JP4182255B1 - Microbial material manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

【Task】
In order to industrially produce microbial materials for general households, petroleum products that have an environmental impact are used as raw materials. Liquid microbial materials are easy to handle but have poor storage stability. An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method for microbial materials for general households that are safe for the human body, easy to handle, and can be mass-produced without using petroleum products as raw materials.
[Solution]
The method for producing microbial materials includes the step of administering red non-sulfur bacteria (S1), the step of administering purified glucose on a regular basis and quantitatively (S2), the cultivation of perennial vegetative growth type plants, A step of breeding useful bacteria in the culture solution (S3), a step of collecting the hydroponics solution and sending it to the culture tank (S4), a step of adding red non-sulfur bacteria and purified glucose to the culture tank (S5 and S6), a step (S7) of growing the useful bacteria in a culture tank.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to the production of microbial materials for breeding useful bacteria in hydroponics.

In nature, microorganisms play a role in improving the living environment of organisms such as decomposition of organic matter such as animal and plant bodies and excrement, promotion of nutrient absorption and growth of plants, suppression of pathogenic bacteria, reduction of harmful gases, purification of water, etc. Plays.
Microbial materials are intended to artificially utilize the functions of these microorganisms, reuse organic waste discharged from food factories, etc., as organic fertilizers, prevent soil diseases in agriculture, and promote plant growth. It has been put to practical use in various fields such as biological treatment of factory effluents, deodorization and garbage disposal in general households.
For example, microbial materials for general households are manufactured by a known technique such as drying and pulverizing a culture medium such as fish meal, or a carrier such as calcium carbonate added with microorganisms and water by vacuum drying or the like. Such microbial materials are industrially produced by adding surfactants, extenders, colorants and the like (for example, see Patent Document 1).
On the other hand, the present applicant discloses a hydroponic plant and hydroponic cultivation method using photosynthetic bacteria in Patent Document 2.

Japanese Patent No. 3018144 Japanese Patent No. 4019330

  It is natural that microbial materials for general households are safe for the human body, easy to handle, and can be mass-produced, but microbial materials originally have a function as environmental improvement materials. In the future, it will be hoped that it will contribute to reducing the load on waste disposal facilities, water and sewage facilities, and improving the water quality of lakes, rivers, etc. by using it in each household.

  For example, in the technology described in Patent Document 1, in order to industrially produce microbial materials, it is necessary to use petroleum products that are burdened on the environment as raw materials, and liquid microbial materials are easy to handle, It has been pointed out that storage stability is poor. Moreover, the technique of patent document 2 aims at utilizing photosynthetic bacteria for plant cultivation, and is not shown at all about the manufacturing technique of microbial material.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technology for producing microbial materials for general households that is safe for the human body, easy to handle, and can be mass-produced without using petroleum products that are burdensome on the environment as raw materials. To do.

According to one aspect of the present invention, and greenhouse having a culture bed, and nutrient solution tank having an aeration device, the hydroponic system of hydroponic nutrient solution circulating type containing purple non-sulfur bacteria and a culture of the same plant A device that is used in parallel, a metering pump that administers a predetermined amount of purified glucose to the nutrient solution tank, and a culture tank having chemical oxygen demand measuring means and weak aeration means installed in the greenhouse. A pump and a pipe for feeding the hydroponic solution in the nutrient solution tank to the culture tank are provided.

The invention according to claim 2 is a step of administering red non-sulfur bacteria to the nutrient solution tank using the hydroponic device and the microorganism material producing device according to claim 1, and the nutrient solution by the metering pump. A step of administering a predetermined amount of purified glucose to the tank at predetermined intervals, a step of cultivating the same vegetative growth type plant that can be grown year- round in the cultivation bed, and the culture of the hydroponic solution in the nutrient solution tank The step of feeding to a tank and the step of administering a predetermined amount of red non-sulfur bacteria and purified glucose to the culture tank and performing weak aeration are performed in parallel .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the primary culture apparatus for microorganisms is a hydroponic apparatus for cultivating plants, and since a hydroponic solution is used for the propagation process of useful bacteria, mass production is possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the only raw materials that are artificially added to produce the microbial material are hydroponic nutrient solution prepared by hydroponic fertilizer for plant cultivation, purified glucose, and red non-sulfur bacterial stock solution. None of them are safe for humans and contain no petroleum products.
In addition, the product is liquid and easy to handle, and in the liquid, added purified glucose, essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and trace elements, plant tissue fragments secreted and released from plant roots and microorganisms, Sugar, amino acids, organic acids, nucleic acids, enzymes, plant hormones, etc. are the same as those that are ingested under normal conditions in hydroponic fluids. Therefore, the storage stability is good and the activity of microorganisms is not easily lost. The present invention is not limited to general households and can be widely used for the production of microbial materials.

The photosynthetic bacteria themselves have a strong organic matter resolution, and when they coexist with Azotobacter, the nitrogen fixation ability is remarkably improved, contributing to the growth of actinomycetes as food, and symbiosis with pathogenic bacteria It has been reported that it has not been observed, and can coexist and coexist with microorganisms widely distributed in nature, and promotes the propagation of other useful bacteria.
In the present invention, only a photosynthetic bacterium (a red non-sulfur bacterium is used in the present invention) is administered into a hydroponic solution in an environment that is half open to nature, such as cultivation in a greenhouse, and is released from the plant root. By using the organic substance and purified glucose administered as a feed, the photosynthetic bacteria are propagated, and other beneficial bacteria are naturally propagated by the symbiosis with the photosynthetic bacteria. This is because in the rhizosphere of the soil where the plant grows, at the tip of the plant root, shed cells from root crown cells, shed cells from root hairs, insoluble organic matter, water-soluble organic matter from young cells, at the root base, Hydrophobic activity of the natural rhizosphere microorganisms that the root excretion cells and tissues and metabolic secretions by microorganisms that have invaded the roots are released, and the rhizosphere microorganisms propagate using the organic matter released from these roots as food. It is used for cultivation and propagates microorganisms in a hydroponic solution. In this way, the same useful bacteria are administered, and the same plant is produced at the same place in the same year by the same device and the same cultivation method, thereby realizing an environment similar to liquor brewing. The stable breeding of useful bacteria of the same type is realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a microbial material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

  The manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention includes a humidifier (2) and a watering facility (3) in a greenhouse (1). In addition, the gantry (4) is installed on the ground inside the greenhouse (1), and the hydroponics bed (5) installed on it and the nutrient solution tank embedded in the greenhouse (1) inside or outside the facility ( 6) is connected to the pipe (21), and the hydroponic liquid (19) is sent to the cultivation bed (5) by the pump (7) installed in the nutrient tank (6). The hydroponic solution (19) is returned to the nutrient solution tank (6) under natural flow, and has a nutrient solution circulation type hydroponic device that circulates the hydroponic solution (19). Three types of aeration equipment: Venturi tube type (9) at the return port (8) of hydroponic culture solution, vertical pump type (10) inside the nutrient solution tank, and dispersion gas type (13) at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6) And an abnormal growth prevention device (14) for microorganisms at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6). The pump for pumping the chemical liquid metering pump (20) controlled by the timer and the hydroponic culture liquid (19) to the culture liquid tank (6) and sending it to the culture tank (16) opened in the upper part of the greenhouse (1). (15) In the culture tank (16), an aerator-type aeration apparatus (17), a hydroponic solution (19) in the nutrient solution tank (6), and a COD (chemical oxygen) in the culture solution in the culture vessel (16) A portable measuring instrument for measuring the required amount).

  The outline of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention is as follows. A humidifier (2) is installed in the air inside the greenhouse (1), and a watering facility (3) is installed on the ground. A stand (4) is installed on the ground part inside the greenhouse (1), and a hydroponics bed (5) is installed thereon. The nutrient solution tank (6) is buried in the basement of the outside facility of the greenhouse (1), the submersible pump (7) is installed at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6), and the submersible pump (7) is connected to the pipe (21). Is connected to one end of the hydroponics bed (5), and the other end of the hydroponic bed (5) is connected to the return port of the hydroponics solution (6) in the nutrient tank (6) by the pipe (21) 8). At the return port (8) of the hydroponic solution, an aeration device (9) using a venturi tube is installed. In the nutrient solution tank (6), there is a vertical pump type aeration device (10) that pumps up the hydroponic solution (19) from the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6) and drops the hydroponic solution (19) on the liquid level. is set up. A blower (11) is installed outside the nutrient solution tank (6) and a pressure hose is connected. An aeration hose (12) is attached to the tip of the blower (11) and placed at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6). The device (13) is used. (A part of the aeration apparatus can be omitted depending on the capacity of the nutrient solution tank.) In addition, a device for preventing abnormal growth of microorganisms (14) is installed at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6). A timer-controlled chemical solution metering pump (20) is installed outside the nutrient solution tank (6) to deliver purified glucose regularly and quantitatively. A submersible pump (15) is installed at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6), and then piped to a culture tank (16) for growing microorganisms installed on the ground part inside the greenhouse, to the culture tank (16) Is equipped with an aerator-type aeration device (17) suitable for facultative anaerobic bacteria. The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) measuring instrument is portable, and is stored in a separate place except during measurement.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the production process of the microbial material of the present invention, a step of administering red non-sulfur bacteria (S1), a step of regular and quantitative administration of purified glucose (S2), a perennial vegetative growth type plant Cultivating the cultivated bacteria in the hydroponic culture solution in the nutrient solution tank / cultivation bed (S3), collecting the hydroponic solution and sending it to the culture tank (S4), It comprises a step of adding red non-sulfur bacteria and purified glucose (S5 and S6), and a step of growing the useful bacteria in a culture tank (S7).

  According to the present invention, in the hydroponic apparatus, after photosynthetic bacteria are administered into the hydroponic nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank (step S1), purified glucose is administered on a regular basis and in a fixed amount (step S2). A vegetative growth-type plant that can be cultivated annually (for example, Sorashina, Moroheiya) is cultivated, and photosynthetic bacteria and useful bacteria that coexist with the photosynthetic bacteria are propagated in the hydroponic solution (step S3). At the stage where the amount of microorganisms in the hydroponic liquid is measured and reaches the standard, the hydroponic liquid is collected and transferred to the culture tank installed in the greenhouse (step S4), and the red non-sulfur bacteria and purified glucose are added. Add again (step S5, step S6) and leave it under weak aeration and agitation with a small aerator type aeration device suitable for growth of facultative anaerobic bacteria under natural light (step S7), and finally The amount of microorganisms in the liquid is measured with a COD (chemical oxygen demand) measuring device.

  In the hydroponic solution, the present invention constantly grows photosynthetic bacteria (red non-sulfur bacteria) and useful bacteria that coexist with them, and only a necessary amount of microbial material is produced at a constant density. By collecting a hydroponic solution in which useful bacteria are propagated, re-adding the main components of photosynthetic bacteria (red non-sulfur bacteria) and purified glucose that is constantly fed, Producing microbial materials that can be put to practical use in time. In addition, hydroponics solution includes glucose, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, essential nutrient elements such as trace elements, plant tissue fragments released from plant roots, sugar, organic acids, amino acids, nucleic acids, Since it contains many nutrient sources of the same microorganisms as those that are ingested under conditions that are constantly breeding in hydroponic liquids, such as enzymes secreted by microorganisms, plant hormones, etc., the nutrient source preparation process is unnecessary, Since facultative anaerobic bacteria are used, the preservation stability is good and the activity of microorganisms is not easily lost. Further, since the carrier is a liquid, it is easier to handle than a solid (powder) carrier. Taking a greenhouse equipped with a 1000 square meter hydroponic device as an example, 8 to 25 tons of hydroponic solution per day is consumed by nutrient absorption, transpiration, and natural evaporation of plants. Since it has been renewed into liquid, even if it is used for the production of microbial materials, a hydroponic liquid of about 200 liters to 1 ton per day can be used for the production of microbial materials, and it can be mass-produced. Do not use heavy oil products.

  The effects of microbial materials include deodorizing effects such as septic odor, decomposition of proteins and lipids such as manure, garbage, piping nulls, mold and sludge, and gases such as hydrogen sulfide, methane and ammonia generated from sewage Examples thereof include a generation inhibiting action, a urine stone, a decomposition action of a compound in which inorganic substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil are combined with an organic substance and insolubilized, and a plant growth promoting action. Of these, deodorizing action, protein / lipid decomposition action, gas generation inhibiting action, insolubilized compound decomposition action are the original metabolic activity of microorganisms, action of enzymes released by microorganisms, antagonism of microorganisms, bacteriostatic action, etc. The growth-promoting action of plants is explained by the action of plant hormones such as auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin secreted by microorganisms.

  Among the plants that can be cultivated in the shape of the hydroponics bed of vegetables, flowers, and foliage plants, the plants cultivated in the production apparatus of the present invention are vegetative growth-type plants that can be cultivated over the years, such as Sorashinsai, Morohaya, Ashitaba, Watercress, seri, spring chrysanthemum, foliage plants, etc. are suitable.

  The red non-sulfur bacteria to be administered are facultative anaerobic bacteria, and Rp. Capsulata, Rp. Sphaerides, Rp. gelatinosa, Rp. palustris, Rp. ruburum, Rp. acidophila, Rp. fulvum is suitable, particularly Rp.capsulata is most suitable.

  The configuration of each part in the above-described embodiment is an example, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Examples are shown below.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of an NFT-type hydroponic device (a nutrient solution complete circulation type) having a greenhouse area of 1000 square meters, an effective cultivation bed area of 600 square meters, a nutrient solution tank capacity of 5 tons, and a total hydroponics estimated amount of about 16 tons.

  The watering equipment (3) is equipped with a water-permeable weed-proof sheet on the ground, and drip, small sprinklers, etc. are attached to the water source so that the whole surface can be sprinkled, and controlled by a solenoid valve, timer, etc., or a watering hose is set To do.

  The humidifier (2) is a humidifier (for example, 4 liters per hour) that sprays water used in the production facility for fungus bed mushrooms in a mist, and three humidifiers are installed per 1000 square meters of the greenhouse.

  A hydroponic solution (9) attached to the return port (8) of the hydroponic solution from the cultivation bed (5) in the nutrient solution tank (6) is attached to the hydroponic solution (9) and returned to the nutrient solution tank (6). 19) Drop and aerate the entire volume.

  About the vertical pump type aeration device (10) by submersible pump, it is a submersible pump with a discharge capacity of 100 liters / min at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6) at 0.15 kW, caliber 32 millimeters, lift 2 meters Install one or two units, suck up the hydroponic solution (19) at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6), and pipe the hydroponic solution (19) to fall in the air.

  As for the dispersion type aeration apparatus (13) by the aeration hose (12), the blower (11) having a rated output of 0.011 mpa outside the nutrient tank (6) and a discharge air amount of 29 to 38 liters / minute is provided. And an aeration hose (12) having a diameter of 25 mm and having a diameter of 25 to 40 centimeters, which is directly connected to each blower by a pressure hose, is placed at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6). The blower output is 0.011 mpa to 0.015 mpa, and the total air discharge amount is 120 to 160 liters / minute.

  The apparatus for preventing abnormal growth of microorganisms (14) is a set of 15 meters of water treatment contact material knitted with a looped fiber having a diameter of 45 mm in a nylon mesh bag and closed mouth. A stone weight (2.5 kg) is attached to the center of the bottom of a plastic container (lattice 10 mm, 650 mm × 350 mm × height 250 mm), two sets of water treatment contact materials are placed, and a stainless steel mesh (50 Four sets of lids with millimeters) are placed in two rows in two rows at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6).

  The timer-controlled chemical liquid metering pump (20) uses a 24-hour timer with a unit of 15 minutes. A chemical liquid metering pump (20) having a discharge rate of 200 ml to 2000 ml per minute is used.

  A 200 liter culture tank made of polycarbonate with a diameter of 720 mm and a height of 700 mm with an open top placed in a greenhouse from a 0.15 kw submersible pump (15) at the bottom of the nutrient solution tank (6). 16) PVC pipe with a diameter of 20 centimeters, and attach a valve to the tip. In the culture tank (16), the wall below the liquid level is 3.3 watts, a maximum discharge rate of 4.0 liters per minute, and a 13 mm diameter submersible pump T-shaped jet pipe connected with a vinyl pipe The aerator type aeration device (17) is installed.

  As a measuring device for measuring the COD (chemical oxygen demand) value of the hydroponic solution in the nutrient solution tank and the culture solution in the culture tank, a portable measuring device that measures COD by the ultraviolet absorbance method is used.

  Only at the beginning of cultivation and when a tendency to reduce the growth of cultivated plants is observed, until the effect appears every two to three days, 20 liters of red non-sulfur bacteria that have been expanded and cultured in hydroponic solution at a time In addition to being administered to the tank, about 180 liters in total are sprayed on the ground in plants and greenhouses with a power sprayer.

  For the administration of purified glucose, 120 liters of 10 to 30 weight percent aqueous solution of purified glucose is prepared, and usually a timer-controlled liquid metering infusion pump set to 1000 ml per minute is operated for 15 minutes twice a day in the morning. When adjusting the propagation amount of microorganisms, the concentration of the purified glucose aqueous solution or the number of operations of the chemical liquid metering pump per day is increased or decreased.

  After measuring the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the hydroponic solution in the nutrient solution tank, pump it from the nutrient solution tank and send it to a 200-liter lidless culture tank. Add 150 grams of dissolved purified glucose, set a small aerator-type aeration device, and leave it in a place exposed to sunlight in a greenhouse for about 24 to 48 hours with weak aeration and stirring. If the liquid becomes cloudy and a large number of bubbles are generated on the surface of the liquid, after measuring the COD (chemical oxygen demand), it is taken out from the culture tank, filtered and filled into a container to complete the microorganism material. If the product is stored at a low temperature of about 10 degrees Celsius, it can be stored for one year.

  The measured value of COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the present invention is the total amount of organic matter in the hydroponics / culture solution, the amount of organic matter released from the plant root, the amount of microorganisms, the amount of microbial carcasses, the amount of metabolic secretion of microorganisms This is considered to be the total amount of purified glucose administered. Unless there is a change in cultivated plants, a significant increase or decrease in yield, or a significant change in weather conditions, the change in the amount of organic matter released from the plant roots appears to be small, and the residual amount of purified glucose is consumed by microorganisms in a short time. Therefore, it is estimated that there are few. Therefore, it is considered that the fluctuation of the COD (chemical oxygen demand) value is an increase / decrease in the amount of microorganisms, and an increase / decrease in the amount of microbial carcasses and metabolic secretion of microorganisms. In the microbial material of the present invention, not only the red non-sulfur bacterium to be added or administered, but also various useful bacteria that coexist with the photosynthetic bacterium (red non-sulfur bacterium) and cooperate with each other. COD (chemical oxygen demand) is taken as an index of the total amount and used as a simple means for grasping the total amount of microorganisms. In addition, it is difficult to immediately measure the number of microorganisms on site using a known technique such as planar culture.

  Taking the actual measured value of COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the hydroponic solution as an example, in the case of normal hydroponic culture, it is about 5 to 20 ppm, but the hydroponic solution in the present invention Among them, 20 to 60 ppm, and a value of 1200 ppm or more is measured in the liquid after growth in the culture tank which is the final step. In relation to the action effect of the microbial material, the effect is not recognized at less than 20 ppm, and at a level of 20 to 60 ppm, a weak deodorizing effect and a plant growth promoting effect are recognized in the presence of useful bacteria. However, it is necessary for the product to grow to 1200 ppm or more in terms of COD (chemical oxygen demand) value in order to achieve an immediate and sustained action effect as a microbial material and reach a level that can be put to practical use. There is.

Microbial materials for general households include deodorizing toilets, flush toilets, septic tanks, etc., removing urine from toilet bowls, deodorizing pet manure, deodorizing kitchen sinks, purifying piping, baths Deodorization of drainage outlets, purification of pipes, removal of scale from bathtubs, removal of mold from tile joints, deodorization of garbage storage area, deodorization of compost, deodorization and purification of sewage ditches, growth of pots and ornamental plants Etc. are expected.
The usage method is about 200 ml to 2 liters for deodorization and purification of piping such as flush toilets, flush toilets, septic tanks, kitchen sinks, and bathroom drains. For removal of urinary stone from toilet bowl, removal of scale from bathtub, mold removal from tile joints, etc., spray well onto the target, leave it for more than half a day, and then rub it off with a sponge. For deodorization of pet manure, garbage storage, compost, etc., spray the target sufficiently. For deodorization and purification of sewers, administer the dose according to the target area regularly. In order to improve the growth of potted plants and houseplants, an amount of water to be irrigated is injected into the root and sprayed onto the leaves.

  At present, acid, alkali, chlorine, ozone, powerful surfactants, etc. are used for removing urine from toilet bowls, removing scales from bathtubs, removing mold from tile joints, and cleaning pipes in toilets, kitchens, bathrooms, etc. Although they are used, all of them are harmful to the human body, require careful handling, and place a burden on the environment. Although microbial materials require time for processing, these problems can be solved. In the future, microbial materials that do not impact the environment should play a role as substitutes for chemical cleaning agents.

It is a schematic diagram of the microbial material manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the microbial material of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Greenhouse 2 Humidifier 3 Sprinkling equipment 4 Base 5 Hydroponics bed 6 Nutrient tank 7 Submersible pump 8 Hydroponic liquid return port 9 Venturi tube aeration device 10 Vertical pump aeration device 11 Blower 12 Aeration hose 13 Blower dispersion Pneumatic aeration device 14 Microorganism abnormal growth prevention device 15 Submersible pump 16 Culture tank 17 Submerged aerator-type aeration device 18 Cultivation plant 19 Hydroponic culture solution 20 Timer-controlled chemical injection pump 21 Piping

Claims (2)

It is an apparatus that utilizes a hydroponic solution circulation type hydroponic device containing a red non-sulfur bacterium comprising a greenhouse having a cultivation bed and a nutrient solution tank having an aeration device in parallel with cultivation of the same plant. ,
A metering pump for administering a predetermined amount of purified glucose to the nutrient solution tank, a culture tank having chemical oxygen demand measuring means and weak aeration means installed in the greenhouse, and hydroponics in the nutrient solution tank An apparatus for producing a microbial material, comprising a pump and a pipe for feeding the liquid to the culture tank. By using the manufacturing apparatus of the hydroponic unit and microbial material of claim 1,
The step of administering red non-sulfur bacteria to the nutrient solution tank, the step of administering a predetermined amount of purified glucose to the nutrient solution tank at predetermined intervals by the metering pump, and the same year-round cultivatable nutrition in the cultivation bed A step of cultivating a growth-type plant, a step of feeding a hydroponic nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank to the culture tank, and a step of administering a predetermined amount of red non-sulfur bacteria and purified glucose to the culture tank and performing weak aeration And a method for producing a microbial material, wherein the method is performed in parallel .