JP3559089B2 - Magnifying shield drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an enlarged shield excavator, and more particularly to an apparatus for newly forming a large-diameter pipe in the ground while crushing an existing pipe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when crushing an existing pipe and forming a new large-diameter pipe in the ground, first, the existing pipe is crushed by some method, and then a large-diameter pipe is formed again.
[0003]
In recent years, various devices capable of simultaneously performing this operation have been developed, for example, one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-288175.
As shown in FIG. 8, the tubular body 1 rotates in the ground while rotating, and the formed inner wall of the tunnel is reinforced by the segments 2. The existing pipe 10 to be crushed is located at the center of the inside of the main body 1, and the existing pipe 10 is crushed by crushing bits 50 and 51 provided so as to sandwich the existing pipe 10 from inside and outside. ing. The crushed waste is transported backward by a conveyor (not shown). The crushing bits 50 and 51 are driven by a motor 52, and the main body 1 is driven by a motor 53.
[0004]
As described above, there is an advantage that the crushing of the existing pipe and the construction of the new pipe can be performed simultaneously.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned conventional one, firstly, two sets of crushing bits are fixed inside and outside, so that it is possible to correspond to a pipe other than an existing pipe having a predetermined specific diameter and thickness. It is difficult and has a low degree of freedom. Also, it is difficult to cope with the case where the existing pipe is greatly curved.
[0006]
Secondly, a problem can be pointed out that the structure around the crushing bit becomes complicated, and when the existing pipe is meandering, the followability and the sealing performance of the device are likely to be insufficient.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is capable of widely responding to the size and bending of a pipe to be crushed, has a simple structure, can be configured at low cost, and can follow a meandering existing pipe. It is a technical object to provide an enlarged shield excavator with improved performance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention has the following configuration in an enlarged shield excavator that rotates an excavating cutter 11 and crushes an existing pipe 10 while traveling underground.
[0008]
That is, the rotating body 13 is provided on the face, the excavating cutter 11 is provided on the outer peripheral part of the rotating body 13, and the jack 3 is attached on the inner peripheral side of the rotating body 13. A crushing bit 4 is provided at an end of the jack 3, and the crushing bit 4 is positioned in an existing pipe 10 to be crushed so that the jack 3 is expanded and rotated. The configuration is defined as technical means (corresponding to claim 1).
[0009]
Here, the main body 1 has, for example, an excavating cutter 11 on an outer peripheral portion of a face face, and can be configured to rotate outside the existing pipe 10.
The jack 3 is preferably a hydraulic jack. The motor 5 is held on the segment 2 side of the apparatus, and rotates the excavating cutter 11 and the jack 3 integrally.
[0010]
The digging cutter 11 is arranged ahead of the crushing bit 4, and is located between the digging cutter 11 and the crushing bit 4, in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe 10, and A seal portion 21 for filling the clearance with the existing pipe 10 may be provided, and the seal portion 21 may be configured to be constantly pressed against the existing pipe 10 (corresponding to claim 2).
[0011]
Further, the excavating cutter 11 is arranged ahead of the crushing bit 4, and is disposed between the excavating cutter 11 and the crushing bit 4, in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe 10, and A seal portion 21 for filling a clearance with the existing pipe 10 is provided. The seal portion 21 is always pressed against the existing pipe 10 and a cutter 19 for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe 10 prior to the seal portion 21 is provided. Can be provided. The cutter 19 is for slightly cutting the outer surface of the existing pipe 10 to smooth it, and is preferably provided inside the excavating cutter 11 so as to be able to protrude and retract (corresponding to claim 3).
[0012]
Further, seals 26, 27, 28 are provided inside the excavating cutter 11 to fill the clearance with the existing pipe 10, and these seals are always provided by springs (coil springs) 29, 30, 31, or hydraulic pressure or the like. It is preferable to make pressure contact. Here, a leaf spring or an air spring other than a coil spring can be used as the spring. A structure in which grease is pressure-fed around the seals 26, 27, and 28 to further enhance the hermeticity can be provided.
[0013]
On the other hand, in order to cope with an existing pipe that is sharply curved, it is possible to adopt a center-bent structure generally used in a shield device.
[0014]
[Action]
The outer circumference of the existing pipe is excavated by starting the motor 5 and rotating the excavating cutter. The inner wall of the tunnel formed at this time is reinforced by the segment 2, and the main body 1 moves forward by a reaction force pressing the segment 2 with the jack for propulsion.
[0015]
At this time, the existing pipe is located at the center of the cylindrical main body 1, but the jack 3 is expanded at a position where the main body 1 has advanced to a certain extent, preferably at a position where the length of the crushing bit 4 has advanced. Then, the crushing bit 4 provided at the end of the jack 3 comes into contact with the inner surface of the existing pipe. Here, the motor 5 is started again, the jack 3 is rotated, and the existing pipe is cut by the crushing bit 4 to be crushed. The pressing force of the crushing bit 4 is adjusted by the hardness of the existing pipe. However, when the hardness of the existing pipe is high, the advance position of the main body 1 is shortened, and the length of the crushing bit 4 cut at a time is shortened.
[0016]
At this time, when a smoothing cutter for slightly cutting the outer surface of the existing pipe is provided on the inner surface of the main body 1, the surface of the existing pipe is smoothed and the airtightness is improved.
In addition, when the seals 26, 27, and 28 are provided and the seals are constantly pressed against the existing pipe, the hermeticity of the inside of the excavator is improved, and muddy water or the like does not flow into the existing pipe.
[0017]
【Example】
First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The main body 1 is a cylindrical body having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the new pipe (segment 2), and an excavating cutter 11 is provided on the outer periphery on the face side. Four sets of the excavating cutters 11 are provided on the annular plate 12 with a positional difference of 90 degrees.
[0018]
The inside of the excavating cutter 11 is open so that an existing pipe 10 to be crushed is inserted.
A disk-shaped rotating body 13 is provided in the middle of the main body 1, and a shaft 14 is formed at the center of the rotating body 13. The shaft 14 is connected between the rotating body 13 and the main body 1 by a motor 5. Is rotatably supported by a bearing 22 provided in the vicinity of the shaft.
[0019]
Two hydraulic jacks 3 are fixed to the face of the partition wall 13 in opposite directions. Each of the jacks 3 is provided with a crushing bit bed 4a at the tip thereof, and the heads 4a are installed in directions different from each other by 180 °. Each of the crushing bit beds 4a is provided with three sets of crushing bits 4. The crushing bit 4 is formed in the shape of an abacus ball. The foremost one of the crushing bit beds 4a has an angle of about 30 degrees. By providing this angle, the casing of the crushing bit 4 does not come into contact with the surface of the existing pipe and cannot be cut, and the existing pipe 10 thicker than the crushing bit 4 can be crushed. Similarly, the rearmost crushing bit 4 in the other crushing bit bed 4a is also formed at an angle of about 30 degrees. The jack 3 and the crushing bit 4 rotate integrally.
[0020]
In FIG. 2, two sets of the crushing bits 4 are provided to face each other, but four sets of crushing bits may be provided in a cross shape.
A gear 36 is attached to the outer periphery of the inner surface of the rotating body 13, and the motor 5 meshes with the gear 36. The motor 5 is joined to the forward jack 16. The tip of the propulsion jack 16 is in close contact with the segment 2 and is firmly fixed.
[0021]
With the above configuration, when the motor 5 starts, the crushing bit 4 rotates via the rotating body 13. The amount of protrusion of the crushing bit 4 can be arbitrarily set according to the amount of operation of the jack 3. Further, the motor 5 can also rotate the excavating cutter 11 provided outside thereof via the rotating body 13.
[0022]
A conveyor 17a communicating with the cutting cutter 11 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the main body 1 behind the cutting cutter 11, and is configured to carry out the earth and sand excavated by the excavating cutter 11. A seal 40 is provided between the conveyor 17a and the main body 1 to prevent earth and sand from entering the main body 1.
[0023]
A smoothing cutter 18 for slightly cutting the outer surface of the existing pipe 10 is provided inside the distal end portion of the main body 1 so as to be able to protrude and retract. The smoothing cutter 18 is provided at an end of a cutter bed 19 at an angle of about 60 degrees, and the cutter bed 19 is fixed to the main body 1 via a hydraulic cylinder 20. Thus, the amount of protrusion of the smoothing cutter 18 can be adjusted by adjusting the oil pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 20. As shown in FIG. 7, the smoothing cutter 18 is controlled so as to always contact the outer surface of the existing pipe 10, so that the outer surface of the existing pipe 10 is slightly cut to smooth the surface. Has become. As a result, a seal portion 21 described later sufficiently functions.
[0024]
The seal portion 21 is configured by attaching seals 26, 27, and 28 to seal beds 23, 24, and 25 formed in a ring shape, respectively. The seal beds 23, 24, and 25 each include a coil spring 29, The pipes 30 and 31 are pressed against the outer surface of the existing pipe 10, respectively. The seal bed 23 is located on the face side, and its tip is inclined at about 45 degrees. A thrust seal 32 is interposed between the rear wall of the seal bed 23 and the main body 1. A thrust seal 33 is also interposed between the front wall of the seal bed 24 and the main body 1. A grease gate 34 is provided between the seal bed 23 and the seal bed 24, and a grease gate 35 is provided between the seal bed 24 and the seal bed 25. The grease is fed to the grease gates 34 and 35 at a high pressure so that no gap is formed between the main body 1 and the existing pipe 10.
[0025]
Even if the existing pipe 10 is curved by the above-described structure, the seals 26, 27, and 28 expand and contract following this, and the sealing property is completed by grease.
With such a labyrinth structure, even if the existing pipe is meandering, the pipe can easily follow and the sealing property is improved.
[0026]
In the construction described above, it is necessary to first advance the tubular main body 1 when actually performing the construction. Then, the motor 5 is started and the cutter 11 is rotated to excavate the face. The inner wall of the tunnel formed at this time is sequentially reinforced by the segments 2, and the main body 1 is advanced by pushing the segments 2 with the propulsion jacks 16.
[0027]
At this time, the existing pipe 10 is inserted into the center of the cylindrical main body 1. Then, the progress is stopped at a position where the main body 1 has advanced to a certain extent, and the jack 3 is expanded. Then, the crushing bit 4 provided at the end of the jack 3 comes into contact with the inner surface of the existing pipe 10. Here, the motor 5 is started again, the jack 3 is rotated, and the existing pipe 10 is crushed by the crushing bit 4. At this time, the propulsion jack 16 does not operate, the excavating cutter 11 rotates but the face is not excavated, and the main body 1 does not move forward.
[0028]
And the crushed material of the existing pipe 10 is carried out to the outside by the lower conveyor 17b. When the crushing of the existing pipe 10 for a certain distance is completed, the rotation is stopped and the jack 3 is contracted.
[0029]
Next, the excavating cutter 11 is rotated again to advance while being excavated, and is advanced by the propulsion jack 16. By repeating the same cycle as described above, the destruction of the existing pipe 10 and the installation of the new pipe (segment 2) are performed alternately.
[0030]
In the apparatus of the present embodiment, a sensor 38 is provided at a tip end of a casing 37 containing the jack 3 in order to prevent the main body 1 from moving eccentrically during excavation. When the existing pipe is crushed, it is slidably housed in a cylindrical cover 39 to protect it from dust. When the crushing of the existing pipe 10 is stopped, it slides horizontally from the inside of the cover 39 to protrude to the outside, and measures the distance to the existing pipe 10 while rotating together with the jack 3. It is detected whether the distance to the existing pipe 10 is uniform over the entire circumference, and if it is eccentric, the direction of the excavating cutter 11 is adjusted to correct the position of the main body 1 with respect to the existing pipe 10.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, since the protrusion amount of a crushing bit can be arbitrarily adjusted with a jack, it can respond widely to the dimension of the pipe | tube to be crushed.
[0032]
In addition, since the motor for driving the main body and the motor for driving the crushing bit are also used, the structure is simple and the structure can be realized at low cost.
In addition, if a seal is provided to fill the clearance between the rotating body and the existing pipe, the follow-up property and the sealing property of the apparatus can be improved even when the existing pipe is meandering.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view around a crushing bit.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a shield part.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the smoothing cutter.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a smoothing cutter structure.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of the smoothing cutter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional enlarged shield excavator.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, body,
2. Segment,
3. Jack,
4 ・ ・ Crushing bit,
5. Motor,
10 ··· Existing pipes,
26, 27, 28 ... seal,
29, 30, 31 Coil spring.

Claims (3)

In an enlarged shield excavator that rotates an excavator and crushes existing pipes while traveling underground,
A rotating body is provided on the face side, an excavating cutter is arranged on the outer peripheral part of the rotating body, and a jack is attached on the inner peripheral side of the rotating body, and the jack can be expanded toward the outer peripheral part, A magnifying shield excavator, wherein a crushing bit is provided at an end of the jack, and the crushing bit is positioned in an existing pipe to be crushed so that the jack is opened and rotated. The excavating cutter is arranged ahead of the crushing bit, and between the excavating cutter and the crushing bit, in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe, the clearance between the rotating body and the existing pipe is increased. 2. The magnifying shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein a seal is provided for filling the seal, and the seal is constantly pressed against the existing pipe. The excavating cutter is arranged ahead of the crushing bit, and between the excavating cutter and the crushing bit, in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe, the clearance between the rotating body and the existing pipe is increased. 2. The magnifying shield excavating device according to claim 1, further comprising a seal for filling the seal, the seal being constantly pressed against the existing pipe, and a cutter for cutting an outer peripheral surface of the existing pipe prior to the seal.

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