JP4061739B2 - Excavation device for tunnel excavator and method of using the same - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an excavation device for a tunnel excavator used when excavating a curved tunnel in hard rock, and a method of using the excavation apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various types of tunnel excavators for excavating hard rock have been proposed.
[0003]
FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 show an example of a tunnel excavator for rock excavation called an open type, and a disk that is rotationally driven by a drive motor 2 is provided on the front side of the drive unit 1 of the tunnel excavator. A plurality of front roller cutters 4 made of super hard metal are rotatably provided on the front surface of the cutter head 3.
[0004]
A plurality of outer peripheral roller cutters 5 having the same configuration as that of the front roller cutter 4 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 3.
[0005]
As shown in FIG. 4, the drive unit 1 is provided with front gripper shoes 7 a, 7 b, and 7 c that protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 3 by the front jack 6 on the upper side and the lower left and right sides.
[0006]
A main beam 8 projects from the drive unit 1 and a slide block 9 is provided on the main beam 8 so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction, as shown in FIGS. .
[0007]
Rear gripper shoes 11 a and 11 b are provided on the left and right sides of the slide block 9 so as to protrude left and right by the rear jack 10 and protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 3.
[0008]
Further, the drive unit 1 and the slide block 9 are connected by an excavation jack 12.
[0009]
In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a belt conveyor for carrying out the excavated material (the bedrock that has been crushed into a lump shape).
[0010]
When excavating a tunnel with the open type tunnel excavator shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the rear jacker shoes 11a and 11b are projected outward by the rear jack 10 and pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel, and the slide block 9 is After being fixed to the tunnel, the excavation jack 12 is extended with the cutter head 3 being rotated by the drive motor 2.
[0011]
When the digging jack 12 is extended, the driving unit 1, the main beam 8, and the cutter head 3 move forward while applying a reaction force to the slide block 9, and the front roller cutter 4 provided on the rotating cutter head 3 and the outer periphery thereof. When the partial roller cutter 5 is pressed against the rock and rolls, the rock is crushed.
[0012]
The crushed powdery rock mass is carried out backward by the belt conveyor 13.
[0013]
After the excavation jack 12 has been excavated for a predetermined stroke, the front gripper shoes 7a, 7b, and 7c are projected outward by the front jack 6 and pressed against the newly excavated tunnel inner wall so that the drive unit 1 is tunneled. The rear jack 10 is reduced and the rear gripper shoes 11a and 11b are released from being fixed to the tunnel.
[0014]
Next, by reducing the digging jack 12, the slide block 9 is pulled toward the drive unit 1, and then the rear jacker shoes 11a and 11b are projected outward by the rear jack 10 again. The tunnel is excavated by repeating the above operation.
[0015]
FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example of a tunnel excavator for rock excavation called a shield type, and a disk that is rotationally driven by a drive motor 2 is provided on the front side of the drive unit 1 of the tunnel excavator. A plurality of front roller cutters 4 made of super hard metal are rotatably provided on the front surface of the cutter head 3.
[0016]
A plurality of outer peripheral roller cutters 5 having the same configuration as that of the front roller cutter 4 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 3.
[0017]
At the rear rear part of the cutter head 3, a front cylinder 14 which is a skin plate fixed to the drive unit 1 so as to surround the outer periphery of the drive unit 1 and a middle cylinder 15 fitted to the rear part of the front cylinder 14. And a rear cylinder 16 fitted to the rear portion of the middle cylinder 15. The front cylinder 14 and the middle cylinder 15 are connected by an excavating jack 17, and the middle cylinder 15 and the rear cylinder 16 are connected to each other. The space is connected by a bent jack 18 for directional control.
[0018]
In addition, in the figure, 13 is a belt conveyor which carries out excavated material (the bedrock which was crushed into the shape of a lump).
[0019]
Further, front gripper shoes 20a and 20b are provided outside the drive unit 1 (upper side and lower side in FIG. 6) by the front jack 19 and projecting to the outside of the front cylinder 14 through openings formed in the front cylinder 14. It has been.
[0020]
Further, a fixed block 21 is provided on the inner side of the rear cylinder 16, and the fixed block 21 protrudes to the outside of the rear cylinder 16 through an opening formed in the rear cylinder 16 by the rear jack 22. Rear gripper shoes 23a and 23b are provided.
[0021]
When excavating a tunnel with the tunnel excavator shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the rear jack 22 projects the rear gripper shoes 23a and 23b outwardly and presses them against the inner wall of the tunnel. After fixing 21 to the tunnel and fixing the expansion / contraction of the bent jack 18, the excavating jack 17 is extended with the cutter head 3 rotated by the drive motor 2.
[0022]
When the digging jack 17 is extended, the front cylinder 14, the drive unit 1, and the cutter head 3 move forward while applying a reaction force to the inner cylinder 15, and the front roller cutter 4 and the outer periphery provided on the rotating cutter head 3. When the partial roller cutter 5 is pressed against the rock and rolls, the rock is crushed.
[0023]
The crushed powdery rock mass is carried out backward by the belt conveyor 13.
[0024]
After the excavation jack 17 has been excavated for a predetermined stroke, the front gripper shoes 20a, 20b are projected outward by the front jack 19 and pressed against the newly excavated tunnel inner wall, thereby driving the drive unit 1 and the front trunk 14 Is fixed to the tunnel, and the rear jack 22 is reduced to release the fixing of the rear gripper shoes 23a and 23b to the tunnel.
[0025]
Next, by reducing the digging jack 17, the middle cylinder 15, the rear cylinder 16 and the fixed block 21 are drawn toward the drive unit 1, and then the rear gripper shoes 23 a and 23 b are projected outward by the rear jack 22 again. Then, the fixed block 21 is fixed to the tunnel, and the above-described operation is repeated to advance the tunnel excavation.
[0026]
According to the open-type tunnel excavator shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 or the shield-type tunnel excavator shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. Although a tunnel can be formed, depending on construction conditions, excavation of a bent tunnel, so-called curved excavation, may be required.
[0027]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described open type tunnel excavator, the amount of protrusion of the left and right rear gripper shoes 11a and 11b is changed, or in the shield type tunnel excavator, the protruding amount of the bent jack 18 is adjusted. Therefore, even if the drive unit 1 and the cutter head 3 or the cutter head 3 and the front cylinder 14 are to be turned, for example, as shown in FIG.
[0028]
For this reason, when performing curved excavation, it is necessary to perform extra excavation for excavating a turning space around the cutter head 3 and the like.
[0029]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a tunnel excavator surplus digging apparatus and a method of using the same capable of easily performing a necessary amount of surplus digging only when performing curved excavation. It is what.
[0030]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a surplus excavator for a tunnel excavator according to claim 1 of the present invention has an excavation radius substantially equal to the cutter head of the tunnel excavator and is disposed on the back side of the cutter head. An excavation cutter, an eccentric means capable of decentering the rotation center of the extra excavation cutter with respect to the rotation center of the cutter head, and an excavation cutter rotation means capable of rotating the extra excavation cutter. .
[0031]
In the excavation device for a tunnel excavator according to claim 2 of the present invention, an annular excavation cutter having an excavation radius substantially equal to the cutter head of the tunnel excavator and disposed on the back side of the cutter head, An outer shell shaft that surrounds a cutter head driving main shaft that extends coaxially from the rear surface of the cutter head to the rear side of the excavator in the circumferential direction and is connected to the extra excavation cutter; and the outer shaft is connected to the main shaft. And an excavating means for rotating the outer shell, and an excavating cutter rotating means for rotating the outer shell shaft.
[0032]
In the excavation device for a tunnel excavator according to claim 3 of the present invention, an annular excavation cutter having an excavation radius substantially equal to the cutter head of the tunnel excavator and disposed on the back side of the cutter head, An outer shell shaft that surrounds a cutter head driving main shaft extending coaxially from the back surface of the cutter head to the rear side of the excavator in the circumferential direction and is connected to the extra excavation cutter; A support cylinder that pivotally supports the outer shell shaft, eccentric means that can decenter the support cylinder with respect to the excavator body that follows the cutter head, and a surplus that can be attached to the support cylinder and rotate the outer shell shaft Digging cutter rotating means.
[0033]
In the method for using the excavator for a tunnel excavator according to claim 4 of the present invention, when the cutter head of the tunnel excavator reaches the place where curve excavation is to be performed, While the cutter is rotated at a higher speed than the cutter head, the cutter for excavation is biased toward the bedrock to be excavated by the eccentric means.
[0034]
In the surplus excavator of the tunnel excavator according to claim 1 of the present invention, the rotational force is transmitted from the surplus cutter cutter rotating means to the surplus cutter, and the center of rotation of the surplus cutter is offset by the eccentric head by the cutter head. The rock is positioned eccentrically with respect to the center of rotation, and the rock located on the side of the offset direction of the cutter for excavation is cut by the cutter for excavation.
[0035]
In the after-excavation device for a tunnel excavator according to claim 2 of the present invention, the rotational force is transmitted from the over-excavation cutter rotating means to the over-excavation cutter via the outer shell shaft, and the outer shaft is Eccentric with respect to the main shaft, and the bedrock located on the side of the overcutting cutter is cut with the overcutting cutter.
[0036]
In the after-excavation apparatus for a tunnel excavator according to claim 3 of the present invention, the rotational force is transmitted from the over-excavation cutter rotating means to the over-excavation cutter via the outer shell shaft, and the eccentric means via the support cylinder. Then, the outer shell shaft is eccentric with respect to the excavator body, and the rock located on the side of the side of the excavation cutter is cut by the excavation cutter.
[0037]
In the method for using the excavation device for a tunnel excavator according to claim 4 of the present invention, the excavation cutter rotating at a higher speed than the cutter head is biased to the rock mass side to be excavated by the eccentric means. To improve the cutting efficiency of the bedrock.
[0038]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0039]
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of an embodiment of a surplus excavator for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention. The surplus excavator of this tunnel excavator includes a trunk portion 24 that forms a skin plate, and the trunk A main shaft 25 rotatably supported by the portion 24, and a cutter that is formed integrally with the main shaft 25 and is located outside the front end of the body portion 24 and has a plurality of front roller cutters 4 and outer peripheral roller cutters 5. A head 26, an annular excavation cutter 27 arranged on the back side of the cutter head 26, a drive motor 32 for the cutter head 26, a support cylinder 38 that pivotally supports the excavation cutter 27, and a substantially horizontal A pair of left and right eccentric jacks 43a, 43b extending to the left side, and a drive motor 44 for the overcutting cutter 27 are provided.
[0040]
The main shaft 25 is coaxially disposed at a portion near the tip of the trunk portion 24.
[0041]
The rear end portion of the main shaft 25 penetrates the partition wall 28a near the front end of the body portion 24 and the partition wall 28b adjacent to the rear side of the excavator of the partition wall 28a, and is attached to the rear partition wall 28b. The box 29 is pivotally supported via a bearing 30.
[0042]
Further, a gear 31 is fitted and fixed to a portion near the rear end of the main shaft 25 so as to be positioned between the partition walls 28a and 28b.
[0043]
The drive motor 32 has a pinion 33 that meshes with the gear 31, and is attached to the partition wall 28 b on the rear side so that the cutter head 26 can be driven via the pinion 33 and the main shaft 25.
[0044]
A casing 34 surrounding the gear 31 and the pinion 33 is provided between the partition walls 28a and 28b so as to be in close contact with both the partition walls 28a and 28b.
[0045]
Further, a sleeve 42 is fixed to the front partition wall 28a so as to surround the intermediate portion in the front-rear direction of the main shaft 25 in the circumferential direction.
[0046]
The extra excavation cutter 27 pivotally supports a plurality of roller cutters 35 made of cemented carbide at an outer peripheral position where the excavation radius is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the cutter head 26.
[0047]
A cylindrical outer shell shaft 37 that extends coaxially with respect to the cutter 27 and extends to the rear side of the excavator is integrally provided on the back surface of the surplus cutter 27, and the rear end portion of the outer shell shaft 37 is provided. The gear 36 is fixedly fitted on the outside.
[0048]
The inner diameters of the extra excavation cutter 27 and the outer shell shaft 37 are set larger than the outer diameter of the main shaft 25.
[0049]
The support cylinder 38 includes an outer cylinder 40 that is fitted onto the outer shell shaft 37 via a bearing 39, and an inner cylinder 41 that is inscribed so as to allow sliding relative to the outer shell shaft 37. A clearance is set between the inner cylinder 41 and the sleeve 42 according to the amount of eccentricity (excess amount) of the excess excavation cutter 27 with respect to the body portion 24.
[0050]
An annular outer movable partition wall 46 is coaxially fixed to the front end portion of the outer cylinder 40, and the front surface of the outer movable partition wall 46 is an annular outer fixed partition wall 47 that is inscribed and fixed in the vicinity of the front end in the body portion 24. The seal member 48 attached to the rear surface is slidably contacted.
[0051]
An annular inner movable partition wall 49 is coaxially fixed to the front end portion of the inner cylinder 41, and an annular inner fixed partition wall 50 fixed to the front end portion of the sleeve 42 is the front surface of the inner movable partition wall 49. Is slidably in contact with the seal member 51 attached to the head.
[0052]
The eccentric jacks 43a and 43b are disposed in the body portion 24 so as to be positioned on the left and right sides of the support cylinder 38. The cylinder bases of the eccentric jacks 43a and 43b are connected to the inner surface of the body portion 24, and the rod tip Is connected to the outer surface of the outer cylinder 40.
[0053]
The drive motor 44 has a pinion 45 that meshes with the gear 36, and the excavator of the support cylinder 38 is configured to drive the overexcavation cutter 27 via the pinion 45 and the outer shell shaft 37. It is attached to the rear end.
[0054]
When the tunnel excavator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used to perform straight excavation of the tunnel, the amount of expansion and contraction of the eccentric jacks 43a and 43b of the extra excavation cutter 27 is adjusted so that the shaft core of the excavation cutter 27 is cut. The cutter head 26 is rotated in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the roller cutter 35 is the same as or slightly pulled from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 26 so as to coincide with the axis of the head 26.
[0055]
When the cutter head 26 of the tunnel excavator reaches the place where curve excavation is to be performed, the drive motor 44 of the excavation cutter 27 is operated to rotate the excavation cutter 27 at a higher speed than the cutter head 26. Further, the eccentric jack 43a (or the eccentric jack 43b) located on the side of the rock to be dug is reduced, and the eccentric jack 43b (or the eccentric jack 43a) on the opposite side is extended, so that the extra excavation cutter 27 is dug. Move in a direction that is biased toward the target rock.
[0056]
When the extra excavation cutter 27 is biased toward the extra excavation target rock, the roller cutter 35 pivotally supported on the outer periphery of the extra excavation cutter 27 is pressed against the excavation and rolls as the cutter head 26 rotates. As a result, the rock mass is crushed.
[0057]
As described above, in the surplus excavator of the tunnel excavator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotational force of the driving motor 44 is transmitted to the surplus excavator cutter 27 via the outer shell shaft 37, and the eccentric jacks 43a and 43b. Thus, the outer shell shaft 37 is eccentric with respect to the trunk portion 24 via the support cylinder 38, and the rock mass located on the side of the offset direction of the extra excavation cutter 27 is cut by the roller cutter 35. Therefore, only when performing curved excavation. In addition, it is possible to efficiently excavate a necessary amount.
[0058]
Further, by cutting the overexcavation cutter 27 at a higher speed than the cutter head 26, it is possible to improve the cutting efficiency of the rock mass to be overexcavated.
[0059]
It should be noted that the excavation apparatus for a tunnel excavator and the method of using the excavator of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. is there.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the after-excavation device for a tunnel excavator and the method of using the same according to the present invention, the following various excellent effects can be obtained.
[0061]
(1) In any of the excavation devices for tunnel excavators according to claims 1 to 3 of the present invention, the rotational force is transmitted from the excavation cutter rotating means to the excavation cutter, and the eccentric means is used to transmit the excessive force. The center of rotation of the excavation cutter is decentered with respect to the center of rotation of the cutter head, and the rock mass located on the side of the offset direction of the excavation cutter is cut by the excavation cutter. Excessive excavation can be performed efficiently, and therefore a tunnel having a small bending radius can be easily excavated in the rock.
[0062]
(2) In the method of using the excavation apparatus for a tunnel excavator according to claim 4 of the present invention, the excavation cutter is rotated at a higher speed than the cutter head, so that the cutting efficiency of the rock to be excavated is cut Can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a surplus excavator for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrows II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional open type tunnel excavator.
4 is a view taken along arrow IV-IV in FIG. 3;
5 is a VV arrow view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional shield type tunnel excavator.
7 is a schematic view showing a state where curved excavation is performed by the tunnel excavator of FIG. 6; FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
24 trunk (excavator trunk)
25 Main shaft 26 Cutter head 27 Excavation cutter 37 Outer shell shaft 38 Support cylinder 43a Eccentric jack (eccentric means)
43b Eccentric jack (Eccentric means)
44 Drive motor (cutter rotating means for surplus excavation)

Claims (4)

An excavation cutter having an excavation radius substantially equal to the cutter head of the tunnel excavator and disposed on the back side of the cutter head, and the rotation center of the excavation cutter can be decentered with respect to the rotation center of the cutter head A surplus excavator for a tunnel excavator comprising eccentric means and a surplus excavator cutter rotating means capable of rotating the surplus excavator cutter. An annular excavation cutter having a digging radius substantially equal to the cutter head of the tunnel excavator and disposed on the back side of the cutter head, and a cutter head drive extending coaxially from the back side of the cutter head to the rear side of the excavator An outer shell shaft that surrounds the main shaft for use in the circumferential direction and connected to the cutter for excavation, eccentric means that can eccentric the outer shell shaft with respect to the main shaft, and a surplus that can rotate the outer shell shaft An excavation device for a tunnel excavator, characterized in that the excavation cutter rotation means is provided. An annular excavation cutter having a digging radius substantially equal to the cutter head of the tunnel excavator and disposed on the back side of the cutter head, and a cutter head drive extending coaxially from the back side of the cutter head to the rear side of the excavator An outer shell shaft that surrounds the main shaft of the outer shell in the circumferential direction and connected to the cutter for excavation, a support tube that is fitted on the outer shell shaft and pivotally supports the outer shell shaft, and a cutter head of the support tube A tunnel excavator comprising: eccentric means capable of being eccentric with respect to a subsequent excavator body; and excavator cutter rotating means attached to the support cylinder and capable of rotating an outer shell shaft. Excavation equipment. When the cutter head location tunnel excavator to perform curve drilling reaches, while rotating at a higher speed than the cutter head cutter extra excavation by the cutter rotation means for extra drilling, by the eccentric means the excess excavation cutter 4. The method for using a surplus excavator for a tunnel excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surplus excursion is biased toward a rock mass to be surplus.

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