JP4157514B2 - 排ガス浄化触媒及びそれを備えた車用排ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化触媒及びそれを備えた車用排ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4157514B2 JP4157514B2 JP2004306612A JP2004306612A JP4157514B2 JP 4157514 B2 JP4157514 B2 JP 4157514B2 JP 2004306612 A JP2004306612 A JP 2004306612A JP 2004306612 A JP2004306612 A JP 2004306612A JP 4157514 B2 JP4157514 B2 JP 4157514B2
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- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- acid
- gas purification
- group
- catalyst
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G15/00—Compounds of gallium, indium or thallium
- C01G15/006—Compounds containing, besides gallium, indium, or thallium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/003—Titanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G33/00—Compounds of niobium
- C01G33/006—Compounds containing, besides niobium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/006—Compounds containing, besides manganese, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Manganates manganites or permanganates
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Description
<製造例1>
[担持用担体複合酸化物の作製]
所定量の硝酸ランタン六水和物、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸アルミニウム九水和物及び硝酸マグネシウムをイオン交換水に溶解し、混合水溶液を作製した。次に、所定量のリンゴ酸をイオン交換水に溶解し、リンゴ酸水溶液を作製した。これら2つの水溶液を混合して、ホットプレートスターラにのせ、250℃で撹拌子を用いて撹拌しながら加熱し、水分蒸発の後、分解乾固させ、乾固物を乳鉢で粉砕した。これをアルミナ坩堝に移し、マッフル炉にて2.5℃/minで350℃まで昇温し、350℃で3時間熱処理を施した。これにより、リンゴ酸塩、硝酸根を除去した仮焼成体を作製した。仮焼成体を乳鉢で15分間粉砕混合した後、再びアルミナ坩堝に入れ、マッフル炉にて5℃/minで900℃まで昇温し、900℃で10時間熱処理を施した。これにより、La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3なる組成のペロブスカイト複合酸化物を作製した。
次に、所定量の硝酸パラジウム二水和物をイオン交換水に溶解し、硝酸パラジウム水溶液を作製した。次いで、硝酸パラジウム水溶液と所定量のLaAlO3粉末をナス型フラスコに入れ、ナス型フラスコをロータリーエバポレータで減圧しながら、60℃の湯浴中で蒸発乾固させた。その後、マッフル炉にて2.5℃/minで250℃まで昇温し、さらに5℃/minで750℃まで昇温して、750℃で3時間保持した。これにより、PdをLa0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3に含浸担持したPd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3なる製造例1の触媒粉末を得た。
次に、得られた製造例1の触媒粉末について、初期及び耐久処理後の活性評価を実施した。評価は、自動車のモデル排ガスを触媒に流通させ、A/F(空燃比)=14.6相当、SV(空間速度)=50000h−1にて行った。耐久処理は、A/F=14.6相当のモデル排ガスにより900℃の耐久温度で20時間行った。これらの結果を表1,2に示す。即ち、表1には、触媒の昇温試験における、CO、HC、NOの50%浄化温度(耐久処理前の触媒性能評価)を示す。また、表2には、耐久処理後の触媒の昇温試験における、CO、HC、NOの400℃における浄化率(耐久処理後の触媒性能評価)を示す。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Sr0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Ti0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Nb0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Zn0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Ga0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Li0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/Gd0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Li0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Y0.2Al0.8Li0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mn0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
製造例1と同様の方法で、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Co0.2O3を製造し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
市販のアルミナ(AF115、住友化学製)に、上記製造例1と同様の方法で貴金属を担持し、Pd/Al2O3を作製し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
所定量の酸化ランタン、炭酸カルシウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウムをめのう乳鉢で混合し、アルミナ坩堝に入れ、マッフル炉にて1100℃で10時間焼成し、固相反応法によりLa0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3を作製した。これを用いて、上記製造例1と同様にPdを担持し、Pd/La0.8Ca0.2Al0.8Mg0.2O3を作製し、各種活性評価を行った。その結果を表1,2に併記する。
Claims (3)
- PdがLn1−aXaAl1−bZbO3(Ln:希土類元素、X:アルカリ土類金属、Z:2、4、5族元素又は12、13族元素、0.02≦a≦0.30、0.02≦b≦0.30)である示性式の複合酸化物上に担持されてなり、前記複合酸化物の結晶系が三方晶又は菱面体晶であるとともに、前記複合酸化物の結晶構造がペロブスカイト型構造であり、化合物群(OH基又はSH基を有する炭素数2〜20のカルボン酸、炭素数2又は3のジカルボン酸、及び炭素数1〜20のモノカルボン酸)から選ばれた少なくとも1種を構成元素の硝酸塩水溶液或いは塩化物水溶液に添加する工程を経て製造されたことを特徴とする排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 前記硝酸塩水溶液或いは塩化物水溶液を蒸発乾固させてカルボン酸錯体重合物を作製する工程と、前記カルボン酸錯体重合物を焼成する焼成工程とを経て製造されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- 請求項1または2に記載の排ガス浄化触媒を備えた車用排ガス浄化装置。
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US11/245,064 US7589045B2 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2005-10-07 | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst and exhaust gas purifying device therewith for vehicle |
DE102005049240A DE102005049240A1 (de) | 2004-10-21 | 2005-10-14 | Abgasreinigungskatalysator und damit ausgestattete Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug |
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