JP4299121B2 - エポキシドのアリルアルコールへの転位のための触媒系及び方法 - Google Patents
エポキシドのアリルアルコールへの転位のための触媒系及び方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4299121B2 JP4299121B2 JP2003510416A JP2003510416A JP4299121B2 JP 4299121 B2 JP4299121 B2 JP 4299121B2 JP 2003510416 A JP2003510416 A JP 2003510416A JP 2003510416 A JP2003510416 A JP 2003510416A JP 4299121 B2 JP4299121 B2 JP 4299121B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rearrangement
- epoxide
- catalyst system
- catalyst
- allyl alcohol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract 18
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 54
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyloxide Natural products O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 alkoxyphenol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006036 Oppenauer oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanal Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C=O LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229940051879 analgesics and antipyretics salicylic acid and derivative Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002243 cyclohexanonyl group Chemical group *C1(*)C(=O)C(*)(*)C(*)(*)C(*)(*)C1(*)* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004808 allyl alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvone Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CC=C(C)C(=O)C1 ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- BAVONGHXFVOKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carveol Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CC=C(C)C(O)C1 BAVONGHXFVOKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-SECBINFHSA-N (-)-carvone Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CC=C(C)C(=O)C1 ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000005973 Carvone Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006462 rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- BAVONGHXFVOKBV-ZJUUUORDSA-N (-)-trans-carveol Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1CC=C(C)[C@@H](O)C1 BAVONGHXFVOKBV-ZJUUUORDSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- BAVONGHXFVOKBV-YHMJZVADSA-N (5r)-2-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CC=C(C)C(O)C1 BAVONGHXFVOKBV-YHMJZVADSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229930007646 carveol Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- HHTWOMMSBMNRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvacrol Natural products CC(=C)C1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 HHTWOMMSBMNRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvacrol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000007746 carvacrol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 7
- WYXXLXHHWYNKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocarvacrol Natural products CC(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C)=C1 WYXXLXHHWYNKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-VIFPVBQESA-N (+)-carvone Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@H]1CC=C(C)C(=O)C1 ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 4
- CCEFMUBVSUDRLG-BBBLOLIVSA-N (+)-trans-limonene oxide Chemical compound C1[C@H](C(=C)C)CC[C@]2(C)O[C@@H]21 CCEFMUBVSUDRLG-BBBLOLIVSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAVONGHXFVOKBV-NXEZZACHSA-N (-)-cis-carveol Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CC=C(C)[C@H](O)C1 BAVONGHXFVOKBV-NXEZZACHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JECYUBVRTQDVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylphenol Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O JECYUBVRTQDVAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSZCGGBDNYTQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(O)=C1OC QSZCGGBDNYTQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCTQGTTXIYCGGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 ZCTQGTTXIYCGGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005844 Thymol Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-RGCMKSIDSA-N caryophyllene oxide Chemical compound C=C1CC[C@H]2O[C@]2(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)(C)C[C@@H]21 NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-RGCMKSIDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZOCECCLWFDTAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrocarvone Chemical compound CC1CCC(C(C)=C)CC1=O AZOCECCLWFDTAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-SNVBAGLBSA-N (-)-α-limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCEFMUBVSUDRLG-KXUCPTDWSA-N (4R)-limonene 1,2-epoxide Natural products C1[C@H](C(=C)C)CC[C@@]2(C)O[C@H]21 CCEFMUBVSUDRLG-KXUCPTDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWQKMEKSFPNAIB-SNVBAGLBSA-N (5r)-1-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC=C(C)C1 JWQKMEKSFPNAIB-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIMAEYMKYMNCGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (R)-p-Mentha-1,8-dien-10-ol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(=C)CO)CC1 UIMAEYMKYMNCGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-cineole Natural products C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQTVIKMRXYJTDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)N1CCC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C#N)CC1 RQTVIKMRXYJTDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLJLXEKIAALSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-oxabicyclo[10.1.0]tridecane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCCC2OC21 VLJLXEKIAALSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKDGWNHUETZZCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1C(C)(C)C SKDGWNHUETZZCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQFUSWIGRKFAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-epoxypinane Chemical compound CC12OC1CC1C(C)(C)C2C1 NQFUSWIGRKFAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPGABYXKKCLIRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decyloxirane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC1CO1 MPGABYXKKCLIRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRBJBYGJVIBWIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isopropylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O CRBJBYGJVIBWIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUVMSYUGOKEMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-].CC(C)C[O-] QUVMSYUGOKEMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNHFDBGGSOSGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 27867-36-3 Chemical compound CC1CC2C(C)(C)C2C2OC12 KNHFDBGGSOSGEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGHSZSJVJPSERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,8,8-trimethyl-4-oxatricyclo[5.1.0.03,5]octane Chemical compound C1C2OC2(C)CC2C(C)(C)C21 AGHSZSJVJPSERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OUXAABAEPHHZPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,6-dimethylspiro[bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-4,2'-oxirane] Chemical compound CC1(C)C(CC2)CC1C12CO1 OUXAABAEPHHZPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-epi-beta-caryophyllene oxide Natural products C=C1CCC2OC2(C)CCC2C(C)(C)CC21 NVEQFIOZRFFVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000819038 Chichester Species 0.000 description 1
- PMGCQNGBLMMXEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoamyl salicylate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O PMGCQNGBLMMXEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCEFMUBVSUDRLG-XNWIYYODSA-N Limonene-1,2-epoxide Chemical compound C1[C@H](C(=C)C)CCC2(C)OC21 CCEFMUBVSUDRLG-XNWIYYODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004157 Nitrosyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXZIDIYMFIBDKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sylvestrene Natural products CC(=C)C1CCCC(C)=C1 UXZIDIYMFIBDKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006423 Tishchenko reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005575 aldol reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NQFUSWIGRKFAHK-BDNRQGISSA-N alpha-Pinene epoxide Natural products C([C@@H]1O[C@@]11C)[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 NQFUSWIGRKFAHK-BDNRQGISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006723 alpha-pinene oxide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001753 carvones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPGPCDVQHXOMQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvotanacetone Natural products CC(C)C1CC=C(C)C(=O)C1 WPGPCDVQHXOMQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSYBQKUNBFFNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N caryophyllene oxide Natural products CC1(C)CC2C(=C)CCC3OC3(C)CCC12C RSYBQKUNBFFNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940120693 copper naphthenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GXROCGVLAIXUAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper octan-1-ol Chemical compound [Cu].CCCCCCCCO GXROCGVLAIXUAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoate;3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)CC1 SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNTAJRDNEDXPDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclododec-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound OC1CCCCCCCCCC=C1 HNTAJRDNEDXPDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- VAROLYSFQDGFMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K di(octanoyloxy)alumanyl octanoate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O VAROLYSFQDGFMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AZOCECCLWFDTAP-RKDXNWHRSA-N dihydrocarvone Natural products C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C(C)=C)CC1=O AZOCECCLWFDTAP-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001867 guaiacol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium amide Chemical compound [Li+].[NH2-] AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001683 mentha spicata herb oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIEKYBOPAVTZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L naphthalene-2-carboxylate;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 UIEKYBOPAVTZKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VPCDQGACGWYTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrosyl chloride Chemical compound ClN=O VPCDQGACGWYTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019392 nitrosyl chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- CUQOHAYJWVTKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [K+].CCCC[O-] CUQOHAYJWVTKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019721 spearmint oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IFNXAMCERSVZCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O IFNXAMCERSVZCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J31/0237—Amines
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Description
A. 強塩基によるエポキシド環の化学量論的開環
J.K. Crandall and M. Apparu, “Base-promoted Isomerizations of Epoxides” (Organic Reactions, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, 1983, Vol.29, pp. 345-443所収)を参照。同文献は参照指示によりその全体が本書に組み込まれる。
このグループの中で最も一般的な触媒はアルミニウムイソプロポキシド(E.H. Eschinasi, Isr. J. Chem., 1968, 6, pp. 713-721)、チタンアルコキシド(特開昭50-58031号公報、全文英訳版)及びジルコニウムブトキシド(米国特許第4,496,776号明細書)である。以上の文献はいずれも、参照指示により本書に組み込まれる。
エポキシドのアリルアルコールへの変換には以下のような多数の不均一触媒が提案されてきた:
a) 金属酸化物、特に種々のアルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア及び混合酸化物[K. Tanabe, R. Ohnishi, K. Arata, “Rearrangement of epoxides over solid acid and base catalysts” (Terpene Chemistry, ed. J. Varghese, chapter 2.5, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Ltd., 1982, pp.67-88所収)及び同文献中の参考資料を参照。同文献及び参考資料はそれぞれ参照指示により本書に組み込まれる]。金属酸化物を触媒とする1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位のカルベオール選択率は最高でアルミナ触媒での59%であった(K. Arata, K. Tanabe, Chem. Letters, 1976, pp.321-322. 同文献は参照指示により本書に組み込まれる)。
b) 金属リン酸塩。アリルアルコールの商業生産方法はリン酸リチウムの存在下でのプロピレンオキシドの転位を基礎とする(米国特許第2,426,624号明細書及び米国特許第2,986,585号明細書)。この方法は275〜300℃で実行する。アリルアルコール形成の選択率は約80%である。シリカ担持リン酸リチウム(米国特許第5,455,215号明細書)とジルコニア担持リン酸ナトリウム(特開平11-49709号公報)もまたエポキシドの転位触媒として使用される。リン酸リチウムの存在下での1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位反応はS.G. Traynor et al. (Proceedings of The VIII International Congress of Essential Oils. Fedarom, Grasse, 1980, pp.591-594)が研究しているが、反応はきわめて低速であった。trans-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位のcis-カルベオール選択率は転化率66.2%において18.1%であった(200℃、57時間)。cis-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位のtrans-カルベオール選択率は転化率69.9%において13.6%であった(200℃、57時間)。この反応ではかなりの量のカルボニル化合物[アルデヒド(6)とケトン(4)]が生成した(それぞれ10.9%、4.3%)。主生成物はイソカルベオール(3)であり、その割合はcis-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位では68.7%、trans-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位では59.9%であった。前記の各文献は参照指示によりその全体が本書に組み込まれる。
本発明は1つには、ある種の賦活剤/修飾剤を触媒系に含めると、特にエポキシドの転位との関連で、触媒系の活性及び/又は選択性を著しく改善することができるという発見に基づく。たとえばすでに判明しているように、主触媒と賦活剤/修飾剤とを含む触媒系の存在下では多様なアリルアルコールを対応するエポキシドの転位により選択的に生成することができる。
a) アリルアルコールが所望の生成物である場合の、対応するエポキシドの転位によるアリルアルコールの合成;
b) ステップa)で得られたアリルアルコールの後続反応たとえば選択的酸化による、所望の生成物たとえばα,β-不飽和カルボニル化合物の生成;及び/又は
c) ステップa)及びb)のワンポット法での実行;
を実現するために使用しうる触媒系を含む。
本発明の触媒系は次の成分、(i)1つ又は複数の主触媒、及び(ii)1つ又は複数のフェノール系賦活剤/修飾剤を含む。
1,2−リモネンオキシドの転位(フェノール系化合物による不均一触媒の賦活)
1,2−リモネンオキシドの転位
これらの実施例では均一触媒の活性と選択性に対するフェノール系化合物の効果を示す。実施例2〜4、6〜15、17、19、21、22、24、26、28、30、32及び33と参考例1、5、16、18、20、23、25、27、29及び31の場合と同じ一般手順を採用した。
1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位
これらの例では本発明に基づくエポキシドの転位への種々の溶媒の適用可能性を説明する。
R-(-)-カルベオールの合成
熱電対、撹拌機及びDean-Starkトラップを備えた3LフラスコにR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシド(cis/trans比65:35) 1500部、オクチル酸亜鉛(亜鉛18%)2.4部及び2-アミノフェノール1部の混合物を加え、202〜225℃で3時間還流した。約1.5部の水を除去した。冷却後、1495部の粗製R-(-)-カルベオールを得た。この生成物はリモネンオキシド0.3%、R-(-)-カルベオール75.2%(cis、trans異性体の合計)及び R-(-)-カルボン9.4%を含む。理論収率はR-(-)-カルベオールが75%、R-(-)-カルボンが9.3%であり、従ってR-(-)-カルベオールとR-(-)-カルボンの合計理論収率は84.3%である。この混合物は再精製せずにR-(-)-カルボンの合成に使用することができる。この手順により得られたR-(-)-カルベオールを充填カラム(理論段数40〜50)で減圧蒸留すると純度98%以上のR-(-)-カルベオールが得られる。
再生触媒の使用によるR-(-)-カルベオールの合成
実施例54で得られた粗製R-(-)-カルベオールをVigreuxカラムで減圧蒸留した。蒸留後の残渣を、1500部のR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシド及び補充触媒系(オクチル酸亜鉛0.2g/2-アミノフェノール0.1g)と合せた。実施例54に準じた転位反応により実施例54と同じ結果を得た。
R-(-)-カルボンの合成[ワンポット同時法による水酸化マグネシウム/カルバクロール触媒系の存在下でのR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位とR-(-)-カルベオールのオッペンナウアー酸化]
撹拌機、温度プローブ及びDean-Starkトラップを備えた三つ口フラスコにR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシド100部、ジヒドロカルボン75部、カルバクロール3部及び水酸化マグネシウム1部の混合物を加え、212〜220℃で10時間還流し(約1部の水を除去し)た。反応混合物を40℃に冷却し、触媒をろ去し、Vigreuxカラムを使用してろ液を減圧蒸留した。蒸留物(160部)は28%の未反応1,2-リモネンオキシドと31%のR-(-)-カルボンを含む。反応1,2-リモネンオキシドに対するR-(-)-カルボンの収量は49.6部、68.8%である。この混合物を在来分離法によりさらに精製し、食品香料用R-(-)-カルボンを得た。
R-(-)-カルボンの合成[ワンポット逐次法による炭酸亜鉛/2-ニトロフェノール触媒系の存在下でのR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位とR-(-)-カルベオールのオッペンナウアー酸化]
撹拌機、3フィート蒸留塔、蒸留ヘッド、温度プローブ及び追加ロートを備えた三つ口フラスコにR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシド600部、2-ニトロフェノール5.7部及び炭酸亜鉛12部の混合物を加え202〜227℃で7時間還流した。この転位ステップが完了した(反応混合物中の1,2-リモネンオキシド残量が無くなった)ところで、反応混合物にシクロヘキサノン190部を徐々に加えた。混合物を195〜200℃で2時間還流下に保ち、次いで120℃に冷却した。シクロヘキサノンとシクロヘキサノールとの混合物を10〜15mmHg、ポット温度120℃未満で留去した。シクロヘキサノン添加ステップとそれに続く還流、シクロヘキサノン/シクロヘキサノール混合物の減圧留去をさらに2回繰り返した。この酸化ステップ完了後で、R-(-)-カルベオールのR-(-)-カルボンへの転化率は95%超であった。触媒をろ去し、ろ液を蒸留して純度80%のR-(-)-カルボン473部を得た(1,2-リモネンオキシドを基準にした理論収率は63%)。この物質を在来法で精製し、純度99.6%の食品香料用R-(-)-カルボンを得た。
R-(-)-カルボンの合成[ワンポット逐次法によるオクチル酸亜鉛/2-アミノフェノール触媒系の存在下でのR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位とR-(-)-カルベオールのオッペンナウアー酸化]
撹拌機、3-フィート蒸留塔、蒸留ヘッド、温度プローブ及び追加ロートを備えた三つ口フラスコにR-(+)-1,2-リモネンオキシド600部、2-アミノフェノール0.5部及びオクチル酸亜鉛(亜鉛22%)1部の混合物を加え、202〜227℃で2時間還流した。この転位ステップが完了したところで反応混合物を190℃に冷却し、オクチル酸亜鉛3部とシクロヘキサノン190部を加えた。酸化ステップは実施例57に記載の要領で行ったが、ただしポット内容物はろ過せずに蒸留した。この蒸留により純度82%のR-(-)-カルボン534部を得た(1,2-リモネンオキシドを基準にした理論収率は73%)。この物質を在来法で精製し食品香料用R-(-)-カルボンを得た。
1,2-リモネンオキシドの連続転位
水酸化カルシウムを充填した管状反応器に予熱器経由で、1,2-リモネンオキシド95%とカルバクロール5%との混合物を1,2-リモネンオキシド1部/触媒1部/時の速度で連続供給した。温度は外部加熱により230〜250℃に維持した。容器内の圧力は30〜50psigに維持した。未反応エポキシド6%、カルベオール44%、カルボン11%を含む転位生成物を回収した。カルベオール+カルボン選択率は合計58.5%であった。
cis-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位
撹拌機、Dean-Starkトラップ及び温度プローブを備えた三つ口フラスコにcis-1,2-リモネンオキシド1000部、オクチル酸亜鉛(亜鉛18%)1部及び2-アミノフェノール0.5部の混合物を加え、200〜225℃で1.5時間還流した。この過程は発熱型である。暴走反応を防止するには冷却するのがよい。冷却後、カルベオール87%とカルボン3%とを含む混合物998部を得た。この混合物は実施例58に従ってさらに処理してカルボンとしても、又は分画して純粋なtrans-カルベオールを得るようにしてもよい。
trans-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位
撹拌機、Dean-Starkトラップ及び温度プローブを備えた三つ口フラスコにtrans-1,2-リモネンオキシド1000部、オクチル酸亜鉛(亜鉛18%)4部及び2-アミノフェノール2部の混合物を加え、200〜226℃で3時間還流した。冷却後、カルベオール67%とカルボン8%とを含む混合物998部を得た。この混合物は実施例58に従ってさらに処理してカルボンとしても、又は分画して純粋なcis-カルベオールを得るようにしてもよい。
8,9-リモネンオキシドの転位
撹拌機、Dean-Starkトラップ及び温度プローブを備えた三つ口フラスコに8,9-リモネンオキシド300部、水酸化カルシウム6部及びカルバクロール6部の混合物を加え、215〜230℃で2時間還流した。冷却及びろ過後、未反応エポキシド30%と1,8-p-メンタンジエン-10-オール43%(選択率61%)とを含む混合物290部を得た。
1,2-エポキシドデカンの転位
撹拌機、Dean-Starkトラップ及び温度プローブを備えた三つ口フラスコにtrans-1,2-エポキシドデカン180部、水酸化カルシウム6部及びo-ヒドロキシアセトフェノン0.3部の混合物を加え、210〜220℃で3時間還流した。冷却及びろ過後、出発物のエポキシド15%とシクロドデカ-2-エン-1-オール74%(転化率85%、選択率87%)とを含む混合物175部を得た。
S-(+)-カルボンの合成[ワンポット逐次法によるオクチル酸亜鉛/2-アミノフェノール触媒系の存在下でのS-(-)-1,2-リモネンオキシドの転位とS-(+)-カルベオールのオッペンナウアー酸化]
実施例58の条件に準じた反応により、ただしS-(-)-リモネンオキシドを出発物として、食品香料用S-(+)-カルボンを得た。
Claims (23)
- (a)1種以上の金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属のカルボン酸塩、金属のアセチルアセトナート、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、又は水酸化バリウムを含む1種以上の主触媒と
(b)1種以上のフェノール系化合物を含む1種以上の賦活剤/修飾剤とを含む、エポキシドのアリルアルコールへの転位用触媒系であって、該賦活剤/修飾剤の含量が所定のエポキシドのアリルアルコールへの転位で該賦活剤/修飾剤抜きで主触媒を使用した場合と比較して主触媒の活性及び/又は選択性を向上させるうえでの有効量である触媒系。 - フェノール系化合物がフェノール、一置換又は多置換アルキルフェノール、ニトロフェノール、アミノフェノール、ヒドロキシフェノール、アルコキシフェノール、ヒドロキシアセトフェノン、サリチル酸及びその誘導体より選択される請求項1に記載の触媒系。
- 主触媒が賦活剤/修飾剤の不存在下ではエポキシドの転位において不活性である1種以上の化合物である請求項1に記載の触媒系。
- (a)1種以上のエポキシドと触媒系とを含む反応混合物であって、該触媒系が1種以上の金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属のカルボン酸塩、金属のアセチルアセトナート、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、又は水酸化バリウムを含む1種以上の主触媒と1種以上のフェノール系化合物を含む1種以上の賦活剤/修飾剤とを含む反応混合物を準備するステップ;
(b)該1種以上のエポキシドの少なくとも一部分を反応させ、1種以上のアリルアルコールへと転位させるステップ
を含むエポキシドの転位方法。 - エポキシドの転位を還流下に実行する請求項4に記載の方法。
- エポキシドの転位を170〜250℃で実行する請求項5に記載の方法。
- エポキシドの転位を200〜230℃で実行する請求項6に記載の方法。
- エポキシドの転位の前に又はその途中で水を除去する請求項4に記載の方法。
- 回分式又は連続式で実行する請求項4に記載の方法。
- 主触媒の量が出発エポキシドの量を基準にして0.05〜10重量%であり、また前記賦活剤/修飾剤の量が出発エポキシドの量を基準にして0.025〜10重量%である請求項4に記載の方法。
- 反応混合物が1種以上の溶媒をさらに含む請求項4に記載の方法。
- 触媒系の各成分を別々に任意の順序で反応混合物に添加するか又は予め混合しておいて反応混合物に添加する請求項4に記載の方法。
- (a)1種以上のエポキシドと触媒系とを含む反応混合物を準備するステップ;
(b)該1種以上のエポキシドの少なくとも一部分を反応させ、1種以上のアリルアルコールへと転位させるステップ;及び
(c)該アリルアルコールの少なくとも一部分をオッペンナウアー酸化により酸化して、1種以上のα,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物を与えるようにするステップ
を含むα,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物の合成方法であって、該触媒系が1種以上の金属の酸化物、金属の炭酸塩、金属のカルボン酸塩、金属のアセチルアセトナート、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、又は水酸化バリウムを含む主触媒と1種以上のフェノール系化合物を含む1種以上の賦活剤/修飾剤とを含む方法。 - 転位及び酸化ステップを同時に又は逐次に実行する請求項13に記載の方法。
- 酸化ステップが1種以上の水素受容体の添加を含む請求項13に記載の方法。
- 水素受容体がシクロヘキサノン、ジヒドロカルボン、ベンズアルデヒド、2−エチルヘキサナール、及びフルフラールより選択される請求項15に記載の方法。
- 1種以上の水素受容体を小分けして添加する請求項15に記載の方法。
- 水素受容体から形成されるアルコールの周期的除去をさらに含む請求項17に記載の方法。
- 出発エポキシドと水素受容体のモル比が1:0.7〜1:1.5である請求項15に記載の方法。
- 反応混合物から主触媒を除去するステップ(d)をさらに含む請求項13に記載の方法。
- 主触媒をろ過又は蒸留により分離し、後に再使用する請求項20に記載の方法。
- 反応混合物が1種以上の溶媒をさらに含む請求項13に記載の方法。
- ワンポット法である請求項13に記載の方法。
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US6376672B1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2002-04-23 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Naphthalenylmethoxypiperidines as renin inhibitors |
US6906208B2 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2005-06-14 | Abb Lummus Global Inc. | Mesoporous material and use thereof for the selective oxidation of organic compounds |
US6335304B1 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2002-01-01 | King Industries, Inc | Metal salts of phosphoric acid esters as cross linking catalysts |
JP4259873B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-12 | 2009-04-30 | 株式会社日本触媒 | エポキシ化合物を製造するための触媒及びそれを使用するエポキシ化合物の製造方法 |
US6600007B2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2003-07-29 | Southwest Distributing Co. | Preparation of bromine-containing hydroxy-functional copolymers |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2727481C2 (ru) * | 2016-05-26 | 2020-07-21 | Штарлингер Унд Ко Гезелльшафт М.Б.Х. | Антискользящие гибкие материалы и способы для их изготовления и использования |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2004533926A (ja) | 2004-11-11 |
IL159319A0 (en) | 2004-06-01 |
WO2003004448A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
EP1404635A1 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
ATE466829T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
US6835686B2 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
EP1404635B1 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
DE60236283D1 (de) | 2010-06-17 |
IL159319A (en) | 2009-07-20 |
US20030065230A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
ES2341228T3 (es) | 2010-06-17 |
MXPA03011973A (es) | 2004-03-26 |
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