JP3928168B2 - Method for artificial cultivation of hon-shimeji, beech-shimeji or eringi - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating hon-shimeji, beech shimeji, or eringi among shimeji mushrooms, in which a cultivation bottle is housed in a container and artificially cultivated .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, artificial cultivation of shimeji mushrooms uses a wide-mouth bottle shape and a synthetic resin-made cultivation bottle, filled with a culture medium such as large sawdust, and sterilization, inoculation, hypha culture, and germination growth, It is carried out under environmental conditions suitable for each, grown to a size suitable for shipping, and harvested.
[0003]
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, this type of conventional cultivation uses a wide-mouth bottle 1 having a diameter D 2 of the neck 2 smaller than a diameter D 1 of the body 1, and this is used for 12 to 16 in one container 2. It is housed, passed through various processes until growth, grown into a strain of about 150 g to 200 g, and harvested.
[0004]
At the time of shipment, there are cases where each stock of the size as harvested is packaged, but in many cases, it is divided into a size of about 100 g according to the demands of the seller, and provided to consumers. ing. However, splitting and packaging the harvested shimeji stocks has problems such as damage to the mushrooms and loss of shelf life, and a lot of manpower for splitting operations.
[0005]
In order to solve such problems, the inventors have cultivated strains with a size of about 100 g, demanded by consumers, packed them without dividing them one by one, and provided them to consumers. Developed a cultivation method that uses a barrel-shaped cultivation bottle close to a bottomed cylindrical shape, with the trunk part made thinner than conventional cultivation bottles, and the size of the trunk part and the opening is not so different.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if cultivating shimeji mushrooms with such a trunk-shaped cultivation bottle is carried out with a large number of containers housed in a single container as in the prior art, appropriate conditions such as hyphal culture and growth cannot be obtained. Problems have arisen.
[0007]
In view of such a situation, the invention is made for the purpose of providing a cultivation method suitable for cultivating shimeji mushrooms using the above-described trunk-shaped cultivation bottle.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The feature of the present invention for solving the conventional problems as described above and achieving the intended purpose is that a large number of cultivation bottles are arranged upright in a flat dish-like container, and a culture medium is filled in each cultivation bottle. In sterilization, inoculation, inoculation, hypha culture, hon-shimeji mushroom , beech shimeji or eringi artificial cultivation method ,
[0009]
To narrow the trunk, use a long bottle-shaped cultivation bottle close to a bottomed cylindrical shape that is not so different in size between the trunk and the opening, and at least the bottom plate of the container to ensure air permeability Using a thing with many opening parts penetrated up and down, the operation | work until the said seed | inoculation inoculation arranged the cultivation bottle in the said container in the 6-row arrangement | positioning in 6 rows as a row, and the trunk | drum was mutually contacted. performed in a state prior to mycelia culturing, the container, extracting four cultivation bottles of the central portion, housed in the culture chamber in a state where the extraction unit is stacked in multiple stages so that the cavity communicates with the upper and lower Cultivate mycelium for a certain period , and after the mycelial culture, insert the cultivation bottles of other containers that have been subjected to mycelial cultivation at the same time into the cultivation bottle extraction space in the center of the container, and remove the mycelia before the mycelial culture. Is to do.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
In the figure, 10 shows an example of a cultivation bottle used in this method, which is a bottomed cylinder in which the trunk is made thinner than a conventional cultivation bottle and the size of the trunk and the opening are not so different. It has a body length that is close to the shape of the body, and has a body diameter D1 of 67 mm, a height T1 of 153 mm, a neck diameter D2, that is, an opening diameter of 55 mm, and a height T2 of 22 mm. .
[0012]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a container used in the present method, and the container 11 is arranged such that the above-described cultivation bottles 10 are arranged with the trunk portions in contact with each other in six vertical and horizontal directions, and around the mesh-like bottom plate 12. A rising portion 13 having a height of about half that of the cultivation bottle 10 is formed integrally with each other and is placed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 12 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. A number of protrusions 14 and 14 for preventing the fall are provided so that the cultivation bottles 10, 10.
[0013]
Next, this method using these cultivation bottle 10 and container 11 is demonstrated in order.
1. Filling of culture medium In the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, 36 cultivation bottles 10 that can be accommodated in the container 11 are stood up and accommodated, and this is moved below the culture medium filling machine 16 by the conveyor 15 as shown in FIG. 5. The culture medium 17 in which large sawdust, corn cob and other materials are appropriately selected and mixed is filled in all the cultivation bottles 10 in the container 11 at the same time. After filling the culture medium in this manner, an inoculation hole is made in the center, and the opening of each cultivation bottle is plugged with a breathable cap 18 (shown in FIG. 4).
2. Sterilization With the culture medium filled in the culture medium filling step, using an automatic stacker, a large number of containers 11 containing the maximum number of cultivation bottles 10 are arranged on the pallet 19 as shown in FIG. In a stacked state, put in a heat sterilization pot and sterilize with steam for a certain period of time.
3. Inoculation with inoculum After sterilization treatment, the culture medium-containing culture bottles 10 are cooled to room temperature by being allowed to cool in a state where each container 11 is accommodated, and then each container 11 is sent to the inoculum inoculator sequentially by a conveyor. Inoculate the cultivation bottle with the inoculum.
4). Mycelium culture After inoculation with the inoculum, each container 11 is sequentially fed to the cultivation bottle removing and replenishing machine 30 by a conveyor. In the cultivation bottle extracting machine 30, four cultivation bottles 10a located in the central portion as shown in FIG. 7 are extracted from a container in which 36 cultivation bottles 10 are accommodated as shown in FIG. A space for four cultivation bottles is formed.
[0014]
The cultivation bottle extracting machine 30 has a line conveyor 31 and an auxiliary conveyor 32 as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. An empty replenishing container 11 a is sent to the auxiliary conveyor 32 one by one by a container supply machine 33. It has become. Both conveyors are each provided with a container positioning device, whereby the container 11 containing the cultivation bottle and the replenishment container 11a are stopped at predetermined positions.
[0015]
Above the conveyors 31 and 32, there is a vertical conveying means 35 for moving the cultivation bottle gripper 34 up and down and a horizontal conveying means 36 for horizontally moving the vertical conveying means 35 in the X and Y axis directions. It is lifted with the four cultivation bottles in the center of the container being gripped by the cultivation bottle grasping machine 34, moved horizontally to a predetermined position of the replenishing container 11a, lowered, and placed side by side in the replenishing container. I am doing so.
[0016]
In the replenishing container 11a, the cultivation bottles 10 extracted from the container 11 on the line conveyor 31 are accommodated side by side in the arrangement shown in FIG. It has become. A series of these operations are automatically performed by automatic control.
[0017]
Thus, the replenishment container 11a which accommodated the cultivation bottle in the same state as the container 11 on the line conveyor 31 after removing the cultivation bottle is sent onto the line conveyor 31 and sequentially sent out, and at the time of the sterilization process by an automatic stacker. In the same manner as described above, a large number of containers 11 are arranged on a pallet 19, stacked in multiple stages, placed in a culture chamber, and cultured under a predetermined temperature and humidity condition for a certain period.
[0018]
During this cultivation, gas (mainly carbon dioxide) and heat are generated by the growth of the mycelia. However, as shown in FIG. 10, a cavity A that is vertically arranged is formed in the central portion of the stacked container 11. The generated gas travels in the cavity with the circulating air in the room and is discharged. Also, the heat generated in the cultivation bottle is released. The situation can be uniform with respect to 10.
5. Bacteria scraping After completion of mycelial culture for a certain period, the bacteria are scraped. Prior to this fungus scraping operation, the cultivation bottle replenisher 40 described above is used to replenish the cultivation bottle 10 after the hypha culture to the part extracted in each container 11. At the time of this replenishment, as shown in FIG. 11, the container 11 after the mycelium culture is supplied to the line conveyor 41 and the auxiliary conveyor 42 at a ratio of 8: 1. Four bottles are extracted from the inside of the container 11 stopped at a predetermined stop position by the cultivation bottle gripping machine 44 having the same configuration as the cultivation bottle gripping machine 34 of the cultivation bottle extracting machine 30 described above, and are placed at a predetermined stop position on the line conveyor 41. Inserted into the gap in the central portion of the container 11 that has been stopped, each container accommodates 36 maximum number of cultivation bottles 11, sent to the fungus scraper, and holds the container and cultivation bottle upside down Scratch the fungus. In the figure, 45 is a vertical conveying means, and 46 is a horizontal conveying means.
6). Sprouted growth The container that has finished the fungus scraping work is then sent to the division work section to widen the interval. Here, as shown in FIG. 12, the cultivation bottle interval in the container 11 is widened by extracting and transferring the cultivation bottles every other row for each row.
[0019]
Subsequently, it sends to a growth cover mounting part, and as shown in FIG. 13, FIG. Although not shown in the drawing, the growth auxiliary cover 47 is fitted once for each container by stopping the container conveyed on the conveyor at a predetermined angle and dropping the growth auxiliary cover 47 for the number of cultivation bottles from above. To do.
[0020]
Thus, after attaching the growth assistance cover 47 to each cultivation bottle 10, it mounts in order on the shelf of a growth chamber, and grows on predetermined growth conditions, such as temperature and humidity.
7). Harvesting and shipping After growing for a certain period of time as described above, the mushrooms are grown to a size suitable for shipping, then harvested, packaged and shipped.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
In the artificial cultivating method of Honshimeji, Beech shimeji or eringi of the present invention as described above, a large number of wide-mouthed bottles are arranged upright in a flat dish container, and the culture medium is filled in each of the bottles. In the artificial cultivation method of shimeji mushrooms for sterilization, inoculation, hypha culture, and sprout growth, the barrel is thin and the barrel is shaped like a cylinder with a bottom that does not differ much from the size of the barrel and opening. And at least the bottom plate of the container has a large number of openings that penetrate vertically to ensure air permeability, and the cultivation bottle is placed in the container until the inoculation with the inoculum. The six containers are arranged in a single row in a state where the body parts are in contact with each other , and prior to the mycelial culture, the container is extracted from the four cultivation bottles at the center thereof, and the extraction parts are moved up and down. In By performing the mycelium culture of a certain period accommodated in the culture chamber in a state of stacked in multiple stages such that the cavity passing, it is possible to efficiently perform the work to seed inoculated in a small space, also when mycelia culture The generated gas and heat are released moderately, the mycelium culture conditions can be made uniform for each cultivation bottle, the variation in the size of the strain is reduced at the time of harvest, and the poorly grown one is grown again The work to return to the room is reduced and the cultivation equipment can be used efficiently.
[0022]
In addition, after the mycelial culture, insert the cultivation bottles of other containers that have been subjected to mycelial cultivation at the same time into the cultivation bottle extraction space in the center of the container, and perform the fungal scraping operation As a result, the bacteria scraping work efficiency is high and the workability is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an example of a cultivation bottle used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which an example container used in the method of the present invention is fully filled with cultivation bottles.
FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the container.
FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the cultivation bottle accommodated state of the above.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during a culture medium filling step in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during a sterilization step in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view after extraction of the mycelium culture according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the extraction process state of the cultivation bottle extraction machine used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal front view of the above.
FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of a mycelial culture step in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a replenishment process state of the cultivation bottle replenisher used in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a cultivation bottle interval widening process state according to the present invention. FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state in which a growth assistance cover is attached to the cultivation bottle same as above.
FIG. 14 is a partial sectional view of the above.
FIG. 15 is a side view showing a conventionally used cultivation bottle.
FIG. 16 is a plan view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cultivation bottle 10a Cultivation bottle 11 Container 11a Supplementary container 12 Bottom plate 15 Conveyor 16 Culture medium filling machine 17 Culture medium 18 Cap 19 Pallet 30 Cultivation bottle extraction machine 31 Line conveyor 32 Auxiliary conveyor 33 Container supply machine 34 Cultivation bottle gripping machine 35 Vertical conveyance means 36 Horizontal conveying means 40 Cultivation bottle replenisher 41 Line conveyor 42 Auxiliary conveyor 44 Cultivation bottle gripping machine 45 Vertical conveying means 46 Horizontal conveying means 47 Growing auxiliary cover

Claims (1)

In the artificial cultivation method of hon-shimeji, beech shimeji or eringi, where a large number of cultivation bottles are arranged upright in a flat dish container, filled with culture medium in each cultivation bottle, sterilized, inoculated, mycelial culture, germination growth,
To narrow the trunk, use a long bottle-shaped cultivation bottle close to a bottomed cylindrical shape that does not differ much in size between the trunk and the opening, and at least the bottom plate of the container to ensure air permeability Using a thing with many opening parts penetrated up and down, the operation | work until the said seed | inoculation inoculation arranged the cultivation bottle in the said container in the 6-row arrangement | positioning in 6 rows, and the trunk | drum mutually contacted. performed in a state prior to mycelia culturing, the container, extracting four cultivation bottles of the central portion, housed in the culture chamber in a state where the extraction unit is stacked in multiple stages so that the cavity communicates with the upper and lower Cultivate mycelium for a certain period , and after the mycelial culture, insert the cultivation bottles of other containers that have undergone mycelial cultivation at the same time into the cultivation bottle extraction space in the center of the container to insert the number of myceliums extracted before the mycelial cultivation. Characterized by doing Consisting of Te hon-shimeji mushroom, Bunashimeji or king oyster mushroom artificial cultivation methods.

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