JP4203255B2 - Downflow filtration device and downflow filtration method - Google Patents

Downflow filtration device and downflow filtration method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4203255B2
JP4203255B2 JP2002102610A JP2002102610A JP4203255B2 JP 4203255 B2 JP4203255 B2 JP 4203255B2 JP 2002102610 A JP2002102610 A JP 2002102610A JP 2002102610 A JP2002102610 A JP 2002102610A JP 4203255 B2 JP4203255 B2 JP 4203255B2
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filter medium
filtration
screen
raw water
floating
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JP2003299908A (en
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裕士 加納
健理 千種
毅 泉
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Unitika Ltd
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Unitika Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、下向流ろ過装置および下向流ろ過方法に関するものであり、上水処理や排水処理の分野で利用されるものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来のろ過法は、ろ材として砂等が用いられる表層ろ過が主体であったが、SS捕捉量が少なく、洗浄し難いという欠点があったため、近年、圧損が少なく、SS捕捉量の大きな体積ろ過が用いられるようになってきた。この体積ろ過法は、空隙率の大きい浮上ろ材あるいは沈降ろ材を用い、ろ材表層のみでなくろ材の内部でもSSが捕捉されるため、表層ろ過法に比べて圧損が大きくなり難く、1サイクル辺りのSS捕捉量が大きいといわれている。
【0003】
この体積ろ過法を高度処理用として用いる場合、充填されるろ材が浮上ろ材では上向流で、沈降ろ材では下向流で行うのが常套であるが、高濁質の原水に適用する場合は、除去率が上がりすぎて長持ちしない。高濁質の原水に対しては、ピークカットのように、高い濁質を30〜60%程度の低い除去率で長時間にわたり除去できる機能が求められ、体積ろ過はSS捕捉量が多い点と、高濁質でも表層ろ過に比べある程度耐えることができるため、素材としては適当であると考えられる。体積ろ過で除去率が高くなるのは、ろ材がろ過抵抗により圧密されるためである。これを逆手にとってフリーになっている方向に水を流せば、圧密がかからず低い除去率での運転ができるものと思われる。すなわち、浮上ろ材では下向流により下部のフリーになっている方向に水を流し、また沈降ろ材ではろ材の押さえのないフリーの方向である上向流により流すことによって、ろ材間空隙をより広げ、除去率を上げずに、ろ過時間を稼ぐ方法が考えられ、これによって、ろ過継続時間は延長できると考えられる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、このように浮上ろ材を用いた下向流による体積ろ過法あるいは沈降ろ材を用いた上向流による体積ろ過法においても、高濁質時には短時間で圧損が上昇する場合があり、圧損が上昇すると、上向流の場合はポンプの吐出量の低下が起こったり、下向流方式のろ過では、ろ過水位が上昇する。この場合、ろ過層内の圧力や、ろ過水位をセンサーで検知し、逆洗を行うことになるが、機械や電気系による自動運転は故障などにより作動しないことも有り得、最悪のケースでは内部氾濫を起こす可能性がある。
【0005】
さらに、例えば雨水のように自然現象を起因としたろ過設備については予想を超える濁質、ろ過時間が必要になる場合もでてくることが考えられ、何らかの対処が求められていた。
【0006】
本発明は、SS捕捉量が過大となり、圧損が上昇したときには、自然にギブアップでき緊急避難可能なろ過装置およびろ過方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記問題点の原因を調べて鋭意検討した結果、ろ材を支持するスクリーンの一部を局所スクリーンとすることにより圧力損失の過大な上昇が抑制できることを見出し、本発明に至った。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明の第一は、上部に原水流入配管が接続したろ過槽内に浮上ろ材が充填され、ろ材充填層の上下にスクリーンが設けられた下向流ろ過装置において、ろ材充填層下側のスクリーンは、該スクリーンからろ過槽底部までにろ材が存在できる空間を有する高さに設けられており、さらに圧力損失の上昇に伴いスクリーンの上側に存在するろ材の一部又は全部がスクリーンの下側に移行し得る局所スクリーンであり、かつ局所スクリーンを経た水を処理水排出管へ導くようにしたことを特徴とする下向流ろ過装置を要旨とするものであり、特に好ましくは、浮上ろ材が、見かけ比重0.9以上、1.0未満であり、空隙率が80%以上である浮上ろ材であるものである。
本発明の第二は、上記の下向流ろ過装置を用い、原水を原水流入配管から通水し、ろ材充填層を通過した処理水を処理水排出管から排出するろ過方法において、高濁質の原水が導入され圧力損失が上昇した場合に、浮上ろ材の一部又は全部が局所スクリーンの下側に移動した状態でろ過が行われることを特徴とする下向流ろ過方法を要旨とするものである。
を要旨とするものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明の第一の下向流ろ過装置について説明する。
本発明のろ過装置に充填されるろ材は、浮上ろ材である必要がある。浮上ろ材の見かけ比重は、0.9以上、1.0未満が好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.95以上、0.99未満である。ろ過対象とする排水の比重が1であるので、浮上ろ材の見かけ比重は1以下にならなければならない。また、見かけ比重0.9以下のろ材はSSの付着により沈降せず、浮上したままろ過閉塞を起こすため、緊急避難用として働かないため好ましくない。
【0010】
ここで、見かけ比重とは、ろ材を構成する素材の真比重からろ材内部の空隙を考慮して算出される比重の値をいう。
【0011】
また浮上ろ材の空隙率は80%以上であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、85%以上である。空隙率は圧損を上げにくくするために高ければ高い方が好ましい。また、その空隙はろ材が中空などの大きな空間を有するものよりも、短繊維あるいは長繊維、またはプラスチックの発泡により格子状に支えられた空間による空隙がより好ましい。
【0012】
ここで、空隙率とは、1個のろ材の体積に占める空間の体積を率で表したものの値をいう。水中にろ材を投入したときに、上昇する体積がろ材の真体積を表し、1個のろ材の幾何学的な大きさから求められる体積との比率で計算される。
【0013】
本発明において用いられる浮上ろ材は、上記した見かけ比重および空隙率を有しているものであれば、その素材、形状または大きさについては特に限定されない。
浮上ろ材の素材としては、繊維製あるいは、プラスチックの発泡ろ材を用いたが、それに限定されるものではない。好適には、繊維を絡めて空間を作り、毛羽立ちを持たせたものが優れる。
【0014】
浮上ろ材の形状としては、円柱、立方体、円盤状、球状のものがある。好適には、毛羽立ちがあれば、ろ材間の空隙は、毛羽により埋められるので、特に形状による差はないと思われるが、固い材質で大きな球のものは、空隙が大きくなり過ぎると思われるので、固さなどの影響があると考えられる。4.5mm以下の大きさであれば、形状、固さの影響は小さいと思われる。
【0015】
浮上ろ材の大きさとしては、小さい方がよいが、スクリーンの目幅が抵抗になることがあるため、3mm以上が好ましい。好適には、3〜4mmが分離スクリーンの目幅、ろ材間隙間、ろ材の比表面積などの点から優れるものと思われる。また浮上ろ材のSS補足量は4kg/m3以上であることが好ましい。
【0016】
上記した浮上ろ材の作製方法としては、湿式法、乾式法があるが、量産性、製造コスト、ろ材の強度、起毛のやり方などから乾式式が優れる。
【0017】
本発明の下向流ろ過装置は、ろ過槽内に上記した浮上ろ材が充填され、ろ材充填層を形成しているものである。充填される浮上ろ材の充填量は、ろ過速度、ろ過抵抗の点から、ろ材充填層の高さとして1m程度が高速でろ過でき、低いろ過抵抗で運転できるので好ましい。
【0018】
本発明の下向流ろ過装置においては、ろ材充填層の上下をスクリーンにより支持する構造となっている。スクリーンとしては、浮上ろ材が通過できないものであればいかなるものでも使用できる。例えば、ウェッジワイヤースクリーンや、パンチングメタル、Tバースクリーンなどが使える。好適にはウェッジワイヤースクリーン、Tバースクリーンがスクリーンの抵抗が少なく優れている。
【0019】
本発明の下向流ろ過装置においては、ろ材充填層を支持する上下に配したスクリーンのうち、下側のスクリーンが局所スクリーンとなっていることが特徴である。ろ材充填層下側に配した処理水分離用の局所スクリーンが緊急避難用の汚水排出口として作用することになる。ここで局所スクリーンとは、ある一定以上の圧力が加えられた場合にスクリーンの上側に存在するろ材の一部又は全部が下側に移行し得るようなものを指し、具体的にはスクリーンとろ過槽の壁面との間に隙間を設けたようなものや、処理水排出管が位置する周囲のろ過槽内壁面をスクリーンで囲ったものなどが挙げられる。
【0020】
局所スクリーンにおいて浮上ろ材が反対側に移行するときの圧力は、適用する原水の濁度、装置の大きさ、スクリーンと壁面とのスペースなどに応じて任意に設定できるようにすればよく、例えば、原水濁度が100〜120度のとき、250mmφのカラムに100mmφのスクリーンが突き刺さった形で、圧力損失は0.2kPa以上には上がらず、ろ材がスクリーンとカラム壁面とのスペースから回り込むようにスクリーン下部に移行することで、逆にスクリーン上部のろ材高は小さくなり、圧力損失も小さくなる。
【0021】
以下、図面を用いて本発明の下向流ろ過装置を説明する。
図1は、本発明の下向流ろ過装置の一態様を示した模式図であり、ろ過の初期段階、あるいは濁度の低い原水をろ過している状態を示している。
図中1はろ過槽であり、上部に原水流入配管3が接続されている。浮上ろ材2からなるろ材充填層は上側を押えスクリーン6により支持され、下側には空間を挟み局所スクリーン4が設けられている。
【0022】
次に本発明下向流ろ過方法について説明する。
図1に示した下向流ろ過装置において、原水流入配管3からろ過槽1に原水が下向流で通液され、ろ材充填層2でろ過された後、浮上ろ材下部に設置した局所スクリーン4にて浮上ろ材が分離され処理水排出管5から槽外に排出される。汚濁物負荷が高い場合、ろ材に汚濁物が付着し、重さでろ材が沈降していき、図1の初期段階から図2の中間段階を経て図3の緊急排出のろ過形態に自然に移行する。図3の状態では局所スクリーン4の上部のろ材充填層2の厚みが少なく、圧力損失がほとんどかからない状態で、ほとんど汚濁処理されずに処理水として排出される。これが自然原理に基づく緊急避難回路になる。
【0023】
ろ過されていない処理水は、内部氾濫を避けるため、緊急避難ということで、無処理で放流することになる。
ろ材は下部から空気と上部から原水を入れることで、空気攪拌を行って、ろ材を流動させ、細くしたSSを局所スクリーンから抜くことで、連続的な逆洗ができ、逆洗後、ろ過を続けることができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。
実施例1
図1に示す浮上ろ材を用いた下向流ろ過の一実施例について説明する。図1において、浮上ろ材2としてポリプロピレンとポリエチレンの複合繊維から空隙率90%、見かけ比重0.95の5mmφ、長さ10mmLの棒状繊維束ろ材を成形し、250mmφの円筒形ろ過槽1に1000mmH充填した。ろ材充填層上部にろ材押さえのスクリーン6がありスクリーンから原水流入口までに、1000mmHの水かぶりを設けた。原水SS100mg/Lの排水をLV2000m/日で上部から通水したところ、0.5時間で0.05kPA、1時間で0.12kPA、約1.5時間で0.2kPaの圧力損失となり、徐々にろ材が均一に沈降していった。3時間目にはSS捕捉量が5kg/m3となって、局所スクリーンより下部に3/4のろ材が沈積し、未処理水がスクリーンからオーバーフローした。0.2kPaの圧力損失により自然に緊急避難ごとく、安全弁が働いたような形となった。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、長時間にわたりろ過中の圧損が小さく、SS捕捉量が大きいろ過を行なうと共に、SS捕捉量が過大となったときに、自然に未処理液がオーバーフローを起こし、緊急避難回路としてはたらくため、内部氾濫を起こさないシステムである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の浮上ろ材を用いた下向流ろ過装置を示す模式図であり、高濁質の原水を通水した場合のろ過初期段階の状態を示す図である。
【図2】高濁質の原水を通水した場合において、浮上ろ材が局所スクリーンの下側に移行しつつある状態を示す図である。
【図3】高濁質の原水を通水した場合において、浮上ろ材が局所スクリーンの下側にほとんど移行した状態を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ろ過槽
2 浮上ろ材
3 原水流入配管
4 局所スクリーン
5 処理水排出管
6 浮上ろ材押さえスクリーン
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a downflow filtration device and a downflow filtration method, and is used in the fields of water treatment and wastewater treatment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The conventional filtration method was mainly surface layer filtration using sand or the like as a filter medium. However, since there was a drawback that the amount of trapped SS was small and it was difficult to wash, volume filtration with a small amount of pressure loss and a large amount of trapped SS in recent years. Has come to be used. This volume filtration method uses a floating filter medium or a sedimentation filter medium with a large porosity, and SS is trapped not only in the filter medium surface layer but also in the filter medium. It is said that the amount of SS captured is large.
[0003]
When this volume filtration method is used for advanced treatment, the filter medium to be packed is usually used in the upward flow in the floating filter medium and in the downward flow in the sedimentation filter medium, but when applied to highly turbid raw water. The removal rate is too high and does not last long. For high-turbid raw water, a function that can remove high turbidity for a long time with a low removal rate of about 30 to 60%, such as peak cut, is required, and volume filtration has a large amount of SS trapping. It can be considered that it is suitable as a material because it can withstand a certain degree of high turbidity compared to surface filtration. The reason why the removal rate is increased by volume filtration is that the filter medium is consolidated by filtration resistance. If water is allowed to flow in a direction that is free for the other hand, compaction will not occur and operation with a low removal rate will be possible. That is, in floating filter media, water flows in the direction of free in the lower part due to downward flow, and in sedimented filter media, flow in upward direction, which is a free direction without pressing down of the filter media, further widens the gap between the filter media. It is considered that the filtration time can be increased without increasing the removal rate, and the filtration duration can be extended.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even in such a volume filtration method using a downflow using a floating filter medium or a volume filtration method using an upflow using a settling filter medium, the pressure loss may increase in a short time when the turbidity is high. If it rises, in the case of upward flow, the pump discharge rate will decrease, or in the case of downward flow type filtration, the filtered water level will rise. In this case, the pressure in the filtration layer and the filtration water level are detected by a sensor and backwashing is performed, but automatic operation by a machine or electrical system may not work due to a failure or the like, and in the worst case, internal flooding May cause.
[0005]
Further, for example, a filtration facility caused by a natural phenomenon, such as rainwater, may cause turbidity and filtration time exceeding expectations, and some measures have been required.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration device and a filtration method capable of giving up naturally and capable of emergency evacuation when the amount of captured SS becomes excessive and pressure loss increases.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of investigating the cause of the above problems and intensively studying, the present inventors have found that an excessive increase in pressure loss can be suppressed by using part of the screen supporting the filter medium as a local screen, leading to the present invention. It was.
[0008]
That is, the first of the present invention is a downward flow filtration device in which a floating filter medium is filled in a filtration tank having a raw water inflow pipe connected to the upper part, and screens are provided above and below the filter medium packed bed. The screen is provided at a height having a space where the filter medium can exist from the screen to the bottom of the filtration tank, and a part or all of the filter medium existing on the upper side of the screen as the pressure loss increases. It is a local screen that can move to the side, and the gist is a downflow filtration device characterized in that water that has passed through the local screen is guided to the treated water discharge pipe, and particularly preferably a floating filter medium However, it is a floating filter medium having an apparent specific gravity of 0.9 or more and less than 1.0 and a porosity of 80% or more.
The second aspect of the present invention is a filtration method in which raw water is passed through the raw water inflow pipe and the treated water that has passed through the filter medium packed bed is discharged from the treated water discharge pipe using the above-described downward flow filtration device. When the raw water is introduced and the pressure loss rises , the gist of the downflow filtration method is that the filtration is performed with a part or all of the floating filter medium moving below the local screen. To do.
Is a summary.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the first downward flow filtration device of the present invention will be described.
The filter medium filled in the filtration device of the present invention needs to be a floating filter medium. The apparent specific gravity of the floating filter medium is preferably 0.9 or more and less than 1.0, more preferably 0.95 or more and less than 0.99. Since the specific gravity of the wastewater to be filtered is 1, the apparent specific gravity of the floating filter medium must be 1 or less. In addition, a filter medium having an apparent specific gravity of 0.9 or less is not preferable because it does not settle due to adhesion of SS and does not work for emergency evacuation because it causes filtration clogging while floating.
[0010]
Here, the apparent specific gravity is a specific gravity value calculated in consideration of voids inside the filter medium from the true specific gravity of the material constituting the filter medium.
[0011]
Further, the porosity of the floating filter medium is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 85% or more. The porosity is preferably as high as possible to make it difficult to increase the pressure loss. The void is more preferably a void formed by a space supported by a short fiber, long fiber, or plastic foam in a lattice shape, rather than a filter medium having a large space such as a hollow space.
[0012]
Here, the porosity means a value representing the volume of the space in the volume of one filter medium as a ratio. When the filter medium is put into water, the volume that rises represents the true volume of the filter medium, and is calculated by the ratio to the volume obtained from the geometric size of one filter medium.
[0013]
As long as the floating filter used in the present invention has the above-described apparent specific gravity and porosity, the material, shape or size is not particularly limited.
As the material of the floating filter medium, a fiber or plastic foam filter medium is used, but it is not limited thereto. Preferably, a fiber is made by entwining a fiber to give a fluff.
[0014]
As the shape of the floating filter medium, there are a cylindrical shape, a cubic shape, a disk shape, and a spherical shape. Preferably, if there is fluff, the gap between the filter media is filled with the fluff, so it seems that there is no particular difference due to the shape, but if it is a hard material and a large sphere, the gap will be too large. It is thought that there is an influence such as hardness. If the size is 4.5 mm or less, the influence of the shape and hardness seems to be small.
[0015]
The size of the floating filter medium is preferably small, but 3 mm or more is preferable because the screen width may become resistance. Preferably, 3 to 4 mm is considered to be excellent in terms of the separation screen mesh width, the gap between the filter media, the specific surface area of the filter media, and the like. Further, the SS supplement amount of the floating filter medium is preferably 4 kg / m 3 or more.
[0016]
As a method for producing the above-described floating filter medium, there are a wet method and a dry method, but the dry method is superior in terms of mass productivity, manufacturing cost, filter medium strength, raising method, and the like.
[0017]
The downflow filtration device of the present invention is such that the above-mentioned floating filter medium is filled in a filter tank to form a filter medium packed bed. The amount of the floating filter medium to be filled is preferably about 1 m as the height of the filter medium packed bed from the point of filtration speed and filtration resistance because it can be filtered at a high speed and can be operated with a low filtration resistance.
[0018]
In the downward flow filtration device of the present invention, the upper and lower sides of the filter medium packed bed are supported by a screen. Any screen can be used as long as it cannot pass the floating filter medium. For example, a wedge wire screen, punching metal, T-bar screen, etc. can be used. Preferably, a wedge wire screen and a T-bar screen are excellent because of less screen resistance.
[0019]
The downflow filtration device of the present invention is characterized in that the lower screen is a local screen among the upper and lower screens supporting the filter medium packed bed. The local screen for separating the treated water disposed under the filter medium packed bed acts as a sewage discharge port for emergency evacuation. Here, the local screen refers to the one in which a part or all of the filter medium existing on the upper side of the screen can move to the lower side when a certain pressure or more is applied. The thing which provided the clearance gap between the wall surfaces of the tank, the thing which enclosed the surrounding inner wall surface of the filtration tank in which the treated water discharge pipe is located, etc. are mentioned.
[0020]
The pressure when the floating filter medium moves to the opposite side in the local screen may be arbitrarily set according to the turbidity of the raw water to be applied, the size of the device, the space between the screen and the wall surface, for example, When the raw water turbidity is 100 to 120 degrees, a screen of 100 mmφ is stuck in a 250 mmφ column, and the pressure loss does not rise above 0.2 kPa, so that the filter medium wraps around from the space between the screen and the column wall. By moving to the lower part, the height of the filter medium at the upper part of the screen becomes smaller and the pressure loss becomes smaller.
[0021]
Hereinafter, the downward flow filtration apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the downward flow filtration apparatus of the present invention, and shows an initial stage of filtration or a state in which raw water having low turbidity is being filtered.
In the figure, 1 is a filtration tank, and a raw water inflow pipe 3 is connected to the upper part. The filter medium packed layer made of the floating filter medium 2 is supported on the upper side by a press screen 6, and a local screen 4 is provided on the lower side with a space in between.
[0022]
Next, the downward flow filtration method of the present invention will be described.
In the downward flow filtration apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the raw water is passed through the raw water inflow pipe 3 into the filtration tank 1 in a downward flow, filtered through the filter medium packed bed 2, and then a local screen 4 installed at the bottom of the floating filter medium. The floated filter medium is separated and discharged from the treated water discharge pipe 5 to the outside of the tank. When the load of contaminants is high, the contaminants adhere to the filter medium, and the filter medium settles down due to its weight, and naturally transitions from the initial stage of FIG. 1 to the emergency discharge filtration form of FIG. 3 through the intermediate stage of FIG. To do. In the state of FIG. 3, the filter medium packed layer 2 on the upper part of the local screen 4 has a small thickness and is hardly subjected to pressure loss, and is discharged as treated water with almost no contamination treatment. This is an emergency evacuation circuit based on the natural principle.
[0023]
In order to avoid internal flooding, treated water that has not been filtered will be discharged without treatment due to emergency evacuation.
Filter media can be continuously backwashed by adding air from the bottom and raw water from the top, stirring the air, allowing the filter medium to flow, and removing the thin SS from the local screen. You can continue.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
Example 1
One embodiment of the downward flow filtration using the floating filter medium shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In FIG. 1, a rod-like fiber bundle filter medium having a porosity of 90%, an apparent specific gravity of 0.95, and a length of 10 mmL is formed from a composite fiber of polypropylene and polyethylene as a floating filter medium 2, and filled into a 250 mmφ cylindrical filtration tank 1 with 1000 mmH. did. There is a screen 6 for holding the filter medium above the filter medium packed bed, and a water cover of 1000 mmH is provided from the screen to the raw water inlet. When drainage of raw water SS 100mg / L was passed from the top at LV2000m / day, pressure loss of 0.05kPA in 0.5 hours, 0.12kPA in 1 hour, 0.2kPa in about 1.5 hours, gradually The filter medium settled uniformly. At 3 hours, the amount of SS trapped was 5 kg / m 3 , 3/4 of the filter medium was deposited below the local screen, and untreated water overflowed from the screen. As a result of the pressure loss of 0.2 kPa, the safety valve worked like a natural emergency evacuation.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, filtration with a small pressure loss during filtration for a long time and a large SS trapping amount is performed, and when the SS trapping amount becomes excessive, the untreated liquid naturally overflows, and the emergency evacuation circuit It is a system that does not cause internal flooding.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a downflow filtration apparatus using a floating filter medium according to the present invention, showing a state of an initial filtration stage when highly turbid raw water is passed through.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a floating filter medium is moving to the lower side of a local screen when highly turbid raw water is passed through.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the floating filter material has almost moved to the lower side of the local screen when highly turbid raw water is passed through.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filtration tank 2 Floating filter medium 3 Raw water inflow piping 4 Local screen 5 Treated water discharge pipe 6 Floating filter material press screen

Claims (3)

上部に原水流入配管が接続したろ過槽内に浮上ろ材が充填され、ろ材充填層の上下にスクリーンが設けられた下向流ろ過装置において、ろ材充填層下側のスクリーンは、該スクリーンからろ過槽底部までにろ材が存在できる空間を有する高さに設けられており、さらに圧力損失の上昇に伴いスクリーンの上側に存在するろ材の一部又は全部がスクリーンの下側に移行し得る局所スクリーンであり、かつ局所スクリーンを経た水を処理水排出管へ導くようにしたことを特徴とする下向流ろ過装置。In a downflow filtration apparatus in which a floating filter medium is filled in a filtration tank having a raw water inflow pipe connected to the upper part, and screens are provided above and below the filter medium packed bed, the screen below the filter medium packed bed starts from the screen. It is a local screen that is provided at a height that has a space where the filter medium can exist up to the bottom, and that part or all of the filter medium that exists above the screen can move to the lower side of the screen as the pressure loss increases. and downflow filtration apparatus characterized in that to guide the water passing through the local screen to the treated water discharge pipe. 浮上ろ材が、見かけ比重0.9以上、1.0未満であり、空隙率が80%以上である浮上ろ材である請求項1記載の下向流ろ過装置。  The downflow filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the floating filter is a floating filter having an apparent specific gravity of 0.9 or more and less than 1.0 and a porosity of 80% or more. 請求項1又は請求項2記載の下向流ろ過装置を用い、原水を原水流入配管から通水し、ろ材充填層を通過した処理水を処理水排出管から排出するろ過方法において、高濁質の原水が導入され圧力損失が上昇した場合に、浮上ろ材の一部又は全部が局所スクリーンの下側に移動した状態でろ過が行われることを特徴とする下向流ろ過方法。3. A filtration method using the downflow filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein raw water is passed through a raw water inflow pipe, and treated water that has passed through the filter medium packed bed is discharged from the treated water discharge pipe. When the raw water is introduced and the pressure loss rises , the down-flow filtration method is characterized in that the filtration is performed in a state where a part or all of the floating filter medium is moved below the local screen.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101411700B1 (en) 2014-02-03 2014-06-25 한국정수공업 주식회사 Bundle Fiber Bits Filter with floats
TWI712447B (en) * 2019-03-21 2020-12-11 薩比爾精密工業股份有限公司 Split-flow liquid filter

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5623579B2 (en) * 2013-03-22 2014-11-12 ティビーアール株式会社 Filtration device and backwashing method of filter medium
CN106630125A (en) * 2016-11-19 2017-05-10 合肥创新轻质材料有限公司 An aeration tank provided with a floating type filter material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101411700B1 (en) 2014-02-03 2014-06-25 한국정수공업 주식회사 Bundle Fiber Bits Filter with floats
TWI712447B (en) * 2019-03-21 2020-12-11 薩比爾精密工業股份有限公司 Split-flow liquid filter

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