JP3758602B2 - Measuring device for pollen in the atmosphere - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
The present invention is related to measurement device pollen floating in the air.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with an increase in various hay fever, information about pollen floating in the atmosphere is becoming important. The cause of hay fever is mainly pollen of cedar and cypress, and these pollens are approximately spherical with a diameter of about 30 to 50 μm.
[0003]
As a method of collecting and measuring pollen floating in the atmosphere, the slide glass with a sticky substance such as petrolatum applied to the surface of the slide is left in the atmosphere and the pollen in the atmosphere is allowed to settle naturally. A method of measuring the shape, size, number, type, etc. of the pollen deposited on the glass surface and observing with a microscope is used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the conventional collection method in which pollen floating in the air naturally settles and adheres to the surface of the slide glass, not only the time required for the collection becomes, for example, 24 hours, There is a problem that the amount collected per unit time depends on the influence of wind and the like, and the amount collected does not represent the amount of pollen actually present in the atmosphere.
[0005]
In addition, in the method of observing pollen collected in this way with a microscope, it is easy to specify the shape and type, but as described above, the collected pollen is affected by wind and the like. There is a problem that it cannot be information about all pollen floating in the atmosphere. Furthermore, in the method of measuring the size, number, etc. by observing with a microscope in this way, it is necessary to measure and accumulate the individual pollen diameters in order to measure the particle size distribution of the pollen. There is a problem that there is.
[0006]
But the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, capable of pollen floating in the air without being affected by wind or the like is reliably collected to measure the particle size distribution easily and accurately It is the object of the present invention to provide a measurement equipment.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a pollen measuring device of the present invention is a device for measuring pollen floating in the atmosphere, and includes a collection container, a pump for sucking air into the collection container, A discharge electrode that is disposed in a collecting container and generates unipolar ions to charge pollen contained in the atmosphere sucked into the container; and a transparent material, and a potential difference is given to the discharge electrode. A laser beam is applied to a collecting device including a dust collecting electrode for attracting and collecting charged pollen in the collecting container, and a dust collecting electrode to which the pollen collected by driving the collecting device is attached. calculation for calculating an illumination light science system, a measuring optical system for measuring the spatial intensity distribution of diffracted and scattered light from the pollen of the laser beam, the particle size distribution of the pollen collected on the dust collecting electrode from the measurement result characterized by that it comprises a means It is.
[0008]
The present invention electrically collects pollen in the atmosphere, and without being affected by wind, the entire amount of pollen contained in the atmosphere sucked into the container by a pump can be obtained in a short time. It makes it possible to collect, and characteristics of the collecting device, taking advantage of the characteristics of the laser diffraction-scattering particle size distribution measuring device, to measure accurately and rapidly the particle size distribution of pollen floating in the air and makes it possible.
[0009]
That is, in the present invention, first, in a collection device used for collecting pollen to be measured , air is sucked into a collection container by a pump, and unipolar ions are discharged from a discharge electrode arranged in the collection container. When pollen is generated, pollen contained in the atmosphere is charged. This charged pollen goes to the dust collection electrode where a potential difference is given to the discharge electrode in the collection container, and is collected on the dust collection electrode. In this way, by charging the pollen in the collection container and collecting it on the dust collection electrode, it is possible to collect almost the entire amount of pollen contained in the atmosphere sucked into the collection container, The collection result can be an amount that represents the amount of pollen actually present in the atmosphere per unit volume in relation to the amount of air sucked into the collection container without being affected by wind or the like.
[0010]
In the present invention, the pollen collected as described above, and therefore almost the entire amount of pollen contained in the air sucked into the container, is measured by dry measurement using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device. Measure the particle size distribution. Thereby, the particle size distribution of the pollen which floats in air | atmosphere can be measured correctly.
[0011]
Here, the laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device measures the spatial intensity distribution of diffracted / scattered light obtained when a group of particles in a dispersed state is irradiated with laser light, and the light intensity distribution is Based on the scattering theory or the Fraunhofer diffraction theory, the particle size distribution of the particle group to be measured is obtained from the measurement result of the spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light by calculation based on the Mie scattering theory or the Fraunhofer diffraction theory. According to this laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device, by setting the concentration of the particles to be measured in the dispersion medium to an appropriate range, a wide particle size range including a diameter of 30 to 50 μm found in various types of pollen described above. The particle size distribution can be obtained quickly and accurately with high resolution.
[0012]
However, even if it is intended to measure diffraction / scattered light by directly irradiating pollen floating in the air in the natural state, the concentration is too low, so that sufficient diffraction / Scattered light cannot be obtained.
[0013]
Therefore, in the present invention, pollen floating in the atmosphere is electrically collected on a dust collection electrode made of a transparent material using the collection device described above . At this time, pollen is in a state of being uniformly dispersed on the surface of the dust collecting electrode, and is diffracted by irradiating the laser beam with pollen attached in a concentration range suitable for laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement. -Irradiate the spatial intensity distribution of scattered light. Thus, the original high resolution particle size distribution of the various pollen in a wide size range can be measure accurately.
[0014]
Here, so as not to drop the flour collected on the surface of the dust collecting electrode made of a transparent material rests in a dispersed state may be covered with a glass plate on the surface of the dust-collecting electrodes, the dust-collecting electrodes and Laser light may be irradiated with pollen sandwiched between glass plates, and diffracted / scattered light from pollen may be measured .
[0015]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating a schematic diagram representing an optical and mechanical configuration and a block diagram representing an electrical configuration.
[0016]
A collection container 1 having an openable / closable lid 1a is formed with an air inlet 1b and a communication port 1c to a suction port of a pump (collecting compressor) 2. The lid 1a is closed. In the state, the air is sucked into the collection container 1 through the inlet 1b by driving the pump 2. In the collection container 1, a discharge electrode 3 is provided at an upper portion thereof, and a dust collection electrode 4 is disposed at a lower portion thereof so as to face the discharge electrode 3. A high voltage is applied to the discharge electrode 3 by the high-voltage power supply 5, whereby the air in the vicinity of the discharge electrode 3 is ionized to generate unipolar ions.
[0017]
On the other hand, the dust collecting electrode 4 is connected to the ground potential 6 in this example. Due to the potential difference between the dust collecting electrode 4 and the discharge electrode 3, monopolar ions move toward the dust collecting electrode 4, and in the process It comes into contact with pollen P contained in the atmosphere in 1 and is charged. Similarly, the charged pollen P moves toward the dust collecting electrode 4 due to the potential difference between the discharge electrode 3 and the dust collecting electrode 4 and is collected on the dust collecting electrode 4. The dust collection electrode 4 is a transparent member as a whole formed by coating a transparent electrode on at least the surface of a glass plate or a transparent resin plate.
[0018]
The above-described collection container 1, pump 2, discharge electrode 3, high-voltage power supply 5, dust collection electrode 4, and ground potential 6 constitute a pollen P collection device 10. According to this collection device 10, almost all of the pollen P contained in the atmosphere sucked into the collection container 1 can be efficiently collected on the dust collection electrode 4 without being affected by wind or the like. .
[0019]
In order to prevent pollen from falling, the transparent dust collecting electrode 4 with pollen P collected on the surface is in a state where the pollen P is sandwiched using a transparent plate 41 such as glass as necessary. The laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device 20 is disposed at the measurement site.
[0020]
Les chromatography The diffraction-scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus 20, the irradiation optical system 22 for irradiating a laser beam to the dust collecting electrode 4 disposed in the measurement portion was collected pollen P as described above, the Sampled by a measurement optical system 23 that measures the spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light of the laser light from the irradiation optical system 22, a data sampling circuit 24 that samples the output of the measurement optical system 23, and the data sampling circuit 24. The computer 25 is mainly configured to calculate the particle size distribution of the particles collected on the dust collecting electrode 4 using the spatial intensity distribution data of the diffracted / scattered light.
[0021]
The irradiation optical system 22 includes a laser light source 22a, a condensing lens 22b, a spatial filter 22c, and a collimating lens 22d, and irradiates the flow cell 21 with the laser light output from the laser light source 22a as a parallel light beam. The laser light applied to the flow cell 21 is diffracted and scattered by the pollen P in the medium L flowing inside. The spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light is measured by the measurement optical system 23.
[0022]
The measurement optical system 23 includes a condensing lens 23a and a ring detector 23b arranged on the optical axis of the irradiation optical system 22 with the dust collecting electrode 4 at the measurement site interposed therebetween, and a wide-angle scattered light scattered forward. The sensor group 23c is configured by a side / backscattered light sensor group 23d disposed on the side and back of the dust collecting electrode 4 on the measurement site (on the irradiation optical system 22 side). The ring detector 23b is a photosensor array in which photosensors having ring-shaped, ½-ring or ¼-ring-shaped light receiving surfaces with different radii are arranged concentrically, and condensed by a condenser lens 23a. The intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light within a predetermined forward angle can be detected. Therefore, the spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light by the pollen P dispersed in the liquid medium L in the flow cell 21 is measured in a wide range from the front minute angle to the rear by the measurement optical system 23 including these sensor groups. Measured.
[0023]
The light intensity detection signal for each diffraction / scattering angle by the measurement optical system 23 is amplified by a data sampling circuit 24 having a respective amplifier and AD converter, digitized, It is taken into the computer 25 as spatial intensity distribution data of scattered light.
[0024]
The computer 25 uses the spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light to diffract the laser light by a calculation method based on Mie's scattering theory and Fraunhofer's diffraction theory known in laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measurement. The particle size distribution of pollen P, which is the cause particle that has been scattered, is calculated.
[0025]
In the above configuration, the total amount of air sent into the collection container 1 can be grasped from the flow rate per unit time of the pump 2 and its driving time, and the total amount of air sent into the collection container 1 can be appropriately determined. By setting to, the concentration of the pollen P collected and dispersed on the dust collecting electrode 4 can be set to such an extent that the spatial intensity distribution of diffracted / scattered light can be sufficiently measured by the measurement optical system 22. . Thereby, the particle size distribution of the pollen P can be measured with high resolution in a wide particle size range by the laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device 20.
[0026]
In addition, after a predetermined amount of air is sucked into the collection container 1 to collect pollen P on the dust collection electrode 4 as described above, the particle size distribution is obtained by the laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device 20. If the same measurement is repeatedly performed at regular intervals on the pollen P newly collected on the dust collection electrode 4 in the collection container 1, the state of pollen continuously floating in the atmosphere can be obtained. Can be monitored.
[0027]
Furthermore, if the total amount of air sent into the collection container 1 in each measurement operation is constant, the absolute intensity of the diffracted / scattered light obtained in each measurement correlates with the concentration of pollen P in the atmosphere. The change with time of the concentration of pollen P in the atmosphere can be monitored from the change in absolute intensity.
[0028]
In the present invention, there Runode used as constituted by a transparent member as the dust collecting electrode 4, an advantage that the pollen P which is collected on the collection electrode can be directly subjected to microscopic observation. And since the pollen contained in the air sucked in the collection container 1 is collected almost on the dust collecting electrode 4 of the collection device 10, the observation result by the microscope is in the atmosphere. It accurately represents the entire information of the pollen P floating on the surface.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to this onset bright, first, the discharge electrodes and the dust collection electrode air sucked in arranged collection container, the dust collecting electrode is charged pollen contained in that atmosphere Because it collects in the air, it will float in the atmosphere quickly and stably, without being affected by wind, etc., compared to the conventional collection method of collecting on a glass plate by natural fall. Sampling that represents pollen can be performed.
[0030]
Then, the pollen collected in this way and attached to the transparent dust collecting electrode is subjected to dry measurement using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device , that is, the dust collecting electrode to which pollen is attached is left as it is, or The pollen particle size distribution can be obtained by measuring the spatial intensity distribution of the diffracted / scattered light by irradiating the laser beam and placing it on the measurement part of the laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device with the pollen sandwiched between glass plates. Therefore, the particle size distribution of pollen floating in the air can be measured quickly and accurately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating a schematic diagram showing a mechanical configuration and a block diagram showing an electrical configuration.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Collection container 2 Pump 3 Discharge electrode 4 Dust collection electrode 41 Transparent plate 5 High voltage power supply 6 Ground potential 10 Collection apparatus 20 Laser diffraction and scattering type particle size distribution measurement apparatus 22 Irradiation optical system 23 Measurement optical system 24 Data sampling circuit 25 Computer P pollen

Claims (1)

An apparatus for measuring pollen floating in the atmosphere, which is disposed in a collection container, a pump that sucks air in the collection container, and in the collection container to generate unipolar ions. A discharge electrode for charging pollen contained in the air sucked into the air, and a dust collection electrode made of a transparent material and attracting and collecting the pollen charged in the collection container by applying a potential difference to the discharge electrode. A collection device, an irradiation optical system for irradiating a dust collecting electrode to which pollen collected by driving the collection device is attached, and a space of diffraction / scattered light by the pollen of the laser beam A pollen measuring apparatus comprising: a measuring optical system for measuring an intensity distribution; and an arithmetic means for calculating a particle size distribution of the pollen collected on the dust collecting electrode from the measurement result .

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