JP4040216B2 - Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device using the same - Google Patents

Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4040216B2
JP4040216B2 JP21150599A JP21150599A JP4040216B2 JP 4040216 B2 JP4040216 B2 JP 4040216B2 JP 21150599 A JP21150599 A JP 21150599A JP 21150599 A JP21150599 A JP 21150599A JP 4040216 B2 JP4040216 B2 JP 4040216B2
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Prior art keywords
resin composition
photosensitive resin
positive photosensitive
weight
parts
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JP2001042518A (en
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孝 平野
敏夫 番場
直滋 竹田
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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  • Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高解像度で高残膜率のパターンを得ることができ、硬化後にウエハ等の基板の反りが少ない、低応力のポジ型感光性樹脂とそれを用いた半導体装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、半導体素子の表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜には耐熱性が優れ、又卓越した電気特性、機械的特性等を有するポリイミド樹脂が用いられているが、近年半導体素子の高集積化、大型化、封止樹脂パッケージの薄型化、小型化、半田リフローによる表面実装への移行等により耐熱サイクル性、耐熱ショック性等の著しい向上の要求があり、更に高性能のポリイミド樹脂が必要とされるようになってきた。
【0003】
一方、ポリイミド樹脂自身に感光性を付与する技術が最近注目を集めてきており、例えば感光性ポリイミド樹脂として、下記式(6)等がある。
【化8】

Figure 0004040216
【0004】
これを用いるとパターン作成工程の一部が簡略化でき、工程短縮の効果はあるが、現像の際にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン等の溶剤が必要となるため、安全、取扱いにおいて問題がある。そこで最近では、アルカリ水溶液で現像ができるポジ型の感光性樹脂が開発されている。例えば、特公平1−46862号公報においてはポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体とジアゾキノン化合物より構成されるポジ型感光性樹脂が開示されている。これは高い耐熱性、優れた電気特性、微細加工性を有し、ウェハーコート用のみならず層間絶縁用樹脂としての可能性も有している。このポジ型の感光性樹脂の現像メカニズムは、未露光部のジアゾキノン化合物がアルカリ性水溶液に不溶であり、露光することによりジアゾキノン化合物が化学変化を起こし、アルカリ性水溶液に可溶となる。この露光部と未露光部での溶解性の差を利用し、未露光部のみの塗膜パターンの作成が可能となる。
【0005】
これら感光性樹脂を実際に製品に使用する場合、感光性樹脂と封止樹脂との密着性が重要となってくる。これらは主に層間絶縁用として永久保護膜となって回路素子と封止樹脂との間に存在することになるため、感光性樹脂と封止樹脂との密着性が悪い場合、その界面で剥離が発生し、実用性に欠けるという問題が生じる。
【0006】
また、近年特にウエハの大型化が進み、300mmウエハが使用されるようになってきた。大きなウエハではSiウエハと感光性樹脂との線膨張係数が異なるために、ウエハに反りが生じ、ウエハを薄く削る裏面研削の工程でウエハが割れる問題が起こってきている。したがって感光性樹脂の線膨張係数をシリコンウエハに近づけた低応力の感光性樹脂の開発が望まれていた。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
高解像度で高残膜率のパターンを得ることができ、樹脂を硬化したのちのウエハの反りが小さいポジ型感光性樹脂を得る。またそれを用いた半導体装置を得る。
【0008】
本発明は、一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド(A)100重量部と感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部とフェノール化合物(C)1〜30重量部からなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物である。(式(1)中、Xは3,3’−ジアミノ−4,4’ジヒドロキシビフェニル、Yは下記式(3)より選ばれてなる。)
【化9】
Figure 0004040216
【化11】
Figure 0004040216
また、一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド(A)100重量部と感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部と一般式(4)および/又は(5)で表されるフェノール化合物(C)1〜30重量部とからなるポジ型感光性組成物である。
【化12】
Figure 0004040216
【化13】
Figure 0004040216
【0009】
更に好ましい形態としては、該感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)が、下記より選ばれてなり、
【化14】
Figure 0004040216
該ポリアミド(A)中、Yが下記より選ばれてなり、硬化後の線膨張係数が5〜45ppmであるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物である。
【化15】
Figure 0004040216
【0010】
また、上記のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を用い、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を加熱、硬化後の厚みが0.1〜30μmになるように塗布し、プリベーク、露光、現像、加熱してなる半導体素子からなる半導体装置である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
式(1)のポリアミドは、Xの構造を有するビスアミノフェノールとYの構造を有するジカルボン酸からなり、このポリアミドを約300〜400℃で加熱すると閉環し、ポリベンゾオキサゾールという耐熱性樹脂に変化する。
【0013】
この中で特に硬化後のフィルムの線膨張係数が低く、低応力性を示すものとして3−ジアミノ−4、4−ジヒドロキシビフェニルがあげられる。
この構造は硬化後の樹脂構造が直線性を持つような構造を有しており、硬化フィルムの線膨張係数が小さくなり、シリコンウエハの線膨張係数に近くなるので、ウエハの反りが少なくなる。
【0014】
硬化後の樹脂の線膨張係数は5〜45ppmが好ましい。硬化後の樹脂の線膨張係数が5ppmより小さくすることは難しく、硬化後の樹脂の線膨張係数が45ppmを越えるとウエハ等の基板に反りが発生するようになる。また、有機溶剤への溶解性をあげるため、線膨張性係数が大きくならない程度に他のジアミノジヒドロキシ化合物を共重合することが可能である。
【0015】
本発明のポリアミド(1)のYは、例えば、
【化17】
Figure 0004040216
等であるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0016】
これらの中で特に硬化後のフィルムの線膨張係数が低く、低応力性を示すものとして、
【化18】
Figure 0004040216
である。
【0017】
更に、式(1)のZは、例えば、
【化19】
Figure 0004040216
等であるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0018】
式(1)のZは、例えば、シリコンウェハーのような基板に対して、特に密着性が必要な場合に用いるが、その使用割合bについては最大40モル%まで使用することができる。40モル%を越えると樹脂の溶解性が極めて低下し、スカムが発生し、パターン加工ができない。
なお、これらX、Y、Zの使用にあたっては、それぞれ1種類であっても2種類以上の混合物であっても構わない。
【0019】
本発明で用いる感光性ジアゾキノン化合物は、1,2−ベンゾキノンジアジドあるいは1,2−ナフトキノンジアジド構造を有する化合物であり、米国特許明細書第2,772,972号、第2,797,213号、第3,669,658号により公知の物質である。
【0020】
例えば、下記のものが挙げられる。
【化20】
Figure 0004040216
【0021】
これらの中で特に高残膜率の点から好ましいものとしては下記のものがある。
【化21】
Figure 0004040216
【0022】
感光性ジアジドキノン化合物(B)のポリアミド(A)への配合量は、ポリアミド100重量部に対し、1〜100重量部で、配合量が1重量部未満だと樹脂のパターニング性が不良であり、逆に100重量部を越えるとフィルムの引張り伸び率が著しく低下する。
【0023】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要により感光特性を高めるためにジヒドロキシピリジン誘導体を加えることができる。ジヒドロキシピリジン誘導体としては、例えば、2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジアセチル−4−(2′−ニトロフェニル)−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン、4−(2′−ニトロフェニル)−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジカルボエトキシ−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン、4−(2′,4′−ジニトロフェニル)−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−カルボメトキシ−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン等を挙げることができる。
【0024】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物においては、更に一般式(4)、(5)で表わされるフェノール化合物を含有させることにより感度を改善することが可能である。
【0025】
【化22】
Figure 0004040216
【0026】
【化23】
Figure 0004040216
【0027】
フェノール化合物をポジ型レジスト組成物に添加する技術としては、例えば、特開平3−200251号公報、特開平3−200252号公報、特開平3−200253号公報、特開平3−200254号公報、特開平4−1650号公報、特開平4−1651号公報、特開平4−11260号公報、特開平4−12356号公報、特開平4−12357号公報に示されている。しかし、これらに示されているようなフェノール化合物は、本発明におけるポリアミドをベース樹脂としたポジ型感光性樹脂に用いても感度向上の効果は小さい。
【0028】
しかし、本発明における一般式(4)、(5)で表わされるフェノール化合物を用いた場合、露光部における溶解速度が増し、感度が向上する。又分子量を小さくし感度を上げた場合に見られるような未露光部の膜減りも非常に小さい。
又本発明においては、一般式(4)、(5)で表わされるフェノール化合物を添加することによる新たな特性として、封止樹脂との密着性が向上したポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が得られるということを見い出した。
【0029】
一般式(4)に示される化合物の例としては下記のもの等を挙げることができるがこれらに限定されない。
【0030】
【化24】
Figure 0004040216
【0031】
【化25】
Figure 0004040216
【0032】
【化26】
Figure 0004040216
【0033】
一般式(5)に示される化合物の例としては下記のもの等を挙げることができるがこれらに限定されない。
【0034】
【化27】
Figure 0004040216
【0035】
【化28】
Figure 0004040216
【0036】
【化29】
Figure 0004040216
【0037】
これらの中で特に感度及び残膜率の点で好ましいものとしては、
【化30】
Figure 0004040216
である。
一般式(4)又は(5)で表わされる化合物は単独、又は混合物の形で全フェノール化合物(C)中に50重量%以上含まれるものである。
【0038】
フェノール化合物(C)の添加量としては、ポリアミド(A)100重量部に対して1〜50重量部が好ましい。添加量が1重量部未満だと感度向上の効果が得られず、又添加量が50重量部を越えると残膜率の低下が大きくなったり、又冷凍保存中において析出が起こり実用性に欠ける。
【0039】
本発明におけるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要によりレベリング剤、シランカップリング剤等の添加剤を添加することができる。
【0040】
本発明においてはこれらの成分を溶剤に溶解し、ワニス状にして使用する。溶剤としては、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、γ−ブチロラクトン、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、メチル−1,3−ブチレングリコールアセテート、1,3−ブチレングリコール−3−モノメチルエーテル、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル、メチル−3−メトキシプロピオネート等を単独でも混合して用いてもよい。
【0041】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の使用方法は、まず該組成物を適当な支持体、例えば、シリコンウェハー、セラミック、アルミ基板等に塗布する。塗布方法としては、スピンナーを用いた回転塗布、スプレーコーターを用いた噴霧塗布、浸漬、印刷、ロールコーティング等がある。次に、60〜120℃でプリベークして塗膜を乾燥後、所望のパターン形状に化学線を照射する。化学線としては、X線、電子線、紫外線、可視光線等が使用できるが、200〜500nmの波長のものが好ましい。次に照射部を現像液で溶解除去することによりレリーフパターンを得る。
【0042】
現像液としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウム、メタケイ酸ナトリウム、アンモニア水等の無機アルカリ類、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン等の第1アミン類、ジエチルアミン、ジ−n−プロピルアミン等の第2アミン類、トリエチルアミン、メチルジエチルアミン等の第3アミン類、ジメチルエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等のアルコールアミン類、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド等の第4級アンモニウム塩等のアルカリ類の水溶液、及びこれにメタノール、エタノールのごときアルコール類等の水溶性有機溶媒や界面活性剤を適当量添加した水溶液を好適に使用することができる。現像方法としては、スプレー、パドル、浸漬、超音波等の方式が可能である。次に、現像によって形成したレリーフパターンをリンスする。リンス液としては、蒸留水を使用する。次に加熱処理を行い、オキサゾール環を形成し、耐熱性に富む最終パターンを得る。
【0043】
本発明によるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、半導体用途のみならず、多層回路の層間絶縁やフレキシブル銅張板のカバーコート、ソルダーレジスト膜や液晶配向膜等としても有用である。特に半導体素子の本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を用いると、生産性、品質に優れた半導体素子を得ることが出来る。半導体素子、半導体装置の製造は公知の方法を用いることが出来る。
【0044】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
《実施例1》
*ポリアミドの合成
テレフタル酸0.86モル、イソフタル酸0.14モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体380.4g(0.95モル)と3,3−ジアミノ−4、4−ジヒドロキシビフェニル216.3g(1.0モル)とを温度計、攪拌機原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、12時間攪拌して反応を終了した。反応混合物を濾過した後、反応混合物を水/メタノール=3/1の溶液に投入、沈殿物を濾集し水で充分洗浄した後、真空下で乾燥し、目的の一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X−1、Yが下記式Yー1及びYー2の混合で、a=100、b=0からなるポリアミド(A−1)を得た。
【0045】
*ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の作製
合成したポリアミド(A−1)100g、下記式の構造を有するジアゾキノン(Q−1)25重量部、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン200重量部に溶解した後、0.2μmのテフロンフィルターで濾過し感光性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0046】
*特性評価
このポジ型感光性樹脂組成物をシリコンウェハー上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、ホットプレートにて120℃で4分乾燥し、膜厚約5μmの塗膜を得た。この塗膜にg線ステッパー露光機NSR−1505G3A(ニコン(株)製)によりレチクルを通して50mJ/cm2から20mJ/cm2づつ増やして540mJ/cm2まで露光を行った。
次に1.4%のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に60秒浸漬することによって露光部を溶解除去した後、純水で30秒間リンスした。その結果、パターンが成形されていることが確認できた。この時の残膜率(現像後の膜厚/現像前の膜厚)は87.6%と非常に高い値を示した。また残しパターンにおいて、微細パターン剥がれは全く観察されず、現像時の密着性が優れていることが確認できた。
【0047】
また別にポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を同様に6インチシリコンウエハー(厚み625μm)上に硬化後10μmになるように塗布し、プリベークした後、光洋リンドバーク製のクリーンオーブンを用い、30分/150℃、30分/250℃、30分/350℃の順で、更に窒素濃度を約1〜2%で、加熱、樹脂を硬化させた。次にこのウエハの反りを表面粗さ計にて測定した結果10μmであった。更に硬化膜の線膨張係をTMAにより測定した。硬化膜の線膨張係数が小さく、シリコンウエハに近いため、ウエハにかかる応力が少なくウエハの反りも小さくなった。
【0048】
《実施例2》
実施例1におけるポリアミドの合成において、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸と1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体の替わりに、ジフェニルエーテル−4,4’−ジカルボン酸1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体443.2g(0.9モル)を用いて、一般式(1)で示され、Yが下記式Y−3で、a=100、b=0からなるポリアミド(A−2)の合成をし、更にジアゾキノンとして下記式構造のジアゾキノン(Q−2)を使用し、感光性樹脂組成物を得、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0049】
《実施例3》
実施例1におけるポリアミドの合成において(0.95モル)に減らし、替わりに1,3−ビス(3−アミノプロピル)−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルジシロキサン12.4重量部(0.05モル)を加え、一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X−1、Yが下記式Y−1及びY−2の混合、Zが下記式Z−1で、a=95、b=5からなるポリアミド(A−3)を合成し、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0050】
《実施例4》
実施例1における樹脂組成物に、下記式の構造を有するフェノール化合物(P−1)15重量部を添加し、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0051】
《実施例5》
実施例1における樹脂組成物に、下記式の構造を有するフェノール化合物(P−2)15重量部を添加し、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0052】
《実施例6》
実施例1におけるジアゾキノン化合物を、下記式Q−2に替えた以外は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0053】
《実施例7》(表1に実施例7のデータがない)
実施例1におけるフェノール化合物(P−1)の添加量を5重量部にした以外は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0055】
【化31】
Figure 0004040216
【0056】
【化32】
Figure 0004040216
【0057】
【化33】
Figure 0004040216
【0058】
【化34】
Figure 0004040216
【0059】
参考例1〜3、6、実施例4〜5、7、比較例1の樹脂成分、評価結果をまとめて表1に示す。
【表1】
Figure 0004040216
【0060】
【発明の効果】
本発明によって、高解像度で高残膜率のパターンを得ることができ、樹脂を硬化したのちのウエハの反りが小さいポジ型感光性樹脂とそれを用いた半導体装置を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a low-stress positive photosensitive resin that can obtain a pattern having a high resolution and a high residual film ratio and that has less warping of a substrate such as a wafer after curing, and a semiconductor device using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyimide resin having excellent heat resistance and excellent electrical and mechanical properties has been used for the surface protection film and interlayer insulation film of semiconductor elements. There is a demand for significant improvement in heat cycle resistance, heat shock resistance, etc., due to thinning, downsizing of sealing resin packages, transition to surface mounting by solder reflow, etc. It seems that higher performance polyimide resin is required It has become.
[0003]
On the other hand, a technique for imparting photosensitivity to the polyimide resin itself has recently attracted attention. For example, the photosensitive polyimide resin includes the following formula (6).
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004040216
[0004]
If this is used, a part of the pattern creation process can be simplified and the effect of shortening the process can be obtained. However, a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is required for development, which causes a problem in safety and handling. . Recently, positive photosensitive resins that can be developed with an aqueous alkali solution have been developed. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-468662 discloses a positive photosensitive resin composed of a polybenzoxazole precursor and a diazoquinone compound. This has high heat resistance, excellent electrical properties, and fine processability, and has the potential not only for wafer coating but also as a resin for interlayer insulation. The development mechanism of this positive photosensitive resin is that the unexposed portion of the diazoquinone compound is insoluble in the alkaline aqueous solution, and the diazoquinone compound undergoes a chemical change upon exposure to become soluble in the alkaline aqueous solution. By utilizing the difference in solubility between the exposed area and the unexposed area, it is possible to create a coating film pattern only on the unexposed area.
[0005]
When these photosensitive resins are actually used in products, the adhesion between the photosensitive resin and the sealing resin is important. These are permanent protective films for interlayer insulation, and are present between the circuit element and the sealing resin. If the adhesiveness between the photosensitive resin and the sealing resin is poor, peeling occurs at the interface. Occurs, and the problem of lack of practicality arises.
[0006]
In recent years, especially, the wafer has been increased in size, and a 300 mm wafer has been used. In the case of a large wafer, since the linear expansion coefficients of the Si wafer and the photosensitive resin are different from each other, the wafer is warped, and there is a problem that the wafer is broken in the back grinding process in which the wafer is thinned. Therefore, it has been desired to develop a low-stress photosensitive resin in which the linear expansion coefficient of the photosensitive resin is close to that of a silicon wafer.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A positive photosensitive resin can be obtained which can obtain a pattern having a high resolution and a high residual film ratio and a small warpage of the wafer after the resin is cured. In addition, a semiconductor device using the same is obtained.
[0008]
The present invention comprises 100 parts by weight of the polyamide (A) represented by the general formula (1), 1 to 100 parts by weight of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B), and 1 to 30 parts by weight of the phenolic compound (C). It is a positive photosensitive resin composition. (In the formula (1), X is selected from 3,3′-diamino-4,4′dihydroxybiphenyl and Y is selected from the following formula (3).)
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0004040216
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
Further, 100 parts by weight of the polyamide (A) represented by the general formula (1), 1 to 100 parts by weight of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B), and a phenol compound (C) represented by the general formulas (4) and / or (5) ) 1 to 30 parts by weight of a positive photosensitive composition.
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0009]
As a more preferable form, the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) is selected from the following:
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
In the polyamide (A), Y is selected from the following, and is a positive photosensitive resin composition having a linear expansion coefficient after curing of 5 to 45 ppm.
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0010]
Also, using the positive photosensitive resin composition described above, the positive photosensitive resin composition is applied so that the thickness after heating and curing is 0.1 to 30 μm, prebaked, exposed, developed, and heated. A semiconductor device comprising a semiconductor element.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The polyamide of formula (1) is composed of a bisaminophenol having a structure of X and a dicarboxylic acid having a structure of Y, and when this polyamide is heated at about 300 to 400 ° C., the ring is closed and changed to a heat-resistant resin called polybenzoxazole. To do.
[0013]
Among these, 3-diamino-4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl is particularly exemplified as a film having a low linear expansion coefficient after curing and exhibiting low stress.
This structure has such a structure that the resin structure after curing has linearity, the linear expansion coefficient of the cured film becomes small, and the linear expansion coefficient of the silicon wafer becomes close, so that the warpage of the wafer is reduced.
[0014]
The linear expansion coefficient of the cured resin is preferably 5 to 45 ppm. It is difficult to make the linear expansion coefficient of the cured resin smaller than 5 ppm. When the linear expansion coefficient of the cured resin exceeds 45 ppm, the substrate such as a wafer is warped. Further, in order to increase the solubility in an organic solvent, it is possible to copolymerize other diaminodihydroxy compounds to such an extent that the linear expansion coefficient does not increase.
[0015]
Y of the polyamide (1) of the present invention is, for example,
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
However, it is not limited to these.
[0016]
Among these, especially as the linear expansion coefficient of the film after curing is low, showing low stress,
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
It is.
[0017]
Furthermore, Z in Formula (1) is, for example,
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
However, it is not limited to these.
[0018]
Z in the formula (1) is used, for example, when adhesion is particularly required for a substrate such as a silicon wafer, but the use ratio b can be up to 40 mol%. When it exceeds 40 mol%, the solubility of the resin is extremely lowered, scum is generated, and pattern processing cannot be performed.
In addition, when using these X, Y, and Z, they may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.
[0019]
The photosensitive diazoquinone compound used in the present invention is a compound having a 1,2-benzoquinonediazide or 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide structure. US Pat. Nos. 2,772,972, 2,797,213, No. 3,669,658 which is a known substance.
[0020]
For example, the following are mentioned.
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0021]
Among these, the following are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of a high residual film ratio.
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0022]
The blending amount of the photosensitive diazide quinone compound (B) in the polyamide (A) is 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyamide. If the blending amount is less than 1 part by weight, the resin patternability is poor. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 100 parts by weight, the tensile elongation of the film is remarkably lowered.
[0023]
If necessary, a dihydroxypyridine derivative can be added to the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention in order to enhance the photosensitive properties. Examples of the dihydroxypyridine derivative include 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diacetyl-4- (2′-nitrophenyl) -1,4-dihydropyridine, 4- (2′-nitrophenyl) -2,6- Examples include dimethyl-3,5-dicarboethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine, 4- (2 ′, 4′-dinitrophenyl) -2,6-dimethyl-3,5-carbomethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine, and the like. be able to.
[0024]
In the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, the sensitivity can be improved by further containing a phenol compound represented by the general formulas (4) and (5).
[0025]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0026]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0027]
As a technique for adding a phenol compound to a positive resist composition, for example, JP-A-3-200251, JP-A-3-200262, JP-A-3-200263, JP-A-3-200244, It is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-1650, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-1651, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-11260, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-12356, and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-12357. However, even if the phenol compounds as shown in these are used for the positive photosensitive resin based on the polyamide in the present invention, the effect of improving the sensitivity is small.
[0028]
However, when the phenolic compounds represented by the general formulas (4) and (5) in the present invention are used, the dissolution rate in the exposed area is increased and the sensitivity is improved. In addition, the film loss at the unexposed area as seen when the molecular weight is reduced and the sensitivity is increased is very small.
In the present invention, a positive photosensitive resin composition having improved adhesion to the sealing resin is obtained as a new characteristic by adding the phenolic compounds represented by the general formulas (4) and (5). I found out.
[0029]
Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (4) include the following compounds, but are not limited thereto.
[0030]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0031]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0032]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0033]
Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (5) include the following, but are not limited thereto.
[0034]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0035]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0036]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0037]
Among these, particularly preferable in terms of sensitivity and residual film rate,
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
It is.
The compound represented by the general formula (4) or (5) is contained in the total phenol compound (C) in an amount of 50% by weight or more alone or in the form of a mixture.
[0038]
The addition amount of the phenol compound (C) is preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyamide (A). If the added amount is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of improving the sensitivity cannot be obtained, and if the added amount exceeds 50 parts by weight, the remaining film ratio is greatly reduced, or precipitation occurs during freezing storage, resulting in lack of practicality. .
[0039]
If necessary, additives such as a leveling agent and a silane coupling agent can be added to the positive photosensitive resin composition in the present invention.
[0040]
In the present invention, these components are dissolved in a solvent and used in the form of a varnish. Solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol Monomethyl ether acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methyl-1,3-butylene glycol acetate, 1,3-butylene glycol-3-monomethyl ether, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl-3-methoxypropio Nate or the like may be used alone or in combination.
[0041]
In the method of using the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, first, the composition is applied to a suitable support such as a silicon wafer, a ceramic, an aluminum substrate and the like. Examples of the coating method include spin coating using a spinner, spray coating using a spray coater, dipping, printing, roll coating, and the like. Next, after pre-baking at 60 to 120 ° C. to dry the coating film, actinic radiation is applied to the desired pattern shape. As the actinic radiation, X-rays, electron beams, ultraviolet rays, visible rays and the like can be used, but those having a wavelength of 200 to 500 nm are preferable. Next, a relief pattern is obtained by dissolving and removing the irradiated portion with a developer.
[0042]
Developers include inorganic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and aqueous ammonia, primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propylamine, diethylamine, and di-n. Secondary amines such as propylamine, tertiary amines such as triethylamine and methyldiethylamine, alcohol amines such as dimethylethanolamine and triethanolamine, quaternary ammonium such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide and tetraethylammonium hydroxide An aqueous solution of an alkali such as a salt and an aqueous solution to which an appropriate amount of a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol or a surfactant is added can be preferably used. As a developing method, methods such as spraying, paddle, dipping, and ultrasonic waves are possible. Next, the relief pattern formed by development is rinsed. Distilled water is used as the rinse liquid. Next, heat treatment is performed to form an oxazole ring, and a final pattern with high heat resistance is obtained.
[0043]
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is useful not only for semiconductor applications, but also as interlayer insulation for multilayer circuits, cover coats for flexible copper-clad plates, solder resist films, liquid crystal alignment films, and the like. In particular, when the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention for a semiconductor element is used, a semiconductor element excellent in productivity and quality can be obtained. A known method can be used for manufacturing the semiconductor element and the semiconductor device.
[0044]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
Example 1
* Synthesis of polyamide 380.4 g (0.95) of dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting 0.86 mol of terephthalic acid, 0.14 mol of isophthalic acid and 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole Mol) and 21,3-diamino-4,4-dihydroxybiphenyl (216.3 g, 1.0 mol) in a four-necked separable flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer raw material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet tube. The mixture was stirred for 12 hours to complete the reaction. After filtering the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture was poured into a solution of water / methanol = 3/1, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed thoroughly with water, dried under vacuum, and represented by the desired general formula (1). X is a mixture of the following formula X-1 and Y is a mixture of the following formulas Y-1 and Y-2 to obtain a polyamide (A-1) having a = 100 and b = 0.
[0045]
* Preparation of positive photosensitive resin composition After being dissolved in 100 g of synthesized polyamide (A-1), 25 parts by weight of diazoquinone (Q-1) having the structure of the following formula, and 200 parts by weight of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone And a 0.2 μm Teflon filter to obtain a photosensitive resin composition.
[0046]
* Characteristic evaluation This positive photosensitive resin composition was applied onto a silicon wafer using a spin coater and then dried on a hot plate at 120 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a coating film having a thickness of about 5 μm. By this coating film g-line stepper exposing machine NSR-1505G3A (manufactured by Nikon Corporation) through a reticle from 50 mJ / cm 2 increased 20 mJ / cm 2 increments was exposed to 540mJ / cm 2.
Next, the exposed portion was dissolved and removed by immersing in a 1.4% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution for 60 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water for 30 seconds. As a result, it was confirmed that the pattern was formed. The residual film ratio (film thickness after development / film thickness before development) at this time was a very high value of 87.6%. Further, in the remaining pattern, no fine pattern peeling was observed, and it was confirmed that the adhesion during development was excellent.
[0047]
Separately, a positive photosensitive resin composition was similarly applied onto a 6-inch silicon wafer (thickness: 625 μm) so as to have a thickness of 10 μm, prebaked, and then used for 30 minutes at 150 ° C. using a Koyo Lindberg clean oven. 30 minutes / 250 ° C., 30 minutes / 350 ° C., and a nitrogen concentration of about 1 to 2%, followed by heating and curing the resin. Next, the result of measuring the warpage of the wafer with a surface roughness meter was 10 μm. Further, the coefficient of linear expansion of the cured film was measured by TMA. Since the linear expansion coefficient of the cured film is small and close to a silicon wafer, the stress applied to the wafer is small and the warpage of the wafer is small.
[0048]
Example 2
In the synthesis of the polyamide in Example 1, instead of the dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole, diphenyl ether-4,4 ′ -Using 443.2 g (0.9 mol) of a dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting 1 mol of dicarboxylic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole, Y is synthesized by the following formula Y-3 and a polyamide (A-2) comprising a = 100 and b = 0 is synthesized, and diazoquinone (Q-2) having the following formula structure is used as a diazoquinone, The other evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0049]
Example 3
In the synthesis of polyamide in Example 1, it was reduced to (0.95 mol), and instead 12.4 parts by weight of 1,3-bis (3-aminopropyl) -1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (0 .05 mol), represented by the general formula (1), X is the following formula X-1, Y is a mixture of the following formulas Y-1 and Y-2, Z is the following formula Z-1 and a = 95 , B = 5 was synthesized, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0050]
Example 4
15 parts by weight of a phenol compound (P-1) having the structure of the following formula was added to the resin composition in Example 1, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
[0051]
Example 5
15 parts by weight of a phenol compound (P-2) having the structure of the following formula was added to the resin composition in Example 1, and the other evaluations were performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0052]
Example 6
Evaluation similar to Example 1 was performed except having changed the diazoquinone compound in Example 1 into following formula Q-2.
[0053]
<< Example 7 >> (There is no data of Example 7 in Table 1)
Evaluation similar to Example 1 was performed except having made the addition amount of the phenolic compound (P-1) in Example 1 into 5 weight part.
[0055]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0056]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0057]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0058]
Embedded image
Figure 0004040216
[0059]
Table 1 shows the resin components and evaluation results of Reference Examples 1 to 3 and 6, Examples 4 to 5 and 7, and Comparative Example 1 .
[Table 1]
Figure 0004040216
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-resolution, high-residue pattern, a positive photosensitive resin in which the warpage of the wafer after curing the resin is small, and a semiconductor device using the same.

Claims (6)

一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド(A)100重量部と感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)1〜100重量部とフェノール化合物(C)1〜30重量部からなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。(式(1)中、Xは3,3’−ジアミノ−4,4’ジヒドロキシビフェニル、Yは下記式(3)より選ばれてなる。)
Figure 0004040216
Figure 0004040216
A positive photosensitive material comprising 100 parts by weight of a polyamide (A) represented by the general formula (1), 1 to 100 parts by weight of a photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) and 1 to 30 parts by weight of a phenol compound (C) . Resin composition. (In the formula (1), X is selected from 3,3′-diamino-4,4′dihydroxybiphenyl and Y is selected from the following formula (3).)
Figure 0004040216
Figure 0004040216
一般式(4)および/又は(5)で表されるフェノール化合物(C)を含む請求項1に記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004040216
Figure 0004040216
The positive photosensitive resin composition of Claim 1 containing the phenolic compound (C) represented by General formula (4) and / or (5).
Figure 0004040216
Figure 0004040216
該感光性ジアゾキノン化合物(B)が下記より選ばれてなる請求項1または2に記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004040216
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the photosensitive diazoquinone compound (B) is selected from the following.
Figure 0004040216
該ポリアミド(A)中、Yが下記より選ばれてなる請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004040216
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein Y is selected from the following in the polyamide (A).
Figure 0004040216
硬化後の線膨張係数が5〜45ppm/℃である請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。The positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the linear expansion coefficient after curing is 5 to 45 ppm / ° C. 請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を、加熱、硬化後の厚みが0.1〜30μmになるように塗布し、プリベーク、露光、現像、加熱してなる半導体素子からなる半導体装置。 A semiconductor obtained by applying the positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 so that the thickness after heating and curing is 0.1 to 30 µm, and prebaking, exposing, developing and heating. A semiconductor device composed of elements.
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