JP2005036825A - Air spring - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air spring with increased running stability of a vehicle and durability. <P>SOLUTION: A laminated rubber 18 is arranged in an upper part of a lower face plate 12, and a diaphragm 46 formed by a rubber material is arranged between an intermediate member 26 fixed to an upper part of the laminated rubber 18 and an upper face plate 32. Parts corresponding to left and right directions of the vehicle of the upper face plate 32 are extended in the direction of lower side along the diaphragm 46 by opposing to the diaphragm 46, respectively, to form a pair of extension parts 32A. A slide sheet 44 for preventing wear of the diaphragm 46 is arranged in the part opposing to the diaphragm 46 of the upper face plate 32. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an air spring that can improve the running stability and durability of a vehicle, and is suitable for, for example, a bolsterless air spring used in a bogie of a railway vehicle, particularly a bolsterless type bogie.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a kind of air spring, a diaphragm formed in a cylindrical shape with rubber or the like is placed on the upper part of the lower mounting member, and the upper mounting member is mounted on this to generate vibration There is known a bolsterless air spring that has a structure in which any one of these mounting members is connected to a part or a vibration receiving part and is used in a bogie of a railway vehicle. In the bolsterless air spring, relative displacement is generated between the pair of mounting members by the input of vibration.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-336567 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, it has been known that the amplitude of vibration applied in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the vehicle is different, but the conventional bolsterless air spring has a structure that can sufficiently cope with this difference in amplitude. It was not. In other words, the rigidity in the left-right direction of the vehicle, which is a direction in which a particularly large amplitude is applied, is insufficient with the conventional bolsterless air spring, and vibrations in this direction cannot be sufficiently reduced, so that the running stability of the vehicle is low. It was.
[0005]
On the other hand, the conventional bolsterless air spring has a drawback that the durability of the bolsterless air spring is lowered as a result of the diaphragm being rubbed against the mounting member as vibration is applied.
In view of the above facts, the present invention has a first object to provide an air spring that can increase the lateral rigidity of the vehicle and improve the running stability of the vehicle. It is a second object to provide an air spring that can be enhanced.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The air spring according to claim 1, a first attachment member connected to one of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion,
A second attachment member coupled to the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion;
A cylindrical diaphragm disposed between the pair of mounting members and elastically deforming in accordance with the relative displacement of the pair of mounting members;
An air spring for a vehicle having
A portion of one of the pair of mounting members corresponding to the left-right direction of the vehicle is extended along the diaphragm so as to face the diaphragm, and an extension is formed on the one mounting member.
[0007]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 1 will be described below.
A cylindrical diaphragm is disposed between the first mounting member connected to one of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit and the second mounting member connected to the other of the vibration generating unit and the vibration receiving unit. Thus, the diaphragm is elastically deformed with the relative displacement of these members.
[0008]
Therefore, when the vibration generating unit generates vibration, the vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm through either the first mounting member or the second mounting member, and the first mounting member and the second mounting member are transmitted. The vibration is absorbed by the deformation of the diaphragm accompanying the relative movement between the first mounting member and the vibration receiving portion connected to the other of the first mounting member or the second mounting member.
[0009]
Further, the air spring according to the present invention is used for a vehicle used for a vehicle carriage, and a diaphragm of a mounting member of one of the pair of mounting members corresponding to the left-right direction of the vehicle is opposed to the diaphragm. An extension of the shape extending along the line is provided.
[0010]
For this reason, even when vibration is applied to the air spring along the left-right direction of the vehicle, which is a direction in which a particularly large amplitude is generated, sufficient rigidity can be obtained by the diaphragm coming into contact with the extension portion of the mounting member. It becomes like this. Along with this, the diaphragm is not deformed more than necessary, so that vibration can be reliably absorbed.
That is, according to the air spring of this claim, the running stability of the vehicle is enhanced by making the rigidity different between the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the vehicle so as to increase the rigidity of the vehicle in the left-right direction.
[0011]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 2 will be described below.
This claim has the same configuration as that of claim 1 and has the same function. However, in the present invention, a sliding sheet for preventing wear of the diaphragm is arranged at a portion of one of the pair of mounting members facing the diaphragm.
[0012]
In other words, in the present claim, since the sliding sheet is arranged at the portion of the mounting member facing the diaphragm, even if the diaphragm is deformed by vibration applied to the air spring, the diaphragm does not rub against the mounting member directly. It came to contact through a moving sheet. For this reason, according to this claim, the durability of the air spring is enhanced as a result of preventing the diaphragm from being worn by the sliding sheet.
[0013]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 3 will be described below.
The present invention has the same configuration as that of the second aspect and exhibits the same action. However, in this claim, the sliding sheet is arranged at the portion of the extension portion facing the diaphragm.
[0014]
In other words, in the present claims, the sliding sheet is disposed at a portion facing the diaphragm of the extension provided on the mounting member corresponding to the left and right direction of the vehicle, which is a direction in which a particularly large amplitude is generated. For this reason, the diaphragm portion corresponding to the left and right direction of the vehicle where the possibility of occurrence of wear is particularly large is not directly rubbed against the mounting member, so that the wear of the diaphragm is prevented by the sliding sheet as in the second aspect. As a result, the durability of the air spring has increased.
[0015]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 4 will be described below.
The present invention has the same configuration as that of the second aspect and exhibits the same action. However, in this claim, the thickness of the sliding sheet is set to 1.5 to 2.5 mm. In other words, in this claim, the thickness of the sliding sheet is within the range of 1.5 to 2.5 mm, which is considered to be a range that has a thickness that does not cause a problem in terms of the function of the air spring and that reliably prevents the abrasion of the diaphragm. The thickness is set.
[0016]
The operation of the air spring according to claim 5 will be described below.
This claim has the same configuration as that of claim 1 and has the same function. However, in the present invention, a laminated rubber having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked is arranged between a pair of attachment members.
[0017]
That is, in this claim, since the laminated rubber having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked and laminated is disposed between the pair of mounting members, even when the diaphragm is punctured, this laminated rubber Thus, the load of the vehicle is elastically supported, and a high cushioning property can be obtained as a whole air spring. As described above, according to the present invention, the running stability of the vehicle provided with the air spring can be further enhanced by the presence of the laminated rubber.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An air spring according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment will be described based on these drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a bolsterless air spring 10 that is an air spring according to the present embodiment is a first mounting member that is formed in a disk shape that is connected to a support metal fitting (not shown). A bottom plate 12 is provided. Further, this support metal fitting (not shown) is connected to the vehicle wheel and the like.
[0019]
A cylindrical first port metal fitting 14 is formed at the center of the lower surface plate 12 for sucking and exhausting gas, and an O-ring 16 for sealing is attached to the outer periphery of the first port metal fitting 14. It has been. A laminated rubber 18 formed in a cylindrical shape and having a vertical spring constant of 8000 N / mm to 14000 N / mm, usually about 10000 N / mm, is added to the upper surface of the lower plate 12 and the upper surface of the lower plate 12. Sulfur bonded and arranged.
[0020]
The laminated rubber 18 has a structure in which a plurality of ring plates 20 each formed of a metal in a ring shape and a plurality of elastic bodies 22 each formed of a rubber material in a ring shape are alternately stacked. Has been. On the upper part of the laminated rubber 18, a connecting ring 24 formed of a metal in a ring shape is disposed by being vulcanized and bonded to the upper surface of the laminated rubber 18. The intermediate member 26 formed in a shape is fixed by screwing with a bolt and a nut 28. A first sliding plate 30 made of Teflon (registered trademark) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is disposed on the upper surface of the intermediate member 26.
[0021]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an upper surface plate 32, which is a second mounting member connected to a vehicle body (not shown) of the vehicle and supporting the load of the vehicle body, is provided at a position immediately above the intermediate member 26. positioned. A tapered second port fitting 34 is formed at the center of the upper surface plate 32 to suck and exhaust gas, and an O-ring 36 for sealing is attached to the outer periphery of the second port fitting 34. It has been.
[0022]
Further, unlike the cross-sectional structure in which the bolsterless air spring 10 is cut along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. Extension portions 32A each projecting in the downward direction are formed.
[0023]
As described above, piping is connected to the first port fitting 14 and the second port fitting 34, and the space outside the bolsterless air spring 10 and the space S in the bolsterless air spring 10 are connected to the port fittings 14, 34. Thus, communication such as air can be performed by these port fittings 14 and 34. At least the space S in the bolsterless air spring 10 and an auxiliary tank (not shown) that is disposed above or below the bolsterless air spring 10 and stores compressed air are connected via a first port fitting 14. ing.
[0024]
On the other hand, the lower side central portion of the upper surface plate 32 protrudes downward, and a second sliding plate 40 made of stainless steel is disposed on the surface of the protruding portion. Further, an elastic material 42 made of rubber is attached to the lower outer peripheral portion of the upper surface plate 32, and a sliding surface made of polyethylene and having a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 mm is attached to the lower surface side of the elastic material 42. The sheet 44 is fixed.
[0025]
Between the upper surface plate 32 and the intermediate member 26, a diaphragm 46, which is an elastic film formed of a rubber material in a cylindrical shape, is disposed, and at both ends of the diaphragm 46 serving as the bellows, Reinforcing portions 46A and 46B each having a swollen shape are provided in a ring shape. Further, the lower reinforcing portion 46A is fixed to the intermediate member 26 and the connecting ring 24 side, the lower end side of the diaphragm 46 is sealed, and the upper reinforcing portion 46B is provided below the upper plate 32. The upper end side of this diaphragm 46 is sealed.
[0026]
That is, the space S in the bolsterless air spring 10 that becomes the space in the diaphragm 46 is sealed by the upper surface plate 32, the intermediate member 26, and the like, and as shown in FIGS. A sliding sheet 44 for preventing wear of the diaphragm 46 is disposed over the entire circumference of the portion facing the diaphragm 46 through the elastic material 42.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the pair of extension portions 32 </ b> A described above are extended downward along the diaphragm 46 while facing portions of the upper surface plate 32 corresponding to the left and right direction of the vehicle. However, the sliding sheets 44 are also arranged on the portions of the pair of extension portions 32 </ b> A facing the diaphragm 46 via the elastic material 42. At this time, the tip portions of the pair of extension portions 32A are located below the center C shown in FIG. 2 of the diaphragm 46 formed in an arc shape.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the bolsterless air spring 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.
The bolsterless air spring 10 according to the present embodiment is for a vehicle used for a bogie of a vehicle. Further, an intermediate member 26 is disposed between the lower surface plate 12 connected to the wheel side serving as the vibration generating portion and the upper surface plate 32 connected to the vehicle body side serving as the vibration receiving portion. A laminated rubber 18 is disposed between the intermediate member 26 and a cylindrical diaphragm 46 is disposed between the intermediate member 26 and the upper surface plate 32.
[0029]
In addition, air is sucked into and discharged from the space S, which is a space in the diaphragm 46, by the port fittings 14 and 34 attached to the lower surface plate 12 and the upper surface plate 32, respectively. With the displacement, the diaphragm 46 is elastically deformed.
[0030]
Therefore, when vibration occurs on the wheel side, the vibration is transmitted to the diaphragm 46 via the lower surface plate 12 and the laminated rubber 18, and due to the deformation of the diaphragm 46 due to relative movement between the upper surface plate 32 and the lower surface plate 12. The vibration is absorbed and the vibration is hardly transmitted to the vehicle body connected to the upper surface plate 32.
[0031]
Further, in the present embodiment, the portions of the upper surface plate 32 corresponding to the left and right direction of the vehicle are respectively provided with extension portions 32 </ b> A that extend downward along the diaphragm 46 while facing the diaphragm 46. ing. For this reason, even when vibration is applied to the bolsterless air spring 10 along the left-right direction of the vehicle, which is a direction in which a particularly large amplitude is generated, the diaphragm 46 contacts the extension portion 32A of the upper surface plate 32 via the sliding sheet 44. Thus, a sufficiently large rigidity can be obtained. As a result, the diaphragm 46 is not deformed more than necessary, so that vibration can be reliably absorbed.
[0032]
In other words, according to the bolsterless air spring 10 of the present embodiment, in the vehicle front-rear direction and the left-right direction, which are orthogonal to each other, the rigidity in the left-right direction of the vehicle, which is a direction in which a particularly large amplitude is generated, is increased. By making the rigidity different, the running stability of the vehicle increased.
[0033]
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, wear of the diaphragm 46 is prevented not only on the portion of the extension portion 32A formed on the upper surface plate 32 facing the diaphragm 46 but also on the entire portion of the upper surface plate 32 facing the diaphragm 46. A sliding sheet 44 for this purpose is arranged. That is, in the present embodiment, not only the sliding sheet 44 is disposed in the portion of the extension portion 32 </ b> A provided on the upper surface plate 32 that faces the diaphragm 46, but also the portion of the upper surface plate 32 that faces the diaphragm 46. The slide sheet 44 is disposed throughout.
[0034]
Therefore, even when vibration is applied to the bolsterless air spring 10 and the diaphragm 46 is deformed, a portion of the extension portion 32A facing the diaphragm 46 corresponding to the left and right direction of the vehicle, where a particularly large amplitude is generated and the possibility of wear is large. In addition, since the sliding sheet 44 is disposed on the entire portion of the upper surface plate 32 facing the diaphragm 46, the diaphragm 46 is brought into contact with the upper surface plate 32 via the sliding sheet 44 without rubbing directly. became. For this reason, according to the present embodiment, as a result of the abrasion of the diaphragm 46 being prevented by the sliding sheet 44, the durability of the bolsterless air spring 10 is enhanced.
[0035]
At this time, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the bolsterless air spring 10 has a thickness that does not cause a problem, and is slid within a range of 1.5 to 2.5 mm, which is considered to be a range in which the action of preventing the wear of the diaphragm 46 is surely exhibited. The thickness of the moving sheet 44 is set.
[0036]
Further, in the present embodiment, a laminated rubber 18 having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked and laminated is disposed between the lower surface plate 12 and the upper surface plate 32. That is, since the laminated rubber 18 having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked and laminated is disposed between the lower surface plate 12 and the upper surface plate 32, the diaphragm 46 is punctured and the upper surface plate 32 is lowered. Even when this is done, the second sliding plate 40 attached to the upper surface plate 32 comes into contact with the intermediate member 26 fixed to the top of the laminated rubber 18 via the first sliding plate 30. .
[0037]
Accordingly, the laminated rubber 18 elastically supports the load of the vehicle, and a high cushioning property is obtained as the bolsterless air spring 10 as a whole. As described above, the laminated rubber 18 can further improve the running stability of the vehicle in which the bolsterless air spring 10 is installed.
[0038]
Next, the results of performing a horizontal vibration wear test on the conventional example and the example will be described below. First, as a sample, a bolsterless air spring according to the related art having a structure without an extension portion and a sliding sheet was used as a conventional example, and a bolsterless air spring 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention was used as an example and tested.
[0039]
Further, as test conditions, as shown in FIG. 4, each sample is attached while being shifted in the left-right direction of the vehicle. At this time, the amount L of displacement of the upper surface plate 32 with respect to the lower surface plate 12 is set to 24 mm in the left direction, Furthermore, the mounting height H was set to 200 mm which is a standard height, the internal pressure of the diaphragm 46 was set to 490 KPa, and each sample was attached to the test apparatus.
[0040]
Then, in the above state, after the vibration in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle was set to ± 45 mm and the frequency was set to 1 Hz, the vibration state of the diaphragm 46 around the portion A in FIG. 4 was confirmed.
As a result of the above, the maximum wear depth of the conventional example is 0.1 mm on the left side and 0.3 mm on the right side, whereas the maximum wear depth of the example is 0.05 mm on the left side and the right side. However, it was 0.05 mm. In other words, in the embodiment, compared to the conventional example, a test result in which reduction of the wear of the diaphragm is recognized on both the left and right sides is obtained.
[0041]
In the above-described embodiment, the lower surface plate 12 is connected to the vibration generating portion side and the upper surface plate 32 is connected to the vibration receiving portion side. Further, in the description of the above embodiment, the vibration is attenuated and reduced. However, the present invention can also buffer an impact having a large amplitude that suddenly exists in the vibration.
[0042]
On the other hand, in the above embodiment, the purpose is to prevent external vibration input to the vehicle body such as a vehicle. However, the present invention is intended to prevent other construction machines, agricultural machines, buildings, structures, etc. other than vehicles. Needless to say, it can also be used for vibration, and can also be applied to air springs other than bolsterless air springs.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the air spring of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it not only has an excellent effect of improving the vehicle running stability by increasing the lateral rigidity of the vehicle, but also wears the diaphragm. It has an excellent effect that it is possible to prevent durability and increase durability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a bolsterless air spring according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the left-right direction of a vehicle.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the bolsterless air spring according to an embodiment of the present invention cut along the left-right direction of the vehicle, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bolsterless air spring according to the embodiment of the present invention cut along the vehicle front-rear direction.
4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the bolsterless air spring according to the embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the top plate is shifted leftward.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Bolsterless air spring 12 Bottom plate (first mounting member)
18 Laminated rubber 32 Top plate (second mounting member)
32A Extension part 44 Sliding sheet 46 Diaphragm

Claims (5)

A first attachment member coupled to one of the vibration generator and the vibration receiver;
A second attachment member coupled to the other of the vibration generating portion and the vibration receiving portion;
A cylindrical diaphragm disposed between the pair of mounting members and elastically deforming in accordance with the relative displacement of the pair of mounting members;
An air spring for a vehicle having
A portion of one of the pair of mounting members that corresponds to the left-right direction of the vehicle extends along the diaphragm while facing the diaphragm, and an extension is formed on the one mounting member. Spring. 2. The air spring according to claim 1, wherein a sliding sheet for preventing wear of the diaphragm is disposed at a portion of the mounting member facing the diaphragm of any one of the pair of mounting members. The air spring according to claim 2, wherein a sliding sheet is disposed in a portion of the extension portion facing the diaphragm. The air spring according to claim 2, wherein the sliding sheet has a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The air spring according to claim 1, wherein a laminated rubber having a structure in which a plurality of rubber materials are stacked is disposed between a pair of mounting members.

Images