JP7010903B2 - Mushroom cultivation method and its equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation method and an apparatus thereof used for artificially cultivating mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, and shimeji mushrooms.

Conventionally, as a method for cultivating mushrooms of this kind and its apparatus, a plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers are arranged and stored in a container in a rectangular shape having a plurality of vertical rows and a plurality of horizontal rows, and a plurality of cultivation containers are stored in the container. There are known methods and devices for cultivating mushrooms by arranging them on a shelf or the like in a cultivation room in a state where the mushrooms are stored.

Patent No. 4224828 Patent No. 6369491 Patent No. 6148694

However, in the case of these conventional mushroom cultivation methods and devices, fruiting bodies growing from adjacent cultivation containers are cultivated from germination to harvest with multiple cultivation containers stored in the container. There is a disadvantage that the cap and handle of the head of the mushroom may come into contact with each other or break due to entanglement, which may reduce the commercial value due to deformation of the fruiting body and affect the yield of mushrooms. is doing.

The present invention aims to solve these inconveniences, and in the present invention, the invention of the method according to claim 1 vertically places a plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers in a container for the early stage of growth. An arrangement pitch changing mechanism is provided that arranges and stores a plurality of rows and a plurality of horizontal rows in a rectangular shape and changes the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the plurality of cultivation containers. A plurality of mounting plates on which cultivation containers can be placed separately, and the plurality of mounting plates are moved in two vertical and horizontal directions, the X direction as the horizontal horizontal direction and the Y direction as the vertical horizontal direction. It is equipped with an XY guide movement mechanism that changes the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch of each cultivation container, and mushrooms in the cultivation room with multiple cultivation containers stored in the container for the early growth period. Cultivation is carried out, the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch of the cultivation container is expanded and changed as the mushrooms grow in the cultivation container, and a plurality of cultivation containers with the expanded arrangement pitch are used as containers for the late stage of growth. Mushrooms are cultivated in a cultivation room with a plurality of cultivation containers stored in a rectangular shape with a plurality of vertical rows and a plurality of horizontal rows. It is in the kind cultivation method.

Further, the invention of the apparatus according to claim 2 is a container for an early growth stage in which a plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers can be arranged and stored in a rectangular shape having a plurality of vertical rows and a plurality of horizontal rows, and a container for the early growth stage. For late growth, multiple cultivation containers can be arranged and stored in a rectangular shape with multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally at an arrangement pitch that is larger than the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch of the multiple cultivation containers stored in. A cultivation room for cultivating mushrooms with a container, a container for the early growth stage or a container for the late growth stage containing a plurality of cultivation containers, and a vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch of the plurality of cultivation containers. The arrangement pitch changing mechanism is provided with an arrangement pitch changing mechanism for changing the scale of the arrangement, and the arrangement pitch changing mechanism has a plurality of mounting plates capable of mounting the plurality of cultivation containers separately, and the plurality of mounting plates. Equipped with an XY guidance movement mechanism that moves in two vertical and horizontal directions, the X direction as the horizontal plane direction and the Y direction as the vertical plane direction, to scale the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the plurality of cultivation containers. It is in the mushroom cultivation equipment, which is characterized by becoming.

Further, in the invention of the apparatus according to claim 3 , the XY guide moving mechanism is an X guide moving mechanism capable of guiding and moving a plurality of mounting plates in the X direction, and the plurality of mounting plates. The X-guide moving mechanism comprises a Y-guided moving mechanism capable of guiding and moving in the Y direction, and the X-guided moving mechanism moves the X-guide mechanism for guiding the plurality of mounting plates in the X direction and the plurality of mounting plates in the X direction. The Y-guide moving mechanism comprises an X-moving mechanism for guiding the plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction and a Y-moving mechanism for moving the plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction. The invention of the apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that the X-moving mechanism and the Y-moving mechanism of the XY guiding moving mechanism use a cylinder mechanism. Is.

As described above, in the invention according to claim 1 or 2, the plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers are arranged in a rectangular shape of a plurality of vertical rows and a plurality of horizontal rows in the container for the early growth stage. Mushrooms are cultivated in the cultivation room with multiple cultivation containers stored in the container for the early growth period, and the vertical and horizontal arrangement of the cultivation containers as the mushrooms grow in the cultivation container. The pitch is automatically expanded and changed by an artificial or arrangement pitch changing mechanism, and multiple cultivation containers with expanded arrangement pitch are arranged and stored in a rectangular shape with multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally in a container for the late stage of growth. Mushrooms can be cultivated in the cultivation room with multiple cultivation containers stored in the container for the late stage of growth. Therefore, cultivation is not performed in a single container from germination to harvest, and the early stage of growth is not carried out. In, mushrooms are cultivated by arranging them in a rectangular shape with multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally in a container for the early growth period, and as the mushrooms grow in the adjacent cultivation containers, the heads of the offspring are cultivated. The arrangement pitch is expanded and changed by the arrangement pitch changing mechanism at the stage until the cap and handle come into contact, and multiple cultivation containers with the expanded arrangement pitch are placed in multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally in the container for the late stage of growth. It is possible to cultivate mushrooms in a cultivation room by arranging them in a rectangular shape, and it is possible to prevent entanglement of mushrooms in adjacent cultivation containers with growth, and it is possible to prevent the entanglement of mushrooms. It is possible to prevent a decrease in commercial value due to deformation of the container, avoid the influence on the yield of mushrooms, and cultivate mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms, nameko, and shimeji satisfactorily, and change the arrangement pitch. The arrangement pitch can be automatically expanded or contracted by the mechanism, and the workability of mushroom cultivation can be improved . The arrangement pitch changing mechanism can be used to place a plurality of cultivation containers separately. The vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of multiple cultivation containers are changed by moving the mounting plate and a plurality of mounting plates in two vertical and horizontal directions, the X direction as the horizontal horizontal direction and the Y direction as the vertical plane direction. Since it is equipped with an XY guidance movement mechanism, the arrangement pitch is automatically scaled by moving a plurality of mounting plates in two directions, the X direction and the Y direction, by the XY guidance movement mechanism. It is possible to simplify the structure of the arrangement pitch changing mechanism .

Further, in the invention according to claim 3 , the XY guide moving mechanism includes an X guide moving mechanism capable of guiding and moving the plurality of mounting plates in the X direction, and a plurality of mounting plates. It consists of a Y-guide movement mechanism that can guide and move in the Y direction, and the X-guide movement mechanism has an X-guide mechanism that guides a plurality of mounting plates in the X direction and an X-movement that moves a plurality of mounting plates in the X direction. The Y-guide moving mechanism is composed of a mechanism, a Y-guide mechanism for guiding a plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction, and a Y-moving mechanism for moving the plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction. The mounting plate can be moved reliably and smoothly in two directions, the X direction and the Y direction, and the arrangement pitch of a plurality of cultivation containers can be reliably expanded or contracted, improving the cultivation workability of mushrooms. Further, in the invention according to claim 4 , since the cylinder mechanism is used for the X-moving mechanism and the Y-moving mechanism of the XY-guided moving mechanism, the XY-guided moving mechanism is used. The structure can be simplified.

It is explanatory plan view of the Example of Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory side view of the Embodiment Example of this invention. It is a front sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the Example of Embodiment of this invention. It is a front sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the Example of Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the Example of Embodiment of this invention. It is a plan sectional view of the embodiment of this invention. It is a side sectional view of the embodiment of this invention. It is a front sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a front sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the Example of Embodiment of this invention. It is a side sectional view of the embodiment of this invention. It is a front sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a front sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.

1 to 15 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in which W is a cultivation container, which is formed in the shape of a cylindrical container made of synthetic resin. In this case, the cultivation container W is filled with a cultivation bed. Mushrooms M such as enoki mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, and shimeji mushrooms are growing on the cultivation floor.

In this case, roughly divided, the above-mentioned plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers W ... Multiple cultivation containers with an arrangement pitch _{P B} that is larger than the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch PF of the container HF for the purpose and the multiple cultivation containers W ... arranged and stored in the container HF for the early growth period. W ... is arranged in a rectangular shape with multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally, in this case, a container HB for the late growth stage that can be arranged and stored in a rectangular shape with 4 rows vertically and 4 rows horizontally, and a container HF for the early growth stage or a late growth stage. A cultivation room _S for cultivating mushrooms in a state where a plurality of cultivation containers W ... It is configured to include _B or an array pitch changing mechanism 1 that scales the array pitch _{P B} to the array pitch PF.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the container HF for the early growth period has a peripheral wall plate HF ₂ surrounded by the bottom plate HF ₁ , and the plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers are contained in the container HF for the early growth period. _W. Further, in the container HB for the late stage of growth, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a peripheral wall plate HB ₂ is erected on the bottom plate HB ₁ , and a partition wall portion HB ₃ is formed uplift on the bottom plate HB ₁ to grow. In the container HB for the latter stage, the above-mentioned plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers W ... are separated into a rectangular shape having multiple vertical rows and multiple horizontal rows. It is formed so that it can be arranged and stored at the arrangement pitch _PB in the state of being arranged.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1 has a plurality of cultivation containers W ... Can be placed separately, in this case, 16 mounting plates 2 ... By moving the mounting plates 2 ... in the X direction as the horizontal direction of the plane and the Y direction as the vertical direction of the plane in two vertical and horizontal directions, the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch _PF of the plurality of cultivation containers W ... It is configured to include an arrangement pitch P _B or an XY guidance movement mechanism 3 for scaling the arrangement pitch _{P B} to the arrangement pitch PF.

Further, in this case, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, the XY guidance movement mechanism 3 can guide and move the plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the X direction. It consists of an X-guide moving mechanism 4 and a Y-guided moving mechanism 5 capable of guiding and moving a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the Y direction, and the X-guided moving mechanism 4 has a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... It consists of an X guide mechanism 4A that guides in the direction and an X movement mechanism 4B that moves a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the X direction, and the Y guide movement mechanism 5 moves the plurality of mounting plates 2 ... in the Y direction. It is composed of a Y guide mechanism 5A for guiding to, and a Y movement mechanism 5B for moving a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the Y direction, and further, an X movement mechanism 4B and a Y movement of the XY guidance movement mechanism 3 described above. A cylinder mechanism 6 is used as the mechanism 5B.

In this case, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, a square frame-shaped machine frame 7 is arranged in the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1, and four Y guide stands 5A are arranged in the machine frame 7 as the Y guide mechanism 5A. ₁ is slidably provided in the Y direction by the Y-direction peripheral wall 7a of the machine frame 7 and the guide roll 5A ₂ , and the cam plate member 5B ₁ is erected on the machine frame 7 as the Y moving mechanism 5B. The shaft 5B _{2.5B 2} is provided so as to be movable in the X direction, the Y moving cylinder 5B ₃ which is the cylinder mechanism 6 is attached to the machine frame 7, and the rod of the Y moving cylinder 5B ₃ is a cam plate member 5B ₁ The cam plate member 5B ₁ is moved in the Y direction by the Y moving cylinder 5B ₃ , and as shown in FIG. 8, the cam plate member 5B 1 is connected to the cam plate member 5B ₁ in each of the four Y guide bases 5A ₁ in the Y direction. 2 outer Y guide stands 5A ₁ 2 for 2 cam grooves 5C ₁ and 2 inner Y guides 5A ₁ for 1 in the Y direction, 4 cam grooves 5C in total ₂ is formed, and a total of 4 cam pins CM ₁ are laid vertically on the 2 outer Y guide stands 5A ₁ O, and the cam pin CM ₁ is slidably fitted into the cam groove 5C ₁ and the inner 2 is formed. A total of four cam pins CM ₂ are vertically installed on the two Y guide stands 5A ₁ I, and the cam pins CM ₂ are slidably fitted in the cam grooves 5C ₂ , and thus the Y moving cylinder 5B ₃ The cam plate member 5B ₁ is moved in the Y direction by the movement of the cam plate member 5B ₁ , and the cam groove 5C ₁ and the cam pin CM ₁ and the cam groove 5C ₂ and the cam pin CM ₂ are slid by the sliding cam action of the cam groove 5C 1 and the inner two and the inner side. A total of four Y guide stands 5A ₁ ..., two outer Y guide stands 5A ₁ O have a long moving distance, and two inner Y guide stands 5A ₁ I have a short moving distance in the Y direction. It is configured to move to.

Further, in this case, as shown in FIGS. 7, 9, 10, and 11, as the X guide mechanism 4A, the two outer Y guide stands 5A 1 O of the four Y guide stands 5A ₁ and the outer two Y guide stands 5A ₁ O, respectively. A total of four sliding rails 4A ₁ ... are arranged on each of the _two inner Y guide stands 5A ₁ I, and sliding members 4A ₂ ... It is movably fitted, and the above-mentioned plurality, in this case, 16 mounting plates 2 ... Are attached to the sliding member 4A ₂ ... A total of 8 mounting plates 2 ... and 4 inside each in the X direction. A cylinder mechanism ₆ for moving a total of 8 mounting plates 2 ... in the X direction. Attached to the guide base 5A ₁ O and Y guide base 5A ₁ I, the moving distance of the mounting plates 2 ... The moving distance of the mounting plate 2 ... is shortened so that it can be moved in the X direction.

Then, from the states of FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, the operation of the X-moving cylinder 4B ₁ and the Y-moving cylinder 5B ₃ causes FIGS. 12, 13, 14, and 15, respectively. The plurality of cultivation containers W ... on the above _- mentioned mounting plate 2 ... will be scaled between the arrangement pitch _PF and the arrangement pitch PB.

Since the example of this embodiment has the above configuration, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4, a plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers W ... are vertically arranged in a plurality of rows in the container HF for the early growth period. Mushrooms are cultivated in the cultivation room S with a plurality of cultivation containers W. As the mushrooms _M grow, the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitch _PF of the cultivation container W ... is automatically expanded and changed from the arrangement pitch _PF to the arrangement pitch BP by the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1. , FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6, a _plurality of cultivation containers _W. Mushrooms can be cultivated in the cultivation room S with a plurality of cultivation containers W ... stored in a container HB for the late stage of growth by arranging and storing them in a rectangular shape in multiple rows. Mushrooms are cultivated next to each other by arranging and storing them in a rectangular shape with multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally in the container HF for the early growth period, instead of cultivating in a single container from to harvest. The arrangement pitch _PF is expanded and changed by the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1 at the stage where the cap and the handle of the head of the child body come into contact with each other as the mushroom M in the container W grows, and the arrangement pitch _PF is changed. _Mushrooms are cultivated in the cultivation room S by arranging and storing a plurality of cultivation containers W ... It is possible to prevent the mushrooms M in the adjacent cultivation container W from being entangled with each other as they grow, and it is possible to prevent the commercial value from being lowered due to the deformation of the child body of the mushroom M. It is possible to avoid the influence on the yield of mushrooms M, to cultivate mushrooms such as mushrooms, nameko, and shimeji mushrooms well, and the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1 automatically automatically arranges the arrangement pitch _PF / P. _B can be expanded or contracted, and the workability of mushroom cultivation can be improved.

In this case, the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1 mounts a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... on which a plurality of cultivation containers W ... can be placed separately, and a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... in the horizontal plane direction. XY guidance movement mechanism that scales the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches _PF and _PB of a plurality of cultivation containers W ... by moving them in two vertical and horizontal directions in the X direction and the Y direction as the plane vertical direction. Since it is provided with 3, the arrangement pitch PF is automatically changed to the arrangement pitch _P by moving a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In two directions, the X direction and the Y direction, by the XY guidance movement mechanism 3. It can be expanded and changed to _B , and the structure of the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1 can be simplified. In this case, the XY guide moving mechanism 3 has the plurality of mounting plates 2 ... It consists of an X-guided movement mechanism 4 capable of guiding and moving in the X direction, and a Y-guided moving mechanism 5 capable of guiding and moving a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the Y-direction, and the X-guided moving mechanism 4 has a plurality of mounting plates. It consists of an X guidance mechanism 4A that guides the mounting plates 2 ... In the X direction and an X moving mechanism 4B that moves a plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the X direction, and the Y guiding moving mechanism 5 has a plurality of mountings. Since it is composed of a Y guide mechanism 5A that guides the plates 2 ... In the Y direction and a Y movement mechanism 5B that moves the plurality of mounting plates 2 ... In the Y direction, the plurality of mounting plates 2 ... It can be moved reliably and smoothly in two directions, the X direction and the Y direction, and the arrangement pitch _PF and PB of multiple cultivation containers W ... can be reliably scaled and expanded, and the cultivation of mushrooms _M can be performed. Workability can be improved, and in this case, since the cylinder mechanism 6 is used for the X movement mechanism 4B and the Y movement mechanism 5B of the XY guidance movement mechanism 3, the XY guidance movement mechanism is used. The structure of 3 can be simplified.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the container HF for the early growth stage, the container HB for the late growth stage, the cultivation room S, the arrangement pitch changing mechanism 1, the mounting plate 2, and the XY guided movement. The structures of the mechanism 3, the X guide movement mechanism 4, the X guide mechanism 4A, the X movement mechanism 4B, the Y guide movement mechanism 5, the Y guide mechanism 5A, the Y movement mechanism 5B, the cylinder mechanism 6, etc. are designed by appropriately changing the structures. Is.

As mentioned above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

W Cultivation container _M Mushrooms HF Container for early growth HB Container for late growth _PF Arrangement pitch BP Arrangement pitch S Cultivation room 1 Arrangement pitch change mechanism 2 Mounting plate 3 XY guide movement mechanism 4 X guide movement mechanism 4A X guidance mechanism 4B X movement mechanism 5 Y guidance movement mechanism 5A Y guidance mechanism 5BY movement mechanism 6 Cylinder mechanism

Claims (4)

Arrangement pitch in which a plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers are arranged and stored in a container for the early stage of growth in a rectangular shape of a plurality of vertical rows and a plurality of horizontal rows, and the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the plurality of cultivation containers are changed. A changing mechanism is provided, and the arrangement pitch changing mechanism includes a plurality of mounting plates on which the plurality of cultivation containers can be placed separately, and the X direction with the plurality of mounting plates as the horizontal horizontal direction. It is equipped with an XY guidance movement mechanism that moves the plurality of cultivation containers in two vertical and horizontal directions in the Y direction as the plane vertical direction to change the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the plurality of cultivation containers. Mushrooms are cultivated in a cultivation room with a plurality of cultivation containers stored in the cultivation container, and the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the cultivation containers are expanded and changed as the mushrooms grow in the cultivation container. A plurality of cultivation containers with an expanded arrangement pitch are arranged and stored in a rectangular shape of multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally in a container for the late growth stage, and a plurality of cultivation containers are stored in the container for the late growth stage. A mushroom cultivation method characterized by cultivating mushrooms in a cultivation room in a state of being in a container. A container for the early growth period in which a plurality of cylindrical cultivation containers can be arranged and stored in a rectangular shape in a vertical or horizontal row, and a vertical container for a plurality of cultivation containers arranged and stored in the container for the early growth period. And a container for the late growth stage that can store multiple cultivation containers in a rectangular shape with multiple rows vertically and multiple rows horizontally at an arrangement pitch that is larger than the horizontal arrangement pitch, and the container for the early growth stage or the late growth stage. It is equipped with a cultivation room for cultivating mushrooms with a plurality of cultivation containers stored in the container for cultivation, and an arrangement pitch changing mechanism for changing the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the plurality of cultivation containers. Therefore, the arrangement pitch changing mechanism has a plurality of mounting plates on which the plurality of cultivation containers can be placed separately, and the plurality of mounting plates as the X direction and the plane vertical direction as the horizontal plane direction. A mushroom cultivation apparatus comprising an XY guide movement mechanism that moves the plurality of cultivation containers in two vertical and horizontal directions in the Y direction to change the vertical and horizontal arrangement pitches of the plurality of cultivation containers . The XY guide movement mechanism includes an X guide movement mechanism capable of guiding and moving the plurality of mounting plates in the X direction, and an Y guide moving mechanism capable of guiding and moving the plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction. The X-guide moving mechanism comprises an X-guide mechanism that guides the plurality of mounting plates in the X direction and an X-moving mechanism that moves the plurality of mounting plates in the X direction. The mushroom according to claim 2 , wherein the mechanism includes a Y guide mechanism for guiding the plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction and a Y moving mechanism for moving the plurality of mounting plates in the Y direction. Cultivation equipment. The mushroom cultivation device according to claim 3 , wherein the X-movement mechanism and the Y-movement mechanism of the XY guide movement mechanism use a cylinder mechanism.

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