JP4121114B2

JP4121114B2 - Air spring

Info

Publication number: JP4121114B2
Application number: JP2002100770A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 誠家中; 和隆西平; 敦洋藤原; 玲東谷; 與志佐藤
Original assignee: Bridgestone Corp; Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Bridgestone Corp; Nippon Steel Corp
Priority date: 2002-04-03
Filing date: 2002-04-03
Publication date: 2008-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2022-04-03
Also published as: JP2003294073A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、車両の走行安定性を高めつつ耐久性を維持できる空気バネに関し、例えば、鉄道車両の台車、特にボルスタレスタイプ台車に使用されるボルスタレス空気バネに好適なものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、空気バネの一種として、下側の取付部材の上部に積層ゴムを介してゴム等で筒状に形成されたダイヤフラムを配置すると共に、この上に上側の取付部材が取り付けられ、振動発生部或いは振動受け部にこれら取付部材の何れか一方がそれぞれ連結されるような構造を有し、鉄道車両の台車に用いられているボルスタレス空気バネが、知られている。
そして、このボルスタレス空気バネでは、振動の入力により軸方向に沿った相対変位が一対の取付部材間に生じるようになっている。
【０００３】
例えば、この種のボルスタレス空気バネの一例として、図８に示されるようなものが知られており、この図に基づき従来技術を説明する。
この図に示すように、このボルスタレス空気バネ１１０は、上面板１１４と中間材１１８とをゴム材などで形成されたダイヤフラム１１６で連結し、このダイヤフラム１１６がパンクしてダイヤフラム１１６の内圧が０となった時における車両の非常走行用としての積層ゴム１２０が、中間材１１８と下面板１１２との間に配置される構造となっている。
【０００４】
つまり、従来のこのボルスタレス空気バネ１１０には、ダイヤフラム１１６と直列的に配置される形で積層ゴム１２０が設けられているが、この積層ゴム１２０の上下方向ばね定数は、重い鉄道車両の車体を支える関係から、８０００Ｎ／ｍｍ〜１４０００Ｎ／ｍｍ、通常約１００００Ｎ／ｍｍ程度とされ、硬いバネとなっていた。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来のボルスタレス空気バネ１１０では、ダイヤフラム１１６の内圧が０の時におけるばね定数が非常に高くなる関係から、内圧０時にはクッション性が乏しく、振動が路面側から車体に直接伝わる欠点があった。
これに対して、ゴム硬度の低いゴム材を採用することなどで、この積層ゴム１２０のばね定数を下げてバネを柔らかくすることは可能であるが、この場合には、荷重変動による車両の例えば前後左右方向の撓み量の変化が大きくなるので、ダイヤフラム１１６内に空気が封入された状態では、かえって走行安定性を阻害する要因になる可能性があった。
【０００６】
さらに、ゴム硬度の低いゴム材を採用して積層ゴム１２０を柔らかくした場合、積層ゴム１２０を形成するゴム材の劣化が早まって空気バネの耐久性が低下する虞もあった。
本発明は上記事実を考慮し、車両の走行安定性を高めつつ耐久性を維持し得る空気バネを提供することが目的である。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に記載の空気バネは、振動発生部及び振動受け部の一方に連結される第１の取付部材と、
振動発生部及び振動受け部の他方に連結される第２の取付部材と、
一対の取付部材間に配置される中間材と、
中間材と第２の取付部材との間に配設されてこれら一対の取付部材の相対変位に伴って弾性変形する筒状のダイヤフラムと、
上記第１の取付部材と中間材との間に配設され且つ、複数のゴム材を積み重ねた構造とされる積層ゴムと、
上記一対の取付部材間に配設され且つ、積層ゴムの上下方向ばね定数より上下方向ばね定数が低い弾性ストッパ材と、を有し、
弾性ストッパ材が、一対の支持部材とこれら一対の支持部材に接着されるストッパゴムとで形成された空気バネであって、
一対の支持部材の一方が、内周側に貫通孔を有すると共に中間材より第２の取付部材側に少なくとも一部が突出した構造の第１支持部材とされ、一対の支持部材の他方が積層ゴム内において第１支持部材の外周側に配置される第２支持部材とされ、これら一対の支持部材間に、リング状に形成されたストッパゴムが配置されることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項１に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
振動発生部及び振動受け部の一方に連結される第１の取付部材と、振動発生部及び振動受け部の他方に連結される第２の取付部材との間に、中間材が配置され、また、この中間材と第２の取付部材との間に筒状のダイヤフラムが配設されて、一対の取付部材の相対変位に伴ってこのダイヤフラムが弾性変形する。
【０００９】
従って、振動発生部が振動を発生させた場合、第１の取付部材或いは第２の取付部材の何れか一方を介して振動がダイヤフラムに伝達され、これら第１の取付部材と第２の取付部材の間の相対的な移動に伴うダイヤフラムの変形により振動が吸収されて、第１の取付部材或いは第２の取付部材の他方に連結された振動受け部側に振動が伝達され難くなる。
【００１０】
さらに、これら第１の取付部材と中間材との間には、複数のゴム材を積み重ねて積層した構造とされる積層ゴムが、配設され、一対の取付部材間には、積層ゴムのばね定数よりばね定数が低い弾性ストッパ材が、配設されている。
この為、積層ゴムだけでなく弾性ストッパ材を有することにより、ダイヤフラムがパンクした時であっても、弾性ストッパ材により荷重を支持できるので、積層ゴムの硬さが従来例の積層ゴムと同様の硬さのままでも、空気バネ全体として高いクッション性が得られる。
以上より、ゴム硬度の低いゴム材を積層ゴムに採用しなくとも良くなるので、空気バネが設置された車両の走行安定性を高めることができ、また、積層ゴムの劣化が早まらないので、空気バネの耐久性を維持することが可能となる。
【００１１】
他方、本請求項では、弾性ストッパ材が、一対の支持部材とこれら一対の支持部材に接着されるストッパゴムとで形成され、一対の支持部材の一方が、内周側に貫通孔を有すると共に中間材より第２の取付部材側に少なくとも一部が突出した構造の第１支持部材とされ、一対の支持部材の他方が積層ゴム内において第１支持部材の外周側に配置される第２支持部材とされている。そして、これら一対の支持部材間に、リング状に形成されたストッパゴムが配置されている。
つまり、本請求項では、内周側に貫通孔を有した構造の第１支持部材を用いたので、弾性ストッパ材を中空構造にできる。この為、空気バネのダイヤフラム内の空間と空気バネの下に位置する補助タンクとの間を容易に連通可能となった。
【００１２】
請求項２に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
本請求項は請求項１と同様の構成を有して同様な作用を奏する。但し本請求項では、第１支持部材が内筒とされると共に、第２支持部材が内筒の外周側に配置される外筒とされ、内筒の外周面と外筒の内周面とが、相互に同軸状になるようにストッパゴムが形成されるという構成になっている。
つまり、本請求項では、例えば車両の前後左右のいずれの方向にも均等にクッション性を有することになる。
【００１３】
請求項３に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
本請求項は請求項１及び請求項２と同様の構成を有して同様な作用を奏する。但し本請求項では、弾性ストッパ材が中間材に取付けられるという構成になっている。
【００１４】
つまり、本請求項では、中間材に取付けられる弾性ストッパ材の存在により、ダイヤフラムがパンクして内圧が０となっても、車両の荷重を積層ゴムだけでなくこの弾性ストッパ材により支持できるので、請求項１の作用を確実に達成できるようになる。
【００１５】
請求項４に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
本請求項は請求項３と同様の構成を有して同様な作用を奏する。但し本請求項では、第２の取付部材が中間材に連結されたという構成になっている。
つまり、本請求項では、一対の支持部材の内の第２の取付部材が中間材に連結されているので、これによっても請求項１の作用をより確実に達成できるようになる。
【００１６】
請求項５に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
本請求項は請求項１から請求項４と同様の構成を有して同様な作用を奏する。但し本請求項では、弾性ストッパ材を形成する第１支持部材にテフロン材を設置したという構成になっている。
つまり、本請求項では、第１支持部材にテフロン（登録商標）材を設置したことで、ダイヤフラムがパンクして内圧が０となり、弾性ストッパ材が第２の取付部材側に当接した際に、このテフロン材で第２の取付部材側と当接するようにできる。この結果、このように当接した状態であれば、車両の前後左右方向に変位入力が加わった場合に、このテフロン材により滑って、弾性ストッパ材側と第２の取付部材側とが相対的変位可能となる。よって、弾性ストッパ材が水平方向に力を直接受けることを防止できる。
【００１７】
請求項６に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
本請求項は請求項１から請求項５と同様の構成を有して同様な作用を奏する。但し本請求項では、第１支持部材が内筒だけでなくフランジ材により構成され、このフランジ材にテフロン材が設置されると共に内筒が圧入される形に、第１支持部材が形成されるという構成になっている。
つまり、本請求項では、請求項５と同様に作用するだけでなく、テフロン材が設置されるフランジ材に、内筒が圧入される構造としたことで、テフロン材をより容易に支持部材に設置できるようになった。
【００１８】
請求項７に係る空気バネの作用を以下に説明する。
本請求項は請求項１から請求項６と同様の構成を有して同様な作用を奏する。但し本請求項では、一対の取付部材の内の何れかにポート金具が固定され、このポート金具の内周側或いは内筒の内周側に、細径に形成された絞り部及び雌ネジが設けられたという構成になっている。
つまり、本請求項では、ポート金具の内周側或いは内筒の内周側に、絞り部及び雌ネジを有することで、この空気バネの運搬が容易となると共に、気体の流通に伴って減衰を生じさせることが可能になった。
【００１９】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る空気バネを図１から図４に示し、これらの図に基づき本実施の形態を説明する。
図１に示すように、本実施の形態に係る空気バネであるボルスタレス空気バネ１０は、図示しない例えばサポート金具側へ連結される円板状に形成された第１の取付部材である下面板１２を備えている。また、この図示しないサポート金具が車両の車輪等と連結されることになる。
【００２０】
この下面板１２の中央には、気体を吸排気する為の円筒状の第１ポート金具１４が溶接等により固定されており、この第１ポート金具１４の外周に、封止の為のＯリング１６が取り付けられている。また、下面板１２の上部には、円筒状に形成され且つ上下方向ばね定数が８０００Ｎ／ｍｍ〜１４０００Ｎ／ｍｍ、通常約１００００Ｎ／ｍｍ程度とされた積層ゴム１８が、下面板１２の上面と加硫接着されて配置されている。
【００２１】
そして、この積層ゴム１８は、それぞれリング状に金属で形成された複数のリング板２０と、それぞれリング状にゴム材で形成された複数の弾性体２２とを、交互に積み重ねて積層した構造とされている。
この積層ゴム１８の上部には、リング状に金属で形成された連結用リング２４が、積層ゴム１８の上面と加硫接着されて配置されており、この連結用リング２４の上面には、リング状に形成された中間材２６が、ボルト２８によりねじ止められて固定されている。尚、この中間材２６の上面には、図１及び図３に示すテフロン製の第１摺動板３０が配置されている。
【００２２】
一方、この中間材２６の直上の位置には、図１及び図２に示すように、車両の図示しない車体側に連結されて車体の荷重を支持する第２の取付部材である上面板３２が位置している。この上面板３２の中央には、気体を吸排気する為の円筒状の第２ポート金具３４が嵌合等により固定されており、この第２ポート金具３４の外周に、封止の為のＯリング３６が取り付けられている。
【００２３】
以上より、上記の第１ポート金具１４及び第２ポート金具３４に配管が繋がれて、このボルスタレス空気バネ１０の外部の空間とボルスタレス空気バネ１０内の空間Ｓとが、これらポート金具１４、３４により連通可能とされており、空気等の気体がこれらポート金具１４、３４により吸排できるようになっている。
そして、少なくともボルスタレス空気バネ１０内の空間Ｓと、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０の上又は下側に配置されて圧縮空気を溜める為の図示しない補助タンクとの間が、第１ポート金具１４を介して繋がっている。
【００２４】
他方、この上面板３２の下部側中央部には、円盤状に形成された連結金具３８が取り付けられており、ステンレス鋼製の第２摺動板４０がこの連結金具３８の下面側に配置されている。また、上面板３２の下部側外周部には、ポリエチレン製の摺動シート４４がゴム製の弾性材４２を介して固定されている。
【００２５】
これら上面板３２と中間材２６との間には、円筒状にゴム材で形成された弾性膜であるダイヤフラム４６が配設されており、このベローズの役割をするダイヤフラム４６の両端部には、それぞれ膨らんだ形状の補強部４６Ａ、４６Ｂがリング状に設けられている。
さらに、この内の下側の補強部４６Ａが中間材２６及び連結用リング２４側に固定されて、このダイヤフラム４６の下端側が封止されており、上側の補強部４６Ｂが、摺動シート４４と連結金具３８との間の上面板３２の部分に固定されて、このダイヤフラム４６の上端側が封止されている。つまり、ダイヤフラム４６内の空間となるボルスタレス空気バネ１０内の空間Ｓが上面板３２及び中間材２６等により封止されている。
【００２６】
一方、図１に示すように、この中間材２６の内周側には、積層ゴム１８の上下方向ばね定数より上下方向ばね定数が低い弾性ストッパ材５０が取り付けられている。この弾性ストッパ材５０は、一対の支持部材である内筒５２及び外筒５４と、これら内筒５２及び外筒５４にそれぞれ接着されるリング状のストッパゴム５６とで、形成されており、この弾性ストッパ材５０の外筒５４の上端部が、中間材２６にねじ止められて連結されている。従って、内筒５２が第１支持部材とされ、外筒５４が第２支持部材とされる。
【００２７】
以上より、内周側に貫通孔５８を有した構造の内筒５２の外周側に、筒状の外筒５４が配置され、これら内筒５２と外筒５４との間に、内筒５２の外周面と外筒５４の内周面とが相互に同軸状になるように、リング状に形成されたストッパゴム５６が配置される構造となっている。尚、この弾性ストッパ材５０のばね定数を実質的に決定するストッパゴム５６のばね定数は、５００Ｎ／ｍｍ〜２０００Ｎ／ｍｍ、好ましくは９００Ｎ／ｍｍとされている。
【００２８】
但し、図１及び図３に示すように、この内筒５２の上端部には、弾性ストッパ材５０の第１支持部材の一部を構成し且つ外周側に円盤状に広がるフランジ材５２Ａが、中間材２６よりも上面板３２側に突出した位置で固定されており、このフランジ材５２Ａの上面にテフロン製の第３摺動板６０が配置されている。従って、本実施の形態では、弾性ストッパ材５０を形成する第１支持部材にテフロン材が設置されていることになる。
【００２９】
尚、本実施の形態では、テフロン製の第３摺動板６０が設置されたフランジ材５２Ａに内筒５２が圧入されて、これらが相互に固定されることで、テフロン材をより容易に第１支持部材に設置できるようになった。そして、内筒５２とストッパゴム５６との間及び、外筒５４とストッパゴム５６との間の２箇所の接着部Ａ１、Ａ２間を繋ぐ直線Ｌが、積層ゴム１８の積み重ね方向Ｙと交差する方向に延びている。
【００３０】
次に、本実施の形態に係るボルスタレス空気バネ１０の作用を説明する。
振動発生部となる車輪側に連結される下面板１２と、振動受け部である車体側に連結される上面板３２との間に、中間材２６が配置されており、下面板１２と中間材２６との間に積層ゴム１８が配設されると共に、中間材２６と上面板３２との間に円筒状のダイヤフラム４６が配設されている。また、下面板１２及び上面板３２にそれぞれ取り付けられたポート金具１４、３４によって、ダイヤフラム４６内の空間となる空間Ｓに空気が吸排されつつ、これら下面板１２と上面板３２との間の相対変位に伴って、このダイヤフラム４６が弾性変形することになる。
【００３１】
従って、車輪側で振動が発生した場合、下面板１２及び積層ゴム１８を介して振動がダイヤフラム４６に伝達され、上面板３２と下面板１２の間の相対的な移動に伴うダイヤフラム４６の変形により振動が吸収されて、上面板３２に連結された車体に振動が伝達され難くなる。
【００３２】
さらに、これら下面板１２と上面板３２との間には、複数のゴム材を積み重ねて積層した構造とされる積層ゴム１８だけでなく、この積層ゴム１８の上下方向ばね定数より上下方向ばね定数が低い弾性ストッパ材５０が、配設されている。そして、この弾性ストッパ材５０は、内筒５２及び外筒５４と、リング状に形成されてこれら内筒５２及び外筒５４に接着されるストッパゴム５６とで、形成されており、内筒５２の外周面と外筒５４の内周面とが相互に同軸状になるように、このストッパゴム５６の内外周面が同軸状に形成されている。
【００３３】
従って、積層ゴム１８だけでなく弾性ストッパ材５０を有することにより、図４に示すように、ダイヤフラム４６がパンクして上面板３２が下降した時であっても、下面板１２が上下方向ばね定数の低い弾性ストッパ材５０のフランジ材５２Ａにまず当接し、この弾性ストッパ材５０が車体の荷重を支持するので、積層ゴム１８の硬さが従来例の積層ゴム１８と同様の硬さのままでも、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０全体として高いクッション性が得られる。
【００３４】
以上より、ゴム硬度の低いゴム材を積層ゴム１８に採用しなくとも良くなるので、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０が設置された車両の走行安定性を高めることができ、また、積層ゴム１８の劣化が早まらないので、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０の耐久性を維持することが可能となる。
【００３５】
一方、本実施の形態では、内外筒５２、５４とストッパゴム５６との間の２箇所の接着部Ａ１、Ａ２間を繋ぐ直線Ｌが、積層ゴム１８に車体の荷重が加わる方向である積層ゴム１８の積み重ね方向Ｙに対して交差する方向に延びているので、弾性ストッパ材５０がいわゆる剪断タイプのストッパとなる。つまり、剪断タイプのストッパであれば弾性ストッパ材５０が小型化できるので、弾性ストッパ材５０を有してしても、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０の小型化が図れることになる。
【００３６】
また、本実施の形態では、内筒５２の外周側に外筒５４が配置され、これら内筒５２と外筒５４との間に、内筒５２の外周面と外筒５４の内周面とが相互に同軸状になるように、リング状に形成されたストッパゴム５６が配置されているだけでなく、内周側に貫通孔５８を有した構造の内筒５２を用いている。尚、この貫通孔５８の直径は、２５ｍｍから３０ｍｍ程度の大きさとされる。
【００３７】
従って、リング状に形成されたストッパゴム５６を用いたことで、車両の前後左右のいずれの方向にも均等にクッション性を有することになる。また、弾性ストッパ材５０を中空構造にできるので、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０のダイヤフラム４６内の空間Ｓとボルスタレス空気バネ１０の下に位置する補助タンクとの間を第１ポート金具１４を介して繋ぐ際に、弾性ストッパ材５０内を気体が容易に連通可能となる。
【００３８】
他方、本実施の形態では、内筒５２のフランジ材５２Ａが中間材２６よりも上面板３２側に突出して配置される形で、外筒５４が中間材２６に連結されつつ、弾性ストッパ材５０が中間材２６に取り付けられている。
この為、中間材２６に取付けられる弾性ストッパ材５０の存在により、ダイヤフラム４６がパンクして内圧が０となっても、積層ゴム１８よりも先に弾性ストッパ材５０に上面板３２が接触するので、車両の荷重を確実にまずこの弾性ストッパ材５０によって支持できるようになる。
【００３９】
尚この際、連結金具３８に取り付けられたステンレス鋼製の第２摺動板４０が、フランジ材５２Ａに取り付けられるテフロン製の第３摺動板６０に当接するので、車両の前後左右方向に過大な変位入力が加わった場合でも、これらが滑って相対的変位可能となる。また、方向Ｙに沿って大きな力が加わった場合には、中間材２６上のテフロン製の第１摺動板３０にも、第２摺動板４０が当接して、積層ゴム１８でこの力を支持するようになる。よって、弾性ストッパ材５０が水平方向に力を直接受けることを防止できる。
【００４０】
次に、本実施の形態に係る変形例１及び変形例２を説明する。
図５に示す変形例１では、弾性ストッパ材５０を形成する内筒５２の貫通孔５８の内周側に、貫通孔５８内を通過する気体による減衰付与の為に固定的に形成された絞り部６２及び、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０の運搬時の吊り下げ用として用いられる雌ネジ６４を有する構造となっている。
【００４１】
従って、この内筒５２の貫通孔５８の内周側に、径を細くした絞り部６２を設置したことで、気体の流通に伴うオリフィス効果によって良好な減衰効果を付与することが可能となった。さらに、雌ネジ６４をこの絞り部６２に隣り合わせて設けることで、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０の吊り下げ用としてこの内筒５２を用いることもできるようになった。
【００４２】
一方、図６に示す変形例２では、下面板１２の中央に溶接等によって固定されたボス状の第１ポート金具１４の内周側に、上記と同様の絞り部６２及び上記と同様の雌ネジ６４を有する構造となっている。
つまり、積層ゴム１８の下部に配置された第１ポート金具１４に、ボルスタレス空気バネ１０の運搬時に吊り具をねじ止める為の雌ネジ６４だけでなく、絞り部６２を形成することにより、上記変形例１と同様の効果が生じるようになった。
【００４３】
次に、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る空気バネを図７に示し、この図に基づき本実施の形態を説明する。尚、第１の実施の形態で説明した部材と同一の部材には同一の符号を付して、重複した説明を省略する。
図７に示すように本実施の形態でも、中間材２６の内周側に、積層ゴム１８の上下方向ばね定数より上下方向ばね定数が低い弾性ストッパ材７０の上端側が取り付けられている。
【００４４】
但し、この弾性ストッパ材７０は、第１の実施の形態と異なった形状とされ、一対の支持部材である上端板７２及び下端板７４と、これら上端板７２及び下端板７４にそれぞれ接着される円筒形のストッパゴム７６とで、形成されている。そして、この弾性ストッパ材７０の上端板７２が、フランジ材７８にねじ止められて連結されていると共に、下端板７４が下面板１２上に固定されている。
【００４５】
つまり、弾性ストッパ材７０の存在により、本実施の形態も第１の実施の形態と同様に、車両の走行安定性を高めつつボルスタレス空気バネ１０の耐久性を維持することが可能となる。さらに、これらストッパゴム７６、フランジ材７８、上端板７２及び下端板７４は、それぞれ内部に貫通孔を有した構造となっているので、第１の実施の形態と同様に、この弾性ストッパ材７０内を通気可能ともなっている。
【００４６】
尚、上記実施の形態において、振動発生部側に下面板１２を連結し、振動受け部側に上面板３２を連結するような構成としたが、この逆の構成としても良い。また、上記実施の形態の説明において、振動を減衰して低減するようにしたが、振動の中でも突発的に存在する大きな振幅である衝撃を本発明は緩衝することもできる。
他方、上記実施の形態において、車両等の車体に入力される外部振動の防振を目的としたが、本発明は、例えば車両以外の他の建設機械、農業機械、建物、構造物等の防振にも用いられることはいうまでもなく、また、ボルスタレス空気バネ以外の空気バネにも適用可能である。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の空気バネは上記構成としたので、車両の走行安定性を高めつつ耐久性を維持できるという優れた効果を有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係るボルスタレス空気バネの断面図であって、図２の１−１矢視線断面図である。
【図２】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係るボルスタレス空気バネの平面図である。
【図３】図１の３−３矢視線断面図である。
【図４】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係るボルスタレス空気バネの図１と同様の断面図であって、ダイヤフラムがパンクした状態を示す図である。
【図５】第１の実施の形態の変形例１に係るボルスタレス空気バネの図１と同様の断面図である。
【図６】第１の実施の形態の変形例２に係るボルスタレス空気バネの図１と同様の断面図である。
【図７】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係るボルスタレス空気バネの図１と同様の断面図である。
【図８】従来技術のボルスタレス空気バネの断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ボルスタレス空気バネ
１２下面板（第１の取付部材）
１８積層ゴム
２６中間材
３２上面板（第２の取付部材）
４６ダイヤフラム
５０弾性ストッパ材
５２内筒
５４外筒
５６ストッパゴム[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air spring that can maintain durability while enhancing the running stability of a vehicle, and is suitable for, for example, a bolsterless air spring used in a bogie of a railway vehicle, particularly a bolsterless type bogie.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a kind of air spring, a diaphragm formed in a cylindrical shape with rubber or the like is placed on the upper part of the lower mounting member, and the upper mounting member is mounted on this to generate vibration There is known a bolsterless air spring that has a structure in which any one of these mounting members is connected to a part or a vibration receiving part and is used in a bogie of a railway vehicle.
And in this bolsterless air spring, the relative displacement along an axial direction arises between a pair of attachment members by the input of a vibration.
[0003]
For example, as an example of this type of bolsterless air spring, one shown in FIG. 8 is known, and the prior art will be described based on this figure.
As shown in this figure, the bolsterless air spring 110 connects the top plate 114 and the intermediate member 118 with a diaphragm 116 made of rubber or the like, and the diaphragm 116 is punctured so that the internal pressure of the diaphragm 116 is zero. The laminated rubber 120 for emergency running of the vehicle at this time is arranged between the intermediate member 118 and the lower surface plate 112.
[0004]
That is, the conventional bolsterless air spring 110 is provided with a laminated rubber 120 arranged in series with the diaphragm 116. The vertical spring constant of the laminated rubber 120 is the same as that of a heavy railway vehicle. From the supporting relationship, it was set to 8000 N / mm-14000 N / mm, usually about 10000 N / mm, and it was a hard spring.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional bolsterless air spring 110 has a disadvantage that the spring constant is very high when the internal pressure of the diaphragm 116 is 0, so that the cushioning property is poor when the internal pressure is 0, and vibration is directly transmitted to the vehicle body from the road surface side. .
On the other hand, it is possible to soften the spring by lowering the spring constant of the laminated rubber 120 by adopting a rubber material having a low rubber hardness. Since the change in the amount of bending in the front-rear and left-right directions becomes large, in the state where air is enclosed in the diaphragm 116, there is a possibility that it may be a factor that hinders running stability.
[0006]
Furthermore, when the laminated rubber 120 is softened by adopting a rubber material having a low rubber hardness, there is a possibility that the durability of the air spring is lowered due to premature deterioration of the rubber material forming the laminated rubber 120.
In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide an air spring that can maintain the durability while improving the running stability of the vehicle.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The air spring according to claim 1, a first attachment member connected to one of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion,
A second attachment member coupled to the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion;
An intermediate member disposed between a pair of mounting members;
A cylindrical diaphragm disposed between the intermediate member and the second mounting member and elastically deforming in accordance with the relative displacement of the pair of mounting members;
A laminated rubber disposed between the first mounting member and the intermediate material and having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked;
An elastic stopper material disposed between the pair of mounting members and having a lower vertical spring constant than the vertical spring constant of the laminated rubber;
The elastic stopper material is an air spring formed of a pair of support members and a stopper rubber bonded to the pair of support members,
One of the pair of support members, at least a part of which is a first support member having a structure projecting the second mounting member side from the intermediate material as well as have a through-hole on the inner peripheral side, and the other of the pair of support members The laminated rubber is a second support member disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first support member, and a stopper rubber formed in a ring shape is disposed between the pair of support members.
[0008]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 1 will be described below.
An intermediate member is disposed between the first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit and the second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit, and A cylindrical diaphragm is disposed between the intermediate member and the second mounting member, and the diaphragm is elastically deformed with the relative displacement of the pair of mounting members.
[0009]
Therefore, when the vibration generating unit generates vibration, the vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm through either the first mounting member or the second mounting member, and the first mounting member and the second mounting member are transmitted. The vibration is absorbed by the deformation of the diaphragm accompanying the relative movement between the first mounting member and the vibration receiving portion connected to the other of the first mounting member or the second mounting member.
[0010]
Further, a laminated rubber having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked and laminated is disposed between the first attachment member and the intermediate member, and a laminated rubber spring is disposed between the pair of attachment members. An elastic stopper material having a spring constant lower than the constant is provided.
For this reason, by having not only the laminated rubber but also the elastic stopper material, even when the diaphragm is punctured, the load can be supported by the elastic stopper material. Therefore, the hardness of the laminated rubber is the same as the laminated rubber of the conventional example. Even if it remains hard, a high cushioning property can be obtained as a whole air spring.
As described above, since it is not necessary to use a rubber material having a low rubber hardness for the laminated rubber, it is possible to improve the running stability of the vehicle in which the air spring is installed, and the deterioration of the laminated rubber is not accelerated. The durability of the spring can be maintained.
[0011]
On the other hand, in this aspect, the elastic stopper member is formed with a stopper rubber to be adhered to the pair of support members and the pair of support members, one of the pair of support members, which have a through-hole on the inner peripheral side And a second support member having a structure in which at least part of the intermediate member protrudes toward the second mounting member side, and the other of the pair of support members is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first support member in the laminated rubber. It is a support member. A stopper rubber formed in a ring shape is disposed between the pair of support members.
That is, in this claim, since the first support member having a through hole on the inner peripheral side is used, the elastic stopper material can be made into a hollow structure. For this reason, it became possible to easily communicate between the space in the diaphragm of the air spring and the auxiliary tank located under the air spring.
[0012]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 2 will be described below.
This claim has the same configuration as that of claim 1 and has the same function. However, in this claim, the first support member is an inner cylinder, and the second support member is an outer cylinder disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder are However, the stopper rubber is formed so as to be coaxial with each other.
That is, in this claim, for example, the cushioning property is evenly provided in any of the front, rear, left and right directions of the vehicle.
[0013]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 3 will be described below.
The present invention has the same configuration as that of the first and second aspects and exhibits the same action. However, in the claims has a configuration that the elastic stopper member is attached to the middle-material.
[0014]
In other words, in this claim, due to the presence of the elastic stopper material attached to the intermediate material, even if the diaphragm is punctured and the internal pressure becomes 0, the load of the vehicle can be supported not only by the laminated rubber but also by this elastic stopper material. The operation of claim 1 can be achieved reliably.
[0015]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 4 will be described below.
This claim has the same configuration as that of claim 3 and has the same function. However, in the present claims, it has a structure that the second mounting member being connected to the intermediate member.
In other words, in this aspect, the second attachment member of the pair of support members because it is connected to the intermediate member, also can be more reliably achieve the effect according to claim 1 by Re this.
[0016]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 5 will be described below.
The present invention has the same configuration as that of the first to fourth aspects and exhibits the same action. However, in this claim, the first support member forming the elastic stopper material is provided with a Teflon material.
That is, in this claim, when the Teflon (registered trademark) material is installed on the first support member , the diaphragm is punctured and the internal pressure becomes 0, and the elastic stopper material comes into contact with the second mounting member side. The Teflon material can be brought into contact with the second mounting member side. As a result, in this state of contact, when displacement input is applied in the front-rear and left-right directions of the vehicle, the elastic stopper material side and the second mounting member side are relatively moved by sliding with the Teflon material. Displaceable. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the elastic stopper material from receiving a force directly in the horizontal direction.
[0017]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 6 will be described below.
The present invention has the same configuration as that of the first to fifth aspects and exhibits the same action. However, in this claim, the first support member is formed not only by the inner cylinder but also by a flange material, and a Teflon material is installed on the flange material and the inner cylinder is press-fitted. It is the composition.
That is, in this claim, not only the same effect as in claim 5 but also a structure in which the inner cylinder is press-fitted into the flange material on which the Teflon material is installed, the Teflon material can be used as a support member more easily. It became possible to install.
[0018]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 7 will be described below.
The present invention has the same configuration as that of the first to sixth aspects and exhibits the same action. However, in this claim, the port fitting is fixed to one of the pair of mounting members, and the narrowed portion and the female screw are formed on the inner peripheral side of the port fitting or the inner peripheral side of the inner cylinder. It is configured to be provided.
In other words, according to the present invention, the air spring can be easily transported and attenuated as the gas flows by having the throttle part and the female screw on the inner peripheral side of the port metal fitting or the inner peripheral side of the inner cylinder. It became possible to give rise to.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An air spring according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and this embodiment will be described based on these drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a bolsterless air spring 10 that is an air spring according to the present embodiment is a lower surface plate 12 that is a first mounting member that is formed in a disk shape that is connected to a support metal fitting (not shown). It has. Further, this support metal fitting (not shown) is connected to the vehicle wheel and the like.
[0020]
A cylindrical first port fitting 14 for sucking and exhausting gas is fixed to the center of the bottom plate 12 by welding or the like, and an O-ring for sealing is provided on the outer periphery of the first port fitting 14. 16 is attached. A laminated rubber 18 formed in a cylindrical shape and having a vertical spring constant of 8000 N / mm to 14000 N / mm, usually about 10000 N / mm, is added to the upper surface of the lower plate 12 and the upper surface of the lower plate 12. Sulfur bonded and arranged.
[0021]
The laminated rubber 18 has a structure in which a plurality of ring plates 20 each formed of a metal in a ring shape and a plurality of elastic bodies 22 each formed of a rubber material in a ring shape are alternately stacked. Has been.
On the upper part of the laminated rubber 18, a connecting ring 24 formed of a metal in a ring shape is disposed by being vulcanized and bonded to the upper surface of the laminated rubber 18. The intermediate member 26 formed in a shape is fixed by screwing with a bolt 28. A first sliding plate 30 made of Teflon shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is disposed on the upper surface of the intermediate member 26.
[0022]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an upper surface plate 32, which is a second attachment member that supports the load of the vehicle body, is connected to the vehicle body (not shown) of the vehicle at a position immediately above the intermediate member 26. positioned. A cylindrical second port metal fitting 34 for sucking and exhausting gas is fixed to the center of the upper surface plate 32 by fitting or the like. The outer periphery of the second port metal fitting 34 is sealed with an O for sealing. A ring 36 is attached.
[0023]
As described above, piping is connected to the first port fitting 14 and the second port fitting 34, and the space outside the bolsterless air spring 10 and the space S in the bolsterless air spring 10 are connected to the port fittings 14, 34. Thus, communication such as air can be performed by these port fittings 14 and 34.
At least the space S in the bolsterless air spring 10 and an auxiliary tank (not shown) that is disposed above or below the bolsterless air spring 10 and stores compressed air are connected via the first port fitting 14. ing.
[0024]
On the other hand, a connection fitting 38 formed in a disc shape is attached to the lower side center portion of the upper surface plate 32, and a second sliding plate 40 made of stainless steel is disposed on the lower surface side of the connection fitting 38. ing. In addition, a polyethylene sliding sheet 44 is fixed to the lower outer peripheral portion of the upper surface plate 32 via a rubber elastic material 42.
[0025]
Between the upper surface plate 32 and the intermediate member 26, a diaphragm 46, which is an elastic film formed of a rubber material in a cylindrical shape, is disposed, and at both ends of the diaphragm 46 serving as the bellows, Reinforcing portions 46A and 46B each having a swollen shape are provided in a ring shape.
Further, the lower reinforcing portion 46A is fixed to the intermediate member 26 and the connecting ring 24 side, the lower end side of the diaphragm 46 is sealed, and the upper reinforcing portion 46B is connected to the sliding sheet 44. The upper end side of the diaphragm 46 is sealed by being fixed to the portion of the upper surface plate 32 between the connection fitting 38. That is, the space S in the bolsterless air spring 10 that becomes the space in the diaphragm 46 is sealed by the upper surface plate 32, the intermediate member 26, and the like.
[0026]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, an elastic stopper member 50 having a lower vertical spring constant than a vertical spring constant of the laminated rubber 18 is attached to the inner peripheral side of the intermediate member 26. The elastic stopper material 50 is formed by a pair of support members, an inner cylinder 52 and an outer cylinder 54, and ring-shaped stopper rubbers 56 respectively bonded to the inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 54. The upper end portion of the outer cylinder 54 of the elastic stopper material 50 is connected to the intermediate member 26 by screwing. Therefore, the inner cylinder 52 is a first support member, and the outer cylinder 54 is a second support member.
[0027]
As described above, the cylindrical outer cylinder 54 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 52 having the structure having the through hole 58 on the inner peripheral side, and the inner cylinder 52 is interposed between the inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 54. A stopper rubber 56 formed in a ring shape is arranged so that the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 54 are coaxial with each other. The spring constant of the stopper rubber 56 that substantially determines the spring constant of the elastic stopper member 50 is 500 N / mm to 2000 N / mm, preferably 900 N / mm.
[0028]
However, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a flange member 52 </ b> A that forms a part of the first support member of the elastic stopper member 50 and spreads in a disc shape on the outer peripheral side is formed at the upper end portion of the inner cylinder 52. It is fixed at a position protruding from the intermediate member 26 toward the upper surface plate 32, and a third sliding plate 60 made of Teflon is disposed on the upper surface of the flange member 52A. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the Teflon material is installed on the first support member that forms the elastic stopper material 50.
[0029]
In the present embodiment, the inner cylinder 52 is press-fitted into the flange material 52A on which the third sliding plate 60 made of Teflon is installed, and these are fixed to each other, so that the Teflon material can be more easily obtained. It can be installed on one support member. A straight line L connecting the two adhesive portions A1 and A2 between the inner cylinder 52 and the stopper rubber 56 and between the outer cylinder 54 and the stopper rubber 56 intersects the stacking direction Y of the laminated rubber 18. Extending in the direction.
[0030]
Next, the operation of the bolsterless air spring 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
An intermediate member 26 is disposed between the lower surface plate 12 connected to the wheel side serving as the vibration generating portion and the upper surface plate 32 connected to the vehicle body side serving as the vibration receiving portion. A laminated rubber 18 is disposed between the intermediate member 26 and a cylindrical diaphragm 46 between the intermediate member 26 and the upper surface plate 32. In addition, air is sucked into and discharged from the space S, which is a space in the diaphragm 46, by the port fittings 14 and 34 attached to the lower surface plate 12 and the upper surface plate 32, respectively. With the displacement, the diaphragm 46 is elastically deformed.
[0031]
Therefore, when vibration occurs on the wheel side, the vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm 46 via the lower surface plate 12 and the laminated rubber 18, and due to the deformation of the diaphragm 46 due to relative movement between the upper surface plate 32 and the lower surface plate 12. The vibration is absorbed and the vibration is hardly transmitted to the vehicle body connected to the upper surface plate 32.
[0032]
Further, between the lower surface plate 12 and the upper surface plate 32, not only the laminated rubber 18 having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked and laminated, but also the vertical spring constant of the laminated rubber 18 is higher than the vertical spring constant. A low elastic stopper material 50 is provided. The elastic stopper material 50 is formed by an inner cylinder 52 and an outer cylinder 54 and a stopper rubber 56 formed in a ring shape and bonded to the inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 54. The inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the stopper rubber 56 are coaxially formed so that the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 54 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 54 are coaxial with each other.
[0033]
Therefore, by having not only the laminated rubber 18 but also the elastic stopper material 50, as shown in FIG. 4, even when the diaphragm 46 is punctured and the upper surface plate 32 is lowered, the lower surface plate 12 has a vertical spring constant. Since the elastic stopper member 50 first contacts the flange member 52A of the low elastic stopper member 50 and supports the load of the vehicle body, even if the hardness of the laminated rubber 18 remains the same as that of the laminated rubber 18 of the conventional example. As a whole, the bolsterless air spring 10 has a high cushioning property.
[0034]
As described above, since it is not necessary to use a rubber material having a low rubber hardness for the laminated rubber 18, the running stability of the vehicle in which the bolsterless air spring 10 is installed can be improved, and the laminated rubber 18 can be quickly deteriorated. Therefore, the durability of the bolsterless air spring 10 can be maintained.
[0035]
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the laminated rubber in which the straight line L connecting the two adhesion portions A1 and A2 between the inner and outer cylinders 52 and 54 and the stopper rubber 56 is the direction in which the load of the vehicle body is applied to the laminated rubber 18. The elastic stopper member 50 is a so-called shear type stopper because it extends in a direction intersecting with the 18 stacking direction Y. That is, since the elastic stopper material 50 can be downsized if it is a shear type stopper, the bolsterless air spring 10 can be downsized even if the elastic stopper material 50 is provided.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, the outer cylinder 54 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 52, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 52 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 54 are between the inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 54. In addition to the stopper rubber 56 formed in a ring shape so that they are coaxial with each other, an inner cylinder 52 having a structure having a through hole 58 on the inner peripheral side is used. The diameter of the through hole 58 is about 25 to 30 mm.
[0037]
Therefore, by using the stopper rubber 56 formed in a ring shape, cushioning properties are evenly provided in any of the front, rear, left and right directions of the vehicle. Further, since the elastic stopper member 50 can have a hollow structure, when the space S in the diaphragm 46 of the bolsterless air spring 10 and the auxiliary tank positioned under the bolsterless air spring 10 are connected via the first port fitting 14. In addition, the gas can easily communicate with the inside of the elastic stopper member 50.
[0038]
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the flange member 52A of the inner cylinder 52 is disposed so as to protrude from the intermediate member 26 toward the upper plate 32, and the elastic stopper member 50 is connected to the intermediate member 26 while the outer cylinder 54 is connected. Is attached to the intermediate member 26.
For this reason, even if the diaphragm 46 is punctured due to the presence of the elastic stopper member 50 attached to the intermediate member 26 and the internal pressure becomes zero, the upper surface plate 32 comes into contact with the elastic stopper member 50 before the laminated rubber 18. The load of the vehicle can be surely supported by the elastic stopper material 50 first.
[0039]
At this time, the second sliding plate 40 made of stainless steel attached to the connection fitting 38 comes into contact with the third sliding plate 60 made of Teflon attached to the flange member 52A, so that it is excessively large in the front-rear and left-right directions of the vehicle. Even when a large displacement input is applied, these can slide and be relatively displaced. Further, when a large force is applied along the direction Y, the second sliding plate 40 also comes into contact with the first sliding plate 30 made of Teflon on the intermediate member 26, and this force is applied by the laminated rubber 18. Will come to support. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the elastic stopper member 50 from receiving a force directly in the horizontal direction.
[0040]
Next, Modification 1 and Modification 2 according to the present embodiment will be described.
In the first modification shown in FIG. 5, a diaphragm that is fixedly formed on the inner peripheral side of the through hole 58 of the inner cylinder 52 that forms the elastic stopper member 50 to provide attenuation by the gas passing through the through hole 58. The structure has a female screw 64 used for hanging the part 62 and the bolsterless air spring 10 during transportation.
[0041]
Therefore, by installing the narrowed throttle portion 62 on the inner peripheral side of the through hole 58 of the inner cylinder 52, it becomes possible to give a good damping effect by the orifice effect accompanying the gas flow. . Further, the inner cylinder 52 can be used for suspending the bolsterless air spring 10 by providing the female screw 64 adjacent to the throttle portion 62.
[0042]
On the other hand, in the modified example 2 shown in FIG. 6, a throttle part 62 similar to the above and a female similar to the above are formed on the inner peripheral side of the boss-shaped first port metal fitting 14 fixed to the center of the bottom plate 12 by welding or the like. The structure has a screw 64.
In other words, the first port fitting 14 disposed below the laminated rubber 18 is formed with not only the female screw 64 for screwing the suspension tool when the bolsterless air spring 10 is transported, but also the throttle portion 62, thereby forming the above deformation. The same effect as Example 1 came to arise.
[0043]
Next, an air spring according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 7, and the present embodiment will be described based on this drawing. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as the member demonstrated in 1st Embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, also in the present embodiment, the upper end side of the elastic stopper material 70 whose vertical spring constant is lower than the vertical spring constant of the laminated rubber 18 is attached to the inner peripheral side of the intermediate member 26.
[0044]
However, the elastic stopper material 70 has a shape different from that of the first embodiment, and is bonded to the upper end plate 72 and the lower end plate 74, which are a pair of support members, and the upper end plate 72 and the lower end plate 74, respectively. It is formed by a cylindrical stopper rubber 76. The upper end plate 72 of the elastic stopper member 70 is screwed to and connected to the flange member 78, and the lower end plate 74 is fixed on the lower surface plate 12.
[0045]
That is, due to the presence of the elastic stopper material 70, the present embodiment can maintain the durability of the bolsterless air spring 10 while improving the running stability of the vehicle, as in the first embodiment. Further, since the stopper rubber 76, the flange member 78, the upper end plate 72, and the lower end plate 74 each have a structure having a through-hole inside, the elastic stopper member 70 as in the first embodiment. The inside can also be ventilated.
[0046]
In the above-described embodiment, the lower surface plate 12 is connected to the vibration generating portion side and the upper surface plate 32 is connected to the vibration receiving portion side. Further, in the description of the above embodiment, the vibration is attenuated and reduced. However, the present invention can also buffer an impact having a large amplitude that suddenly exists in the vibration.
On the other hand, in the above embodiment, the purpose is to prevent external vibration input to the vehicle body such as a vehicle. However, the present invention is intended to prevent other construction machines, agricultural machines, buildings, structures, etc. other than vehicles. Needless to say, it can also be used for vibration, and can also be applied to air springs other than bolsterless air springs.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the air spring of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it has an excellent effect that durability can be maintained while improving running stability of the vehicle.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bolsterless air spring according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a bolsterless air spring according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of the bolsterless air spring according to the first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the diaphragm is punctured.
5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a bolsterless air spring according to Modification 1 of the first embodiment. FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a bolsterless air spring according to Modification 2 of the first embodiment. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a bolsterless air spring according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art bolsterless air spring.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Bolsterless air spring 12 Bottom plate (first mounting member)
18 Laminated Rubber 26 Intermediate Material 32 Top Plate (Second Mounting Member)
46 Diaphragm 50 Elastic stopper material 52 Inner cylinder 54 Outer cylinder 56 Stopper rubber

Claims

A first attachment member coupled to one of the vibration generator and the vibration receiver;
A second attachment member coupled to the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion;
An intermediate member disposed between a pair of mounting members;
A cylindrical diaphragm disposed between the intermediate member and the second mounting member and elastically deforming in accordance with the relative displacement of the pair of mounting members;
A laminated rubber disposed between the first mounting member and the intermediate material and having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked;
An elastic stopper material disposed between the pair of mounting members and having a lower vertical spring constant than the vertical spring constant of the laminated rubber;
The elastic stopper material is an air spring formed of a pair of support members and a stopper rubber bonded to the pair of support members,
One of the pair of support members, at least a part of which is a first support member having a structure projecting the second mounting member side from the intermediate material as well as have a through-hole on the inner peripheral side, and the other of the pair of support members An air spring comprising a laminated rubber and a second support member disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first support member, wherein a stopper rubber formed in a ring shape is disposed between the pair of support members.

The first support member is an inner cylinder, and the second support member is an outer cylinder disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder. The outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder are coaxial with each other. The air spring according to claim 1, wherein a stopper rubber is formed so as to become.

Air spring according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the elastic stopper member is attached to the middle-material.

Air spring according to claim 3, wherein the second mounting member being connected to the intermediate member.

The air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a Teflon (registered trademark) material is installed on a first support member that forms the elastic stopper material.

The first support member is formed of not only an inner cylinder but also a flange material, and the first support member is formed such that a Teflon material is installed on the flange material and the inner cylinder is press-fitted. The air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

A port fitting is fixed to one of a pair of mounting members, and a narrowed portion and a female screw are provided on the inner peripheral side of the port fitting or the inner peripheral side of the inner cylinder. The air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6.