JP4361275B2 - ジペプチジル・ペプチダーゼivの2,1−オキサゾリンおよび1,2−ピラゾリンに基づくインヒビターおよび方法 - Google Patents
ジペプチジル・ペプチダーゼivの2,1−オキサゾリンおよび1,2−ピラゾリンに基づくインヒビターおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4361275B2 JP4361275B2 JP2002580932A JP2002580932A JP4361275B2 JP 4361275 B2 JP4361275 B2 JP 4361275B2 JP 2002580932 A JP2002580932 A JP 2002580932A JP 2002580932 A JP2002580932 A JP 2002580932A JP 4361275 B2 JP4361275 B2 JP 4361275B2
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- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 61
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- 101000930822 Giardia intestinalis Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- WEQPBCSPRXFQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole Chemical compound C1CC=NO1 WEQPBCSPRXFQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
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- -1 polyhaloalkoxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 61
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
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Description
XはHまたはCN(すなわち、シアノ);
YはN、NHまたはO;
ZはCHまたはCH2、但し、YがOまたはNHのとき、ZはCH2でY−Z結合が単結合、およびYがNのとき、ZはCHでY−Z結合が二重結合、XがHのときY−Z≠NH−CH2;
R1とR4は必要に応じて、共に合して−(CR7R8)p−(ここで、pは3〜6、およびR7およびR8は同一もしくは異なって、それぞれ独立してヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、シアノ、H、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルキルアルキル、シクロアルケニル、アリール、アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキルアルキル、アルキルカルボニルアミノ、アリールカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、アリールオキシカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニル、アリールオキシカルボニルまたはアルキルアミノカルボニルアミノから選ばれ)を形成してもよく、あるいは
R1とR3は必要に応じて、
加えて、本発明によれば、糖尿病および上記および下記の関連疾患並びに上述の他の疾患状態のいずれかの処置法であって、該処置を必要とするヒト患者に対し、化合物Iと、他種の抗糖尿病剤(糖尿病および関連疾患の処置に使用しうる)の1、2、3種またはそれ以上および/または他種の治療剤の1、2、3種またはそれ以上との組合せの治療上有効量を投与する処置法も提供される。
“糖尿病合併症”と集合的に称せられる症状、疾患および疾病としては、網膜症、神経障害および腎症、および他の公知の糖尿病の合併症が挙げられる。
本発明の上記方法において、使用する化合物Iと抗糖尿病剤または他種の治療剤との重量比は、その施用モードに応じて、約0.01:1〜500:1、好ましくは約0.1:1〜100:1、より好ましくは約0.2:1〜10:1の範囲内にある。
最も好ましい式Iの化合物は、上記好ましい化合物にあってXが
このように、本発明の好ましい化合物Iは、成分:
式Iの化合物は、下記の反応式1〜3およびその説明で示される方法によって生成しうる。
反応式1において、X1がHまたはCO2R9およびYがNでZがCH(Y−Z結合が二重結合)またはYがOでZがCH2(Y−Z結合が単結合)である化合物1は、本明細書の記載あるいは技術文献[たとえばCarreiraらの「J.Am.Chem.Soc.」(119、8379−8380頁、1997年);HenkeらのGer.Offen.DE3643012;Vasellaらの「Helv.Chim.Acta.」(66、1241−1252頁、1983年)参照]に記載の方法によって生成しうる。
同様に、反応式2において、X1がHまたはCO2R9およびYがN−PG1(PG1は前記と同じ)でZがCH2(Y−Z結合が単結合)である化合物1は、技術文献[たとえばCarreiraらの「J.Am.Chem.Soc.」(119、8379−8380頁、1997年)参照]に記載の方法によって生成しうる。残りのIaおよびIbをもたらす化学作用については、上述の通りである。
本発明でそれ単独または他の基の一部として用いる語句“アルカノイル”とは、アルキルがカルボニル基に結合したものを指称する。
上述のアルキル基が、2つの異なる炭素原子で他の基に結合する単結合を有する場合、それらは“アルキレン”基と称せられ、かつ必要に応じて上記“アルキル”の場合の記載に準じ置換されてよい。
語句“金属イオン”とは、ナトリウム、カリウムまたはリチウムなどのアルカリ金属イオンおよびマグネシウムやカルシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属イオン、並びに亜鉛およびアルミニウムを指称する。
本発明でそれ単独または他の基の一部として用いる語句“ヘテロアリールアルキル”または“ヘテロアリールアルケニル”とは、上記ヘテロアリール基がC原子またはヘテロ原子を介して上述の−(CH2)r−鎖、アルキレンまたはアルケニレンに結合したものを指称する。
本発明で用いる語句“ポリハロアルコキシ”とは、2〜9個、好ましくは2〜5個のハロ置換基、たとえばFまたはCl(好ましくはF)を有する上記“アルコキシ”または“アルキルオキシ”基を指称し、たとえばCF3CH2O、CF3OまたはCF3CF2CH2Oが挙げられる。
他の抗糖尿病剤は、経口用の抗高血糖症剤、好ましくはメトホルミンもしくはフェンホルミンまたはこれらの塩、好ましくは塩酸メトホルミンなどのビグアニドであってよい。
また他の抗糖尿病剤は好ましくは、スルホニル尿素、たとえばグリブリド(グリベンクラミドとしても公知)、グリメピリド(glimepiride)(U.S.特許No.4379785に開示)、グリピジド、グリクラジド(gliclazide)もしくはクロルプロパミド、他の公知のスルホニル尿素化合物またはβ−細胞のATP−依存チャネルに作用する他の抗高血糖症剤であってもよく、グリブリドおよびグリピジドが好ましく、これらの薬物は同一または別々の経口投与剤形で投与されうる。
また経口用の抗糖尿病剤は、グルコシダーゼ・インヒビター、たとえばアカーボース(acarbose)(U.S.特許No.4904769に開示)またはミグリトール(miglitol)(U.S.特許No.4639436に開示)であってもよく、これらの薬物は同一または別々の経口投与剤形で投与されうる。
スルホニル尿素およびチアゾリジンジオンは、約150mgの経口用抗糖尿病剤より少ない量で、式Iの化合物と共に単一錠剤に加えることができる。
存在させる場合の、チアゾリジンジオン抗糖尿病剤は、1日当り約0.01〜2000mgの範囲内の量で使用でき、そして1日1回の単一または2〜4回の分割用量で投与されてよい。
存在させる場合の、GLP−1ペプチドは、U.S.特許No.5346701(TheraTech)、5614492および5631224に記載の如く、経口口内用製剤にて鼻腔内投与(たとえば吸入噴霧)により、または非経口で投与されてよい。
低脂血剤は、コレステロール吸収インヒビター、好ましくはSchering−PloughのSCH48461並びに「Atherosclerosis」(115、45−63、1995年)および「J.Med.Chem.」(41、973、1998年)に開示のものであってもよい。
脂質調節剤は、コレステリルエステル転移たん白(CETP)インヒビター、たとえばPfizerのCP529414(WO/0038722およびEP818448)およびPharmaciaのSC−744およびSC−795であってよい。
上述のU.S.特許を参考までに、本明細書に導入する。使用される量や投与量については、PDRおよび/または上記の特許文献に示される通りである。
投与量は、患者の年令、体重および症状、並びに投与ルート、投与剤形および生活規制や所望結果に応じて注意して調整しなければならない。
また適用可能な場合に、使用される他の低脂血剤の投与量や配合についても、PDRの最新版に記載がある。
好ましい経口投与剤形、たとえば錠剤またはカプセル剤は、MTPインヒビターを約1〜500mg、好ましくは約2〜400mg、より好ましくは約5〜250mgの量にて、1日1〜4回分として含有する。
好ましい経口投与剤形、たとえば錠剤またはカプセル剤は、HMG CoAレダクターゼ・インヒビターは、約0.1〜100mg、好ましくは約5〜80mg、より好ましくは約10〜40mgの量で含有する。
上述の組成物は、上記投与剤形にて、1日1回の単一用量もしくは2〜4回の分割用量で投与されてよい。患者への投与は低用量で開始し、次いで徐々に高用量にするのが望まれる。
必要に応じて式IのDP4インヒビターと共に使用しうる他種の治療剤は、ベータ3アドレナリン作用性アゴニスト、リパーゼ・インヒビター、セロトニン(およびドパミン)再摂取インヒビター、甲状腺レセプタ・ベータ化合物、食欲抑制剤、および/または脂肪酸酸化アップレギュレーターを含む抗肥満剤の1、2、3種またはそれ以上であってよい。
必要に応じて式Iの化合物と組合せて使用しうるセロトニン(およびドパミン)再摂取インヒビターは、シブトラミン(sibutramine)またはトピラメート(topiramate)(ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン)であってよい。
必要に応じて式Iの化合物と組合せて使用しうる脂肪酸酸化アツプレギュレーターは、ファモキシン(famoxin)(Genset)であってよい。
上記の各種抗肥満剤は、一般に当該分野もしくはPDRで公知の用量および生活規制で、式Iの化合物と同じ投与剤形または異なる投与剤形にて使用されてよい。
必要に応じて本発明のDP4インヒビターと組合せて使用しうる、炎症性腸疾患もしくは症候群を処置する作用物質は、スルファサラジン、サリチレート、メサラミン(Asacol(登録商標)、P&G)またはZelmac(登録商標、ブリストル−マイヤーズ・スクイブ)の1、2種またはそれ以上であってよく、これらはPDRまたはその他公知の量で使用しうる。
ブタ酵素を後記文献(1)の記載に準じ、幾つかの改変を行って精製した。15〜20匹のブタから腎臓を得、次いで皮質を切り離し、−80℃で凍結させる。凍結した組織(2000〜2500g)を、ウォーリング(Waring)ブレンダーにて、12Lの0.25Mスクロース中で均質化する。次いでホモジネートを37℃で18時間放置して、細胞膜からのDP−4の開裂を促進する。
酵素を後記文献(2)に記載の定常状態条件下、基質としてgly−pro−p−ニトロアニリドを用い、以下の如く改変を行って検定する。反応液は、25℃、pH7.4にて、最終容量100μLで、100mMのAces、52mMのTRIS、52mMのエタノールアミン、500μMのgly−pro−p−ニトロアニリド、0.2%DMSO、および4.5nMの酵素を含有する。10μM試験化合物の単一アッセイの場合、96ウェル(well)ミクロタイター・プレートのウェルに、緩衝液、化合物および酵素を加え、室温で5分間培養する。
文献(2):ナガツ・T.、ヒノ・M.、フヤマダ・H.、ハヤカワ・T.サカキバラ・S.、ナカガワ・Y.およびタケモト・T.の「Anal.Biochem.」(74、466−476、1976年)
Ph=フェニル
Bn=ベンジル
i−Bu=イソブチル
Me=メチル
Et=エチル
TMS=トリメチルシリル
FMOC=フルオレニルメトキシカルボニル
Boc=t−ブトキシカルボニル
Cbz=カルボベンジルオキシまたはカルボベンゾキシまたはベンジルオキシカルボニル
HOAcまたはAcOH=酢酸
Et2NH=ジエチルアミン
NMM=N−メチルモルホリン
n−BuLi=n−ブチルリチウム
Pd/C=パラジウム/炭素
PtO2=酸化プラチナ
TEA=トリエチルアミン
EDAC=3−エチル−3’−(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル−カルボジイミド塩酸塩(または1−[(3−(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル]−3−エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩)
HOAT=1−ヒドロキシ−7−アザベンゾトリアゾール
PyBOP試薬=ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イルオキシ−トリピロリジノホスホニウム・ヘキサフルオロホスフェート
min=分
hまたはhr=時間
L=リットル
mL=ミリリットル
μL=ミクロリットル
mg=ミリグラム
mol=モル
mmol=ミリモル
meq=ミリ当量
RT=室温
satまたはsat'd=飽和
aq.=水性
HPLC=高性能液体クロマトグラフィー
LC/MS=高性能液体クロマトグラフィー/マススペクトロメトリー
MSまたはMass Spec=マススペクトロメトリー
NMR=核磁気共鳴
mp=融点
Claims (12)
- 式:
XはCN;
YはN、NHまたはO;
ZはCHまたはCH2、但し、YがOまたはNHのとき、ZはCH2でY−Z結合が単結合、およびYがNのとき、ZはCHでY−Z結合が二重結合;
R1,R2,R3およびR4は同一もしくは異なって、それぞれ独立して水素、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルキルアルキル、ビシクロアルキル、ビシクロアルキルアルキル、アルキルチオアルキル、アリールアルキルチオアルキル、シクロアルケニル、アリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキルまたはシクロヘテロアルキルアルキルから選ばれ、これらの基は必要に応じて有効炭素原子を介して、水素、ハロ、アルキル、ポリハロアルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルコキシ、ポリハロアルコキシ、アルコキシカルボニル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルキルアルキル、ポリシクロアルキル、ヘテロアリールアミノ、アリールアミノ、シクロヘテロアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキルアルキル、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシアルキル、ニトロ、シアノ、アミノ、置換アミノ、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、チオール、アルキルチオ、アルキルカルボニル、アシル、アルコキシカルボニル、アミノカルボニル、アルキニルアミノカルボニル、アルキルアミノカルボニル、アルケニルアミノカルボニル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、アルキルカルボニルアミノ、アリールカルボニルアミノ、アルキルスルホニルアミノ、アルキルアミノカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、アルキルスルホニル、アミノスルフィニル、アミノスルホニル、アルキルスルフィニル、スルホンアミドまたはスルホニルから選ばれる1、2、3、4もしくは5個の基で置換されてよく;
またR1とR3は必要に応じて、共に合して−(CR5R6)m−(ここで、mは2〜6、およびR5およびR6は同一もしくは異なって、それぞれ独立してヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、H、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルキルアルキル、シクロアルケニル、アリール、アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキルアルキル、アルキルカルボニルアミノ、アリールカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、アリールオキシカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニル、アリールオキシカルボニルまたはアルキルアミノカルボニルアミノから選ばれ)を形成してもよく、あるいは
R1とR4は必要に応じて、共に合して−(CR7R8)p−(ここで、pは3〜6、およびR7およびR8は同一もしくは異なって、それぞれ独立してヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、シアノ、H、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルキルアルキル、シクロアルケニル、アリール、アリールアルキル、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロアリールアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキル、シクロヘテロアルキルアルキル、アルキルカルボニルアミノ、アリールカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、アリールオキシカルボニルアミノ、アルコキシカルボニル、アリールオキシカルボニルまたはアルキルアミノカルボニルアミノから選ばれ)を形成してもよく、あるいは
R1とR3は必要に応じて、
R1とR3は必要に応じて、
で示される化合物、またはその全ての立体異性体あるいはその医薬的に許容しうる塩。 - R3がHまたはアルキル、R1がH、アルキル、シクロアルキルまたはビシクロアルキル、R2がHまたはアルキル、nが0、およびXがCNである請求項1に記載の化合物。
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- 2002-03-26 US US10/107,279 patent/US6573287B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-05 AT AT02723791T patent/ATE443517T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2002-04-05 EP EP02723791A patent/EP1377288B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-04-05 DE DE60233785T patent/DE60233785D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-04-05 AU AU2002254557A patent/AU2002254557B2/en not_active Ceased
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ES2331352T3 (es) | 2009-12-30 |
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WO2002083128A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
ATE443517T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
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CA2444465A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
JP2004532220A (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
AU2002254557B2 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
DE60233785D1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
EP1377288A4 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
US20020183367A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
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