JP4019267B2 - Device for collecting suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere - Google Patents

Device for collecting suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4019267B2
JP4019267B2 JP2002337562A JP2002337562A JP4019267B2 JP 4019267 B2 JP4019267 B2 JP 4019267B2 JP 2002337562 A JP2002337562 A JP 2002337562A JP 2002337562 A JP2002337562 A JP 2002337562A JP 4019267 B2 JP4019267 B2 JP 4019267B2
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particulate matter
suspended particulate
electrode
collection
collection container
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JP2004170287A (en
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慎一郎 十時
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Shimadzu Corp
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Shimadzu Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、大気中に存在する浮遊粒子状物質を捕集する装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
大気中に浮遊している粉じんのうち、粒径が10μm以下のものは浮遊粒子状物質(SPM)と称される。この浮遊粒子状物質は、巻き上げられた土なども含まれるが、ディーゼル車が排出する黒鉛や未燃焼燃料、硫黄化合物などが多くを占め(関東地方では35%がディーゼル車からのもの)、これらは有害性もより高いと言われている。このディーゼル車からの排気ガスが原因の粒子状物質は、特にDEPと称される。また、より粒径の小さい2.5μm以下のものは微小粒子状物質(PM2.5)と呼ばれ、欧米では調査・研究が盛んになってきている。このPM2.5の場合、その排出原因はディーゼル車の排ガスである割合がより高くなると言われている。
【0003】
以上のような大気中の浮遊粒子状物質(SPM)や微小粒子状物質(PM2.5)の形状等を調査したり、その粒度分布を計測し、あるいはそこに含まれている化学物質を同定するには、大気中からこれらの粒子状物質を捕集する必要がある。
【0004】
このような大気中の浮遊粒子状物質を捕集する方法は、最も一般的には浮遊粒子状物質をフィルタに捕集する方法である(例えば特許文献1参照)。しかしながら、フィルタに付着した粒子状物質は、単独で抽出することが極めて困難であり、従って顕微鏡により観察するに当たってはフィルタに付着した状態の粒子状物質を観察することになるが、その場合、背景のフィルタ像で粒子の像が不鮮明となり、観察しにくいという問題がある。また、捕集した浮遊粒子状物質を各種化学分析に供する場合においても、フィルタから浮遊粒子状物質を単独で抽出することが困難であることから、機器によってはフィルタに付着した状態で分析を行う必要があり、その場合、例えば蛍光X線分光装置などにおいては粒子のみにX線を照射することが困難となり、実質的に分析不能となってしまうという問題もある。
【0005】
そこで、本発明者は、他と共同して、放電電極と集塵電極を内部に収容した捕集容器内に大気を吸引し、容器内に吸引された浮遊粒子状物質を放電電極からの単極イオンで帯電させ、その帯電した浮遊粒子状物質を、放電電極に対して電位差が与えられた集塵電極に引き寄せて捕集する方法を既に提案している(例えば特願2001−216198号および特願2002−12322号)。
【0006】
このような集塵電極上に電気的に捕集された浮遊粒子状物質は、容易に単体で抽出することが可能であり、顕微鏡観察が容易で、また、各種化学分析機器へのサンプリングが容易となる。更に、レーザ回折・散乱式粒度分布測定装置による粒度分布測定にも容易に供することができるという利点がある。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−50870号公報(第5−第8頁、図1−図3)
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、以上の本発明者らの提案によると、一つの集塵電極に適当量の浮遊粒子状物質を捕集すると、その集塵電極を取り出して各種測定に供するのであるが、例えば連続的ないしは経時的に浮遊粒子状物質を観察する場合には、先の集塵電極を取り出した後に新たに使用前の集塵電極を容器内に配置するといった作業が必要であり、特に長期にわたる浮遊粒子状物質の連続観察においては面倒な作業となる。
【0009】
本発明はこのような実情に鑑みてなされたもので、大気中の浮遊粒子状物質の連続観測等に際して大幅な省力化ないしは無人化を図ることのできる大気中の浮遊粒子状物質の捕集装置の提供を目的としている。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、本発明の大気中の浮遊粒子状物質の捕集装置は、大気中に含まれる浮遊粒子状物質を捕集する装置であって、捕集容器と、その捕集容器内に大気を吸引するポンプと、捕集容器内に配置され、単極イオンを発生して当該容器内の浮遊粒子状物質を帯電させる放電電極と、その放電電極に対して電位差が与えられることにより捕集容器内で帯電した浮遊粒子状物質を引き寄せて捕集する集塵電極と、上記捕集容器を開閉する開閉機構と、その開閉機構により捕集容器を開いた状態で、浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極を使用前の集塵電極と自動的に交換する交換機構を備えているとともに、上記集塵電極は透明板に導電性コーティングをしてなり、かつ、上記捕集容器内で上記放電電極に対向する位置に搭載することにより接地されることによって特徴づけられる(請求項1)。
【0011】
ここで、本発明においては、上記交換機構を、複数の集塵電極を収容する収容機構を含み、捕集容器内で浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極を上記収容機構内に収容し、かつ、その収容機構内にあらかじめ収容されている使用前の集塵電極を捕集容器内に搬送するように構成するとともに、この交換機構および上記開閉機構をあらかじめ設定されている手順のもとに自動的に駆動制御する制御手段を備えた構成(請求項2)を採用することができる。
【0012】
本発明は、基本的には先の提案と同様に、捕集容器内に配置した放電電極により浮遊粒子状物質を帯電させ、これを集塵電極に電気的に引きつける構成を採用するとともに、その集塵電極を自動的に交換することによって所期の目的を達成しようとするものであり、加えて、集塵電極を透明板に導電性コーティングを施したものとすることで、測定作業をも簡素化しようとするものである。
【0013】
すなわち、上記した構成からなる本発明の捕集装置において、大気をポンプにより捕集容器内に吸引し、その捕集容器内に配置された放電電極によって単極イオンを発生させると、その単極イオンは放電電極に対して電位差が与えられている集塵電極に向けて移動し、その過程で、捕集容器内に吸引された大気中に含まれる浮遊粒子状物質に接触し、これを帯電させる。帯電した浮遊粒子状物質は、同じく放電電極に対して電位差が付与されている集塵電極へと移動し、集塵電極上に高い効率のもとに捕集される。
【0014】
所定の時間が経過して適当量の浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した後、開閉機構により捕集容器を開き、その集塵電極を使用前の集塵電極と交換することを繰り返すことによって、連続的に浮遊粒子状物質を捕集することができる。また、集塵電極を透明体に導電性コーティングを施したものとすることで、レーザ回折・散乱式粒度分布測定装置を用いた浮遊粒子状物質の粒度分布測定や、光学顕微鏡による観察を行う場合に、浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極をそのまま測定等に供することが可能となる。
【0015】
請求項2に係る発明のように、複数の集塵電極を収容可能な収容機構を設け、この収容機構に浮遊粒子状物質の捕集前後の集塵電極を入れ換えて収容するように構成し、また、交換機構並びに捕集容器の開閉機構を制御する制御手段を設けることによって、多数の集塵電極を用意しておくだけで、自動的に長時間にわたって連続的に浮遊粒子状物質の捕集が可能となる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照しつつ本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
図1および図2は本発明の実施の形態の構成を示す模式図であり、図1は浮遊粒子状物質Pを捕集している状態を、図2は集塵電極5を交換している状態をそれぞれ示す図である。
【0017】
捕集容器1は、本体部11と底部12とからなり、本体部11に大気の流入口1aが形成されている。また、底部12は開閉機構2によって上下動するように構成されており、この底部12の下降時には図2のように捕集容器1が開いた状態となり、上昇時には図1のように本体部11と底部12が密着し、底部12の周囲に設けられたパッキン等のシール部材12aによって本体部11と底部12とが気密に接合された状態、つまり捕集容器1が閉じた状態となる。また、この底部12には、フレキシブルチューブ12bを介してポンプ3の吸引口に連通する連通口1bが形成されている。従って、底部12を上昇させて捕集容器1を閉じた状態としてポンプ3を駆動することにより、大気が流入口1aを介して捕集容器1内に吸引される。
【0018】
捕集容器1の本体部11の上部には、放電電極4が設けられているとともに、底部12にはその放電電極4に対向するように平板状の集塵電極5が配置されている。放電電極4には高圧電源6からの高電圧が印加される。また、集塵電極5は、支持部材5a上に水平方向に移動自在に搭載され、その搭載状態において接地電位7に接続されるようになっている。集塵電極5は、透明の板材に導電性のコーティング施したものである。
【0019】
捕集容器1に隣接して収納機構8および交換機構9が設けられている。収納機構8は、複数の棚8aを備えた収納箱81と、その収納箱81を上下動させるための移動機構82とからなり、各棚8aのそれぞれに集塵電極5を1枚ずつ収納できるようになっている。また、交換機構は9は、支持体91a,92aによってそれぞれ図中左右方向に移動自在に支持された互いに対向する2本のアーム91,92と、これらの各アーム91,92を個別に移動させる駆動機構91b,92bによって構成されており、これらの各アーム91,92により、後述するように捕集容器1内の集塵電極5を収納箱81内の使用前の集塵電極5と交換することができる。
【0020】
以上の交換機構9の駆動機構91b,92bと、前記した捕集容器1の開閉機構2、収納機構8の移動機構82、ポンプ3および高圧電源6は、制御装置100からの駆動制御信号によって、以下に示すように動作する。
【0021】
捕集容器1内の支持部材5aの上に使用前の集塵電極5を配置した状態で、底部12を上昇させて捕集容器1を閉じた状態で起動指令を与えると、ポンプ3および高圧電源6が駆動を開始する。これにより、大気が捕集容器1内に流入し、放電電極4の周囲の空気が電離して単極イオンが発生し、その単極イオンは、集塵電極5との電位差によって集塵電極5側に向けて移動し、その過程で捕集容器1内に吸引された大気中の浮遊粒子状物質Pと接触してこれを帯電させる。帯電した浮遊粒子状物質Pは、同じく放電電極4と集塵電極5との電位差によって集塵電極5の上面に捕集されていく。このとき、集塵電極5が接地されているので、比較的多量の浮遊粒子状物質Pを捕集しても集塵電極5の電位が変化することがなく、高い効率のもとに浮遊粒子状物質Pを捕集することができる。
【0022】
制御装置100では、以上の駆動状態を所定時間だけ継続した時点で、ポンプ3および高圧電源6の駆動を停止するとともに、開閉機構2を駆動して捕集容器1の底部12を下降させて当該捕集容器1を開く。その状態で、収納機構8の移動機構82を駆動して、捕集容器1内の支持部材5aの表面と収納箱81の空の棚8aの高さを合わせ、次いで交換機構9の駆動機構91b,92bを駆動してアーム91,92により使用済みの集塵電極5を両側から挟み込むように把持して、収納箱81の空の棚8a上に搬送する。次に、収納機構8の移動機構82を再度駆動し、使用前の集塵電極5が載せられている棚8aと支持部材5aの高さを合わせ、使用前の集塵電極5を同じく挟み込むように把持して支持部材5aの上に載せる。これにより、捕集容器1内の支持部材5a上の集塵電極5が使用前のものに交換されたことになる。
【0023】
その後、各アーム91,92を離脱させた後、捕集容器1の底部12を上昇させて当該捕集容器1を閉じ、ポンプ3および高圧電源6を駆動する。この動作を繰り返し行うことにより、大気中の浮遊粒子状物質を連続的に捕集することができ、収納箱81の棚8aの数を多くしてこれらの各棚8aに使用前の集塵電極5をそれぞれ収納しておくことにより、長時間にわたって無人運転のもとに連続的に大気中の浮遊粒子状物質を捕集することが可能となる。
【0024】
なお、以上の実施の形態においては、捕集容器1内の使用済の集塵電極5と収納箱81内の棚8a上に収納されている使用前の集塵電極5とを、2本のアーム91,92によって交換する例を述べたが、交換機構8としては他の公知の機構を採用し得ることは勿論である。
【0025】
また、以上の捕集装置と、例えばレーザ回折・散乱式の粒度分布測定装置とを組み合わせるとともに、そのレーザ回折・散乱式の粒度分布測定装置の測定部位に使用済みの集塵電極5を搬送する機構を設けることにより、連続して捕集した浮遊粒子状物質の粒度分布を自動的に測定するシステムを構築することができる。この場合、集塵電極5として、透明の板材に導電性のコーティングを施したものを用いているので、その表面に浮遊粒子状物質Pを捕集した集塵電極5に対して直接的にレーザ光を照射することによって浮遊粒子状物質Pによる回折・散乱光の空間強度分布を測定することができ、装置構成を簡素化することが可能となる。
【0026】
更に、透明板の表面に導電性コーティングを施した集塵電極5を用いているため、レーザ回折・散乱式の粒度分布測定装置に代えて、光学顕微鏡により直接的に浮遊粒子状物質Pを観察することができることから、光学顕微鏡の試料台上に使用済みの集塵電極5を搬送する機構を設けるとともに、光学顕微鏡としてカメラ付でそのシャッターを自動的に駆動できるものを用いれば、大気中の浮遊粒子状物質の数や形状等の時間的な推移を連続的に観察するシステムを構築することができる。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、捕集容器内に大気を吸引し、その大気中に含まれる浮遊粒子状物質を、捕集容器内に設けた放電電極によって帯電させて集塵電極上に電気的に捕集するとともに、適当量ないしは一定時間にわたって浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極を、自動的に使用前の集塵電極と交換することができるので、大気中の浮遊粒子状物質を連続観察するような用途において大幅な省力化および無人化を達成することができ、浮遊粒子状物質の時系列的変化を捕らえることができる。また、粒子の測定装置を組み込むことによって、大気中の浮遊粒子状物質のリアルタイムでの自動連続測定と監視が可能となる。
【0028】
しかも、集塵電極として透明板に導電性コーティングを施したものを用いているので、捕集した浮遊粒子状物質をレーザ回折・散乱式粒度分布測定装置により測定したり、光学顕微鏡で捕集した浮遊粒子状物質を観察する場合には、浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極をそのまま測定ないしは観察に供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施の形態の構成を示す模式図で、浮遊粒子状物質を捕集している状態を示す図である。
【図2】 同じく本発明の実施の形態の構成を示す模式図で、集塵電極を交換している状態を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 捕集容器
1a 流入口
1b 連通口
11 本体部
12 底部
2 開閉機構
3 ポンプ
4 放電電極
5 集塵電極
5a 支持部材
6 高圧電源
7 接地電位
8 収納機構
81 収納箱
82 移動機構
9 交換機構
91,92 アーム
91b,92b 駆動機構
100 制御装置
P 浮遊粒子状物質
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for collecting suspended particulate matter present in the atmosphere.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Of the dust suspended in the atmosphere, those having a particle size of 10 μm or less are called suspended particulate matter (SPM). This suspended particulate matter includes rolled-up soil, etc., but most of them are graphite, unburned fuel, and sulfur compounds emitted by diesel vehicles (35% in the Kanto region are from diesel vehicles). Is said to be more harmful. Particulate matter caused by exhaust gas from this diesel vehicle is particularly referred to as DEP. In addition, those having a smaller particle diameter of 2.5 μm or less are called microparticulate substances (PM2.5), and research and research are actively conducted in the West. In the case of this PM2.5, it is said that the ratio of exhaust gas from diesel vehicles becomes higher.
[0003]
Investigate the shape of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and microparticulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere as described above, measure the particle size distribution, or identify the chemical substances contained therein to you, it is necessary to collect these particulates from the atmosphere.
[0004]
Such a method for collecting suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere is most commonly a method for collecting suspended particulate matter on a filter (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, it is extremely difficult to extract the particulate matter adhering to the filter alone. Therefore, when observing with a microscope, the particulate matter attached to the filter is observed. In this filter image, the particle image becomes unclear and difficult to observe. In addition, even when the collected suspended particulate matter is subjected to various chemical analyses, it is difficult to extract the suspended particulate matter alone from the filter. In this case, for example, in an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, it is difficult to irradiate only the particles with X-rays, and there is a problem that the analysis becomes substantially impossible.
[0005]
In view of this, the present inventor, in cooperation with others, sucks the atmosphere into a collection container in which the discharge electrode and the dust collection electrode are housed, and removes the suspended particulate matter sucked into the container from the discharge electrode. There has already been proposed a method of charging with polar ions and attracting and collecting the charged suspended particulate matter to a dust collecting electrode to which a potential difference is given to the discharge electrode (for example, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2001-216198 and 2001). Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-12322).
[0006]
The suspended particulate matter electrically collected on such a dust collection electrode can be easily extracted as a single substance, easily observed under a microscope, and easily sampled into various chemical analysis instruments. It becomes. Furthermore, there is an advantage that the particle size distribution can be easily measured by a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-50870 (Page 5-8, FIGS. 1-3)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, according to the above proposal by the present inventors, when an appropriate amount of suspended particulate matter is collected in one dust collecting electrode, the dust collecting electrode is taken out and used for various measurements. When observing suspended particulate matter over time, it is necessary to take out the previous dust collection electrode and place a new dust collection electrode before use in the container. This is a tedious task for continuous observation of substances.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a device for collecting suspended particulate matter in the air that can achieve significant labor savings or unmanned operation in continuous observation of suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere. The purpose is to provide.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus for collecting suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere of the present invention is a device for collecting suspended particulate matter contained in the atmosphere. A pump that sucks air into the container, a discharge electrode that is disposed in the collection container and generates unipolar ions to charge suspended particulate matter in the container, and a potential difference is given to the discharge electrode The dust collection electrode that attracts and collects the suspended particulate matter charged in the collection container, the opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the collection container, and the collection container that is opened by the opening and closing mechanism the dust collecting electrode to collect the Jo material with comprises an exchange mechanism for automatically exchange the previous dust collecting electrode used, the dust collecting electrode is made by a conductive coating on the transparent plate, and the catching Mounted in a collection container at a position facing the discharge electrode It characterized by being grounded by the (claim 1).
[0011]
Here, in the present invention, the exchange mechanism includes an accommodating mechanism that accommodates a plurality of dust collecting electrodes, and the dust collecting electrode that collects the suspended particulate matter in the collecting container is accommodated in the accommodating mechanism. In addition, the dust collection electrode before use, which is stored in advance in the storage mechanism, is configured to be transported into the collection container, and the exchange mechanism and the opening / closing mechanism are operated in accordance with a predetermined procedure. It is possible to adopt a configuration (Claim 2) provided with a control means for automatically controlling driving.
[0012]
The present invention basically employs a structure in which suspended particulate matter is charged by a discharge electrode arranged in a collection vessel and electrically attracted to a dust collection electrode, as in the previous proposal, all SANYO to be achieved the desired objects by automatically replace the dust collecting electrode, in addition, by those subjected to conductive coating on the transparent plate collection electrode, the measuring operation Ru der but also trying to simplify.
[0013]
That is, in the collection device of the present invention having the above-described configuration, when the atmosphere is sucked into a collection container by a pump and single electrode ions are generated by the discharge electrode disposed in the collection container, the single electrode Ions move toward the dust collection electrode, which has a potential difference with respect to the discharge electrode. In the process, the ions come into contact with suspended particulate matter contained in the air sucked into the collection container and charge it. Let The charged suspended particulate matter moves to a dust collecting electrode that is similarly given a potential difference to the discharge electrode, and is collected on the dust collecting electrode with high efficiency.
[0014]
After collecting the appropriate amount of suspended particulate matter after a predetermined time, the collection container is opened by an open / close mechanism, and the dust collection electrode is replaced with the dust collection electrode before use. It is possible to collect suspended particulate matter. In addition, when the dust collection electrode is a transparent body with a conductive coating, particle size distribution measurement of suspended particulate matter using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement device and observation with an optical microscope In addition, the dust collection electrode that collects the suspended particulate matter can be directly used for measurement and the like.
[0015]
As in the invention according to claim 2, a storage mechanism capable of storing a plurality of dust collection electrodes is provided, and the storage mechanism is configured to replace and store the dust collection electrodes before and after the collection of the suspended particulate matter, In addition, by providing a control means for controlling the exchange mechanism and the opening / closing mechanism of the collection container, it is possible to automatically collect suspended particulate matter continuously over a long period of time simply by preparing a large number of dust collection electrodes. Is possible.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 are schematic views showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state where suspended particulate matter P is collected, and FIG. 2 shows that the dust collecting electrode 5 is replaced. It is a figure which shows a state, respectively.
[0017]
The collection container 1 includes a main body portion 11 and a bottom portion 12, and an air inlet 1 a is formed in the main body portion 11. The bottom portion 12 is configured to move up and down by the opening / closing mechanism 2. When the bottom portion 12 is lowered, the collection container 1 is opened as shown in FIG. 2, and when the bottom portion 12 is raised, the main body portion 11 is placed as shown in FIG. And the bottom portion 12 are in close contact with each other, and the main body portion 11 and the bottom portion 12 are hermetically joined by a seal member 12a such as packing provided around the bottom portion 12, that is, the collection container 1 is closed. The bottom 12 is formed with a communication port 1b that communicates with the suction port of the pump 3 through the flexible tube 12b. Therefore, by driving the pump 3 with the bottom 12 raised to close the collection container 1, the atmosphere is sucked into the collection container 1 through the inflow port 1a.
[0018]
A discharge electrode 4 is provided on the upper portion of the main body 11 of the collection container 1, and a flat dust collection electrode 5 is disposed on the bottom 12 so as to face the discharge electrode 4. A high voltage from a high voltage power source 6 is applied to the discharge electrode 4. The dust collecting electrode 5 is mounted on the support member 5a so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, and is connected to the ground potential 7 in the mounted state. The dust collecting electrode 5 is obtained by applying a conductive coating to a transparent plate material.
[0019]
A storage mechanism 8 and an exchange mechanism 9 are provided adjacent to the collection container 1. The storage mechanism 8 includes a storage box 81 having a plurality of shelves 8a and a moving mechanism 82 for moving the storage box 81 up and down, and can store one dust collecting electrode 5 on each of the shelves 8a. It is like that. Further, the exchange mechanism 9 individually moves two arms 91 and 92 facing each other, which are supported by the support bodies 91a and 92a so as to be movable in the left-right direction in the figure, and the arms 91 and 92 individually. It comprises drive mechanisms 91b and 92b, and exchanges the dust collection electrode 5 in the collection container 1 with the dust collection electrode 5 before use in the storage box 81 by these each arm 91 and 92 so that it may mention later. be able to.
[0020]
The drive mechanisms 91b and 92b of the exchange mechanism 9 described above, the opening / closing mechanism 2 of the collection container 1, the moving mechanism 82 of the storage mechanism 8, the pump 3 and the high-voltage power supply 6 are determined by a drive control signal from the control device 100. It operates as shown below.
[0021]
When a start command is given in a state where the bottom 12 is raised and the collection container 1 is closed with the dust collection electrode 5 before use disposed on the support member 5a in the collection container 1, the pump 3 and the high pressure The power source 6 starts driving. Thus, atmospheric air inflows city into collection container 1, the discharge air around the electrode 4 is ionized unipolar ions are generated, the unipolar ions, dust collecting electrodes by a potential difference between the dust collecting electrode 5 It moves toward the side 5 and in contact with the suspended particulate matter P in the atmosphere sucked into the collection container 1 in the process, it is charged. Similarly, the charged suspended particulate matter P is collected on the upper surface of the dust collection electrode 5 by the potential difference between the discharge electrode 4 and the dust collection electrode 5. At this time, since the dust collecting electrode 5 is grounded, the potential of the dust collecting electrode 5 does not change even if a relatively large amount of the suspended particulate matter P is collected, and the suspended particles are highly efficient. The particulate matter P can be collected.
[0022]
In the control device 100, when the above driving state is continued for a predetermined time, the driving of the pump 3 and the high-voltage power source 6 is stopped, and the opening / closing mechanism 2 is driven to lower the bottom 12 of the collection container 1 to Open the collection container 1. In this state, the moving mechanism 82 of the storage mechanism 8 is driven so that the surface of the support member 5a in the collection container 1 matches the height of the empty shelf 8a of the storage box 81, and then the drive mechanism 91b of the exchange mechanism 9 , 92b is driven, and the used dust collecting electrode 5 is held by the arms 91, 92 so as to be sandwiched from both sides, and is conveyed onto the empty shelf 8a of the storage box 81. Next, the moving mechanism 82 of the storage mechanism 8 is driven again so that the height of the shelf 8a on which the dust collection electrode 5 before use is placed and the support member 5a are matched, and the dust collection electrode 5 before use is sandwiched in the same manner. And is placed on the support member 5a. Thereby, the dust collection electrode 5 on the support member 5a in the collection container 1 is replaced with the one before use.
[0023]
Thereafter, after the arms 91 and 92 are detached, the bottom 12 of the collection container 1 is raised to close the collection container 1, and the pump 3 and the high-voltage power supply 6 are driven. By repeating this operation, suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere can be continuously collected, and the number of shelves 8a of the storage box 81 is increased, and the dust collection electrodes before use are placed on these shelves 8a. By storing 5 respectively, it becomes possible to continuously collect suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere under unmanned operation for a long time.
[0024]
In the above embodiment, the used dust collection electrode 5 in the collection container 1 and the dust collection electrode 5 before use stored on the shelf 8a in the storage box 81 are divided into two pieces. Although an example of exchanging with the arms 91 and 92 has been described, it is needless to say that another known mechanism can be adopted as the exchanging mechanism 8.
[0025]
Further, the above collection device is combined with, for example, a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device, and the used dust collecting electrode 5 is transported to a measurement site of the laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device. By providing a mechanism, it is possible to construct a system that automatically measures the particle size distribution of suspended particulate matter collected continuously. In this case, the dust collecting electrode 5 is made of a transparent plate coated with a conductive coating, so that the laser is directly applied to the dust collecting electrode 5 that collects the suspended particulate matter P on the surface thereof. By irradiating the light, the spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light by the suspended particulate matter P can be measured, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
[0026]
Furthermore, the use of the dust collecting electrode 5 subjected to the conductive coating on the surface of the permeable Akiraban, instead of the particle size distribution measuring apparatus of laser diffraction-scattering type, a directly suspended particulate matter P by an optical microscope Since it can be observed, a mechanism for transporting the used dust collecting electrode 5 is provided on the sample stage of the optical microscope, and an optical microscope with a camera that can automatically drive the shutter can be used in the atmosphere. It is possible to construct a system that continuously observes the temporal transition of the number and shape of suspended particulate matter.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the atmosphere is sucked into the collection container, and the suspended particulate matter contained in the atmosphere is charged by the discharge electrode provided in the collection container to be In addition, the dust collection electrode that collects the suspended particulate matter for an appropriate amount or for a certain time can be automatically replaced with the dust collection electrode before use. In applications such as continuous observation of particulate matter, significant labor savings and unmanned operation can be achieved, and time-series changes in suspended particulate matter can be captured. In addition, by incorporating a particle measuring device, automatic continuous measurement and monitoring in real time of suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere becomes possible.
[0028]
In addition, since a transparent plate with a conductive coating is used as a dust collection electrode, the collected suspended particulate matter was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device or collected with an optical microscope. When observing suspended particulate matter, the dust collecting electrode that collects suspended particulate matter can be used for measurement or observation as it is.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which suspended particulate matter is collected.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram that similarly shows the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the dust collecting electrode is replaced.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Collection container 1a Inflow port 1b Communication port 11 Main body part 12 Bottom part 2 Opening-closing mechanism 3 Pump 4 Discharge electrode 5 Dust collection electrode 5a Support member 6 High voltage power supply 7 Grounding potential 8 Storage mechanism 81 Storage box 82 Moving mechanism 9 Exchange mechanism 91 92 Arm 91b, 92b Drive mechanism 100 Control device P Suspended particulate matter

Claims (2)

大気中に含まれる浮遊粒子状物質を捕集する装置であって、捕集容器と、その捕集容器内に大気を吸引するポンプと、捕集容器内に配置され、単極イオンを発生して当該容器内の浮遊粒子状物質を帯電させる放電電極と、その放電電極に対して電位差が与えられることにより捕集容器内で帯電した浮遊粒子状物質を引き寄せて捕集する集塵電極と、上記捕集容器を開閉する開閉機構と、その開閉機構により捕集容器を開いた状態で、浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極を使用前の集塵電極と自動的に交換する交換機構を備えているとともに、上記集塵電極は透明板に導電性コーティングをしてなり、かつ、上記捕集容器内で上記放電電極に対向する位置に搭載することにより接地されることを特徴とする浮遊粒子状物質の捕集装置。An apparatus for collecting suspended particulate matter contained in the atmosphere, which is disposed in a collection container, a pump that sucks air into the collection container, and generates a monopolar ion. A discharge electrode for charging the suspended particulate matter in the container, a dust collection electrode for attracting and collecting the suspended particulate matter charged in the collection container by applying a potential difference to the discharge electrode, An open / close mechanism that opens and closes the collection container, and an exchange mechanism that automatically replaces the dust collection electrode that collects suspended particulate matter with the dust collection electrode before use while the collection container is opened by the open / close mechanism. And the dust collecting electrode has a conductive coating on a transparent plate, and is grounded by being mounted at a position facing the discharge electrode in the collecting container. A collection device for suspended particulate matter. 上記交換機構は、複数の集塵電極を収容する収容機構を含み、捕集容器内で浮遊粒子状物質を捕集した集塵電極を上記収容機構内に収容し、かつ、その収容機構内にあらかじめ収容されている使用前の集塵電極を捕集容器内に搬送するよう構成されているとともに、この交換機構および上記開閉機構をあらかじめ設定されている手順のもとに自動的に駆動制御する制御手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の大気中の浮遊粒子状物質の捕集装置。  The exchange mechanism includes a storage mechanism that stores a plurality of dust collection electrodes, and stores the dust collection electrode that collects suspended particulate matter in a collection container in the storage mechanism, and in the storage mechanism. It is configured to transport the pre-use dust collection electrode stored in advance into the collection container, and automatically controls the exchange mechanism and the opening / closing mechanism according to a preset procedure. The apparatus for collecting suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere according to claim 1, further comprising a control means.
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