JP3821632B2 - Excavator for shield machine and parent-child shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a drilling device for a shield machine capable of expanding and excavating a tunnel having an arbitrary shape within a range from a standard small-diameter circular cross section to a maximum circular cross-section, and a small-diameter cross-section shield shield machine during the excavation of a large-diameter cross-section tunnel. It relates to a parent-child shield machine to be launched.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional shield machine, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-116913 discloses a first drum that supports a cutter driving shaft that drives a cutter head in an eccentric position, and the first drum that is rotatably supported in the eccentric position. The thing provided with the 2nd drum and the bulkhead which supports this 2nd drum rotatably is disclosed.
[0003]
Also, in the case of a parent-child shield machine that starts a shield machine with a small-diameter section during excavation of a tunnel with a large-diameter section, the excavation range greatly changes when the parent shield machine is excavated and when the child shield machine is excavated. Correspondingly, the shape of the cutter head is changed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the previous conventional example, the second drum is arranged to protrude forward from the bulkhead, and the first drum is arranged to protrude forward from the second drum, so that the entire excavator becomes large. In addition, when a large rock block is taken into the pressure chamber, it protrudes in a substantially crank shape into the pressure chamber at the front of the bulkhead, and between the first and second drums and between the bulkhead. There is a possibility that the device is damaged by being bitten between the skin plate and it becomes difficult to discharge earth and sand.
[0005]
Further, in the parent-child shield machine, there is a problem in that the structure of the cutter head becomes complicated because the outer periphery of the cutter head needs to be detachable or needs to be removed by fusing.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a shield machine for excavating a shield machine capable of providing a sufficient space for the pressure chamber on the back of the cutter head and a parent-child shield machine for simplifying the structure of the cutter head. And
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is an excavation apparatus for a shield machine equipped with a rotatable cutter head at the front part of the shield body, wherein the face collapse pressure is applied at the front part of the shield body. An outer swiveling drum rotatably supported around a shield axis on a supporting pressure bulkhead, and an inner swiveling drum rotatably disposed around an eccentric shaft center deviated by a predetermined amount from the shield shaft center in the outer swiveling drum And a cutter driving member disposed on the inner rotating drum so as to be rotatable around the shield axis and supporting the cutter head, and the front surfaces of the outer and inner rotating drums are flush with the front surface of the pressure bulkhead. A cutter driving device that rotationally drives the cutter head via a cutter driving member, an inner drum driving device that drives the inner rotating drum to rotate, and an outer drum drive that drives the outer rotating drum to rotate. A location provided, the rotation axis of said cutter driving member is obtained by movably configured in any position in the range 4 times the eccentricity of the inner turning drum.
[0008]
According to the above configuration, since the inner and outer revolving drums are arranged flush with the pressure bulkhead, there is no large protrusion in the pressure chamber as in the prior art, and a large rock mass is sandwiched and excavation is impossible. Can prevent accidents, and the excavator can be made compact. In addition, the amount of excess excavation can be increased without providing a sub-drilling cutter such as a copy cutter or a sub-cutter as in the past, and the cutter drive shaft can be moved to an arbitrary position by the cooperation of the outer and inner rotating drums. Any section can be excavated.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reaction force support device for supporting the excavation reaction force of the cutter driving device on the shield body in the above configuration.
According to the above configuration, since the cutter driving device that moves as the inner eccentric drum turns is supported by the shield body by the reaction force support device, the excavation reaction force can be effectively supported and the excavation force can be effectively excavated. can do.
[0010]
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is provided with a cutter head that is rotatable around the shield axis at the front part of the shield machine body, and the shield machine body is disposed so as to be separated and started in the parent shield body. This is a parent-child shield machine that can start the child shield machine in the axial direction of the shield while leaving the parent shield body in the middle of tunnel excavation. A pressure partition that supports the collapsed earth pressure is provided, and a cutter driving member that supports the cutter head on the pressure partition, an outer revolving drum that is rotatably supported by the pressure partition around the shield axis, and the outer revolving drum An inner rotating drum that is rotatably arranged around an eccentric axis that is deviated by a predetermined amount from the shield axis, and a cutter head that is rotatably arranged around the shield axis on the inner rotating drum A cutter driving member provided to support the cutter driving device, and a cutter driving device that rotationally drives the cutter head via the cutter driving member; an inner drum driving device that drives the inner turning drum to turn; and an outer drum drive that drives the outer turning drum to turn. A cross-sectional shape of the parent shield body and the child shield body, and an arbitrary shape formed within a diameter range obtained by adding four times the eccentric amount of the inner swiveling drum to the cutter head diameter from the cutter head diameter; It is what.
[0011]
According to the above configuration, by controlling the rotation angle between the outer turning drum and the inner turning drum, from the smallest circular section corresponding to the outer diameter of the cutter head, the eccentric amount is four times that of the inner turning drum. Because the tunnel of any cross section can be excavated by moving the cutter drive shaft to an arbitrary position within the range of the maximum diameter circular cross section with a diameter of It is possible to excavate tunnels with different diameters using the same cutter head. Therefore, the conventional attachment / detachment structure of the outer periphery of the cutter head and the fusing operation of the cutter head are unnecessary, and the tunnels for the parent shield machine and the child shield machine can be excavated with the cutter head having a simple structure.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a shield machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shield machine has a plurality of cutter bits 2a and a plurality of earth and sand intakes 2b which are rotatably disposed around the shield axis O at the front portion of the shield body 1. A tunnel is excavated by a head 2, and a pressure bulkhead 3 that forms a pressure chamber 4 that supports the face collapsed earth pressure is disposed at the front of the shield body 1. The outer revolving drum 5 is rotatably supported through a bearing and a seal member in a drum support hole 3a formed in the pressure partition 3 around the shield axis O. Further, the inner turning drum 6 is rotatable about the eccentric shaft center Oe through a bearing and a seal member in an eccentric hole 5a formed in the outer turning drum 5 with a predetermined eccentricity E shifted from the shield shaft center O. It is supported. A cutter drive shaft (cutter drive member) 7 for supporting the cutter head 2 is inserted into a shaft support hole 6a formed in the inner rotating drum 6 with a shaft center (parallel to the shield axis O) via a bearing and a seal member ( (Including the shield axis O). The front surfaces of the outer revolving drum 5 and the inner revolving drum 6 are formed to be substantially flush with the front surface of the pressure partition 3 so that the drums 5 and 6 do not protrude into the pressure chamber 4.
[0014]
An excavation device 10 for driving the cutter head 2 is disposed in the atmospheric chamber 8 at the rear of the pressure bulkhead 3, and the excavation device 10 rotates the cutter head 2 via the cutter drive shaft 7. A driving device 11, an inner drum driving device 12 that drives the inner turning drum 6 to turn, and an outer drum driving device 13 that drives the outer turning drum 5 to turn.
[0015]
The cutter driving device 11 includes a passive large gear 14 fixed to the rear end portion of the cutter driving shaft 7, a plurality of driving pinions 15 meshing with the passive large gear 14, and a cutter that rotationally drives the driving pinions 15. A rotary drive device (hydraulic motor, electric motor, etc.) 16 is configured. The cutter rotation drive device 16 is disposed in a gear box 17 that covers the passive large gear 14 and the drive pinion 15, and the gear box 17 is supported by the shield body 1 via a reaction force support device 18. The reaction force support device 18 is constituted by a pair of telescopic support tools (such as an electric or hydraulic jack or a hydraulic cylinder) 18a and 18b that are swingably connected between the gear box 17 and the shield body 1, for example. Further, it is possible to follow the movement of the cutter driving shaft 7 and to directly support the excavation reaction force by the cutter head 2 on the shield body. In addition, it can replace with these expansion-contraction drive apparatuses 18a and 18b, and can also be comprised by the cross-slider mechanism supported so that sliding is possible in the mutually orthogonal two directions.
[0016]
Further, the inner drum driving device 12 is provided on the turning worm wheel 21 integrally provided on the back surface of the inner turning drum 6 through the rear bearing, the worm gear 22 meshing with the turning worm wheel 21, and the outer turning drum 5. And an inner drum rotating device (hydraulic motor, electric motor, etc.) 23 for rotating the worm gear 22.
[0017]
Further, the outer drum driving device 13 includes a turning ring gear 25 integrally provided on the back surface of the outer turning drum 5 via a rear bearing, an outer drum driving pinion 26 meshing with the turning ring gear 25, and a support member for the pressure bulkhead 3. And an outer drum rotating device (hydraulic motor, electric motor, etc.) 27 that rotates and drives the outer drum driving pinion 26.
[0018]
Further, the pressure partition 3 is provided with a mud pipe 9A and a mud pipe 9B, which are mud type shield earthing devices. Instead of the sending and discharging mud pipes 9A and 9B, a soil discharging screw conveyor that discharges the earth and sand while holding the pressure by the earth and sand plug of the earth pressure type shield may be used.
[0019]
Further, at the rear part of the shield main body 1, the shield main body 1 is moved forward by using an erector apparatus 28 for assembling a segment piece, which is a lining body carried from the rear of the tunnel, and a segment 30 assembled by the erector apparatus 28 as a reaction force receiver. A propulsion jack 29 is disposed at a predetermined position. In addition, it may replace with the system which assembles a segment, and a lining body may be comprised by in-place concrete, and the propulsion apparatus in this case is comprised by the several gripper apparatus which can mutually approach and move apart.
[0020]
The operation of the cutter head 2 in the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the pressure bulkhead 3, the outer turning drum 5 and the cutter drive shaft 7 are rotatably arranged around the shield axis O, and the inner turning drum 6 is eccentric from the shield axis O by the eccentric amount E. It is supported rotatably about Oe.
[0021]
(1). As shown in FIG. 3, the outer turning drum 5 and the inner turning drum 6 are fixed, and the cutter head 2 is rotationally driven by the cutter driving device 11 via the cutter driving shaft 7, thereby having the same diameter as the cutter head 2. A tunnel Tmin having a minimum circular cross section of Dmin can be excavated. As indicated by a virtual line, the tunnel Tmin ′ having the smallest circular cross section can be set at an arbitrary position as long as the diameter Dmax is within a range described later.
[0022]
(2). As shown in FIG. 5, by rotating the inner turning drum 6 180 degrees by the inner drum driving device 12, the cutter driving shaft 7 is moved to a position Om away from the shield axis O by an eccentric amount E × 2, and the inner turning is performed. While the drum 6 is fixed, the cutter head 2 and the outer rotating drum 5 are rotationally driven by the cutter driving device 11 and the outer drum driving device 13, thereby excavating a tunnel Tmax having a maximum circular cross section with a diameter Dmax = Dmin + 4 × E. be able to.
[0023]
(3). As shown in FIG. 6, the cutter head 2 is driven to rotate by the cutter driving device 11, and the rotation angles of the inner rotating drum 6 and the outer rotating drum 5 are controlled by the inner drum driving device 12 and the outer drum driving device 13. By moving the cutter drive shaft 7 between Om and Om ′ for 4E along the horizontal axis xx, a tunnel Ta having an elliptical cross section with a major axis LD = Dmax and SD = Dmin in the range of Dmin to Dmax. Can be excavated. In addition, by moving the cutter drive shaft 7 along the vertical axis yy, a tunnel having a vertically long oval cross section can be excavated in the range of Dmin to Dmax. Of course, excavation of the tunnel Ta ′ having a short and long circular cross section is also possible by the movement of O⇔Om by 2E.
[0024]
(4). As shown in FIG. 7, the movement trajectory of 2E OｍOm on the horizontal axis xx of the cutter drive shaft 7 in (3) is moved vertically from the horizontal axis xx by the forward path trajectory and the double path trajectory. By displacing within a predetermined range, a tunnel Tb having a horizontally long short elliptical section with a major axis LD = Dmin + 2 × E and SD = Dmin can be excavated in a state inscribed in the tunnel having the smallest circular section on the shield axis O. it can. Of course, the tunnel Tb ′ having an elliptical cross section symmetrical to the shield axis O can be excavated. As shown in FIG. 8, when the horizontal axis xx is changed to the vertical axis yy, tunnels Tc and Tc ′ having a vertically long and short elliptical cross section can be excavated.
[0025]
(5). As shown in FIG. 9, the cutter head 2 is rotationally driven by the cutter driving device 11, and the movement trajectories Oa to Od of the cutter driving shaft 7 are set to Dmin to Dmax by the inner drum driving device 12 and the outer drum driving device 13. By driving on a square or rectangle illustrated in the range, a tunnel Td having a rounded rectangular cross section can be excavated.
[0026]
In addition to the above, excessive excavation is possible by reducing the amount of movement of the cutter drive shaft 7.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, when a vertically long elliptical tunnel Tc is excavated in the excavation range at the boundary portion between the gravel layer 31 and the clay layer 32 with an earth pressure type shield, the cutter head 2 moves the gravel layer 31. Rotates the cutter head 2 at a low speed to prevent the gravel layer 31 from collapsing, and when the cutter head 2 moves the clay layer 32, the cutter head 2 is driven at a high speed to fragment the earth and sand. It is possible to promote uptake by promoting the flow of water.
[0027]
As described above, in the excavator, a tunnel having an arbitrary cross-sectional shape can be excavated within the range of Dmin to Dmax. Of course, the cross section of the shield body 1 is manufactured in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel to be excavated, and in the case of widening excavation other than the excavation excavation, a well-known fuselage structure capable of widening the shield body 1 corresponding to the tunnel cross section. Is adopted.
[0028]
According to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to perform excavation and widening excavation with only one cutter head 2 without additional equipment for excavation such as a copy cutter. Or tunnels with elliptical and rounded rectangular cross sections can be excavated.
[0029]
Further, by arranging the outer revolving drum 5 and the inner revolving drum 6 flush with the front surface of the pressure bulkhead 3, the excavator 10 can be made compact, and a member that protrudes into the pressure chamber 4 as in the prior art is provided. Since there is no such thing, it will not be difficult to remove the soil where the excavated rock mass is bitten.
[0030]
Furthermore, since the reaction force support device 18 directly supports the excavation reaction force of the cutter driving device 11 on the shield body 1 via the gear box 17, a large excavation force can be obtained and the cutter head 2 can be effectively rotated. it can.
[0031]
Furthermore, since the rotational speed of the cutter head 2 can be changed in accordance with the soil quality within a predetermined range of swivel movement during tunnel excavation with a particularly large diameter cross section, a good excavation state can be continued.
[0032]
Next, an embodiment of a parent-child shield machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, this parent-child shield machine has a cutter head 2 that is rotatable around the shield axis O at the front of the shield machine body 41, and the shield machine body 41 is connected to the parent shield body 42. And a child shield body 43 disposed in the parent shield body 42 so as to be separated and started. The child shield consisting of the cutter head 2 and the child shield body 43 is left while the tunnel shield is being excavated. The machine can be started in the direction of the shield axis, and the child shield machine has the same structure as the previous shield machine.
[0033]
The child shield main body 43 when the parent shield main body 41 is excavated is a state in which the front plate 45 and the tail plate 46 shown in FIG. 12 are removed, and the erector device 47 and the propulsion jack 29 are provided on the parent shield main body 42 side. Then, the cutter head 2 is moved along the outer peripheral shape of the parent shield main body 42, for example, a circular shape, and a tunnel having a large-diameter circular section is excavated.
[0034]
Then, when the child shield main body 43 moving from the large diameter tunnel to the small diameter tunnel starts, the sand in the pressure chamber is removed and the front plate 45 is attached, and the child shield main body 43 is separated from the main shield main body 42. The propulsion jack 29 is moved from the parent shield main body 42 to the child shield main body 43, and the small-diameter erector device 28 is mounted. Then, the pressure ring 50 is assembled at the front end portion of the large-diameter segment 49 to form a reaction force receiver of the propulsion jack 29 of the child shield main body 41, the cutter head 2 is driven to rotate, and the propulsion jack 29 rotates the child shield main body 41. Is advanced by a predetermined distance, the tail plate 46 is attached, the small-diameter segment 30 is assembled between the pressure ring 50 and the propulsion jack 29, and the child shield body 43 is started from the parent shield body 42.
[0035]
In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the tunnel t1 having the smallest circular cross section is excavated when the child shield main body 43 is excavated, and the large-diameter circular tunnel T1 is excavated when the main shield main body 42 is excavated. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, even when the parent shield main body 42 is dug, an elliptical-shaped tunnel T2, an elliptical-shaped tunnel T3, T4, or a rectangular-shaped tunnel T5 that covers the tunnel t1 having the smallest circular section is formed. Good. Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the parent shield body 42 is also the same shape corresponding to the tunnel. Further, as shown in FIG. 18, a tunnel t5 having a rectangular cross section can be excavated when the child shield main body 43 is excavated, and although not shown, an elliptical or oval cross section tunnel can be formed. In the range of the tunnel Tmin and the tunnel Tmax having the maximum circular cross section, tunnels of any shape can be formed and combined.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, the cutter head 2 is supported by the cutter drive shaft 7, but the cutter head 2 is supported by a drive drum rotatably supported by the inner turning drum 6 via a plurality of support legs. You can also
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the inner rotating drum and the outer rotating drum are arranged flush with the pressure partition wall, there is no large protrusion in the pressure chamber as in the prior art, and a large rock It is possible to prevent an accident in which excavation is impossible due to a lump or the like being sandwiched, and the excavator can be configured compactly. In addition, the amount of excess excavation can be increased without providing a sub-drilling cutter such as a copy cutter or a sub-cutter as in the past, and the cutter drive shaft can be moved to an arbitrary position by the cooperation of the outer and inner rotating drums. Any section can be excavated.
[0038]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the cutter driving device that moves as the inner eccentric drum turns is supported by the shield body by the reaction force support device, the excavation reaction force can be effectively supported and the excavation force can be increased. Can be drilled effectively.
[0039]
Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3, by controlling the rotation angle between the outer turning drum and the inner turning drum, the outer diameter of the inner turning drum is increased from the smallest circular section corresponding to the outer diameter of the cutter head. Since the tunnel with an arbitrary cross section can be excavated by moving the cutter drive shaft to an arbitrary position within the range of the maximum diameter circular cross section whose diameter is four times the amount of eccentricity, The same cutter head can be used for excavating tunnels with different diameters when the shield machine is being excavated. Therefore, the conventional attachment / detachment structure of the outer periphery of the cutter head and the fusing work of the cutter head are unnecessary, and the tunnels for the parent shield machine and the child shield machine can be excavated with the cutter head having a simple structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of a shield machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view for explaining an excavation device of the shield machine.
FIG. 3 is a front view for explaining the movement of the cutter head of the shield machine.
FIG. 4 is a rear view showing a reaction force support device of the shield machine.
FIG. 5 is a front view for explaining a state of excavation by the excavator of the shield machine.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an excavation state of a tunnel having an oval cross section by the excavation apparatus of the shield machine.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing an excavation state of a tunnel having a short oval cross section by the excavation device of the shield machine.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a state of excavation of a tunnel having a vertically long elliptical cross section by the excavation device of the shield machine.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing an excavation state of a tunnel having a rectangular cross section by the excavator of the shield machine.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing an excavation state of a tunnel having a rectangular cross section by the excavation apparatus of the shield machine.
FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a parent-child shield machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a side sectional view showing a start state of the child shield machine of the parent-child shield machine.
FIG. 13 is a front view showing an excavation state of the parent-child shield machine.
FIG. 14 is a front view showing an excavation state of a minimum circular cross section and a large-diameter elliptical cross section by the excavation apparatus of the parent-child shield machine.
FIG. 15 is a front view showing an excavation state of a minimum circular section and a large-diameter short and long circular section by the excavation apparatus of the parent-child shield machine.
FIG. 16 is a front view showing an excavation state of a minimum circular section and a large-diameter oblong section by the excavation apparatus of the parent-child shield machine.
FIG. 17 is a front view showing a state of excavation of a minimum circular section and a large-diameter rectangular section by the excavation apparatus of the parent-child shield machine.
FIG. 18 is a front view showing a state where a small-diameter rectangular section and a large-diameter rectangular section are excavated by the excavator of the parent-child shield machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
O Shield axis Oe Eccentric axis Tmin Minimum circular section tunnel Tmax Maximum circular section tunnel 1 Shield body 2 Cutter head 3 Pressure bulkhead 4 Pressure chamber 5 Outer rotating drum 6 Inner rotating drum 7 Cutter drive shaft 8 Atmosphere chamber 10 Excavator 11 Cutter Drive device 12 Inner drum drive device 13 Outer drum drive device 17 Gear box 18 Reaction force support devices 18a, 18b Telescopic support device 29 Propulsion jack 41 Shield machine main body 42 Parent shield main body 43 Child shield main body

Claims (3)

A shield machine excavator having a rotatable cutter head at the front of the shield body,
An outer rotating drum supported rotatably around the shield axis on a pressure bulkhead supporting the face collapse earth pressure at the front of the shield body, and an eccentric shaft center deviated by a predetermined amount from the shield axis in the outer rotating drum An inner swiveling drum rotatably disposed around the inner swiveling drum, and a cutter driving member disposed on the inner swirling drum so as to be rotatable about the shield axis and supporting the cutter head;
The front surfaces of the outer and inner revolving drums are arranged flush with the front surface of the pressure bulkhead,
A cutter driving device that rotationally drives the cutter head via a cutter driving member, an inner drum driving device that drives the inner rotating drum to rotate, and an outer drum driving device that drives the outer rotating drum to rotate,
An excavation device for a shield machine, wherein the rotational axis of the cutter driving member is configured to be movable to an arbitrary position within a range four times the eccentric amount of the inner turning drum. The excavation device for a shield machine according to claim 1, further comprising a reaction force support device for supporting the excavation reaction force of the cutter driving device on the shield body. A cutter head that can rotate around the shield axis is provided at the front of the shield machine body, and the shield machine body is composed of a parent shield body and a child shield body that can be separated and started in the parent shield body. , A parent-child shield machine capable of starting the child shield machine in the axial direction of the shield while leaving the parent shield body during tunnel excavation,
A pressure bulkhead is provided at the front of the child shield body to support the face collapse earth pressure.
A cutter driving member that supports the cutter head on the pressure bulkhead, an outer swing drum that is rotatably supported around the shield axis by the pressure bulkhead, and an eccentric shaft center that is deviated by a predetermined amount from the shield axis in the outer swing drum An inner swiveling drum rotatably disposed around the inner swiveling drum, and a cutter driving member disposed on the inner swirling drum so as to be rotatable about the shield axis and supporting the cutter head;
A cutter driving device that rotationally drives the cutter head via a cutter driving member, an inner drum driving device that drives the inner rotating drum to rotate, and an outer drum driving device that drives the outer rotating drum to rotate,
The cross-sectional shape of the parent shield body and the child shield body is an arbitrary shape formed within a range of the diameter of the cutter head to the diameter of the cutter head plus four times the eccentric amount of the inner turning drum. Parent-child shield machine.

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