JPH10271913A - Generation of mushroom bed of cortinellus shiitake - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for germination of a mushroom bed of Cortinellus shiitake, capable of continuously germinating highquality mushrooms from the top of a mushroom bed without damaging the mushroom bed. SOLUTION: In a germination process after the completion of culture of mushroom bed cultivation of Cortinellus shiitake, the top of a culture container is removed, only the top of a mushroom bed is exposed, the other parts are left as a culture container with retaining somewhat gap between the side and the bottom part of the mushroom bed and the parts. Water is poured into the gap so as to suppress the germination of mushroom from the side and the bottom of the mushroom bed and to germinate mushrooms only from the top of the mushroom bed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shiitake mushroom bed which continuously produces excellent quality mushrooms from the upper surface of the mushroom bed without damaging the mushroom bed in a generation step after completion of the cultivation of the mushroom bed. The method of occurrence.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional method of exposing the entire surface of a fungus bed to nakedness, there are two methods for promoting the occurrence of mushrooms, and either method is employed. The first method is a method in which a large amount of water is continuously sprayed for about 1 to 3 hours every day so as not to dry the bacterial bed, and the system waits for the occurrence of mushrooms, which is called a "watering method". In this case, the mushrooms are generated in a distributed manner in which the mushrooms are gradually generated for a long time. This sprinkling method requires a large amount of water to sprinkle water, and the mushrooms that occur due to daily sprinkling are mushrooms with a high moisture content of 95%, which is a quality problem of poor shelf life. There is a point.

[0003] The second method is a method in which a fungus bed is submerged in the same manner as in log cultivation, whereby water is supplied to the fungus bed and a low-temperature stimulus is given by the water temperature to promote the occurrence of mushrooms.
It is called about once every 20 to 30 days.
In this case, the stimulus causes intensive generation. In this flooding method, it is possible to grow mushrooms of excellent quality with a water content of 85% to 90%, but it is difficult to control the moisture content of the bare bacterial bed, and it is generally too dry to cause the next generation to occur.
Furthermore, there is a problem that the viability of the bacterial bed is reduced by suffocation at the time of inundation, the life of the bacterial bed is shortened, and the amount of generation in the first generation is small.

[0004] In any of these methods, mushrooms are generated from the entire surface of the microbial bed, so that the mushrooms generated from the side surfaces are prevented from coming into contact with each other and deforming. Generally, a method of arranging bacterial beds at intervals of about several cm to 10 cm is generally used. For this reason, there is a problem that the accommodation density of the generation chamber is low and a generation chamber having a large area is required.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-276421 has been proposed as a technique for suppressing generation from the entire surface of a bacterial bed.
This method uses a synthetic resin bag as a cultivation container, forms a bacterial bed in an oval column shape, and provides a shallow hole at the center of the upper part to quickly mature the upper part of the bacterial bed, exposing the upper surface of the bacterial bed in the generation process. Then, grow mushrooms from the exposed surface. According to this method, the middle and lower tiers have no holes, so that ripening is delayed and they are in an immature state, and the occurrence of mushrooms from portions other than the upper portion of the bacterial bed can be suppressed.

[0006] However, in the case of No. 1 or No. 2, mushrooms are generated from the upper part of the aged bacterial bed, but the lower part also matures over time, and the space between the side surface of the bacterial bed and the bag is formed due to decomposition of the medium. The primordium is formed in the space where the gap is formed, and mushrooms are generated on the side surface in the case of the third and subsequent generations. Therefore, after the third occurrence, it is necessary to remove and manage the bag on the side, and the same problem as in the case of exposing and controlling the entire surface of the bacterial bed occurs. In addition, in this method, while the shape of the bacterial bed is limited to a long columnar shape,
Recently, large bacterial beds (medium weight of about 2.5 kg to 3 kg) are used to easily generate large mushrooms, and square bacterial beds are often used to further increase the storage density. On the floor, a gap is formed between the side of the bacterial bed and the bag from the time of preparation, and mushrooms occur on the side of the bacterial bed from the first occurrence. That is, since generation from only the upper surface of the bacterial bed does not continue, and it is unsuitable for a square bacterial bed, it has not been generally adopted.

[0007] As described above, at present, there are many problems, but the method of exposing the entire surface of the bacterial bed is widely used.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional problems, and it is possible to use a simple method for a bacterial bed of any shape irrespective of a columnar or square shape. Provided is a method for generating a shiitake mushroom bed in which mushrooms of excellent quality are continuously generated only from the upper surface while appropriately retaining moisture of the bacterial bed with only the upper surface exposed.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for removing the upper part of a cultivation vessel and exposing only the upper surface of a bacterium in a developing step after completion of cultivation of a shiitake bacterium. The part is kept as a cultivation container by holding a slight gap between the bacterial bed side and the bottom part, suppressing the occurrence of mushrooms from the bacterial bed side and bottom by pouring water into the gap, from the bacterial bed top This is a method for generating a bed of Shiitake mushrooms, characterized in that the bed is generated.

[0010] In the above structure, the upper part of the cultivation container is removed to expose only the upper surface of the cultivation bed, and the upper edge portion of the cultivation container is lightly squeezed from the outside with an elastic body, so that the side surface of the bacterium bed and the upper edge are removed. This is a method for generating a shiitake mushroom bed by narrowing the space between the inner wall and the inner wall.

[0011] In each of the above structures, at least 3 days before the completion of the culture and at least 5 days immediately after the start of the development step are controlled in a temperature range of 23 ° C to 30 ° C, and the opening added when the upper surface of the bacterial bed is exposed is controlled. This is a method of generating a Shiitake mushroom bed that effectively generates mushrooms only from the upper surface of the bacterial bed by suppressing the occurrence of mushrooms due to stimulation and then lowering the temperature to 10 ° C. to 20 ° C. as needed.

In each of the above constructions, a drainage hole is provided at the lower part of the cultivation container, and air is supplied by natural reduction of the water injected into the clearance between the side and bottom surfaces of the bacteria bed and the cultivation container, and replenishment after complete drainage. This is a method of generating a shiitake mushroom bed that repeatedly activates the whole surface of the bacterial bed by interrupting the supply of water and promotes continuous mushroom generation.

[0013]

Embodiment

(Part 1) A bacterial bed 10 as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared. This bacterial bed 10 uses a cultivation bag in which a filter is mounted on a polypropylene bag in a cultivation container, forms a medium into a square shape having a width of 20 cm, a length of 12 cm, a height of 17 cm and a weight of about 2700 g, and is sterilized and cooled by a conventional method. Inoculation was performed. Hokuken 600 was used as the inoculum. Culture is controlled at 20 ° C ± 1 ° C for 100 days.
Cut off the top of the cultivation bag in an environment of 5 ° C, set the spacing between the bacterial beds as 1cm as shown in Fig. 3, pour water into the gap between the side of the bacterial bed and the cultivation bag film, and spray water once every three days, then mushrooms Occurred.

(Part 2) The same bacterial bed as in (Part 1) is cultured at 20 ° C. ± 1 ° C. for 80 days.
The temperature was 25 ° C. until the day. Cut the top of the cultivation bag in an environment of 25 ° C., and set the spacing between the bacterial beds to 1 cm as shown in FIG.
Water was injected into the gap between the side of the fungus bed and the cultivation bag film, and water was sprayed once a day for 15 days, and the management period at 20 ° C. and 25 ° C. was 100 days. Thereafter, the temperature was lowered to 15 ° C., and watering was performed once every three days to generate mushrooms.

(Part 3) At the time of cutting the upper surface of the cultivation bag, small holes were made in the lower part of the owl, and other environments were managed in the same manner as in (Part 2), and mushrooms were generated.

(Part 4) The upper edge of the cultivation bag, which has been cut off at the time of cutting the upper part of the cultivation bag, is lightly squeezed with a rubber band having a lower elasticity than the outside, and the other environment is managed in the same manner as (Part 3). , Caused mushrooms. As a result of narrowing the space between the bacterial bed side surface and the upper edge inner wall by narrowing the upper edge portion by a rubber band, drying in the cultivation container is effectively prevented, and activation of the entire bacterial bed is promoted and continued. The occurrence of mushrooms is encouraged.

(Control) The bacterial bed was cultured at 20 ° C. ± 1 ° C. for 100 days, all the cultivation bags were removed, and the distance between the bacterial beds was 1
It was set 0cm apart. Thereafter, the temperature was lowered to 15 ° C., and after the first mushroom generation and harvesting, flood control was performed for about 3 hours to perform the second and subsequent mushroom generations.

The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0019]

[Table 1] Number of tests Number of buds per generation per bacterial bed Top surface Side surface Bottom of mushrooms Total average individual weight Average generation amount (Part 1) 1000 4180 49 24 g 1176 g (Part 2) 1000 47 10 48 24 g 1152 g (Part 3) 1000 55 10 56 23 g 1288 g (Part 4) 1000 5800 58 23 g 1334 g Control example 1000 13 68 11 92 12 g 1104 g

As is clear from the above results, the number of buds generated from the upper surface of the bacterial bed is much higher in each embodiment than in the control example, and the ratio is high. Further, in comparison of the embodiments, 1 <
The occurrence rate of mushrooms from the upper surface of the bacterial bed increases in the order of 2 <3. Furthermore, the average individual weight of the mushrooms was the control example 1.
In comparison with 2 g, the embodiment is 23 to 24 g, which is about twice as heavy, has many mushrooms of good quality with volume, and has a very high profitability because it can be sold at a high unit price with little labor for harvesting. Shows that the total weight of the mushroom is also high.

[0021]

[Embodiment again]

(Part 5) In each of the embodiments described above, the case where the cultivation environment is controlled by air conditioning is shown, but it is also applicable to natural cultivation. A fungal bed 10 similar to the first one is prepared from winter to spring, and cultured in a natural environment.
The upper part of the cultivation bag was cut off at a high temperature exceeding ℃, and a small hole was made in the bottom of the cultivation bag to perform watering management. Watering was performed once a day to the extent that water was collected between the side surface of the bacterial bed and the bag film, and the collected water was discharged from the small hole at the bottom in a few minutes. If the temperature falls in the fall during the above management, the minimum temperature will fall below 15 ° C.
The occurrence of mushrooms was confirmed only from the upper surface of the bacterial bed. In addition, as a control, all the bags were removed during the high temperature period, and the sprinkling control was performed with the bacterial bed naked, but the occurrence time was the same, but the mushroom was generated from the entire surface of the bacterial bed .

The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0023]

[Table 2] Number of tests Number of buds per generation per bacterial bed Top surface Side surface Bottom of mushroom bed Total average individual weight Average generation amount (Part 5) 1000 56 40 60 22 g 1320 g Control example 1000 5 66 13 84 15 g 1260g

The number of buds generated from the upper surface of the bacterial bed is much higher than that of the control, and the ratio is high. Also, the average individual weight of the mushrooms is heavier than that of the control, and a good quality mushroom with a volume is obtained.

[0025] Since the present invention is configured as described above, the upper surface of the exposed bacterial bed is exposed to fresh air, and the primordium prepared on the upper surface grows into mushrooms in an appropriate environment. On the other hand, the primordium on the side surface and the bottom surface suppresses the growth activity by injecting water into the gap between the side surface of the fungus bed and the bag and bringing it into contact with water. In addition, after removing the upper part of the cultivation container and exposing only the upper surface of the cultivation bed, the upper edge of the cultivation container is lightly squeezed with an elastic body from the outside to thereby reduce the space between the bacterium bed side surface and the inner wall of the upper edge. Narrowed

If the side and bottom surfaces of the microbial bed have been in contact with water for too long a period of time, there will be a partial excess of water. The state in which the air is replaced can be easily repeated intermittently. In addition, since excess water quickly escapes from the small holes for drainage, water can be injected into the gap between the side surface and the cultivation container by a simple method of spraying water directly from the bacterial bed. Sprinkling is enough that the gap is temporarily full, so a lot of water
do not need. The side of the fungus bed is wrapped in a cultivation container, so that moisture can be easily retained and it does not become over-dried. The water condition is maintained properly and the life is prolonged, which is effective for continuously generating mushrooms from the upper surface of the bacterial bed.

The removal of a part of the cultivation container to expose the upper surface of the bacterial bed in this way is to stimulate the primordium on the side surface, while water is injected into the gap between the side surface of the bacterial bed and the container. This is to suppress the growth of the primordium in this part, and it is necessary that the inhibitory force be stronger than the stimulus. For example, in the case of exposing after the movement of the bacterial bed, a strong vibration stimulus is applied depending on the moving method, and the possibility of occurrence of mushrooms increases.
Therefore, in order to more reliably suppress, at least 3 days before the completion of the cultivation, the temperature is controlled in a temperature zone of 23 ° C. to 35 ° C., and then a part of the cultivation container is removed to expose the upper surface of the bacterial bed,
Perform the work of injecting water into the gap between the side of the bacterial bed and the container, and then keep the temperature in the temperature zone of 23 ° C to 35 ° C for at least 3 days after that, place it under conditions where mushrooms are unlikely to occur, and expose the upper surface of the bacterial bed It is possible to avoid the occurrence of mushrooms due to the temporary opening stimulus applied at the time of the release, and to reduce the temperature to 10 ° C. to 20 ° C. at the time of the subsequent generation, thereby effectively generating the mushrooms only from the upper surface.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the procedure of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing an arrangement state of a cultivation container in a generation chamber when the method of the present invention is performed.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shigeo Takano 7-3 Higashicho, Mibucho-eki, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Pref.

Claims (4)

[Claims] In the generation step after the completion of cultivation of Shiitake mushroom bed cultivation, the top of the cultivation vessel is removed to expose only the top of the mushroom bed, and other parts are slightly spaced between the side and bottom of the mushroom bed. A method of generating a Shiitake mushroom bed, wherein a mushroom from the side and bottom surfaces of a bacterial bed is suppressed by retaining a gap and left as a cultivation container, and water is injected into the gap to generate mushrooms only from the upper surface of the bacterial bed. 2. The method according to claim 2, wherein only the upper surface of the cultivation container is exposed by removing the upper portion of the cultivation container, and the upper edge portion of the cultivation container is lightly squeezed with an elastic body from the outside, so that the bacterium bed side surface and the upper edge portion inner wall are separated. The method according to claim 1, wherein the space is narrowed. 3. The method of claim 3, wherein the period of at least 3 days before the completion of the culture and / or at least 3 days after the control of the development step is from 23 ° C.
The temperature was controlled at a temperature of 35 ° C. to suppress the occurrence of mushrooms due to the open stimulus applied when the upper surface of the bacterial bed was exposed.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is reduced to a temperature of from 20 ° C. to 20 ° C. to effectively generate only the upper surface of the bacterial bed. 4. A drain hole is provided at the lower part of the cultivation container, and air is supplied by natural reduction of water injected into the gap between the cultivation container and the side and bottom of the fungus bed, and water is supplied by replenishing water after complete drainage. The method of claim 1, wherein activation of the entire surface of the bacterial bed is promoted by repeatedly interrupting the mushrooming to promote continuous mushroom generation.