JP3682911B2 - Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device - Google Patents

Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3682911B2
JP3682911B2 JP32440699A JP32440699A JP3682911B2 JP 3682911 B2 JP3682911 B2 JP 3682911B2 JP 32440699 A JP32440699 A JP 32440699A JP 32440699 A JP32440699 A JP 32440699A JP 3682911 B2 JP3682911 B2 JP 3682911B2
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mol
photosensitive resin
resin composition
positive photosensitive
polyamide
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JP2001142208A (en
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敏夫 番場
裕明 真壁
孝 平野
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、i線に対して高感度、高残膜率で、更に現像後にスカムの発生がないパターンが得ることができるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、半導体素子の表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜には耐熱性が優れ、又卓越した電気特性、機械特性等を有するポリイミド樹脂が用いられているが、近年半導体素子の高集積化、大型化、パッケージの薄型化、小型化、半田リフローによる表面実装への移行等により耐熱サイクル性、耐熱ショック性等の著しい向上の要求があり、更に高性能の樹脂が必要とされるようになってきた。
一方、ポリイミド樹脂自身に感光性を付与する技術が最近注目を集めてきており、例えば下記式(3)に示される感光性ポリイミド樹脂が挙げられる。
【0003】
【化6】

Figure 0003682911
【0004】
これを用いるとパターン作成工程の一部が簡略化でき、工程短縮および歩留まり向上の効果はあるが、現像の際にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン等の溶剤が必要となるため、安全性、取扱い性に問題がある。
【0005】
そこで最近、アルカリ水溶液で現像ができるポジ型の感光性樹脂が開発されている。例えば、特公平1−46862号公報においてはポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体とジアゾキノン化合物より構成されるポジ型感光性樹脂が開示されている。これは高い耐熱性、優れた電気特性、微細加工性を有し、ウェハーコート用のみならず層間絶縁用樹脂としての可能性も有している。このポジ型の感光性樹脂の現像メカニズムは、未露光部のジアゾキノン化合物はアルカリ水溶液に不溶であるが、露光することによりジアゾキノン化合物が化学変化を起こし、アルカリ水溶液に可溶となる。この露光部と未露光部との溶解性の差を利用し、露光部を溶解除去することにより未露光部のみの塗膜パターンの作成が可能となるものである。
【0006】
これら感光性樹脂を実際に使用する場合、特に重要となるのは感光性樹脂の感度である。低感度であると、露光時間が長くなりスループットが低下する。そこで感光性樹脂の感度を向上させようとして、例えばベース樹脂の分子量を小さくすると、現像時に未露光部の膜減りが大きくなるために、必要とされる膜厚が得られなかったり、パターン形状が崩れるといった問題が生じる。また、逆に、良好なパターンを得るため、膜減りが小さくなるような感光剤を用いた場合、現像後にパターンと基板と界面に現像残り(スカム)が発生し易くなる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、i線に対して高感度、高残膜率で、更に現像後にスカムの発生がないパターンが得ることができるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、一般式(1)で示されるフェノール化合物1モルに1、2―ナフトキノンジアジド―4―スルホン酸クロライドを仕込みで2.7〜3.0モルを反応させたジアゾキノン誘導体と、
【0009】
【化7】
Figure 0003682911
【0010】
一般式(2)で示されるポリアミド100重量部とそのジアゾキノン誘導体1〜100重量部からなるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に関するものである。
【0011】
【化8】
Figure 0003682911
【0012】
式(2)のポリアミドは、Xの構造を有するビスアミノフェノールとYの構造を有するジカルボン酸と、更にEの構造を有する酸無水物からなり、このポリアミドを約300〜400℃で加熱すると脱水閉環し、ポリベンゾオキサゾールという耐熱性樹脂に変化する。
本発明のポリアミド(2)のXは、例えば、
【0013】
【化9】
Figure 0003682911
【0014】
等であるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
この中で特に好ましいものとしては、
【0015】
【化10】
Figure 0003682911
【0016】
より選ばれるものである。
又式(2)のYは、例えば、
【0017】
【化11】
Figure 0003682911
【0018】
等であるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
これらの中で特に好ましいものとしては、
【0019】
【化12】
Figure 0003682911
【0020】
より選ばれるものである。
又式(2)のEは、例えば、
【0021】
【化13】
Figure 0003682911
より選ばれるものである。この中で特に好ましいものとしては、
【0022】
【化14】
Figure 0003682911
より選ばれるものである。
【0023】
本発明はYの構造を有するジカルボン酸誘導体とXの構造を有するビスアミノフェノールを反応させてポリアミドを合成した後、式(2)のEに示すアルケニル基又はアルキニル基を少なくとも1個有する酸無水物を用いて末端のアミノ基をキャップするものである。
【0024】
更に、式(2)のZは、例えば
【化15】
Figure 0003682911
等であるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0025】
式(2)のZは、例えば、シリコンウェハーのような基板に対して、特に優れた密着性が必要な場合に用いるが、その使用割合bは最大40.0モル%までである。40.0モル%を越えると樹脂の溶解性が極めて低下し、現像残り(スカム)が発生し、パターン加工ができない。なお、これらX、Y、E、Zの使用にあたっては、それぞれ1種類であっても2種類以上の混合物であっても構わない。
【0026】
本発明で用いる一般式(1)で示されるフェノール化合物を用いた感光性ジアゾキノン化合物は、特開平3―48249、特開平4―36751、特開平4―211254、特開平4―4298749においてアルカリ可溶性のノボラックと組み合わせで、また、特開平7―281441ではポリベンゾオキサゾール樹脂との組み合わせで開示されている感光剤である。しかし、一般式(1)で示されるフェノール化合物を用いた感光性ジアゾキノン化合物は特にポリベンゾオキサゾールとの組み合わせで現像残り(スカム)が発生し易い。
【0027】
ポジ型の感光性樹脂の現像メカニズムは前述したように露光部と未露光部との溶解性の差を利用しており、高感度、高残膜率を得ようとする場合、その差を大きくするために露光部はより溶けやすく、未露光部はより溶けにくくなるように溶解性を変化させることが必要である。その溶解性の差の変化は支持体であるフェノール系化合物の構造にも因るところが非常に大きい。また、もう一つの要因としてフェノール化合物の水酸基のうち、ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸クロライドでエステル化する割合によっても変わっている。つまり、そのエステル化の割合が小さいと残存する水酸基が多くなり、膜減りが大きくなる。また、エステル化の割合が大きいと残存する水酸基が少なくなり、その結果、溶解性が低下し、露光部において現像残りが発生する。
【0028】
本発明では一般式(1)で示されるフェノール化合物を用いた感光性ジアゾキノン化合物に1、2―ナフトキノンジアジド―4―スルホン酸クロライドのエステル化率を検討した結果、式(1)で示されるフェノール化合物に対して1モルに対して1、2―ナフトキノンジアジド―4―スルホン酸クロライドを仕込で2.7〜3.0モル反応させた反応物に限定した物を用いるとi線に対して高感度、高残膜率で更にスカムを発生しないことを見いだした。これは溶解阻止能が発現しにくく、スカムの発生しやすいポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体と組み合わせたことにのみ、発現する効果で、溶解阻止能、スカムの出にくいノボラック樹脂では現れない効果である。(1)で示されるフェノール化合物に対して1モルに対して1、2―ナフトキノンジアジド―4―スルホン酸クロライドの仕込み反応モルが2.7以下の場合、膜減りが大きくなる。また3.0モルより多い場合、スカムの発生が見られ好ましくない。
【0029】
また、感光性ジアゾキノン化合物のポリアミドへの配合量は、ポリアミド100重量部に対し、1〜100重量部で、配合量が1重量部未満だと樹脂のパターニング性が不良であり、逆に100重量部を越えると感度が大幅に低下するだけでなく、フィルムの引張り伸び率が著しく低下する。
【0030】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要により感光特性を高めるためにジヒドロピリジン誘導体を加えることができる。ジヒドロピリジン誘導体としては、例えば2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジアセチル−4−(2′−ニトロフェニル)−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン、4−(2′−ニトロフェニル)−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジカルボエトキシ−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン、4−(2′,4′−ジニトロフェニル)−2,6−ジメチル−3,5−ジカルボメトキシ−1,4−ジヒドロピリジン等を挙げることができる。
【0031】
本発明におけるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要によりレベリング剤、シランカップリング剤等の添加剤を添加することができる。
本発明においてはこれらの成分を溶剤に溶解し、ワニス状にして使用する。溶剤としては、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、γ−ブチロラクトン、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、メチル−1,3−ブチレングリコールアセテート、1,3−ブチレングリコール−3−モノメチルエーテル、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル、メチル−3−メトキシプロピオネート等が挙げられ、単独でも混合して用いてもよい。
【0032】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の使用方法は、まず該組成物を適当な支持体、例えば、シリコンウェハー、セラミック基板、アルミ基板等に塗布する。塗布量は、半導体装置の場合、硬化後の最終膜厚が0.1〜50μmになるよう塗布する。塗布方法としては、スピンナーを用いた回転塗布、スプレーコーターを用いた噴霧塗布、浸漬、印刷、ロールコーティング等がある。次に、60〜130℃でプリベークして塗膜を乾燥後、所望のパターン形状に化学線を照射する。化学線としては、X線、電子線、紫外線、可視光線等が使用できるが、200〜500nmの波長のものが好ましい。次に照射部を現像液で溶解除去することによりレリーフパターンを得る。現像液としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウム、メタケイ酸ナトリウム、アンモニア水等の無機アルカリ類、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン等の第1アミン類、ジエチルアミン、ジ−n−プロピルアミン等の第2アミン類、トリエチルアミン、メチルジエチルアミン等の第3アミン類、ジメチルエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等のアルコールアミン類、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド等の第4級アンモニウム塩等のアルカリ類の水溶液、及びこれにメタノール、エタノールのごときアルコール類等の水溶性有機溶媒や界面活性剤を適当量添加した水溶液を好適に使用することができる。現像方法としては、スプレー、パドル、浸漬、超音波等の方式が可能である。次に、現像によって形成したレリーフパターンをリンスする。リンス液としては、蒸留水を使用する。次に加熱処理を行い、オキサゾール環を形成し、耐熱性に富む最終パターンを得る。
本発明によるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、半導体用途のみならず、多層回路の層間絶縁やフレキシブル銅張板のカバーコート、ソルダーレジスト膜や液晶配向膜等としても有用である。特に半導体用途には有用で、生産性が高い半導体装置を得ることができる。半導体装置の製造方法は従来の公知に方法を用いることが出来る。
【0033】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
《実施例1》
*ポリアミドの合成
ジフェニルエーテル−4,4’−ジカルボン酸1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体443.2g(0.9モル)とヘキサフルオロ−2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン366.3g(1.0モル)とを温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン3000gを加えて溶解させた。その後オイルバスを用いて75℃にて12時間反応させた。
次にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン500gに溶解させた5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物32.8g(0.2モル)を加え、更に12時間攪拌して反応を終了した。反応混合物をろ過した後、反応混合物を水/メタノール=3/1の溶液に投入、沈殿物を濾集し水で充分洗浄した後、真空下で乾燥し、目的のポリアミド(A−1)を得た。
【0034】
*感光剤の合成
下記式の構造を有するフェノール化合物(P―1)100重量部(0.236モル)と1、2―ナフトキノンジアジドー4―スルホン酸クロリド177.4重量部(0.661モル[フェノール化合物1モルに対して2.8モル])とをテトラヒドロフラン900mlに溶解し、トリエチルアミン66.9重量部(0.661モル)を10℃以下で滴下する。室温で20時間反応させた後、析出したトリエチルアミンの塩酸塩を濾別除去し、イオン交換水15Lに投入し、沈殿物を得た。この沈殿物を濾集し、室温で48時間乾燥させた。これを感光剤(B―1)とする。この感光剤をHPLCで分析したところ、トリエステル化物84.2%、ジエステル化物13.8%、モノエステル化物は0.8%、未反応物1.2%であった。
【化16】
Figure 0003682911
【0035】
*ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の作製
合成したポリアミド(A−1)100g、合成したジアゾキノン(B−1)25gをN−メチル−2−ピロリドン250gに溶解した後、0.2μmのテフロンフィルターで濾過し感光性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0036】
*特性評価
このポジ型感光性樹脂組成物をシリコンウェハー上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、ホットプレートにて120℃で4分乾燥し、膜厚約5μmの塗膜を得た。この塗膜にi線ステッパー露光機NSR−2205i12C(ニコン(株)製)によりレチクルを通して100mJ/cm2から10mJ/cm2ずつ増やして700mJ/cm2まで露光を行った。
次に2.38%のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に40秒浸漬することによって露光部を溶解除去した後、純水で30秒間リンスした。その結果、露光量300mJ/cm2で照射した部分よりパターンが成形されていることが確認できた。(感度は230mJ/cm2)。この時の残膜率(現像後の膜厚/現像前の膜厚×100)は94.3%と非常に高い値を示した。またスカム等の発生はみられなかった。
【0037】
《実施例2》
実施例1における感光性樹脂組成物中の感光性ジアゾキノン化合物の合成において、フェノール化合物(P―1)100重量部(0.236モル)と1、2―ナフトキノンジアジドー4―スルホン酸クロリド202.7重量部(0.755モル[フェノール化合物1モルに対して3.0モル])とをテトラヒドロフラン900mlに溶解し、トリエチルアミン76.4重量部(0.755モル)を10℃以下で滴下する。室温で20時間反応させた後、析出したトリエチルアミンの塩酸塩を濾別除去し、イオン交換水15Lに投入し、沈殿物を得た。この沈殿物を濾集し、室温で48時間乾燥させた。これを感光剤(B―2)とする。この感光剤をHPLCで分析したところ、トリエステル化物89.7%、ジエステル化物7.3%、モノエステル化物2.1%、未反応物0.9%であった.
B−1をB−2に替えて、更に該成分の添加量を表1の様に替えた他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《実施例3》
実施例1におけるポリアミドの合成において、ジフェニルエーテル−4,4’−ジカルボン酸1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体の替わりに、ジフェニルスルホン−4,4’−ジカルボン酸1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体を用いてポリアミド(A−2)を合成し、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《実施例4》
実施例1におけるポリアミドの合成においてヘキサフルオロ−2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンの替わりに3,3’−ジアミノ−4,4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホンを用いて、ポリアミド(A−3)を合成し、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《実施例5》
実施例1におけるポリアミドの合成において5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物の替わりに無水マレイン酸を用いてポリアミド(A−4)を合成し、その他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《実施例6》
実施例1における感光性樹脂組成物中の感光性ジアゾキノン化合物B−1の添加量を表1の様に替えた他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《実施例7》
実施例1における感光性樹脂組成物中の感光性ジアゾキノン化合物B―1の添加量を表1の様に替えた他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0038】
《比較例1》
実施例1における感光性樹脂組成物中の感光性ジアゾキノン化合物の合成において、フェノール化合物(P―1)100重量部(0.236モル)と1、2―ナフトキノンジアジドー4―スルホン酸クロリド142.6重量部(0.531モル[フェノール化合物1モルに対して2.25モル])とをテトラヒドロフラン900mlに溶解し、トリエチルアミン53.7重量部(0.531モル)を10℃以下で滴下する。室温で20時間反応させた後、析出したトリエチルアミンの塩酸塩を濾別除去し、イオン交換水15Lに投入し、沈殿物を得た。この沈殿物を濾集し、室温で48時間乾燥させた。これを感光剤(B―3)とする。この感光剤をHPLCで分析したところ、トリエステル化物47.9%、ジエステル化物38.7%、モノエステル化物は11.6%、未反応物1.8%であった。
B−1をB−3に替えて、更に該成分の添加量を表1の様に替えた他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《比較例2》
実施例1における感光性樹脂組成物中の感光性ジアゾキノン化合物の合成において、フェノール化合物(P―1)100重量部(0.236モル)と1、2―ナフトキノンジアジドー4―スルホン酸クロリド164.9重量部(0.614モル[フェノール化合物1モルに対して2.6モル])とをテトラヒドロフラン900mlに溶解し、トリエチルアミン62.1重量部(0.614モル)を10℃以下で滴下する。室温で20時間反応させた後、析出したトリエチルアミンの塩酸塩を濾別除去し、イオン交換水15Lに投入し、沈殿物を得た。この沈殿物を濾集し、室温で48時間乾燥させた。これを感光剤(B―4)とする。この感光剤をHPLCで分析したところ、トリエステル化物62.9%、ジエステル化物27.9%、モノエステル化物7.8%、未反応物1.4%であった.
B−1をB−4に替えて、更に該成分の添加量を表1の様に替えた他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
《比較例3》
実施例1における感光性樹脂組成物中の感光性ジアゾキノン化合物の合成において、フェノール化合物(P―1)100重量部(0.236モル)と1、2―ナフトキノンジアジドー4―スルホン酸クロリド202.7重量部(0.755モル[フェノール化合物1モルに対して3.2モル])とをテトラヒドロフラン900mlに溶解し、トリエチルアミン76.4重量部(0.755モル)を10℃以下で滴下する。室温で20時間反応させた後、析出したトリエチルアミンの塩酸塩を濾別除去し、イオン交換水15Lに投入し、沈殿物を得た。この沈殿物を濾集し、室温で48時間乾燥させた。これを感光剤(B―5)とする。この感光剤をHPLCで分析したところ、トリエステル化物99.7%、ジエステル化物0.3%であった.
B−1をB−5に替えて、更に該成分の添加量を表1の様に替えた他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
実施例1〜7、比較例1〜3の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0039】
【表1】
Figure 0003682911
【0040】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、i線に対して高感度、高残膜率で、更に現像後にスカムの発生がないパターンが得ることができる感光剤及びポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a positive photosensitive resin composition capable of obtaining a pattern having high sensitivity to i-rays and a high residual film ratio and further free from scum after development.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyimide resin having excellent heat resistance and excellent electrical characteristics, mechanical characteristics, etc. has been used for the surface protection film and interlayer insulation film of semiconductor elements. There has been a demand for significant improvement in heat cycle resistance, heat shock resistance, and the like due to the thinning and downsizing of packages, and the transition to surface mounting by solder reflow, and higher performance resins have been required.
On the other hand, techniques for imparting photosensitivity to the polyimide resin itself have recently attracted attention, and examples thereof include a photosensitive polyimide resin represented by the following formula (3).
[0003]
[Chemical 6]
Figure 0003682911
[0004]
When this is used, a part of the pattern creation process can be simplified, and there is an effect of shortening the process and improving the yield. However, since a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is required for development, safety and handling There is a problem with sex.
[0005]
Therefore, a positive photosensitive resin that can be developed with an aqueous alkali solution has recently been developed. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-468662 discloses a positive photosensitive resin composed of a polybenzoxazole precursor and a diazoquinone compound. This has high heat resistance, excellent electrical properties, and fine processability, and has the potential not only for wafer coating but also as a resin for interlayer insulation. The development mechanism of this positive type photosensitive resin is that the unexposed portion of the diazoquinone compound is insoluble in the alkaline aqueous solution, but the diazoquinone compound undergoes a chemical change upon exposure to become soluble in the alkaline aqueous solution. By utilizing the difference in solubility between the exposed portion and the unexposed portion to dissolve and remove the exposed portion, a coating film pattern of only the unexposed portion can be created.
[0006]
When these photosensitive resins are actually used, the sensitivity of the photosensitive resin is particularly important. If the sensitivity is low, the exposure time becomes long and the throughput decreases. Therefore, in order to improve the sensitivity of the photosensitive resin, for example, if the molecular weight of the base resin is reduced, the film thickness of the unexposed area increases during development, so that the required film thickness cannot be obtained or the pattern shape is Problems such as collapse. On the other hand, in order to obtain a good pattern, when a photosensitive agent that reduces the film thickness is used, a development residue (scum) tends to occur at the interface between the pattern and the substrate after development.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a positive photosensitive resin composition capable of obtaining a pattern having high sensitivity with respect to i-line and a high residual film ratio and further free from scum after development.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a diazoquinone derivative prepared by charging 2.7 to 3.0 mol of 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid chloride with 1 mol of a phenol compound represented by the general formula (1),
[0009]
[Chemical 7]
Figure 0003682911
[0010]
The present invention relates to a positive photosensitive resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of polyamide represented by the general formula (2) and 1 to 100 parts by weight of the diazoquinone derivative.
[0011]
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0003682911
[0012]
The polyamide of the formula (2) comprises a bisaminophenol having a structure of X, a dicarboxylic acid having a structure of Y, and an acid anhydride having a structure of E. When the polyamide is heated at about 300 to 400 ° C., dehydration is achieved. The ring is closed, and changes to a heat-resistant resin called polybenzoxazole.
X of the polyamide (2) of the present invention is, for example,
[0013]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0003682911
[0014]
However, it is not limited to these.
Among these, as particularly preferred,
[0015]
[Chemical Formula 10]
Figure 0003682911
[0016]
It is chosen.
Y in the formula (2) is, for example,
[0017]
Embedded image
Figure 0003682911
[0018]
However, it is not limited to these.
Among these, particularly preferred are:
[0019]
Embedded image
Figure 0003682911
[0020]
It is chosen.
Also, E in equation (2) is, for example,
[0021]
Embedded image
Figure 0003682911
It is chosen. Among these, as particularly preferred,
[0022]
Embedded image
Figure 0003682911
It is chosen.
[0023]
In the present invention, after synthesizing a polyamide by reacting a dicarboxylic acid derivative having a Y structure with a bisaminophenol having a X structure, an acid anhydride having at least one alkenyl group or alkynyl group represented by E in the formula (2) is prepared. The terminal amino group is capped with a product.
[0024]
Further, Z in the formula (2) is, for example,
Figure 0003682911
However, it is not limited to these.
[0025]
Z in the formula (2) is used, for example, when particularly excellent adhesion to a substrate such as a silicon wafer is required, but the use ratio b is up to 40.0 mol%. If it exceeds 40.0 mol%, the solubility of the resin is extremely lowered, developing residue (scum) is generated, and pattern processing cannot be performed. In addition, when using these X, Y, E, and Z, they may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.
[0026]
The photosensitive diazoquinone compound using the phenol compound represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention is alkali-soluble in JP-A-3-48249, JP-A-4-36751, JP-A-4-21254, and JP-A-4-4298749. Photosensitizers disclosed in combination with novolaks and in combination with polybenzoxazole resins in JP-A-7-281441. However, the photosensitive diazoquinone compound using the phenol compound represented by the general formula (1) tends to generate a development residue (scum) particularly in combination with polybenzoxazole.
[0027]
As described above, the development mechanism of the positive photosensitive resin utilizes the difference in solubility between the exposed and unexposed areas, and the difference is greatly increased when trying to obtain high sensitivity and a high residual film ratio. Therefore, it is necessary to change the solubility so that the exposed portion is more easily dissolved and the unexposed portion is more difficult to dissolve. The change in the difference in solubility is greatly caused by the structure of the phenolic compound as a support. Another factor is the ratio of esterification with naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid chloride among the hydroxyl groups of the phenol compound. In other words, if the esterification rate is small, the number of remaining hydroxyl groups increases and the film loss increases. Further, when the ratio of esterification is large, the remaining hydroxyl groups are reduced, and as a result, the solubility is lowered and a development residue is generated in the exposed area.
[0028]
In the present invention, as a result of examining the esterification rate of 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid chloride to the photosensitive diazoquinone compound using the phenol compound represented by the general formula (1), the phenol represented by the formula (1) is obtained. When a product limited to a reaction product prepared by reacting 2.7 to 3.0 mol of 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid chloride with respect to 1 mol of the compound is used, the i-line is high. It was found that no scum was generated with high sensitivity and high residual film rate. This is an effect that is manifested only in combination with a polybenzoxazole precursor that hardly exhibits dissolution inhibiting ability and easily generates scum, and does not appear in a novolak resin that exhibits little dissolution inhibiting ability and scum. When the charged reaction mole of 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid chloride is 2.7 or less with respect to 1 mol of the phenol compound represented by (1), the film thickness is increased. On the other hand, when the amount is more than 3.0 mol, the occurrence of scum is not preferable.
[0029]
In addition, the blending amount of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound in the polyamide is 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyamide. If the blending amount is less than 1 part by weight, the resin patternability is poor, and conversely 100 parts by weight. If it exceeds the area, not only the sensitivity is greatly lowered, but also the tensile elongation of the film is significantly lowered.
[0030]
If necessary, a dihydropyridine derivative can be added to the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention in order to enhance the photosensitive properties. Examples of the dihydropyridine derivative include 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diacetyl-4- (2′-nitrophenyl) -1,4-dihydropyridine, 4- (2′-nitrophenyl) -2,6-dimethyl- 3,5-dicarboethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine, 4- (2 ′, 4′-dinitrophenyl) -2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxy-1,4-dihydropyridine, etc. Can do.
[0031]
If necessary, additives such as a leveling agent and a silane coupling agent can be added to the positive photosensitive resin composition in the present invention.
In the present invention, these components are dissolved in a solvent and used in the form of a varnish. Solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol Monomethyl ether acetate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methyl-1,3-butylene glycol acetate, 1,3-butylene glycol-3-monomethyl ether, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl-3-methoxypropio And the like, and may be used alone or in combination.
[0032]
In the method of using the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, the composition is first applied to a suitable support such as a silicon wafer, a ceramic substrate, an aluminum substrate and the like. In the case of a semiconductor device, the coating amount is applied so that the final film thickness after curing is 0.1 to 50 μm. Examples of the coating method include spin coating using a spinner, spray coating using a spray coater, dipping, printing, roll coating, and the like. Next, after prebaking at 60 to 130 ° C. to dry the coating film, actinic radiation is applied to the desired pattern shape. As the actinic radiation, X-rays, electron beams, ultraviolet rays, visible rays and the like can be used, but those having a wavelength of 200 to 500 nm are preferable. Next, a relief pattern is obtained by dissolving and removing the irradiated portion with a developer. Developers include inorganic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and aqueous ammonia, primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propylamine, diethylamine, and di-n. Secondary amines such as propylamine, tertiary amines such as triethylamine and methyldiethylamine, alcohol amines such as dimethylethanolamine and triethanolamine, quaternary ammonium such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide and tetraethylammonium hydroxide An aqueous solution of an alkali such as a salt and an aqueous solution to which an appropriate amount of a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol or a surfactant is added can be preferably used. As a developing method, methods such as spraying, paddle, dipping, and ultrasonic waves are possible. Next, the relief pattern formed by development is rinsed. Distilled water is used as the rinse liquid. Next, heat treatment is performed to form an oxazole ring, and a final pattern with high heat resistance is obtained.
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is useful not only for semiconductor applications, but also as interlayer insulation for multilayer circuits, cover coats for flexible copper-clad plates, solder resist films, liquid crystal alignment films, and the like. In particular, a semiconductor device that is useful for semiconductor applications and has high productivity can be obtained. As a manufacturing method of the semiconductor device, a conventionally known method can be used.
[0033]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
Example 1
* Synthesis of polyamide 443.2 g (0.9 mol) of dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting 1 mol of diphenyl ether-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole And 66.3 g (1.0 mol) of hexafluoro-2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane having a thermometer, a stirrer, a raw material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet pipe It put into the separable flask of a neck, 3000 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added and it was made to melt | dissolve. Thereafter, the mixture was reacted at 75 ° C. for 12 hours using an oil bath.
Next, 32.8 g (0.2 mol) of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride dissolved in 500 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 12 hours to complete the reaction. After filtering the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture was put into a solution of water / methanol = 3/1, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed thoroughly with water, and dried under vacuum to obtain the target polyamide (A-1). Obtained.
[0034]
* Synthesis of photosensitizer 100 parts by weight (0.236 mol) of a phenol compound (P-1) having the structure of the following formula and 177.4 parts by weight (0.661 mol) of 1,2-naphthoquinonediazido 4-sulfonic acid chloride [2.8 mol per mol of phenol compound]) is dissolved in 900 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 66.9 parts by weight (0.661 mol) of triethylamine is added dropwise at 10 ° C. or lower. After reacting at room temperature for 20 hours, the precipitated hydrochloride of triethylamine was removed by filtration and poured into 15 L of ion-exchanged water to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried at room temperature for 48 hours. This is designated as a photosensitive agent (B-1). This photosensitizer was analyzed by HPLC. As a result, the esterified product was 84.2%, the diesterified product was 13.8%, the monoesterified product was 0.8%, and the unreacted product was 1.2%.
Embedded image
Figure 0003682911
[0035]
* Preparation of positive photosensitive resin composition 100 g of synthesized polyamide (A-1) and 25 g of synthesized diazoquinone (B-1) were dissolved in 250 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and then filtered with a 0.2 μm Teflon filter. Filtration was performed to obtain a photosensitive resin composition.
[0036]
* Characteristic evaluation This positive photosensitive resin composition was applied onto a silicon wafer using a spin coater and then dried on a hot plate at 120 ° C. for 4 minutes to obtain a coating film having a thickness of about 5 μm. Was exposed from 100 mJ / cm 2 through a reticle to 700 mJ / cm 2 in increments 10 mJ / cm 2, this coating film to i-line stepper exposing machine NSR-2205i12C (manufactured by Nikon Corporation).
Next, the exposed portion was dissolved and removed by immersing in a 2.38% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution for 40 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water for 30 seconds. As a result, it was confirmed that a pattern was formed from the portion irradiated with an exposure amount of 300 mJ / cm 2 . (Sensitivity is 230 mJ / cm 2 ). The residual film ratio (film thickness after development / film thickness before development × 100) at this time was a very high value of 94.3%. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of scum etc. was not seen.
[0037]
Example 2
In the synthesis of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound in the photosensitive resin composition in Example 1, 100 parts by weight (0.236 mol) of the phenol compound (P-1) and 1,2-naphthoquinonediazido 4-sulfonic acid chloride 202. 7 parts by weight (0.755 mol [3.0 mol to 1 mol of phenol compound]) is dissolved in 900 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 76.4 parts by weight (0.755 mol) of triethylamine is added dropwise at 10 ° C. or less. After reacting at room temperature for 20 hours, the precipitated hydrochloride of triethylamine was removed by filtration and poured into 15 L of ion-exchanged water to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried at room temperature for 48 hours. This is designated as photosensitive agent (B-2). This photosensitizer was analyzed by HPLC. As a result, the esterified product was 89.7%, the diesterified product was 7.3%, the monoesterified product was 2.1%, and the unreacted product was 0.9%.
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that B-1 was changed to B-2 and the addition amount of the component was changed as shown in Table 1.
Example 3
In the synthesis of the polyamide in Example 1, instead of the dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting 1 mol of diphenyl ether-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole, A polyamide (A-2) was synthesized using a dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting 1 mol of diphenylsulfone-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid with 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole. The other evaluations were the same as in Example 1.
Example 4
In the synthesis of the polyamide in Example 1, 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone was used instead of hexafluoro-2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, and the polyamide (A-3) was synthesized and the others were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
Example 5
In the synthesis of polyamide in Example 1, polyamide (A-4) was synthesized using maleic anhydride instead of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. It was.
Example 6
Evaluation similar to Example 1 was performed except that the addition amount of photosensitive diazoquinone compound B-1 in the photosensitive resin composition in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1.
Example 7
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that the addition amount of photosensitive diazoquinone compound B-1 in the photosensitive resin composition in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1.
[0038]
<< Comparative Example 1 >>
In the synthesis of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound in the photosensitive resin composition in Example 1, 100 parts by weight (0.236 mol) of the phenol compound (P-1) and 1,2-naphthoquinonediazido 4-sulfonic acid chloride 142. 6 parts by weight (0.531 mol [2.25 mol to 1 mol of phenol compound]) is dissolved in 900 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 53.7 parts by weight (0.531 mol) of triethylamine is added dropwise at 10 ° C. or lower. After reacting at room temperature for 20 hours, the precipitated hydrochloride of triethylamine was removed by filtration and poured into 15 L of ion-exchanged water to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried at room temperature for 48 hours. This is designated as a photosensitive agent (B-3). This photosensitizer was analyzed by HPLC. As a result, it was found that the esterified product was 47.9%, the diesterified product was 38.7%, the monoesterified product was 11.6%, and the unreacted product was 1.8%.
Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that B-1 was changed to B-3 and the addition amount of the component was changed as shown in Table 1.
<< Comparative Example 2 >>
In the synthesis of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound in the photosensitive resin composition in Example 1, 100 parts by weight (0.236 mol) of the phenol compound (P-1) and 1,2-naphthoquinonediazido 4-sulfonic acid chloride 164. 9 parts by weight (0.614 mol [2.6 mol per mol of phenol compound]) is dissolved in 900 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 62.1 parts by weight (0.614 mol) of triethylamine is added dropwise at 10 ° C. or less. After reacting at room temperature for 20 hours, the precipitated hydrochloride of triethylamine was removed by filtration and poured into 15 L of ion-exchanged water to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried at room temperature for 48 hours. This is designated as a photosensitive agent (B-4). This photosensitizer was analyzed by HPLC. As a result, it was 62.9% triester, 27.9% diester, 7.8% monoester, and 1.4% unreacted product.
Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that B-1 was changed to B-4 and the addition amount of the component was changed as shown in Table 1.
<< Comparative Example 3 >>
In the synthesis of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound in the photosensitive resin composition in Example 1, 100 parts by weight (0.236 mol) of the phenol compound (P-1) and 1,2-naphthoquinonediazido 4-sulfonic acid chloride 202. 7 parts by weight (0.755 mol [3.2 mol to 1 mol of phenol compound]) is dissolved in 900 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and 76.4 parts by weight (0.755 mol) of triethylamine is added dropwise at 10 ° C. or less. After reacting at room temperature for 20 hours, the precipitated hydrochloride of triethylamine was removed by filtration and poured into 15 L of ion-exchanged water to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was collected by filtration and dried at room temperature for 48 hours. This is designated as photosensitive agent (B-5). When this photosensitizer was analyzed by HPLC, it was 99.7% triester and 0.3% diester.
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that B-1 was changed to B-5 and the addition amount of the component was changed as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 shows the evaluation results of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
[0039]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003682911
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a photosensitive agent and a positive photosensitive resin composition that can obtain a pattern with high sensitivity to i-rays and a high residual film ratio and that does not generate scum after development.

Claims (4)

一般式(1)で示されるフェノール化合物1モルに1、2―ナフトキノンジアジド―4―スルホン酸クロライドを仕込みで2.7〜3.0モルを反応させたジアゾキノン誘導体1〜100重量部と一般式(2)で示されるポリアミド100重量部からなることを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003682911
Figure 0003682911
1 to 100 parts by weight of a diazoquinone derivative obtained by reacting 2.7 to 3.0 moles of 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid chloride with 1 mole of a phenol compound represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula A positive photosensitive resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of the polyamide represented by (2).
Figure 0003682911
Figure 0003682911
一般式(2)のポリアミドにおけるXが、下記より選ばれてなる請求項1記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003682911
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1, wherein X in the polyamide of the general formula (2) is selected from the following.
Figure 0003682911
一般式(2)のポリアミドにおけるYが、下記より選ばれてなる請求項1または2記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003682911
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Y in the polyamide of the general formula (2) is selected from the following.
Figure 0003682911
一般式(2)のポリアミドにおけるEが、下記より選ばれてなる請求項1、2または3記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0003682911
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein E in the polyamide of the general formula (2) is selected from the following.
Figure 0003682911
JP32440699A 1999-11-15 1999-11-15 Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device Expired - Fee Related JP3682911B2 (en)

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