JP4354570B2 - Packaging method and equipment for adhesive products or similar products - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a packaging method and equipment for adhesive products according to the features of claims 1 and 10. The invention also relates to a packaged adhesive product or similar product.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In practice, adhesive products, such as adhesive products in the form of hot melt adhesives, are not generally used at the manufacturing site. The adhesive product needs to be packaged in an appropriate transport container so that it can be transported from the manufacturing site to the use site. Thus, an important function of the shipping container is to avoid contacting the adhesive product with the means used for shipping and possibly storage. The shipping container must also be configured so that the adhesive product is completely removed, i.e. does not adhere to the inner wall of the container.
[0003]
U.S. Pat. No. 5,373,582 describes a method and equipment of the type described above, in which a single plastic film is first continuously formed into a hollow tubular body by a film bonding apparatus. Such a hollow tubular body is produced at a filling station for adhesive product packaging. The distal end of the tubular body in the tube forming direction is first contracted by the clamping roller, thereby closing the tubular body at one end. Thereafter, the liquid adhesive product is filled into a tubular body closed at one end. After this filling has been done to some extent, the next part of the continuously produced tubular body is also shrunk by the clamping rollers, thereby creating individual packets filled with the adhesive product. Such packets are cooled at a pre-determined temperature before being separated from the continuously made tubular body.
[0004]
The methods and equipment described above have the disadvantage that a plastic film is used for the protective coating and a hollow tubular body must be made from this plastic film by a complex manufacturing method. That is, due to such a complicated manufacturing method, the filling equipment itself requires equipment parts and additional parts, which leads to an increase in the cost of the filling equipment.
[0005]
U.S. Pat. No. 3,469,363 also describes a method and apparatus having a construction and operation similar to the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 5,373,682 (a mistake of 5,373,582). . The essential difference is that the tubular body is made from two plastic films rather than from one plastic film. Therefore, in this case, the problem described in US Pat. No. 5,373,682 (is the mistake of US Pat. No. 5,373,582) occurs twice.
[0006]
Finally, U.S. Pat. No. 3,327,349 describes an extruder for applying a coating to an extruded product by a co-extrusion (co-extrusion) process. This coated material is in a viscous state so that the protective coating can be easily applied to the adhesive product.
[0007]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and equipment of the type described above that can package adhesive products in a simple and effective manner. Another object of the present invention is to provide an adhesive product of the type described above that is effectively packaged within a protective coating.
[0008]
For this method, the above object is achieved by the features described in the claims . By co-extruding the liquid adhesive product and the non-stick material for the protective coating in an extruder (co-extrusion), the adhesive product can be packaged very simply and effectively. This method does not require the complex operations required by the two methods described in US Pat. No. 5,373,682 (number difference) and US Pat. No. 3,469,363.
[0009]
Depending on the viscosity of the adhesive product and the viscosity of the protective coating, it may be advantageous to perform a coagulation treatment immediately after the coextrusion process.
In order to perform this coagulation process successfully, various processes can be applied to the extruded product. For example, it may be particularly effective to guide the extruded product a predetermined distance in order to solidify the extruded product.
[0010]
When the adhesive product is heated for liquefaction, the solidification process can consist of cooling the extruded product comprising the liquid adhesive product and a protective coating for the adhesive product.
[0011]
A particularly simple method of this cooling process is to immerse the extruded product obtained by the coextrusion process in a water bath. For this purpose, the extruded product can flow directly into the water tank. This can be achieved by the following configuration. That is, the extrusion tool for co-extrusion is discharged below the water surface of the water tank so that the product to be extruded is immediately completely surrounded by water when it flows out of the extrusion tool.
In order to perform other various treatments on the extruded product after cooling in the water tank, it is desirable to perform a drying treatment after the cooling treatment.
[0012]
In order to facilitate the handling of the extruded product by the user of the adhesive product, it is desirable to separate the extruded product into individual packets after the co-extrusion process, particularly after the coagulation process. In order to facilitate the separation process, it is preferable to preliminarily divide the product to be extruded before final solidification to form a chain-like packet connected to each other. This chain will resemble chain-like sausages connected to each other, for example. For this chaining, it is preferable to perform the above-mentioned pre-segmentation when the product to be extruded is flexible enough to be deformed by a machine tool.
[0013]
This object for this installation is achieved by the features described in the claims . This equipment also has the same advantages as described for the inventive method described above. Also in this installation, it is preferable that the solidification path is directly connected to the extruded product outlet of the extrusion tool. In order to reduce the size of the equipment in particular, it is effective to extend the solidification path spirally in one plane, preferably in a horizontal plane.
[0014]
As described above in the method of the present invention, the solidification process can be a cooling process when the adhesive product is heated for its liquefaction. Thus, the solidification path is composed of a cooling path. In general, the cooling channel can consist of a special cooling device such as a cold air fan, however, a special simple means of ensuring a gentle handling of the product is to provide a cooling channel in the form of an aquarium. It is. The cooling bath can use water or other liquid that is chemically neutral to the extruded product. The liquid in the cooling bath can also be used to treat the protective coating on the extruded product.
[0015]
In order to cool the extruded product as soon as possible after it flows out of the extrusion tool, the extruded product can preferably be discharged directly into a water bath. For this purpose, as described above, the extruded product outlet of the extrusion tool should be under the surface of the water tank so that the extruded product is immediately and completely surrounded by water when it flows out of the extrusion tool. Particularly preferred.
[0016]
In order to appropriately pull out the extruded product from the extrusion tool, it is preferable to provide a drawing roller for the extruded product in the water tank.
In order to convey the extruded product in the water tank, various conveying means can be used. Since the extruded product that has flowed out of the extrusion tool is still deformable due to the remaining heat, a gentle conveying method must be used. For this purpose, the extruded product is transported along the cooling path at least partway by a water spray nozzle. Of course, this conveying means can be combined with other conveying means.
In order to facilitate the processing of the extruded product after cooling, it is preferable to provide a drying path after the water tank.
[0017]
As described above with respect to the method of the present invention, it is preferable that the extruded product that has flowed out of the coagulation path is separated by a separation device to form a divided packet. This facilitates the use and especially the distribution of the extruded product. When a tightening (compression) device is provided in the solidification path to form a chain-like packet in which the products to be extruded from the extrusion tool are connected to each other before final solidification, the above-described separation step can be performed more easily. it can. Such a clamping device can be composed of, for example, two star-shaped rollers, and the extruded product flowing out from the extrusion tool flows between these rollers. These star-shaped rollers have several ribs projecting radially outward over their entire circumference, the number of ribs being determined according to the length of the packet. The two star rollers are arranged so that the two opposed ribs sandwich the product to be extruded between them.
[0018]
If the product to be extruded is solidified by cooling in the water tank, it is particularly advantageous to place the clamping device between the outlet of the product to be extruded and the drawing roller in the water tank.
[0019]
The extrusion tool can use an extrusion head having an inlet port for the adhesive product, an outlet port for the adhesive product, and an annular outlet port for the non-stick protective coating material, respectively. The inlet and outlet ports are connected at least substantially coaxially and the annular outlet port for the non-stick material is located between the inlet and outlet ports for the adhesive product.
[0020]
It should be noted that adhesive products packaged by the method and equipment according to the present invention can be non-tacky protective coatings that are chemically neutral to the adhesive product. The protective coating can also be chemically compatible with the adhesive product. The protective coating can also be composed of a material that is non-tacky to the outside but reacts with the adhesive product in the boundary layer between the protective coating and the adhesive product. In either of these cases, it is preferred that the protective coating can be treated with the adhesive product during subsequent use of the adhesive product without having to be removed from the adhesive product.
The protective coating should be in the range of about 1-5% by weight of the adhesive product.
[0021]
It should be noted that the term “adhesive product” is not a function in which the adhesive product connects two or several parts by bonding, but a structure having a function of exhibiting adhesive properties as a result of chemical composition. (Fabrics). Such materials can also be easily packaged by the method and equipment according to the present invention. The present invention is particularly effective when used in a hot melt adhesive.
In the following, embodiments of the present invention and other preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As shown in FIG. 1, an installation according to the invention for packaging adhesive products or similar products has a tank 10 for containing the adhesive product. The adhesive product can be put into the tank 10 in the form of fine particles or powder, and is liquefied in the tank 10 by a heating device (not shown). Such an adhesive product to be packaged later can be put into a tank in a liquid form in advance and kept in a liquid state by a heating device in the tank.
[0023]
The liquid adhesive product is transferred from this tank 10 via a connecting line 12 to a metering pump 20. From this metering pump 20, the adhesive product is transferred to the extrusion device 30 via the connection line 22. The pusher 32 of the pusher 30 will be described in more detail later with reference to FIGS. As the extrusion device 30, a known configuration of either a single screw type extruder or a twin screw type extruder can be used.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 1, another tank 50 contains a non-adhesive material that forms a protective covering (sheath). This non-adhesive material can also be put into the tank 50 in the form of fine particles or powder, and liquefied in the tank 50 by a heating device (not shown).
[0025]
The non-adhesive material for forming the protective coating can also be put in the tank 50 in a liquid form in advance and kept in a liquid state in the tank 50 by a heating device.
The non-adhesive material for the protective coating construction is transferred from the tank 50 to the extrusion device 30 via the connection line 52.
[0026]
The extruded product, that is, the extruded product E, continuously discharged from the extrusion device 30, specifically, the extrusion tool 32 (see FIG. 4), is the adhesive product from the tank 10 and the adhesive product. And a non-adhesive protective coating from the tank 50. Such an extruded product E is conveyed to the cooling device 60. The cooling device 60 has a passage 62 containing water, and the passage 62 extends spirally from the outside, that is, from the extrusion device 30 to the inside, in a plane, particularly in the horizontal plane, as clearly shown in FIG. Exists. As shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cooling device 60 is supported by a frame 64, which also supports the extrusion device 30. The passage 62 of the water tank 60 can be configured by arranging an outer shape having a U-shaped portion, for example, spirally in a horizontal plane. The passage 62 can also be configured by providing a container provided with a baffle extending in a spiral shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the cooling path is 190 m long and comprises a tank or container having a size of 2.5 × 4.5 m.
[0027]
The extruded product E passes through the cooling path formed by the passage 62 and is then lifted obliquely upward from the cooling device 60 by the conveyor belt 80 as shown in FIGS. When the extruded product E leaves the passage 62, it is dried while moving along the drying path formed by the conveyor belt 80. This drying can be achieved by installing a hot air fan 90 above the drying path. A separation device 100 is provided at the end of the drying path formed by the conveyor belt 80, and the separation device 100 separates individual packets (parcels) EP of the extruded product E. The conveyor belt 80, the drying device 90, and the separation device 100 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG.
[0028]
FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the extrusion device 30, the cooling device 60, the outlet conveyor belt 80, the drying device 90, and the separation device 100. As soon as the product E to be extruded flows out of the extrusion tool 32 of the extrusion device 30, it enters the water tank. In addition, this water tank is comprised by the water channel extended helically in the horizontal surface. In other words, the extrusion tool 32 is discharged into the water tank so that the extruded product E is completely surrounded by water when it flows out of the extrusion tool 32. The two tightening rollers 66a and 66b of the tightening or compressing device 66 are located in the immediate vicinity of the pusher in the conveying direction of the extruded product E. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotation shafts of the clamping rollers 66a and 66b are essentially horizontal. Each of the tightening rollers 66a and 66b has six ribs protruding outward in the radial direction, and these ribs are spaced apart at equal angular intervals around the rotation shaft. The two clamping rollers 66a and 66b are arranged so that one rib of the upper roller 66a and one rib of the lower roller 66b face each other in the vertical plane of the axes of the two rollers 66a and 66b. ing. The two clamping rollers 66a and 66b subdivide the extruded product E that has flowed out of the extrusion tool 32 in advance, and form extruded product packets EP that are separated from each other and have the same size and shape. These packets are connected to each other in a chain shape.
[0029]
In the direction in which the extruded product E or the extruded product packet EP is transported, a drawing or transporting device 68 is arranged behind the tightening device 66, and the transporting device 68 is composed of two transporting rollers 68a and 68b. These two transport rollers 68a and 68b are also connected to the tightening rollers 66a and 66b of the tightening device 66 so that the rotation shafts extending in the horizontal direction extend in the drawing of FIG. 4 and overlap in the vertical plane. Are arranged parallel to each other. The extruded product packet EP passes through the two rollers 68a and 68b. It should be noted that the conveying device 68 serves to hold the product E to be extruded after flowing out of the extrusion device 30 in water.
[0030]
After passing through the extrusion device 68, the various extruded product packets EP reach the water surface of the aquarium and are conveyed along the passage 62 by several water spray nozzles 70. The water used in the water spray nozzle is taken from the passage 62 by the pump 72 schematically shown in FIG. 4 and sent to the spray nozzle 70. For this purpose, two connection lines 74, 76 are provided. That is, the line 74 connects the pump 72 to the water tank of the cooling passage 62, and the line 76 connects the pump 72 to the spray nozzle 70.
[0031]
The extruded product packet EP reaches the conveyor belt 80 after passing through the end of the helical cooling passage 62. This conveyor belt 80 separates the extruded product packet EP from the cooling passage 62 and sends it to the apparatus 100. The separation device 100 will be described later in detail. The conveyor belt 80 also forms part of a drying path with a drying device 90, such as a hot air fan, above it. The hot air fan 90 is connected to a hot air source (not shown).
[0032]
A separating device 100 is arranged behind the conveyor belt 80 in the conveying direction. This separating apparatus 100 can be constituted by a knife. As shown in FIG. 4, the separating apparatus 100 can also be composed of two conveyor belts 100a and 100b. These conveyor belts 100a and 100b extend in parallel to each other, and upward in a vertical plane. They are arranged so as to overlap and are located behind the conveyor belt 80 in the transport direction. The detaching apparatus 100 can also include a roller 102 at the end of the conveyor belt 80, which is positioned above the conveyor belt 80 to roll various extruded product packets EP. 102 and the conveyor belt 80. Since there is a difference in the conveying speed of the conveyor belts 100a, 100b and 80 and the roller 102, the extruded product packet EP is separated from the chain. The extruded product packet EP passes through the separating apparatus 100 and then falls into the transport container T schematically shown in FIG.
[0033]
It should be noted that the cooling device 110 is connected to the cooling passage 62 by two lines 112 and 114, and water is sent to the cooling passage 62 by the cooling device 110. The cooling device 110 can also include a pump 116.
It should be further noted that the tubular member 120 can be placed in the water tank to control the water level.
[0034]
5 and 6 show details of the pusher 32 that can be used with the equipment and method according to the present invention. The pusher 32 has an adhesive product inlet port 34 and an adhesive product outlet port 36. The inlet and outlet ports 34, 36 are composed of two tubular members having flanges 34a, 36a, respectively. The two tubular members 34 and 36 have the same inner diameter and outer diameter, and are accommodated or seated coaxially (coaxially) in the holder 38. The holder 38 has a corresponding inner hole 38 a having an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the two tubular members 34, 36. The tubular member 34 constituting the extruded product inlet port is fixed in the holder 38 by several screws 34b. These screws 34b pass through the flange 34a. The flange 34a is located at a distance from the outer left end of the tubular member 34 shown in FIG. A seal ring 40 is disposed between the flange 34a and the holder 38. The tubular member 34 has an external threaded portion 34c at the end away from the holder 38, and is connected to the extrusion device 30 by the external threaded portion 34c.
[0035]
The tubular member 36 having an outlet port for the extruded product E is screwed into the holder 38 by an external screw 36 b and is held in the holder 38 by a locking nut 37.
[0036]
The two tubular members 34 and 36 are coaxial in the inner hole 38a of the holder 38, but are held with a certain gap. Such a gap between the two tubular members 34, 36 forms an annular passage 42, which is connected to the connection line 52 by an inlet hole 44. The connection line 52 leads to a tank 50 that contains a non-adhesive material that forms a protective coating. The inlet passage 44 has an inner screw portion 44 a for connecting to the line 52. As shown in FIG. 5, the direction of the inlet passage 44 is an angle of 90 ° with respect to the inner hole 38 a of the holder 38. As shown in FIG. 6, the passage 44 is located in a plane including the central axes of the two tubular members 34 and 36.
The inlet passage 44 also has a portion 44b, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the inlet portion of the inner threaded portion 44a and communicates with the annular passage 42.
[0037]
In order to package the adhesive product by the method according to the invention, the liquefied adhesive product is removed from the tank 10 by the metering pump 20 and sent to the extrusion device 30 by the line 22. This adhesive product flows into the tubular member having the inlet port 34 of the pusher 32. At the same time, a suitable conveying device takes out the non-adhesive material for protective coating from the tank 50 and sends it to the extrusion device 30. This non-adhesive material flows into the inlet passage 44 having a large diameter portion 44a, then enters the small diameter portion 44b and from there into the annular passage 42. Thus, the non-stick material from the tank 50 continuously covers the adhesive product passing through the tubular members 34,36. In this way, an extruded product E is produced, and this extruded product E is transferred directly from the outlet 36 into the water tank of the cooling passage 62. In this water tank, the extruded product E is caught by tightening cylinders (rollers) 66a and 66b, and is subdivided into a continuous chain-like extruded product packet EP. In order to achieve the cooling method, a chain consisting of various extruded product packets EP is held below the surface of the water by a drawing device 68. The product packet EP to be extruded passes through the drawing device 68 and reaches the water surface, from which it is transferred by the spray nozzle 70 along the helical cooling passage 62 toward the outlet conveyor belt 80. The extruded product packet EP is dried by the drying device at the exit conveyor belt 80 and separated by the separating device 100 into individual packets.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an installation according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the installation according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrow X in FIG.
3 is a front view showing the equipment of FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow Y in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the equipment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an extrusion tool that can be used in the method and equipment according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an extrusion tool according to the present invention.

Claims (27)

Liquid adhesive product, particularly in the method of packaging an adhesive product covering the protective coating of non-adhesive material to the hot-melt adhesive product,
The above liquid adhesive product the protective coating is put by coextrusion process, the coextruded products made from the above adhesive products and the protective coating, receiving the coagulation process on at least the protective coating,
The coagulation treatment is performed immediately after the co-extrusion treatment by discharging the co-extruded product into a water tank under the water surface.
A method characterized by that. The above method according to claim 1 to be extruded product, characterized in that the guided a predetermined distance for the solid-coagulation purposes. The object to be extruded product A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the receiving the drying process after the cooling process. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 individual's packet, characterized in that it is detached from the object to be extruded product after the solidification process. 2. The extruded product according to claim 1, wherein the extruded product flows out of the co-extrusion extruding tool, and is first subdivided into a continuous chain-like separated packet before final solidification. 5. The method according to any one of 4 . Liquid adhesive product, in particular covered with a protective coating of non-adhesive material to the hot-melt adhesive product, the adhesive product packaging equipment for achieving the method especially according to any of claims 1 to 5,
The equipment includes an extrusion tool (32), the adhesive product is supplied to the extrusion tool in a liquid state, and the non-tacky material constituting the protective coating is coextruded on the liquid adhesive product. Coating the liquid adhesive product by being applied to,
Solidification path consists of a water tank (62) (60) is positioned immediately following the pusher (32), thereby solidifying by cooling at least the protective coating,
The extruded product outlet (36) of the extrusion tool (32) discharges directly below the surface of the water tank (62),
The facility characterized in that the solidification path (60) extends spirally in a plane . The installation according to claim 6 , characterized in that the coagulation channel (60) is located immediately after the outlet (36) of the extruded product from the extrusion tool (32). The installation according to claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that the solidification path comprises a cooling path (60). The said water tank (62) has the roller (68a, 68b) for drawing out the said to-be-extruded product (E), The installation of Claim 6 or Claim 8 characterized by the above-mentioned. The product to be extruded (E) can be moved in the water tank (62) over the entire length of the cooling channel (60) by at least a certain part by a water spray nozzle (70). The equipment according to any one of claims 6 to 9 . 11. A facility according to any one of claims 6 to 10 , characterized in that a drying channel (90) is located after the water tank (62). The solidification path (62) has a clamping device (66), and the clamping device (66) separates the shape of the extruded product (E) that has flowed out of the extrusion tool (32) into a chain shape. Arrangement according to any of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that changing the packet (EP). The clamping device (66) is located between the extruded product outlet (36) of the pusher (32) and the drawing rollers (68a, 68b) in the water tank (62). The equipment according to claim 6 or 12 . Disconnect device (100) is positioned after the cooling path (60), according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that to separate the individual packets (EP) from the object to be extruded product (E) Equipment. The pusher (32) is located between the adhesive product inlet port (34), the extruded product outlet port (36), and between the inlet port (34) and the outlet port (36). An annular outlet port (42) for the non-tacky material constituting the coating, wherein the adhesive product inlet port and the extruded product outlet port are connected at least substantially coaxially. The equipment according to any one of claims 6 to 14 . In a method of packaging an adhesive product in which a liquid adhesive product or similar product, in particular a hot melt adhesive product, is covered with a protective coating made of a non-tacky material,
The liquid adhesive product is covered with the protective coating by a coextrusion process, and the extruded product made from the adhesive product and the protective coating is subjected to a solidification treatment on at least the protective coating ,
The solidification process comprises a cooling process performed by discharging the extruded product (E) into a water tank (62) below the water surface,
The extruded product (E) moves in the water tank (62) by a water spray nozzle (70) in at least a part of the cooling path (60).
A method characterized by that. The method of claim 16, wherein the extruded product (E) is conveyed by a water spray nozzle along a cooling path composed of a water tank. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the coagulation treatment is performed immediately after the coextrusion treatment. The object to be extruded product, after flowing out of the pusher for the co-extrusion process, claims 16 to, characterized by comprising a chain of remote packet first consecutive is subdivided prior to final solidification 18. The method according to any one of 18 . 20. Adhesive product packaging for achieving a method according to any of claims 16 to 19 , in which a liquid adhesive product or similar product, in particular a hot melt adhesive product, is covered with a protective coating made of non-tacky material In the device
The apparatus includes an extruding tool (32), and the extruding tool is supplied with the adhesive product in a liquid state, and the non-tacky material constituting the protective coating is coextruded on the liquid adhesive product. is applied to cover the above liquid adhesive product,
Solidification path (60) is located after said pusher (32), thereby to solidify at least the protective coating,
The solidification path is composed of a cooling path (60) comprising a water tank (62),
The extruded product outlet (36) of the extrusion tool (32) discharges directly below the surface of the water tank (62),
The extruded product (E) moves in the water tank (62) by a water spray nozzle (70) in at least a part of the cooling path (60) of the cooling path (60).
A device characterized by that. The solidification path (60) Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that it is located immediately after the outlet (36) of the object to be extruded product from the extrusion tool (32). Device according to claim 20 or 21 , characterized in that the extruded product outlet (36) of the pusher (32) discharges directly into the water tank (62). The water tank (62) Apparatus according to claim 21 or claim 22 characterized in that it has a roller (68a, 68b) for pulling out the object to be extruded product (E). The solidification path (62) has a clamping device (66), and the clamping device (66) separates the shape of the extruded product (E) that has flowed out of the extrusion tool (32) into a chain shape. instead of the packet (EP),
The clamping device (66) is located between the extruded product outlet (36) of the pusher (32) and the drawing rollers (68a, 68b) in the water tank (62).
24. The apparatus of claim 23 . A packaged adhesive product, in particular hot, covered by a non-tacky protective coating applied by means of a coextrusion process according to any of claims 16 to 19 to at least the adhesive product in the liquid state process. Melt adhesive product. 26. The packaged adhesive product of claim 25 , wherein the non-tacky material for the protective coating is chemically compatible with the adhesive product. 27. A packaged adhesive product according to claim 25 or claim 26 , wherein the protective coating is about 1-5% by weight of the adhesive product.

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