed 10 uses a cultivation bag in which a filter 2 is attached to a polypropylene bag in the cultivation container 1, and a medium is molded into a square shape having a width of 20 cm, a length of 12 cm, a height of 17 cm and a weight of about 2,700 g. Sterilized, cooled and inoculated by the method. Kitaken No. 600 was used as the inoculum. Cultivation is controlled at 20 ± 1 ° C for 60 days. In the same environment, a hole is made above the cultivation bag and water is supplied to the inside of the bag so that the bottom and sides of the fungus bed are immersed in water. Continued. After that, it moved to the generation room at 15 ° C., and the upper part of the cultivation bag was cut off, and 1 cm was placed between the fungus beds to generate mushrooms. At this time, the drain hole 11 was provided so that the water 9 would not climb to the upper surface 8 of the fungus bed above the position of the rubber band 10.
That is, the process (b) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 60 days, and the process (b) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 40 days using a method of making a hole above the cultivation bag. This step was performed at 15 ° C., and mushrooms were generated in the step (d) by setting the distance between the bacterial beds to 1 cm.

(Part 2) The same fungus bed as that No. 1 is cultured at 20 ± 1 ° C for 40 days, and in the same environment, a hole is made above the cultivation bag and water is supplied to the inside of the bag. The culture was continued for 60 days in the same environment. After that, it moved to the generation room at 15 ° C., and the upper part of the cultivation bag was cut off, and 1 cm was placed between the fungus beds to generate mushrooms.
That is, the process (b) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 40 days, and the process (b) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 60 days using a method of making a hole above the cultivation bag. This step was performed at 15 ° C., and mushrooms were generated in the step (d) by setting the distance between the bacterial beds to 1 cm.

(Part 3) The same fungus bed as that No. 1 was cultured at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 60 days, and the upper surface of the cultivation bag was cut out in the same environment, and water was supplied to the gap between the side of the fungus bed and the cultivation bag film. The culture was continued once a day for 40 days in the same environment. Then, it moved to the generation room at 15 ° C., and the upper part of the cultivation bag was cut off, and the interval between the bacteria beds was set at 1 cm to generate mushrooms.
That is, the process (a) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 60 days, and the process (b) is performed by cutting off the upper surface of the cultivation bag and supplying water to the gap between the side surface of the fungus bed and the cultivation bag film once every day. Using the method to be performed, it was controlled at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 40 days, the step (c) was carried out at 15 ° C., and the mushrooms were generated in the step (d) with the interval between the bacterial beds being 1 cm.

(Control Example 1) The same fungus bed as that No. 1 was cultured at 20 ± 1 ° C for 100 days, and the upper surface of the cultivation bag was cut out in the same environment and moved to the 15 ° C generation room. Mushrooms were generated by supplying water to the gap between the films and taking 1 cm between the bacteria beds.
That is, the process (b) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 100 days, the process (b) is not performed, the process (c) is performed at 15 ° C., and the interval between the bacterial beds in the process (d). This is a method in which mushrooms were generated with a 1 cm length, and the cultivation was completed by supplying water to the fully ripened fungus bed without performing high temperature treatment.

(Control 2) The same fungus bed as that No. 1 was cultured at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 100 days, and the temperature from the 101st day to the 115th day was 25 ° C. Cut the upper surface of the cultivation bag in an environment of 25 ° C, set the interval between the bacterial beds to 1 cm, supply water to the gap between the side of the bacterial bed and the cultivation film, and manage for 15 days with watering once a day, 20 ° C And 115 days in accordance with the management period of 25 ° C. Thereafter, the temperature was lowered to 15 ° C. to generate mushrooms.
That is, the process (b) is managed at 20 ± 1 ° C. for 100 days, the process (b) is managed at 25 ° C. for 150 days, the upper surface of the cultivation bag is cut off, and water is supplied to the gap between the fungus bed side and the cultivation bag film. In addition, using the method of watering once a day, the step (c) was performed at 15 ° C., and the mushrooms were generated in the step (d) with the interval between the bacterial beds being 1 cm. It is the cultivation method described in the background art which performed the suppression process by a process, and is a cultivation method based on the prior art 1. FIG.

The results are shown in Table 1.

As a result of the above test, while Control Example 1 has a large number of germinations from the side surface, almost no germination from the side surface was observed in those 1-3 subjected to the treatment of the present invention. Moreover, the control example 2 which performed the high temperature process also had few germination from the side surface. From this, it was confirmed that the method of the present invention has a remarkable primordial germination inhibitory effect and has the same germination inhibitory effect as that of Control Example 2 in which high temperature treatment was performed without high temperature treatment.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, in the middle of shiitake fungus bed cultivation and in the almost unformed stage of the primordial base, the inside of the wood tissue is saturated by supplying water or the like to the gap between the side surface and the bottom surface portion of the fungus bed. Since it is in the water state, the air becomes excessive due to the excess of moisture, the hyphae become suffocated, and the generation of mushrooms from the side and bottom surfaces of the fungus bed is suppressed.
On the other hand, in the inside of the fungus bed excluding the bottom and side edges, the environment suitable for the growth of mycelium and the environment such as the amount of water is maintained, and the primordial base gradually rises to the upper surface of the fungus bed with the smooth growth of the mycelium. Since mushrooms are formed, mushrooms are selectively generated only from the upper surface of the opened fungus bed after low temperature stimulation.
In the above process, it is not necessary to maintain and manage the fungus bed at a high temperature of 23 to 35 ° C., and it is not necessary to provide a large heating facility or the like. A simple cultivation facility is sufficient, and the equipment is simplified. Is possible.
Moreover, since the nerve for delicate temperature control is not required, it leads to simplification of the process.

Further, since sufficient air is supplied from the initial stage of the primordial formation on the upper surface of the container, excellent primordial formation is performed, so that the quality of growing mushrooms can be improved.

Furthermore, if water is supplied by opening a water supply hole on the upper surface of the cultivation container without excising the upper portion of the cultivation bag, the upper surface does not become excessively dry, and it is not necessary to spray water.

In addition, the generation of mushrooms from the formed primordium is concentrated selectively only on the top surface and removed from the bottom and side surfaces, so that each individual weight is heavy and a high quality mushroom with a large volume is obtained. At the same time, it is very profitable because it requires little labor and can be sold at a high unit price.

The present invention can be applied to a method for cultivating shiitake mushroom beds that specifically generate mushrooms on the upper surface of shiitake mushroom beds, but can also be applied to hatakejiji and the like on the same principle.

One form figure of the cultivation container which shows one Example of this invention One form of culture growth for upper surface generation of shiitake mushroom bed

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation container 2 Filter 3 Bacteria bed 4 Immature fungi bed without primordial base 5 Water supply hole 6 Water supply hose 7 Water supply 8 Bacteria bed upper surface 9 Water 10 Rubber band 11 Drainage hole 12 Shiitake mushroom

Claims (2)

In the middle of the cultivation of Shiitake fungus bed cultivation, the mycelium spreads throughout the fungus bed and begins to decompose and absorb the nutrients of the medium, but at the stage where almost no primordial is formed,
Supply water to the gap between the fungus bed side and bottom part of the cultivation container, and continue culturing while the inside of the wood tissue along the fungus bed side and bottom part is saturated,
A method for cultivating shiitake mushroom beds, characterized in that mushrooms are suppressed from the side and bottom surfaces of the fungus bed and mushrooms are generated from the upper surface of the fungus bed by the saturated water state. The method for cultivating shiitake mushroom beds according to claim 1, wherein a water supply hole is provided on the upper surface of the cultivation container in the middle of culturing of shiitake mushroom bed cultivation and in a substantially unformed primordial stage.

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