JP3851633B2 - Laminated body and display device using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention, for example, when it is installed on the screen of a display such as a plasma display (PDP), a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OELD), a field emission display, etc. It is related with the laminated body which can provide functions, such as protection with respect to an electromagnetic wave, shielding of electromagnetic waves, shielding of near infrared rays, and a change of color tone, and a display apparatus using the same.

  In recent years, with the advancement of society, optoelectronic-related parts and devices have made remarkable progress. Among them, displays that display images are becoming increasingly popular for use in computer monitor devices and information terminal devices in addition to conventional television devices. Among them, the market demand for a large and thin display or a small and lightweight display for portable use is increasing.

  The problem of safety emerges by increasing the size of the display and reducing the size for portable use.

  The viewing surface of the display is usually made of a glass plate. The larger the area of the glass plate, the easier it is to break due to external impact. Also, the more you carry and carry it outside, the more you will be exposed to external impacts and the easier it will break.

  The safety of displays against external impacts is regulated by the Electrical Appliance and Material Control Law as follows.

  For example, for protection of a cathode ray tube, if it has a cathode ray tube with a nominal maximum diameter (diagonal length in the case of a square shape) exceeding 160 mm, the prawn tube is properly attached to the cabinet. When a hard sphere having a diameter of 50 mm and a weight of 500 g is dropped from a height of 1400 mm into a pendulum shape on the front surface, the following must be met. That is, (1) If the protective plate is made of laminated glass or synthetic resin, no debris will scatter on the front surface. (2) If the protective plate is made of reinforced glass, cracks, cracks and other abnormalities will occur. It does not occur, and (3) in the case of having no protective plate, no debris is scattered on the front surface.

  Regarding the mechanical strength of the cathode ray tube, if the cathode ray tube has a nominal dimension of the maximum diameter (diagonal length in the case of a square shape) exceeding 160 mm, the cathode ray tube (protection if it has a protective plate) When the glass plate is broken by a mechanical method or a thermal shock method, the weight of the glass pieces scattered between the barriers provided at the front 900 mm and 1500 mm of the CRT is 15 g or less for a single piece and 45 g or less for the total weight. In addition, debris exceeding 1 g in weight does not fly beyond the barrier provided at 1500 mm in front of the cathode ray tube.

  The method of adding mechanical strength is specifically defined in, for example, the UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.) standard. An example is a drop test. In this test, the display element is dropped on a plate from a height of 750 mm. The plate is a hardwood plate having a thickness of 20 mm. A laminated board obtained by combining two boards having a thickness of 20 mm is placed on concrete, and the board is placed thereon.

  In addition to the existing liquid crystal display (LCD), plasma display panels (PDP) have recently attracted attention as a display that can be made large and thin. Yes.

  A PDP usually includes an optical filter on its viewing surface. This optical filter is used for the purpose of blocking electromagnetic waves and near infrared rays generated from the PDP main body. Further, the optical filter often has a function of changing the emission color of the PDP main body to a preferable color tone.

  The optical filter is a transparent support substrate made of a glass plate or a resin plate and having a function. In conventional PDPs, since the transparent support base of the optical filter has a function as a front protective plate, it is possible to easily achieve the safety standard defined by the Electric Control Law.

  However, in order to popularize the PDP in the market, there is a need to significantly reduce manufacturing costs. The optical filter is also required to reduce the cost, and the material cost of the transparent support base, the manufacturing cost by the single wafer method, and the like are considerations.

  On the other hand, a liquid crystal display (LCD) usually includes a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a film having an antireflection function, and the like on a viewing surface. Since these substantially have a display protection function, conventional LCDs can easily achieve the safety standards defined by the Electric Regulatory Law.

  The screen size of the LCD is generally up to 20 inches, but since the market demand for the enlargement of the display is rapidly expanding, the LCD is further enlarged. However, the larger the size of the glass that becomes the substrate, the easier it is to break, and it is difficult for the display to meet the safety standards stipulated by the Electric Control Law and the like with the conventional methods.

  Since LCDs for small portable terminals are supposed to be carried frequently, there are many opportunities to receive impact from the outside by dropping or hitting them. These have insufficient durability against an impact of a certain magnitude due to the protective function of the polarizing plate and the antireflection functional film provided on the viewing surface, but are insufficient. In fact, most of the complaints received by mobile terminal manufacturers from users are due to the phenomenon that the LCD breaks.

  Regarding the organic EL display (OELD) and the field emission display (FED), as in the case of the LCD, since the glass substrate is easily broken when the size is increased, it is difficult to satisfy the safety standard defined in the Electric Control Law. Even in small portable terminal applications, damage and cracking due to impact become a problem. In particular, in the case of OELD and FED, since the polarizing plate and the retardation film that the LCD has are not provided, the number of protective members is substantially reduced, and the glass substrate is more easily broken than the LCD.

  The objective of this invention is providing the laminated body which can achieve safety standards, such as impact resistance, easily, and a display apparatus using the same, when it installs in a display visual recognition surface, for example, aiming at cost reduction.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have
In a laminate having a specific range of parameters obtained by a specific impact test, and a laminate comprising a transparent adhesive layer and a transparent resin layer and, if necessary, a shock absorbing layer,
The Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer is in a specific range,
The Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer is in a specific range,
The penetration of the shock absorbing layer is in a specific range,
A laminate that satisfies at least one of the requirements,
However, the inventors have obtained knowledge that the problems in the present invention can be solved, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the subject of this invention can be solved by the invention specified by the matter shown below.

The present invention comprises one or more transparent adhesive layers;
One or more transparent resin layers ;
A laminate comprising one or more kinds of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 of at least one layer. is there.
The present invention also includes one or more transparent adhesive layers;
One or more transparent resin layers, including at least one layer selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer, and at least one layer of Young A transparent resin layer having a rate of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
Including one or more kinds of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 of at least one layer,
The laminate is characterized in that there are two layers having a JIS-A hardness ratio of 1.1 or more between the transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer .

Further, the present invention is one or more transparent adhesive layers , mainly composed of an acrylic resin or a silicone resin, wherein at least one layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm. A transparent adhesive layer,
1 or more transparent resin layers comprising at least one layer selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer, and at least one layer of Young A transparent resin layer having a rate of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
A laminate comprising one or more kinds of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 of at least one layer. is there.
Further, the present invention is one or more transparent adhesive layers, mainly composed of an acrylic resin or a silicone resin, wherein at least one layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm. A transparent adhesive layer,
1 or more transparent resin layers comprising at least one layer selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer, and at least one layer of Young A transparent resin layer having a rate of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
Including one or more kinds of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 of at least one layer,
The laminate is characterized in that there are two layers having a JIS-A hardness ratio of 1.1 or more between the transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer .

  The present invention is characterized in that at least one of the transparent resin layers includes a transparent conductive layer or a metal mesh layer having a surface resistance of 0.01 to 30Ω / □.

  In the present invention, at least one of the transparent resin layers has at least one function selected from an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antifouling function, an antistatic function, a polarizing function, and a retardation forming function. Features.

  The present invention is characterized in that the transparent resin layer has a filter function of filtering at least one electromagnetic wave out of the entire electromagnetic wave region, the near infrared region, and the visible light region.

The present invention is a display device characterized in that the above-described laminate is provided on a display viewing surface.
The present invention is a display filter provided on a display viewing surface, comprising a laminate as described above, a thickness of 3.5 mm or less, and a steel ball having a weight of 530 g or more and 550 g or less in a height of 10 cm. In the stress hour curve in the falling ball impact test for dropping the ball from the height, between the impact stress generation and the first peak: T (μs) and the impact stress at the first peak: F (kN),
T / F ≧ 200
It is a display filter characterized by satisfying this relationship.

  As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the cost can be reduced. For example, when installed on the display viewing surface, safety standards such as impact resistance can be easily achieved. As a result, a large display device or a small mobile terminal display device having excellent impact resistance can be realized at low cost.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a laminate according to the invention and a display device using the same will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First laminate has a construction of a second laminate as described below, i.e., a transparent adhesive layer, and a transparent resin layer is formed of a shock absorbing layer, the more the range weight of 530g~550g It is evaluated by a falling ball impact test in which a certain steel ball is dropped from a height of 10 cm. The display filter of the present invention has a time from the occurrence of impact stress to the first peak: T (μs) and an impact stress at the first peak: F (kN) in the stress-time curve obtained by the impact test. Between,
T / F ≧ 200
Meet. For measurement, a Nikkei Denshi LC-20KNG702 compression load cell (rated capacity 20 kN, rated output 1160 * 10 ⁻⁶ strain) is fixed on a hard and stable horizontal surface such as a stone table, and a 5 cm square in the center of the load cell. The sample film is fixed, and a steel ball of 530 to 550 g is dropped from a height of 10 cm at room temperature. The stress and time at that time are obtained by connecting the load cell, the NEC Seiei AS2102 type dynamic strain meter, the NEC Sanei company AP11-103 type high-speed DC amplifier, and the NEC Sanei company RA1200 type thermal dot recorder. taking measurement.

  In general, reducing impact stress is considered to be a major factor in improving impact resistance, but the “T / F” value that considers not only the stress but also the time at which the impact occurred also evaluates the impact resistance. Is an important parameter.

  The impact parameter “T / F” value of the present invention is 200 or more, preferably 230 or more, more preferably 250 or more.

  When the “T / F” value is less than 200, there is a high possibility that the member will be damaged when it is mounted and used on a display member such as a PDP panel, which will be described later. Moreover, the laminated body which satisfy | fills the said conditions has very high impact resistance, and also adapts to the above-mentioned electrical appliance control method and UL standard.

The second laminate of the present invention comprises a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and, if necessary, a shock absorbing layer, and has a requirement that the penetration of at least one layer of the shock absorbing layer is 50 to 200. Furthermore, the Young's modulus of at least one layer of the transparent resin layer may be 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, the thickness may be 10 to 3000 μm, and the Young's modulus of at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer is 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, thickness may be 10 to 500 μm.

Hereinafter, each layer of the first and second laminates will be described in detail.
(Transparent adhesive layer)
The Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer is preferably in the range of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, and the thickness of the transparent adhesive layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 μm.

  Since the transparent adhesive layer has low elasticity, when an impact is applied to the display element, the impact on the glass on the viewing surface can be mitigated, and scattering of the broken glass can be prevented.

  In order for the transparent adhesive layer to absorb external impact and not transmit it to the viewing surface, the transparent adhesive layer is deformed by the external impact, and the impact force is reduced and canceled. I think it would be good. For this purpose, it is considered that the elasticity of the transparent adhesive layer should be as low as possible.

  Further, in order to prevent the broken glass from scattering, it is considered that the glass piece should not exceed the adhesive force between the glass piece and the transparent adhesive layer so that the glass does not fly out. . For this purpose, it is considered that the adhesive itself is deformed and absorbs the force that the glass piece is about to jump out and cancels it. From this point, it is considered that the elasticity of the transparent adhesive layer should be as low as possible.

The elasticity of the transparent adhesive layer in the present invention is preferably a Young's modulus in the range of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, more preferably 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁵ Pa, and even more preferably 1 × 10. ² to 1 × 10 ⁴ Pa.

If the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer is too large, that is, greater than 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, the transparent adhesive layer is affected when an impact is applied to the display element from the viewing surface side or mechanical strength is applied to the entire display element. The impact cannot be absorbed in the layer, and the substrate glass on the viewing surface is easily broken or scattered.

On the other hand, if the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer is too small, that is, less than 1 × 10 ² Pa, the transparent adhesive layer itself is easily broken and it becomes difficult to prevent the broken glass from scattering.

  The transparent adhesive layer in the present invention is preferably as transparent as possible. Here, “transparent” means that when the thickness is 100 μm, the visible light visual average transmittance (hereinafter sometimes referred to as visual average transmittance) is 50% or more.

As the material which can be used for the transparent adhesive layer, To illustrate concrete, the A acrylic-based adhesives and silicone-based adhesives, such as those characterized in the originally low elastic material is a raw material, the present invention Since a layer having a low Young's modulus is easy to produce and the transparency is high, it can be suitably used.

(Thickness of transparent adhesive)
The thickness of the transparent adhesive layer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 μm, more preferably 50 to 500 μm, and still more preferably 100 to 500 μm. If the thickness is too thick, that is, larger than 500 μm, the transparency is lost. On the other hand, if the thickness is too thin, that is, smaller than 10 μm, the function of absorbing impact cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

(Acrylic adhesive)
Acrylic adhesives are widely used because they are inexpensive. The acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is mainly made of an acrylic polymer, and the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is obtained by solution polymerization of monomers having a basic structure.

  In solution polymerization, an acrylic monomer is usually polymerized in an organic solvent such as esters, aromatic hydrocarbons, and ketones using a peroxide or azo catalyst. The solvent, monomer composition concentration, and the like are determined depending on the end use and required performance.

  Acrylic adhesives can be broadly classified into non-crosslinked types and crosslinked types.

  The non-crosslinked type is a type that is used as it is after coating and drying, and has thermoplasticity. For this reason, it is generally difficult to obtain elasticity due to cohesion.

  In order to impart cohesiveness and increase elasticity, the type and quantitative change of the copolymerized monomer and addition of other polymers such as other polymers and phenol resins from the outside are performed. By this, it is designed to have preferable cohesiveness, tackiness and adhesiveness.

  The provision of cohesion has a remarkable effect when it depends on the copolymerized monomer rather than the degree of polymerization. Specifically, among the copolymerized monomers, the coagulation component and the modification component are selected, and the balance between both is important. In general, vinyl acetate is a convenient monomer for the aggregating component, and a monomer containing a mono- or dicarboxylic acid is selected as the modifying component.

  Moreover, there exists a bridge | crosslinking type as a type for providing cohesiveness. In the cross-linking type, the cohesiveness, tackiness, and adhesiveness are balanced according to the degree of cross-linking.

  Examples of conventional blending examples of acrylic adhesives are vinyl acetate, octyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and maleic anhydride.

  The components that influence the cohesion here are vinyl acetate and ethyl acrylate. A transparent adhesive layer having a low elastic modulus in the present invention can be obtained by reducing the content ratio of these components and reducing the cohesiveness.

(Silicone adhesive)
Silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives are particularly suitably used in applications that require heat resistance because of their high heat resistance. In addition, it has good electrical properties, water resistance, moisture resistance, and weather resistance, and adheres well to any adherend of low surface energy or high surface energy.

  The composition of the silicone adhesive is based on rubbery silicone and resinous silicone.

  In general, a dry film of a silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibits tackiness but has low cohesiveness. For this reason, crosslinking is required, and adjustment is made so that appropriate elasticity can be obtained. Usually, heating at 250 ° C. or adding a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide and heating at 150 to 170 ° C. for 5 to 15 minutes.

  Examples of conventionally used formulations of silicone adhesives are: (a) methylphenylpolysiloxane resin, (b) phenylvinylsiloxane resin, (c) dimethyldiphenylcyclotetrasiloxane, and (d) chloroplatinic acid. is there.

  Here, the part which influences the cohesiveness and influences the degree of crosslinking of the other members and the elasticity of the transparent adhesive is (d) chlorobratic acid. In order to obtain the objective low transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive in the present invention, the content of (d) chlorobratic acid may be reduced as compared with the conventional one.

(Form of transparent adhesive and layer forming method)
The form of the transparent adhesive is roughly divided into a sheet form and a liquid form. The sheet-like pressure-sensitive adhesive is a pressure-sensitive type, and the two members are bonded together by laminating the other member after laminating the pressure-sensitive adhesive on one member to be bonded.

  The liquid pressure-sensitive adhesive is a type that is allowed to stand at room temperature after application and pasting or is cured by heating. Examples of the method for applying the liquid pressure-sensitive adhesive include bar coating, reverse coating, gravure coating, and roll coating. It is selected considering the type of agent, viscosity, coating amount, etc.

  After bonding using a transparent adhesive, in order to defoam bubbles that have entered when bonded, or to dissolve in the transparent adhesive, and to improve the adhesion between members, Curing may be performed under pressure and heating conditions. At this time, the pressurizing condition is about 0.001 to 2 MPa, and the heating condition is not less than room temperature and not more than 80 ° C., depending on the heat resistance of each member.

(Transparent resin layer)
The Young's modulus in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer characterized by its elasticity and thickness in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, and the thickness of the transparent resin layer is 10 to 3000 μm. The range of is preferable.

  The transparent resin layer characterized by its elasticity and thickness in the present invention prevents the glass on the viewing surface from being impacted and the broken glass from being scattered when an impact is applied to the display element. And plays an important role in the present invention.

  The transparent resin layer in the present invention is used by forming a functional layer such as a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, or containing a pigment, and becomes a substrate of a laminate.

  The transparent resin layer needs to be transparent. Here, “transparent” means that the visible light visual average transmittance is 50% or more when the thickness is 100 μm.

  In order to prevent the transparent resin layer from absorbing and transmitting the impact from the outside, the transparent adhesive layer may be deformed by the impact from the outside, reducing the impact force, and canceling out. it is conceivable that. For this purpose, it is considered that the elasticity in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer may be limited according to the purpose.

As the elasticity in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer in the present invention, the Young's modulus is preferably 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, more preferably 1 × 10 ^{3 to} 7 × 10 ⁷ Pa, Even more preferably, it is 1 × 10 ³ Pa to 5 × 10 ⁷ Pa.

If the Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer is too large, that is, greater than 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, the transparent resin layer is subjected to an impact when an impact is applied to the display element from the viewing surface side or mechanical strength is applied to the entire display element. Impact cannot be absorbed in the resin layer, and the substrate glass on the viewing surface is easily broken or scattered. Further, if the Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer is too small, that is, less than 1 × 10 ³ Pa, the transparent resin layer itself is easily broken, which is not preferable.

The material can be used for the transparent resin layer, To illustrate concrete a material, polyester Le, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, Polyurethane, other et styrene / vinyl acetate copolymer heavy body silicone as a clear elastomer Elastomers such as rubber, urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, soft polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc., Examples thereof include ethylene-based transparent compositions such as a cross-linked product of an ethylene-based copolymer and an ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer mixture, and thermoplastic elastomers such as a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer and a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer . Also, fillers such as these the material silica in a range that does not impair the original purpose, oil as a plasticizer, may contain additives such as such as heat stabilizers or antioxidants. In addition, a treatment such as plasma treatment may be performed for the purpose of improving adhesiveness and the like.

  Of these, polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyurethane are preferably used.

  The thickness of the transparent resin layer used in the present invention is 10 to 3000 μm, preferably 10 to 2000 μm, more preferably 10 to 1500 μm, still more preferably 10 to 1000 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 500 μm. If the thickness is too thin, that is, smaller than 10 μm, sufficient impact absorbing ability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the thickness is too thick, that is, larger than 3000 μm, the light transmittance may be insufficient. Also, considering the process, if it is too thin, it is difficult to install it on the display surface when used as an optical filter, and if it is too thick, flexibility may be limited depending on the type of material.

  The transparent resin layer having a thickness of 50 to 250 μm is a so-called transparent polymer film, has flexibility, and can form a transparent conductive film continuously by a roll-to-roll method. For this reason, it is possible to produce a transparent laminate having a long and large area efficiently. The transparent resin layer having a thickness of 250 μm or more is a so-called transparent polymer sheet, and a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and the like can be formed by a single wafer method. If the elasticity is low, the roll-to-roll method can be adopted.

  In the present invention, the surface of the transparent resin layer is formed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer by etching treatment such as sputtering treatment, corona treatment, flame treatment, ultraviolet ray irradiation, electron beam irradiation, and undercoat treatment. You may improve the adhesiveness with respect to beforehand. In addition, an inorganic layer such as an arbitrary metal may be formed between the transparent resin layer and the transparent conductive layer, and before forming the transparent conductive film, dustproofing such as solvent cleaning or ultrasonic cleaning as necessary. Processing may be performed.

  Moreover, in order to improve the scratch resistance of the transparent laminate, a hard coat layer may be formed on at least one main surface of the transparent resin layer. In addition, when the laminated body in this invention has a some transparent resin layer, at least one needs to have said characteristic, but others are not restrict | limited to the parameter which influences an impact-absorbing capability.

(Shock absorbing layer)
The shock absorbing layer according to the present invention is a layer for relaxing the force and preventing the display element from cracking when an external force is applied to the screen of the display element provided with the laminate or the optical filter. It is.

(Shock absorbing ability, transparency)
The shock absorbing layer needs to have an appropriate shock absorbing capacity and transparency. Here, “having moderate impact absorption capability” means that the value of penetration (JIS K2207-1991-50 g load) is 50 to 200, preferably 80 to 200, more preferably 100 to 200. It is. Further, “having transparency” means that the value of the luminous average transmittance when the thickness is 100 μm is 40% or more.

  If the thickness of the shock absorbing layer is too thin, sufficient impact absorbing ability cannot be exhibited, and if it is too thick, sufficient light transmission cannot be obtained. Therefore, the thickness of the shock absorbing layer is 10 to 3000 μm, preferably 10 to 2000 μm, more preferably 10 to 1500 μm, still more preferably 10 to 1000 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 500 μm.

The material of the shock absorbing layer is not particularly specified as long as the material that can satisfy the above conditions, suitable materials include silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic Le gels and the like.

  Of these, silicone, in particular, can be used in a gel state to realize an impact-absorbing layer having favorable values for penetration and visual average transmittance. Furthermore, if air is enclosed in the gel, the impact absorbing ability is improved and can be used more suitably.

  When fixing an impact-absorbing layer on a transparent resin layer, it sticks together using an adhesive or an adhesive agent. Here, the adhesive and the adhesive are not particularly specified as long as they have transparency. Here, “having transparency” means that the luminous average transmittance in a state of a thickness of 25 μm is 50% or more. As an adhesive, the transparent adhesive layer used for bonding of the transparent resin layers within the structure of the laminated body in this invention, or bonding of the optical filter and the screen of a display element can be used. Details of the transparent adhesive layer will be described later.

  An antireflection layer or an antiglare layer may be formed on the shock absorbing layer. In particular, when the shock absorbing layer is located on the outermost surface as a result of installing the laminate or the optical filter on the display element, an antireflection layer or an antiglare layer is formed to improve the visibility. It is desirable that Details of the antireflection layer and the antiglare layer will be described later.

(Laminate)
Laminate in the present invention, the transparent resin layer, formed by laminating a transparent adhesive layer and shock-absorbing layer, the shock-absorbing layer, a transparent resin layer and the transparent adhesive layer is formed only in one each layer There may be a plurality of layers. When a plurality of shock absorbing layers are present, the effect obtained in improving the impact resistance may be greater than that of a single shock absorbing layer.

At this time, when a total of two or more transparent resin layers and / or shock absorbing layers (A layer, B layer) are used, the JIS-A hardness (JIS-K6301 standard) is the JIS-A hardness of the A layer ( Between Ha) and the JIS-A hardness (Hb) of the B layer,
Ha / Hb ≧ 1.1
Preferably, there is a relationship of
Ha / Hb ≧ 1.2
More preferably,
Ha / Hb ≧ 1.25
There is a relationship.

  Moreover, it is preferable that Ha and Hb values are 0-98, More preferably, it is 0-95.

  As a method for evaluating the hardness of a flexible material, there is a Shore A hardness in addition to the JIS-A hardness. Since JIS-A hardness and Shore A hardness are often almost the same value, there is virtually no problem even if the values of Shore A hardness are used as the Hc and Hd values.

  Although the positional relationship between the A layer and the B layer is arbitrary, it is preferable that the A layer having high hardness is disposed on the side that is susceptible to impact, for example, when it is attached to a display device, on the human side.

In the present invention, in the first laminate, the penetration of at least one of the shock absorbing layers is 50 to 200, and the Young's modulus of at least one of the transparent resin layers is 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ^8. Pa, the thickness may be 10 to 3000 μm, the Young's modulus of at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer may be 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, the thickness may be 10 to 500 μm , and the transparent resin layer and and the / or shock-absorbing layer are a total of two or more layers, may I der ratio of each layer of JIS-a hardness of 1.1 or more.

(Display element)
The laminated body in this invention can be used as a member of a display element. Applicable display elements are a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OELD), a field emission display (FED), and the like.

  In the case of PDP, it can be used as an optical filter for the purpose of blocking electromagnetic waves or adjusting color tone. In the case of LCD, it can be used as a polarizing plate, a phase difference plate, an antireflection film, and an antiglare film. In the case of OELD and FED, it can mainly be used as an antireflection film and an antiglare film.

Hereinafter, an optical filter for PDP will be described as a representative example.
(Optical filter for PDP)
The PDP is usually equipped with an optical filter on the front surface of the display. This is because, in principle, the plasma display panel emits strong electromagnetic waves and near infrared rays to the outside of the apparatus. Electromagnetic waves are known to cause damage to instruments, and recently, it has been reported that electromagnetic waves may also damage the human body. For this reason, the electromagnetic wave emission is in a legally regulated direction. For example, in Japan, there is a regulation by VCCI (Voluntary Control Council for Interference by data processing equipment electronic machinery machine), and in the United States by FCC (Federal Communications).

  Near-infrared light causes malfunction of cordless telephones and infrared remote controllers. A particularly problematic wavelength is 800 to 1000 nm. In order to suppress such emission of electromagnetic waves and near infrared rays, an optical filter is used.

  This optical filter needs to be conductive over the entire surface of the filter and excellent in transparency. Optical filters that satisfy these requirements and have been put into practical use can be roughly divided into two types. One is called a metal mesh type, in which thin metals are arranged in a lattice pattern on the entire surface of the substrate. This is excellent in conductivity and has an excellent electromagnetic wave shielding ability, but is inferior in near-infrared reflection ability and transparency. The other is called a transparent film type, in which a transparent conductive thin film is arranged on the entire surface of a substrate. The transparent conductive thin film type optical filter is inferior in electromagnetic wave shielding ability as compared with a metal mesh type optical filter, but can be suitably used as a display filter because it is excellent in near infrared ray shielding ability and transparency.

  In many cases, a transparent conductive thin film type optical filter has a transparent support base and a transparent conductive thin film bonded together via a transparent adhesive. From the viewpoint of weight reduction and safety of the display device itself, a transparent polymer molded body is often used as a transparent support substrate, but the transparent polymer molded body is affected by heat and moisture. Glass is often used because of its deformable nature. In addition, an optical film having a reflectance reduction function, an antiglare function or a color matching function is often combined with a transparent conductive film.

  In the present invention, unlike these conventional ones, an optical filter having no transparent support substrate is provided.

  The electromagnetic wave shielding ability of the optical filter is more excellent as the surface resistance value of the optical filter is lower. Regarding a transparent conductive thin film type optical filter, it is common practice to obtain a transparent conductive thin film by laminating a metal thin film layer having a low resistance. Among these, a metal thin film made of silver having the lowest specific resistance among pure substances is preferably used. Furthermore, for the purpose of increasing the transmittance and improving the stability of the metal thin film layer, the metal thin film layer is usually sandwiched between transparent high refractive index thin film layers to form a transparent conductive thin film laminate.

  In an optical filter used for shielding electromagnetic waves, conduction between the transparent conductive thin film layer and the outside must be obtained using an external electrode.

  The configuration of the optical filter used in the present invention is not particularly specified as long as necessary functions can be expressed.

  There is no particular designation on the number of members constituting the optical filter. That is, all functions may be imparted to the transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer, or a plurality of layers having the respective functions may be combined. When the function of the optical filter is formed in a single transparent resin layer and shock absorbing layer, the transparent adhesive layer is used to bond the optical filter to the viewing surface of the PDP. In addition, when the optical filter is configured by combining two or more transparent polymer films, the transparent adhesive is used to bond the transparent adhesive layer for bonding the optical filter to the PDP viewing surface or each polymer film. Used.

  A specific example of the configuration of the optical filter is shown below. (A) is the viewing surface of the PDP, (B), (C) and (D) are transparent adhesive layers, (E), (F) and (G) are transparent resin layers and shock absorbing layers, and (H) is transparent. Assuming that the conductive thin film and (I) are anti-reflective films, the configuration examples are A / B / H / E / I, A / B / H / E / C / F / I, A / B / E / H / C / F / I, A / B / H / E / C / F / D / G / I, A / B / E / H / C / F / D / G / I, and the like.

  Even if only one transparent adhesive layer is used, a sufficient effect can be expected as long as the thickness is equal to or greater than a certain value. However, in the present invention, all of the plurality of transparent adhesive layers are transparent adhesive characterized by low elasticity. If a layer is used, even if the thickness of each transparent adhesive layer is small, a sufficient effect regarding impact resistance can be obtained.

  Even if only one transparent resin layer and a shock absorbing layer are used, a sufficient effect can be expected as long as the thickness is a certain value or more. However, in the present invention, all of the plurality of transparent resin layers are characterized by low elasticity. If the transparent resin layer to be used is used, even if the thickness of each transparent resin layer is small, a sufficient effect with respect to impact resistance can be obtained.

The laminate of the present invention can be used as an optical filter for PDP. In this case, a transparent conductive layer is often formed on any transparent resin layer and / or shock absorbing layer. The transparent conductive layer in the present invention is a transparent conductive film composed of a single layer or a multilayer thin film. In this invention, the laminated body which formed the transparent conductive layer on the main surface of a polymer film is called a transparent laminated body. As the polymer film, in addition to the above-mentioned transparent resin layer, a material having a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ⁸ or more can be used. Preferred examples include a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, polybutylene terephthalate, bisphenol A polycarbonate, acetic acid. A cellulose etc. can be mentioned.

  Examples of the single transparent conductive layer include the conductive mesh, the conductive lattice pattern film, the metal thin film, and the oxide semiconductor thin film described above.

  As the multilayer transparent conductive layer, there is a multilayer thin film in which a metal thin film and a high refractive index transparent thin film are laminated. A multilayer thin film in which a metal thin film and a high refractive index transparent thin film are laminated has the following characteristics. That is, a metal thin film such as silver has conductivity and also has a near-infrared reflection characteristic due to metal free electrons. Further, the high refractive index transparent thin film has a characteristic of preventing reflection of light in a certain wavelength region in the metal thin film. Therefore, such a multilayer thin film has favorable characteristics in all of conductivity, near infrared ray cutting ability, and visible light transmittance.

  In order to obtain a display filter having electromagnetic shielding ability and near-infrared cut ability, a metal thin film having high conductivity for electromagnetic wave absorption and many reflective interfaces for near-infrared reflection, and high refractive index transparent A multilayer thin film in which a thin film is laminated is preferable.

  By the way, in VCCI, the radiated electric field intensity is less than 50 dBμV / m in Class A indicating the regulation value for business use, and less than 40 dBμV / m in Class B indicating the regulation value for consumer use. However, the radiated electric field intensity of the plasma display is in the range of 20 to 90 MHz, exceeding 40 dBμV / m for a diagonal 20-inch type and exceeding 50 dBμV / m for a diagonal 40-inch type. For this reason, it cannot be used as it is for home use.

  The radiated electric field intensity of a plasma display increases as the screen size and power consumption increase, and an electromagnetic wave shielding material having a high shielding effect is required.

  In order to have the electromagnetic wave shielding ability necessary for the plasma display in addition to the high visible light transmittance and the low visible light reflectance, the transparent conductive layer has a surface resistance of 0.1 to 30Ω / □, more preferably 0.1 to 15Ω. / □, more preferably 0.01 to 5Ω / □. The “visible light transmittance” and “visible light reflectance” in the present invention are calculated according to JIS (R-3106) from the wavelength dependence of the vortex permeability and the reflectance.

  Moreover, in order to cut off the near-infrared light emitted by the plasma display to a level that does not cause a problem in practice, the light transmittance in the near-infrared wavelength region 800 to 1000 nm of the display filter needs to be 20% or less, In order to satisfy this requirement, it is necessary that the transparent conductive layer itself has a near-infrared cutting property because of the requirement for reducing the number of members and the limit of near-infrared absorption using a pigment. In order to cut near-infrared rays with a transparent conductive layer, reflection by free electrons of metal can be used.

  When the metal thin film layer is thick, the visible light transmittance is low, and when it is thin, the near-infrared reflection is weak. However, it is possible to increase the visible light transmittance and increase the overall thickness of the metal thin film layer by stacking one or more layers of a laminated structure in which a metal thin film layer of a certain thickness is sandwiched between high refractive index transparent thin film layers. It is. It is also possible to change the visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, near-infrared transmittance, transmitted color, and reflected color within a certain range by controlling the number of layers and / or the thickness of each layer. .

  When the visible light reflectance is high, the reflection of a lighting fixture or the like on the screen is increased, the effect of preventing reflection on the surface of the display unit is reduced, and visibility and contrast are reduced. Further, as the reflected color, white, blue, and purple-colored colors that are not conspicuous are preferable. For these reasons, the transparent conductive layer is preferably a multilayer stack that is easy to optically design and control.

  In the optical filter for PDP, it is preferable to use a transparent laminate in which a transparent conductive layer of a multilayer thin film is formed on one main surface of a polymer film.

  In the present invention, a preferred transparent conductive layer is a high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a) and a metal thin film layer (b) in order of (a) / (b) on one main surface of the polymer film. It is repeatedly laminated 2 to 4 times, and further formed thereon by laminating at least a high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a), and the surface resistance of the transparent conductive layer is 0.1 to 30Ω / □. To do. As a result, the transparent conductive layer has low resistance for electromagnetic wave shielding ability, near infrared ray cutting ability, transparency, and excellent performance in visible light reflectance. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the multilayer thin film means a multilayer laminated transparent conductive film in which a laminated structure in which a metal thin film layer is sandwiched between high refractive index transparent thin film layers is laminated one or more layers.

  In the transparent conductive layer of the present invention, the number of repeated laminations is preferably 2 to 4 times. That is, the transparent laminate of the present invention in which the transparent conductive layer is laminated on the main surface of the polymer film (A) is (A) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a). Or (A) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) or (A) / (a) / (b) / ( It has a layer structure of a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a). When the number of repeated laminations is 5 or more, there is a problem of limitations on the production apparatus and productivity, and a decrease in visible light transmittance and an increase in visible light reflectance tend to occur. If the number of repetitions is 1, low resistance, near-infrared cutting ability, and visible light reflectance cannot be made sufficient at the same time.

  In addition, in a multilayer thin film having 2 to 4 repetitions of lamination, in order to make the near-infrared cut ability, the visible light transmittance, and the visible light reflectance at the same time suitable characteristics for a plasma display, its surface resistance The present inventors have found that is 1 to 5Ω / □.

  In the future, it is also assumed that the intensity of electromagnetic waves emitted from the plasma display will decrease. In that case, it is expected that sufficient electromagnetic wave shielding characteristics can be obtained even when the surface resistance of the optical filter is 5 to 15Ω / □. It is also assumed that the electromagnetic wave intensity emitted from the plasma display is further reduced. In that case, it is expected that sufficient electromagnetic wave shielding characteristics can be obtained even when the surface resistance of the optical filter is 15 to 30Ω / □.

  As a material for the metal thin film layer (b), silver is preferable because it is excellent in conductivity, infrared reflectivity, and visible light transmittance when multilayered. However, since silver lacks chemical and physical stability and deteriorates due to environmental pollutants, water vapor, heat, light, etc., it is stable to silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, indium, tin, etc. An alloy to which one or more metals are added, or an environment-stable metal can also be suitably used. In particular, gold and palladium are excellent in environmental resistance and optical characteristics and are suitable.

  The silver content in the alloy containing silver is not particularly limited, but is desirably not significantly different from the conductivity and optical properties of the silver thin film, and is about 50 wt% or more and less than 100 wt%. However, the addition of other metals to silver impairs its excellent conductivity and optical properties, so if you have multiple metal thin film layers, at least one layer should not be alloyed with silver if possible. It is desirable to use or alloy only the first and / or outermost metal thin film layer as viewed from the substrate.

  The thickness of the metal thin film layer is not particularly limited as long as it is optically and experimentally determined from conductivity and optical characteristics, and the transparent conductive layer has the required characteristics. However, it is necessary for the thin film not to have an island-like structure but to be in a continuous state because of conductivity or the like, and the thickness is desirably 4 nm or more. Moreover, since transparency will become a problem when a metal thin film layer is too thick, 30 nm or less is desirable. When there are a plurality of metal thin film layers, all the layers are not necessarily the same thickness, and may not be all silver or an alloy containing the same silver.

  For the formation of the metal thin film layer, any conventionally known method such as sputtering, ion plating, vacuum deposition, or plating can be employed.

  The transparent thin film that forms the high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a) is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having transparency in the visible region and preventing light reflection in the visible region of the metal thin film layer. However, a high refractive index material having a refractive index with respect to visible light of 1.6 or more, preferably 1.8 or more, more preferably 2.0 or more is used. Specific materials for forming such a transparent thin film include oxides such as indium, titanium, zirconium, bismuth, tin, zinc, antimony, tantalum, cerium, neodymium, lanthanum, thorium, magnesium, gallium, or the like. Examples thereof include a mixture of oxides and zinc sulfide.

  These oxides or sulfides can be used as long as they do not significantly change the optical characteristics even if the stoichiometric composition of the metal and oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms is different. Among them, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide, or a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide (ITO) has high film formation speed and adhesion to a metal thin film layer in addition to transparency and high refractive index. Can be suitably used because of its good quality.

  The thickness of the high refractive index transparent thin film layer is determined optically and experimentally from the optical characteristics of the polymer film (also referred to as a transparent substrate), the thickness of the metal thin film layer, the optical characteristics, the refractive index of the transparent thin film layer, and the like. Although not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less. Moreover, when it has a some high refractive index transparent thin film layer, each layer does not necessarily have the same thickness, and does not need to be the same transparent thin film material.

  For forming the high refractive index transparent thin film layer, any conventionally known method such as sputtering, ion plating, ion beam assist, vacuum deposition, or wet coating can be employed.

  In order to improve the environmental resistance of the transparent conductive layer, an organic or inorganic protective layer may be provided on the surface of the transparent conductive layer to such an extent that the conductivity and optical properties are not significantly impaired. In addition, in order to improve the environmental resistance of the metal thin film layer and the adhesion between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index transparent thin film layer, electrical conductivity and optical properties are provided between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index transparent thin film layer. You may form arbitrary inorganic substance layers to such an extent that a characteristic is not impaired. Specific examples of these materials include copper, nickel, chromium, gold, platinum, zinc, zirconium, titanium, tungsten, tin, palladium, and the like, or alloys made of two or more of these materials. The thickness is preferably about 0.2 nm to 2 nm.

  In order to obtain a transparent conductive layer having desired optical properties, the optical constants (refractive properties) of the polymer film and the thin film material are considered in consideration of the conductivity for the electromagnetic shielding ability to be obtained, that is, the metal thin film material and its thickness The optical design using the vector method using the rate and the extinction coefficient), the method using the admittance diagram, etc. is performed, and the thin film material, the number of layers, the film thickness, etc. of each layer are determined. At this time, an adjacent layer formed on the transparent conductive layer may be considered. This is because the light incident medium to the transparent conductive layer formed on the polymer film is different from the incident medium having a refractive index of 1 such as air or vacuum, so that the transmission color (and the transmittance, reflection color and reflectance) This is because of changes. That is, when forming the functional transparent layer on the transparent conductive layer, when the transparent adhesive layer is interposed, the design is performed in consideration of the optical constant of the transparent adhesive layer. In addition, when the functional transparent layer is formed directly on the transparent conductive layer, the design is performed in consideration of the optical constant of the material in contact with the transparent conductive layer.

  As described above, by designing the transparent conductive layer, in the high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a), the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer are thinner than the intermediate layer when viewed from the polymer film, and the metal thin film layer (b ) In the polymer film, the lowermost layer is thinner than the other layers, the refractive index is 1.45 to 1.65, and the extinction coefficient is almost 0. The reflection of the laminate does not increase remarkably, and the increase in interface reflection due to the adjacent layer formation is 2% or less.

  In particular, in the transparent conductive layer consisting of three repetitions, that is, a total of seven layers, the second metal thin film layer of the three metal thin film layers (b), that is, the fourth layer as viewed from the polymer film Is thicker than the other layers, the reflection of the transparent laminate is not significantly increased when the pressure-sensitive adhesive is an adjacent layer.

  The optical constant can be measured by ellipsometry (elliptical ellipsometry) or an Abbe refractometer, and film formation can be performed by controlling the number of layers, film thickness, etc. while observing optical characteristics.

  The transparent conductive layer of the display filter in the present invention is also preferably a metal mesh layer.

  The single metal mesh layer is preferably formed by forming a copper mesh layer on a polymer film, and a copper foil is bonded on the polymer film and then processed into a mesh shape.

  The copper foil used in the present invention can be used for both rolled copper and electrolytic copper, but the metal layer is preferably porous, and the pore diameter is preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, more preferably 0.5. It is -3micrometer, More preferably, it is 0.5-1micrometer. If the hole diameter is larger than 5 μm, patterning may be obstructed, and if it is smaller than 0.5 μm, it is difficult to expect an improvement in light transmittance. In addition, as a porosity of copper foil, the range of 0.01 to 20% is preferable, More preferably, it is 0.02 to 15%, Most preferably, it is 0.02 to 5%. The “porosity” in the present invention is a value defined by P / R where R is a volume and P is a pore volume. For example, when the pore volume of a copper foil corresponding to a volume of 0.1 cc is measured by mercury porosity and is 0.001 cc, the porosity can be 1%. The copper foil used may be subjected to various surface treatments. Specific examples include chromate treatment, roughening treatment, pickling, zinc / chromate treatment, and the like.

  The thickness of the copper foil is preferably 3 to 30 μm, more preferably 5 to 20 μm, still more preferably 7 to 10 μm. If it is thicker than this thickness, there is a problem that it takes time to etch, and if it is thinner than this thickness, there arises a problem that the electromagnetic wave shielding ability is inferior.

  The aperture ratio of the light transmitting portion is preferably 60% or more and 95% or less, more preferably 65% or more and 90% or less, and still more preferably 70% or more and 85% or less. The shape of the opening is not particularly limited, but it is preferably in the form of a regular triangle, a regular square, a regular hexagon, a circle, a rectangle, a rhombus, and the like, and is arranged in the plane. The typical size of the opening of the light transmitting portion is preferably in the range of one side or diameter of 5 to 200 μm. More preferably, it is 10-150 micrometers. If this value is too large, i.e., greater than 200 [mu] m, the ability to shield electromagnetic waves decreases, and if this value is too small, i.e., less than 5 [mu] m, the display image is unfavorably affected. Further, the width of the metal in the portion where the opening is not formed is preferably 5 to 50 μm. That is, the pitch is preferably 10 to 250 μm. If it is narrower than this width, that is, if the width is smaller than 10 μm, processing becomes extremely difficult. On the other hand, if it is thicker than this width, that is, if the width is larger than 50 μm, it adversely affects the image.

  The substantial sheet resistance of the metal layer having a light transmitting portion is determined by a four-terminal method using an electrode that is 5 times or more larger than the above pattern and having an electrode interval of 5 times or more than the repeating unit of the above pattern. It refers to the measured sheet resistance. For example, if the shape of the opening is a square having a side of 100 μm and the metal layer has a width of 20 μm and the squares are regularly arranged, it is possible to measure by arranging electrodes of φ1 mm at intervals of 1 mm. Alternatively, if the patterned film is processed into a strip shape, electrodes are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the resistance is measured (R), the length a in the longitudinal direction and the length b in the lateral direction are substantially Sheet resistance = R × b / a. The measured value is preferably 0.01Ω / □ or more and 0.5Ω / □ or less, more preferably 0.05Ω / □ or more and 0.3Ω / □ or less. If an attempt is made to obtain a value smaller than 0.01Ω / □, the film becomes too thick and the opening cannot be sufficiently removed. On the other hand, if the value is larger than 0.5Ω / □, sufficient electromagnetic wave shielding ability cannot be obtained.

  As a method of laminating the copper foil on the polymer film, a transparent adhesive is used. Examples of the adhesive include acrylic, epoxy, urethane, silicone, and polyester, but the adhesive is not particularly limited. A two-component system and a thermosetting type are preferably used. An adhesive having excellent chemical resistance is preferable. After apply | coating an adhesive agent to a polymer film, it can also bond with copper foil, and you may bond an adhesive agent to copper foil.

  As a method for forming the light transmission portion, a printing method or a photoresist method can be used. As the printing method, a method of patterning the mask layer by a screen printing method using a printing resist material is preferable. In the method using a photoresist material, a photoresist material is formed on a metal foil by a roll coating method, a spin coating method, a full surface printing method, a transfer method, etc., and exposed and developed using a photomask to pattern the resist. Do. After the resist patterning is completed, the metal portion serving as the opening is removed by wet etching, so that a metal mesh layer having a desired opening shape and opening ratio and having a light transmission portion can be obtained.

(Toning)
In many cases, the optical filter has a function of adjusting the emission color from the display to a more preferable one. In some cases, the liquid crystal panel filter does not have a transparent conductive layer, and the toning function is a main function.

  When the transmission color of the optical filter is strong in yellowish green to green, the contrast of the display is lowered, the color purity is lowered, and the white display may be greenish. This is because light having a wavelength of about 550 nm, which is yellowish green to green, has the highest visibility.

  The multilayer thin film is inferior in transmitted color tone when the visible light transmittance and the visible light reflectance are regarded as important. It is necessary to increase the total thickness of the metal thin film as the electromagnetic wave shielding ability, that is, the conductivity and the near infrared ray cutting ability are increased. However, as the total thickness of the metal thin film increases, the transmitted color tends to be green to yellow-green. Therefore, the optical filter used in the plasma display is required to have a transmission color of neutral gray or blue gray. This is because the contrast decreases when green transmission is strong, blue emission is weaker than red and green emission colors, and white having a slightly higher color temperature than standard white is preferred. In addition, the transmission characteristics of the optical filter are preferably such that the chromaticity coordinates of the white display of the plasma display are as close as possible to the black body locus.

  When a multilayer thin film is used for the transparent conductive layer (B), it is important to correct the color tone of the multilayer thin film so that the transmitted color of the optical filter is neutral gray or blue gray. In order to correct the color tone, a dye having absorption in the visible wavelength region may be used. For example, when the transparent color of the transparent conductive layer (B) is green, it is corrected to gray using a red pigment, and when the transmitted color is yellow, it is corrected using a blue to purple pigment.

In a color plasma display, a red (R) light emitting phosphor such as (Y, Gd, Eu) BO _{3 that} emits light by excitation with vacuum ultraviolet light generated by DC or AC discharge of a rare gas, (Zn, Mn) ₂ SiO _4, or the like. Green (G) light-emitting phosphors and blue (B) light-emitting phosphors such as (Ba, Eu) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu are formed in the display cells constituting the pixels. Phosphors are selected based on color purity, coating properties on discharge cells, short afterglow time, luminous efficiency, heat resistance, etc., and phosphors in practical use have been improved to their color purity. There are many things that require. In particular, the emission spectrum of the red-emitting phosphor shows several emission peaks ranging from about 580 nm to about 700 nm. Since the relatively strong light emission peak on the short wavelength side is yellow to orange light emission, there is a problem in that red light emission has a poor color purity close to orange. When a mixed gas of Xe and Ne is used as the rare gas, orange light emission due to light emission relaxation in the Ne excited state similarly reduces the color purity. In addition, with respect to green light emission and blue light emission, the position of the peak wavelength and the emission broadness are factors that reduce the color purity.

  For example, in the coordinate system in which the hue and saturation are represented by the horizontal axis chromaticity x and the vertical axis chromaticity y determined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE), the color purity is high in a triangular shape having three colors RGB as vertices. It can be represented by the breadth of the color reproduction range indicated by the breadth. Due to the low color purity, the color reproduction range of light emission of the plasma display is usually narrower than the color reproduction range indicated by the chromaticities of the three RGB colors defined by the NTSC (National Television System Committee) system.

  In addition to the oozing of light emission between display cells, the emission of each color includes unnecessary light over a wide range, and the fact that the necessary light emission does not stand out is not only the color purity but also the contrast of the plasma display. It is also a factor to lower. Further, the contrast of the plasma display is generally worse in the bright time when the outside light is present due to indoor lighting or the like than in the dark time. This occurs because the substrate glass, phosphors, etc. reflect outside light and make unnecessary light stand out. The contrast ratio of the plasma display panel is 100 to 200 for the suggestion and 10 to 30 for the bright time when the ambient illuminance is about 100 lx. Also, the low contrast is a factor that narrows the color reproduction range.

  In order to improve the contrast, there is a method of reducing the transmittance of the entire visible wavelength region and reducing the transmission of external light reflection in the substrate glass and the phosphor, like a neutral density (ND) filter on the front surface of the display. . However, when the visible light transmittance is remarkably low, the brightness and the sharpness of the image are lowered, and the color purity is not improved so much.

  The present inventors have found that improving the color purity and contrast of the luminescent color of a color plasma display can be achieved by reducing unnecessary light emission and external light reflection that cause the color purity and contrast of the luminescent color to decrease. It was.

  In addition, the present inventors not only adjust the optical filter to neutral gray or neutral blue by using a dye, but also reduce unnecessary light emission and external light reflection that cause the color purity and contrast of the emitted color to decrease. I found out that I can do it. In particular, it has been found that red light emission is close to orange, and the color purity of red light emission can be improved by reducing the light emission having a wavelength of 580 nm to 605 nm.

  In the optical filter of the present invention, unnecessary light emission and external light reflection can be reduced by adding a pigment having an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm to the shield body. At this time, it is necessary that the light transmission at a wavelength of 615 nm to 640 nm with a red emission peak is not significantly impaired by the display filter.

  The dye has a broad absorption range, and even a dye having a desired absorption peak may absorb light having a suitable wavelength due to absorption at the bottom. When light emission by Ne is present, orange light emission can be reduced, so that the color purity of light emission from the RGB display cell is improved.

  The green light emission of the color plasma display is broad, and the peak position may be slightly longer than the green color required by the NTSC system, that is, on the yellowish green side.

  The present inventors absorb and cut the long wavelength side of the green light emission by the absorption on the short wavelength side of the dye having the absorption maximum at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm, and further reduce unnecessary light emission and / or shift the peak. It has been found that the color purity can be improved by making them.

  In order to improve the color purity of red light emission and additionally green light emission, the minimum transmittance of the optical filter at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm can be obtained by using a dye having an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm. It is preferable that it is 80% or less with respect to the transmittance at.

  When the color purity of blue light emission is low, a dye that reduces unnecessary light emission and shifts its peak wavelength and absorbs blue-green light emission may be used similarly to red light emission and green light emission. Furthermore, absorption by the dye can reduce external light reflection on the phosphor by reducing the incidence of external light on the phosphor. This also improves the color purity and contrast.

As a method of incorporating a dye into the optical filter of the present invention,
(1) A method using a polymer film obtained by kneading at least one pigment in a transparent resin,
(2) A method of using a polymer film prepared by casting and dispersing at least one dye in a resin concentrate of resin or resin monomer / organic solvent,
(3) A method of using at least one kind of pigment added to a resin binder and an organic solvent and coating a transparent substrate as a paint,
(4) A method using a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive containing one or more kinds of pigments,
And one or more of these methods (1) to (4) are selected.

  The term “containing” as used in the present invention means not only that it is contained in a layer such as a substrate or a coating film or an adhesive, but also a state where it is applied to the surface of the substrate or layer.

  The dye may be a dye or a pigment having a desired absorption wavelength in the visible region, and the kind thereof is not particularly limited. Examples of the dye include anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, methine, azomethine, oxazine, azo, styryl, coumarin, porphyrin, dibenzofuranone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, rhodamine, xanthene, and pyromethene. And organic dyes which are generally commercially available. The type and concentration of the dye are determined by the absorption wavelength and absorption coefficient of the dye, the color tone of the transparent conductive layer, the transmission characteristics and transmittance required for the optical filter, and the type and thickness of the medium or coating to be dispersed, and are particularly limited. It is not something.

  When using a multilayer thin film for the transparent conductive layer (B), in addition to the electromagnetic wave shielding ability, it also has a near infrared ray cutting ability, but a higher near infrared ray cutting ability is required or the transparent conductive layer has a near infrared ray cutting ability. In order to provide the display filter with a near infrared ray cutting ability, one or more near infrared absorbing dyes may be used in combination with the dye.

  The near-infrared absorbing dye is not particularly limited as long as it compensates the near-infrared cutting ability of the transparent conductive layer and absorbs the near-infrared light emitted by the plasma display to a sufficiently practical level. The concentration is not limited. Examples of the near-infrared absorbing dye include phthalocyanine compounds, anthraquinone compounds, dithiol compounds, and diiminium compounds.

  Since the temperature of the panel surface of the plasma display panel is high, especially when the environmental temperature is high, the temperature of the optical filter also rises. It is preferable to have the property.

  Some dyes have poor light resistance in addition to heat resistance. When degradation of pigments due to light emission of plasma display, ultraviolet rays of external light, and visible light becomes a problem, degradation of pigments by ultraviolet rays is reduced by using a member containing an ultraviolet absorber or a member that does not transmit ultraviolet rays. In particular, it is important to use a dye that does not significantly deteriorate due to ultraviolet rays and visible rays.

  The same applies to heat and light as well as humidity and their combined environments. When the dye is deteriorated, the transmission characteristics of the optical filter are changed.

Actually, it is specified in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-220303 that the surface temperature of the plasma display panel is changed from 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. In addition, the light generated from the plasma display panel is specified as, for example, 300 cd / m ² (Fujitsu Ltd. Image Site catalog AD25-000061C Oct. 1997M), and the solid angle is 2π, and this is irradiated for 20,000 hours. Since 2π × 20000 × 300 = 38 million (lx · hour), it is understood that light resistance of about several tens of millions (lx · hour) is necessary for practical use.

  Furthermore, in order to disperse | distribute a pigment | dye in a medium or a coating film, the solubility to the suitable solvent of a pigment | dye is also important. Two or more pigments having different absorption wavelengths may be contained in one medium or coating film.

  The optical filter of the present invention has excellent transmission characteristics and transmittance that do not significantly impair the luminance and visibility of the color plasma display, and can improve the color purity and contrast of the emission color of the color plasma display. In the case where at least one of the dyes to be contained is a tetraazaporphyrin compound, the present inventors have a main absorption wavelength at a wavelength that is the same as or close to the wavelength of unwanted emission of 570 to 605 nm that is particularly desired to be reduced. In addition, since the absorption wavelength width is relatively narrow, it has been found that loss of luminance due to absorption of suitable light emission can be reduced. As a result, it was possible to obtain an optical filter having excellent transmission characteristics, transmittance, color purity of emission color, and ability to improve contrast.

  In the optical filter of the present invention, the above-described methods (1) to (4) for containing the dye are the polymer film (A) containing the dye, the transparent adhesive layer (C) described later containing the dye or (D ), A functional transparent layer (E) described later containing a dye, and one or a plurality of layers of the above-described hard coat layer (F) containing a dye. The functional transparent layer (E) described later containing a dye has a film containing a dye and each function, a film containing a dye and a film having each function formed on a polymer film, and each function. Any of the films formed on the base material containing the dye may be used.

  In the present invention, two or more kinds of dyes having different absorption wavelengths may be contained in one medium or coating film, and two or more dye layers may be provided.

  First, the method (1) of kneading a pigment in a resin and thermoforming it will be described. As the resin material, a plastic plate or a polymer film that is as transparent as possible is preferable. Specifically, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfone, polystyrene, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, polyetheretherketone. Polyamides such as polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon 6, cellulose resins such as polyimide and triacetyl cellulose, fluorine resins such as polyurethane and polytetrafluoroethylene, vinyl compounds such as polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic Acid esters, polyacrylonitrile, addition polymers of vinyl compounds, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid esters, vinylidene compounds such as polyvinylidene chloride, vinylidene fluoride / trif Examples thereof include vinyl compounds such as oloethylene copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, copolymers of fluorine compounds, polyethers such as polyethylene oxide, epoxy resins, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl butyral. It is not limited to.

As a production method, the processing temperature, filming conditions, etc. are somewhat different depending on the dye and base polymer used,
(I) A method in which a pigment is added to a base polymer powder or pellet, heated and dissolved at 150 to 350 ° C., and then molded to produce a plastic plate,
(Ii) a method of forming a film with an extruder;
(Iii) A method in which a raw material is produced by an extruder and uniaxially or biaxially stretched 2 to 5 times at 30 to 120 ° C. to form a film having a thickness of 10 to 200 μm.

  When kneading, an additive used for ordinary resin molding such as a plasticizer may be added. The addition amount of the dye varies depending on the absorption coefficient of the dye, the thickness of the polymer molded body to be produced, the target absorption strength, the target transmission characteristics and the transmittance, but is 1 ppm to 20 with respect to the weight of the base polymer molded body. %.

  In the casting method (2), a dye is added to and dissolved in a resin concentrate obtained by dissolving a resin or resin monomer in an organic solvent, and if necessary, a plasticizer, a polymerization initiator, and an antioxidant are added. The plastic plate and the polymer film are obtained by pouring onto a mold or drum having a surface state as follows, and solvent evaporation / drying or polymerization / solvent evaporation / drying.

  Examples of the resin or resin monomer include aliphatic ester resins, acrylic resins, melamine resins, urethane resins, aromatic ester resins, polycarbonate resins, aliphatic polyolefin resins, aromatic polyolefin resins, polyvinyl resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, Polyvinyl-based modified resins (PVB, EVA, etc.) or copolymer monomers thereof are used. As the solvent, a halogen-based, alcohol-based, ketone-based, ester-based, aliphatic hydrocarbon-based, aromatic hydrocarbon-based, ether-based solvent, or a mixture thereof is used.

The concentration of the dye varies depending on the absorption coefficient of the dye, the thickness of the plate or film, the target absorption strength, the target transmission characteristics and the vortex permeability, but is usually 1 ppm to 20% with respect to the weight of the resin monomer. .
The resin concentration is usually 1 to 90% with respect to the entire paint.

  As a method of coating by coating (3), a method of forming a paint by dissolving the dye in a binder resin and an organic solvent, or a method of finely pulverizing (50 to 500 nm) a dye into an uncolored acrylic emulsion paint There is a method of dispersing an acrylic emulsion water-based paint.

  In the former method, usually, an aliphatic ester resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an aromatic ester resin, a polycarbonate resin, an aliphatic polyolefin resin, an aromatic polyolefin resin, a polyvinyl resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, Polyvinyl modified resins (PVB, EVA, etc.) or copolymer resins thereof are used as the binder resin. As the solvent, a halogen-based, alcohol-based, ketone-based, ester-based, aliphatic hydrocarbon-based, aromatic hydrocarbon-based, ether-based solvent, or a mixture thereof is used.

  The concentration of the dye varies depending on the absorption coefficient of the dye, the thickness of the coating, the target absorption intensity, the target visible light transmittance, and the like, but is usually 0.1 to 30% with respect to the weight of the binder resin.

  Moreover, binder resin density | concentration is 1-50% normally with respect to the whole coating material. In the case of the latter acrylic emulsion water-based paint, it can be obtained by dispersing a finely pulverized pigment (50 to 500 nm) in an uncolored acrylic emulsion paint as described above. In the coating material, additives such as antioxidants used in ordinary coating materials may be added.

  The paint produced by the above-mentioned method contains a pigment by applying a conventionally known coating such as a bar coater, blade coater, spin coater, reverse coater, die coater, or spray on a transparent polymer film, transparent resin, transparent glass, etc. A base material is prepared.

  A protective layer may be provided to protect the coating surface, or other components of the optical filter may be bonded to the coating surface so as to protect the coating surface.

  In the method (4) used as a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a pigment, acrylic adhesive, silicon adhesive, urethane adhesive, polyvinyl butyral adhesive (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive (EVA), etc., polyvinyl A pigment is added to a sheet-like or liquid pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive such as ether, saturated amorphous polyester, or melamine resin, and used by adding 10 ppm to 30%.

  In these methods, an ultraviolet absorber can be contained together with the dye in order to increase the light resistance of the optical filter containing the dye. The type and concentration of the ultraviolet absorber are not particularly limited.

(electrode)
For devices that require an electromagnetic wave shield, a metal layer is provided inside the device case or a conductive material is used for the case to block electromagnetic waves. When transparency is required as in a display, an optical filter having an electromagnetic wave shielding function provided by a transparent conductive layer formed in a window shape is installed. Since electromagnetic waves are absorbed in the transparent conductive layer after being absorbed in the transparent conductive layer, unless the charges are released from the optical filter by taking the ground, the optical filter again becomes an antenna and oscillates the electromagnetic wave. Shielding ability decreases. Therefore, the optical filter and the ground portion of the display body need to be electrically connected. Therefore, when the transparent adhesive layer (D) and the functional transparent layer (E) are formed on the transparent conductive layer (B), the transparent adhesive layer (D) and the functional transparent layer (E) It is preferably formed on the transparent conductive layer (B) so as to leave a part. An electrode is formed using this conducting part. The shape of the conducting portion is not particularly limited, but it is important that there is no gap between which the electromagnetic wave leaks between the optical filter and the display body.

  In order to achieve good electrical contact, an electrode may be formed by applying a conductive material to the conductive portion. The shape to give is not specifically limited. However, it is preferable that it is formed so as to cover all the conductive portions.

  The electrode in the present invention may be formed by bringing a conductive material into contact with each of the layers constituting the optical filter including the transparent conductive layer. In the optical filter of the present invention, it can be observed that at least the transparent conductive layer and the layer for protecting it are layered. If an appropriate conductive material is in contact with the transparent conductive layer and each layer, a desired electrode can be obtained.

  In this case, when the end of the transparent adhesive layer formed on the transparent conductive layer is inward of the end of the transparent conductive layer, the transparent adhesive layer is formed when an electrode is formed using a conductive paste or the like. The conductive paste enters the gap between the end of the transparent conductive layer and the end of the transparent conductive layer, which increases the contact area between the transparent conductive layer and the electrode.

  In addition, a conductive tape such as a copper tape is sandwiched between the transparent conductive layer and the transparent adhesive layer to be bonded thereon, and a part of the conductive tape is pulled out to the outside of the electromagnetic wave shield as a conductive portion. It may be formed. In this case, the conductive tape drawn to the outside substantially becomes an electrode.

  Further, a gap may be provided so as to lead from the transparent conductive layer to the outermost surface of the laminate, and the electrode may be formed. The shape of the gap visible from the surface is not particularly specified, and may be circular or square. Moreover, you may form in linear form. There is no particular designation for the size of the individual gaps visible from the surface. However, if it is too large, it will be applied to the visible part, which is not preferable. The position where the gap is formed is not particularly specified as long as it avoids the visible portion. Inevitably, the position is close to the end. The number of gaps to be formed is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the gaps are formed as many as possible over the entire circumference because the current extraction efficiency is increased. The gap may be provided between the transparent conductive layer and the outermost surface of the laminate, but it is preferable to penetrate the transparent conductive layer from the viewpoint of increasing the contact area with the electrode to be formed.

  There is no particular designation regarding the member that fills the gap. It may be filled with a metal member or may be filled with a conductive paste. In this case, the member filling the gap substantially becomes the electrode.

  It is preferable that the electrode is continuously provided on the peripheral edge of the transparent conductive layer (B). That is, it is preferable that the conducting portion is provided in a frame shape except for the central portion which is the display portion of the display.

  Even if no electrode is formed on the entire circumference, there is a certain ability to block electromagnetic waves. Therefore, it can be used in many cases by comprehensively considering the amount of electromagnetic waves generated from the apparatus and the allowable amount of electromagnetic leakage.

  For example, if an electrode is formed by applying a conductive material only to the opposite sides of a rectangle, an electrode can be formed by a roll-to-roll method or an electrode can be formed in a rolled state. In addition, it is convenient because an optical filter can be produced with high production efficiency. This technique can also be used in the case where a conductive tape is used as an electrode as described above.

  There is no particular problem even if an electrode is formed in another part in addition to the part other than the two opposite sides of the rectangle, or there is a part where no electrode is formed in a part of the two opposite sides.

  In the electrode formation process, covering the conductive portion also protects the transparent conductive layer (B) which is inferior in environmental resistance and scratch resistance. The material used to cover the conductive part is silver, gold, copper, platinum, nickel, aluminum, chromium, iron, zinc, carbon, etc. in terms of conductivity, contact resistance, and adhesion to the transparent conductive film. An alloy composed of a single element or two or more kinds, a synthetic resin and a mixture of these elements or alloys, or a paste composed of a borosilicate glass and a mixture of these elements or alloys can be used. For the electrode formation, a conventionally known method such as a plating method, a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, a paste method, or a printing or coating method can be employed.

  The conductive material to be used is not particularly specified as long as it can conduct electricity. A paste made of a conductive material such as silver paste is used.

  As a method for covering the conductive portion, a paste-like material is applied to the side surfaces of each layer and dried. A conductive material may be applied to the side surface of the roll film, or may be applied to the side surface while being rolled out by roll-to-roll. A tape-like conductive material can also be used.

  As a coating method, a screen printing method is often used from the viewpoint of efficiency and accuracy.

  In addition, when the electrode is formed by filling the gap with a metal member, the electromagnetic wave shield itself may not be processed in advance. Prepare a metallic ground with screw holes on the outer periphery of the display device in advance, attach the electromagnetic shielding body to the display portion of the display device, including the metallic grounding portion, and then attach the electromagnetic shielding body. A conductive screw may be embedded in the screw hole of the metal ground so as to penetrate. In this case, the conductive screw substantially serves as an electrode. When this method is used, an electromagnetic wave shield body can be produced with high productivity by a roll-to-roll method, and an electrode can be easily formed over the entire circumference of the electromagnetic wave shield body.

(Antireflection layer)
The antireflection layer is a layer that is formed on the substrate and reduces the light reflectance of the substrate surface.

Specifically, the antireflective layer has a refractive index of 1.5 or less, preferably 1.4 or less in the visible light region, such as fluorine-based transparent polymer resin, magnesium fluoride, silicon-based resin, or oxidation. A thin film of silicon, for example, formed as a single layer with an optical film thickness of ¼ wavelength, an inorganic compound such as a metal oxide, fluoride, silicide, boride, carbide nitride, sulfide, etc. having a different refractive index In addition, two or more layers of thin films of organic compounds such as silicon resin, acrylic resin, or fluorine resin are laminated. A single layer formed is easy to manufacture, but the antireflection property is inferior to that of a multilayer stack. Multilayer laminates have antireflection ability over a wide wavelength region, and there are few optical design restrictions due to the optical properties of the substrate film. In order to form these inorganic compound thin films, a conventionally known method such as sputtering, ion plating, ion beam assist, vacuum deposition, or a chamber coating method may be used.
The film on which the antireflection layer is formed is an antireflection film.

(Anti-glare layer)
The antiglare layer is a layer for forming an antiglare layer on the substrate and antiglare the transmitted light passing through the substrate and the reflected light from the surface.

The antiglare layer has fine irregularities of about 0.1 to 10 μm on the surface. Specifically, an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an alkyd resin, a thermosetting resin such as a fluorine resin, or a photocurable resin, an inorganic compound such as silica, melamine, or acrylic, An ink obtained by dispersing organic compound particles is coated and cured on a transparent polymer film by a bar coating method, a reverse coating method, a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a roll coating method or the like. The average particle diameter of the particles is 1 to 40 μm. Alternatively, a mold having a desired haze or surface state by applying a thermosetting or photocurable resin such as an acrylic resin, silicon resin, melamine resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, or fluorine resin to the substrate. An antiglare layer can also be obtained by pressing and curing. Further, the antiglare layer can be obtained by treating the base film with a chemical agent so that the glass plate is etched with hydrofluoric acid or the like. In this case, the haze can be controlled by the processing time and the etching property of the chemical. The haze is measured by, for example, ASTM standard D1003-61, and the haze tends to increase as the degree of scattering due to surface irregularities increases. In the above-described antiglare layer, it is sufficient that appropriate irregularities are formed on the surface, and the production method is not limited to the above-described methods. The haze of the antiglare layer is from 0.5% to 20%, preferably from 1% to 10%. If the haze is too small, the antiglare ability is insufficient, and if the haze is too large, the parallel light transmittance is lowered and the display visibility is deteriorated.
The film on which the antiglare layer is formed is an antiglare film.

(Polarizer)
The polarizing plate is an optical element for extracting only a component that vibrates only in one direction from light, and is indispensable for an LCD element. In many cases, it is in a film state and is often referred to as a polarizing film.

  The polarizing plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for LCD.

  The polarizing film is often a film obtained by doping iodine with a polymer film coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The film is uniaxially stretched to align the orientation of iodine molecules in the film. At this time, the iodine is aligned with the polymer of the film, and as a result, the orientation of the iodine molecules is aligned.

  Natural light is oscillating perpendicular to the traveling direction at any time, and includes light oscillating parallel (longitudinal) to the major axis direction of iodine molecules in the polarizing film and light oscillating perpendicularly (laterally). Yes. Of course, some light oscillates at an intermediate angle. Only light that vibrates parallel to the major axis direction of iodine molecules and light that vibrates perpendicularly will be considered. In the case of iodine, the light absorption coefficient in a direction perpendicular or parallel to the major axis direction of the molecule is greatly different depending on the deviation of the electron density of the molecule. Light that oscillates perpendicular to the long axis of the molecule transmits almost 100%, but light that oscillates parallel to the long axis of the molecule hardly transmits and is absorbed by iodine. Therefore, only light that is perpendicular to the major axis of iodine molecules can pass through the polarizing film, and all others are absorbed by iodine. Thus, linearly polarized light (plane polarized light) that vibrates only in one direction is obtained from natural light.

(size)
In the present invention, the effect of the present invention can be expected particularly with respect to large display elements when the screen size is 21 inches or more. Here, the screen size is defined by the diagonal length. Further, when the size is 37 inches or more, a larger effect can be expected. Furthermore, when the size is 42 inches or more, a larger effect can be expected. With respect to a display element having a screen size smaller than 21 inches, it is possible to satisfy the safety condition stipulated in the Electric Regulatory Law by using a conventionally used member. However, even in a display element having a screen size smaller than 21 inches, the use of the transparent adhesive layer characterized by its low elastic modulus as in the present invention has the effect of increasing safety.

  With regard to the display element for small portable terminals in the present invention, the effects of the present invention can be expected for all screen sizes. A display element used for a small portable terminal is small and has a screen size of about 1 inch. Even with this size, the substrate glass of the display element may be broken due to an impact from the outside due to dropping or the like. . In the display element specified by the present invention, this crack is very unlikely to occur and is effective. Furthermore, recently, the screen size of display elements provided in small portable terminals is becoming larger. Since the substrate glass of the display element is more easily broken when the screen size is increased, it is more effective to use the display element of the present invention.

(Analysis method)
A commonly used general technique can be used to measure the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer characterized by its low elasticity of the present invention. For example, the transparent adhesive layer is exposed, a load is applied to the unit area from the surface, and the Young's modulus can be obtained from the magnitude of the load and the deformation amount of the transparent adhesive layer.

  The layer configuration of the optical filter and the state of each layer can be examined using optical microscope measurement of a cross section, scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement, and transmission electron microscope measurement (TEM).

The surface atomic composition of the transparent conductive film was determined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray microanalysis (XMA), Rutherford backscattering analysis (RBS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS), vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), and the like. In addition, the atomic composition and film thickness in the film can be examined by performing Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) or secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in the depth direction.

  If an anti-glare film (anti-glare film, abbreviated AG film) or anti-reflection film is pasted on the transparent conductive film, peel it off and expose the surface of the transparent conductive film. Use it to find out.

  The composition and structure of the polymer and dye used in the present invention can be examined using a general composition or structure analysis method after dissolving the dye in an appropriate solvent. For example, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MAS), etc. can be used.

Example (Preparation of transparent conductive film)
Next, examples of the present invention will be specifically described. The present invention is not limited by these.

  The thin film which comprises the transparent conductive layer (B) in an Example is formed into a film by magnetron DC sputtering method on one main surface of a base material. The thickness of the thin film is a value obtained from the film forming conditions, and is not an actually measured film thickness.

When an ITO thin film is used as the high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a), an indium oxide / tin oxide sintered body (composition ratio In ₂ O ₃ : SnO ₂ = 90: 10 wt%) is used as a target, and argon. The film is formed using an oxygen mixed gas (total pressure 266 mPa: oxygen partial pressure 5 mPa).

  When a tin oxide thin film is used as the high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a), a tin oxide sintered body is formed as a target and an argon / oxygen mixed gas (total pressure 266 mPa: oxygen partial pressure 5 mPa) is used as a sputtering gas. .

  When a silver thin film is used as the metal thin film layer (b), the film is formed using silver as a target and argon gas (total pressure 266 mPa) as a sputtering gas.

  When a silver-palladium alloy thin film is used as the metal thin film layer (b), a film is formed using a silver-palladium alloy (palladium 10 wt%) as a target and argon gas (total pressure 266 mPa) as a sputtering gas.

  The sheet resistance of the transparent conductive layer is measured by a four-probe measurement method (probe interval 1 mm). The visible light reflectance (Rvis) of the surface is determined by first cutting out a small edge of the measurement object, removing the transparent adhesive layer, roughening the surface of the polymer film (A) with sandpaper, and then applying a matte black spray. The total light reflectance in the visible region was measured by a spectrophotometer (U-3400) manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. using a reflection integrating sphere (light incident angle of 6 °) with no reflection on the surface of the lever. The calculated reflectance is calculated according to JIS R3106.

(Measurement of Young's modulus)
Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer, using a stainless steel measuring rod cross-sectional area 1 × 10- ⁶ m ^2, over a constant load, the tip of the measuring bar is measured by pressing the surface of the transparent adhesive layer. The Young's modulus (G) is obtained from the relationship between the magnitude of the applied load (F) and the amount (D) of the measurement rod entering the transparent adhesive layer. The relational expression is F = G × D.

(Penetration)
Obtained according to JIS K2207-1991-50 g load.

(Rigid ball drop test)
In Comparative Examples 1-8, it carries out as follows.

  A hard sphere having a diameter of 50 mm and a weight of 500 g is dropped from a height of 1300 mm into a pendulum shape at the center of the display surface of the display element. At this time, if the base glass of the display portion is broken and scattered on the front surface, it is rejected, and if it is not scattered on the front surface, it is determined to be acceptable. In addition, superiority or inferiority among the passed display elements is distinguished by the degree of cracking of the glass.

It carries out as follows in Comparative Examples 9-29 and Examples 1-5 .
A hard sphere having a diameter of 50 mm and a weight of 500 g is dropped from a height of 1300 mm into a pendulum shape at the center of the display surface of the display element. The distance to the arrival point of the broken glass was investigated. The distance to the arrival point of the glass having a mass of 1 g or more scattered farthest is the result.

(Drop test)
In Comparative Examples 1-8, it carries out as follows.

  The display element is dropped on the plate from a height of 750 mm. The plate is a hardwood plate having a thickness of 20 mm. A laminated board obtained by combining two boards having a thickness of 20 mm is placed on concrete, and the board is placed thereon.

  A glass piece of 15 g or more on the short side and a total weight of 45 g or more is scattered between the barriers provided at 900 mm and 1500 mm in front of the display device, or a piece having a weight exceeding 1 g exceeds the barrier provided at 1500 mm in front of the display device. If it flew away, it will be rejected, otherwise it will be accepted. In addition, a judgment is implemented in consideration of the scattering situation of a glass piece also in each of a disapproval and a pass.

It carries out as follows in Comparative Examples 9-29 and Examples 1-5 .

  The display element is dropped on the plate from a height of 750 mm. The plate is a hardwood plate having a thickness of 20 mm. A laminated board obtained by combining two boards having a thickness of 20 mm is placed on concrete, and the board is placed thereon.

  The distance to the arrival point of the broken and scattered glass was investigated in the forward direction of the display device. The distance to the arrival point of the glass having a mass of 1 g or more scattered farthest is the result.

  Between the barriers provided at the front 900 mm and 1500 mm of the display device, a glass piece of 15 g or more in a single piece and a total weight of 45 g or more is scattered, or a piece of glass having a weight exceeding 1 g is provided at the front 1500 mm of the display device. If it flies beyond, it will be rejected, otherwise it will be accepted. In addition, in each reject and acceptance, the judgment of superiority or inferiority is performed in view of the scattering state of the glass pieces.

Regarding the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer ( Comparative Example 1)
(Preparation of transparent conductive film)
A biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET) film (thickness: 188 μm) as a polymer film (A) has an ITO thin film (film thickness: 40 nm), a silver thin film (film thickness: 11 nm), ITO thin film (film thickness: 95 nm), silver thin film (film thickness: 14 nm), ITO thin film (film thickness: 90 nm), silver thin film (film thickness: 12 nm), ITO thin film (film thickness: 40 nm) in total 7 A transparent conductive layer (B) is formed, and a transparent laminate having a transparent conductive layer (B) having a surface resistance of 2.2 Ω / □ is produced.

  A cross section of the laminate (PET film / transparent conductive layer) is shown in FIG. 1 as a cross sectional view showing an example of the polymer film (A) / transparent conductive layer (B) in the present invention. In FIG. 1, a high refractive index thin film layer 20, a metal thin film layer 30, a high refractive index thin film layer 20, a metal thin film layer 30, a high refractive index thin film layer 20, and a metal thin film layer 30 are sequentially formed on a transparent polymer film 10. The high refractive index thin film layer 20 is laminated.

(Production of acrylic adhesive)
100 parts by weight of vinyl acetate: octyl acrylate: ethyl acrylate: maleic acid = 20: 70: 10: 7.5, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and methylene chloride in 0.2: 20 ratio Make a mixture mixed with. The monomer mixture and AIBN mixture are heated to a temperature at which reflux occurs while stirring. Reflux occurs at around 74 ° C. Five minutes after refluxing, 55 parts of methylene chloride begin to be added to the mixture. This is done slowly over 3 hours. Finally, the reflux temperature is about 50 ° C. One hour later, 75 parts of toluene are added to the mixture. The reflux temperature is about 65 ° C. At this temperature, the mixture is heated for a further 6 hours. Since the polymerization of the mixture is completed at this stage, it is cooled to room temperature.

  The weight composition of the copolymer obtained by the above-mentioned material mixing ratio is about vinyl acetate: octyl acrylate: ethyl acrylate: maleic acid = 20: 70: 10: 7.5. Let the obtained sample be the sample a (vinyl acetate 20 wt%).

  Subsequently, samples having different weight compositions are prepared by changing the ratio of the materials to be mixed. In this embodiment, the weight composition is changed so that only the mixing ratio of vinyl acetate is changed. Samples having the following mixing ratio of vinyl acetate are prepared. Sample b (vinyl acetate 18 wt%), sample c (vinyl acetate 15 wt%), sample d (vinyl acetate 10 wt%), sample e (vinyl acetate 5 wt%), sample f (vinyl acetate 3 wt%), and sample g (acetic acid Vinyl 2 wt%).

(Dye dispersion)
An organic dye is dispersed and dissolved in an ethyl acetate / toluene (50:50 wt%) solvent to obtain a diluted solution of an acrylic adhesive. Mix the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive / pigmented diluted solution (80:20 wt%) to obtain a pressure-sensitive adhesive stock solution. The adhesive has a refractive index of 1.51 and an extinction coefficient of 0.

  Organic dyes include Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.'s dye PD-319, which has an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 595 nm for absorbing unwanted light emitted by the plasma display, and Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. for correcting the chromaticity of white light emission. ) Using a red dye PS-Red-G manufactured, and adjusting the acrylic adhesive / dye-containing diluted solution to be contained in the dried adhesive 1 at 1150 (wt) ppm and 1050 (wt) ppm, respectively. .

(Formation of adhesive layer)
On the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) subjected to easy peeling treatment, the prepared pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied by a gravure coating method so that the thickness becomes 100 μm, thereby forming an adhesive layer. The coated surface is an easy peeling surface. Furthermore, a polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) whose surface is easily peeled is bonded onto the adhesive layer to form a double tack state. Adhere to the adhesive layer so that the easy peeling surface is in contact. The easy peeling layer used at this time preferably has a higher peeling property than the easy peeling layer on which the adhesive is first applied. In addition, it is assumed that the polyethylene terephthalate film located on both surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer functions as a release film, and the one having higher peelability is peeled off first.

(Formation of adhesive layer on transparent conductive film)
A transparent adhesive layer obtained as described above is formed on the PET film surface of the transparent conductive layer / PET film. First, one of the two release films attached to both surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off and bonded onto the transparent laminate. The configuration is transparent conductive layer / PET film / adhesive / release film.

(Preparation of antireflection film)
On one main surface of a triacetylcellulose (TAC) film (thickness: 80 μm, Young's modulus: 1300 MPa), a photopolymerization initiator was added to a polyfunctional methacrylate resin, and ITO fine particles (average particle size: 10 nm) were further dispersed. The coating liquid is applied with a gravure coater, a conductive hard coat film (film thickness: 3 μm) is formed by UV curing, and the fluorine-containing organic compound solution is applied on the microgravure coater, dried at 90 ° C, and thermally cured. An antireflection film (thickness: 100 nm) with a refractive index of 1.4 is formed, hard coat properties (pencil hardness according to JISK5400: 2H), gas barrier properties (according to ASTM-E96, 1.8 g / m ² · day) ) Rvis antireflection property (surface: 1.0%), antistatic properties (surface ^{resistance: 7 × 10 9 Ω / □} ), and having a soil resistance Obtaining an antireflection film as a functional transparent layer (E). On the other main surface of the antireflection film, a pressure sensitive adhesive / diluent that is the same material as the pressure sensitive adhesive and does not contain pigment is applied and dried to form a transparent adhesive layer (D) (pressure sensitive adhesive 2) having a thickness of 25 μm. Further, a release film is laminated.

(Production of optical filter)
The transparent conductive film / PET film / adhesive / release film is cut into a size of 970 mm × 570 mm and fixed to a glass support plate with the transparent conductive layer (B) side up. Further, using a laminator, an antireflection film is laminated only on the inner side, leaving a conductive portion so that the peripheral portion 20 mm of the transparent conductive layer (B) is exposed.

  Furthermore, a silver paste (MSP-600F manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) is screen-printed in a range of a peripheral width of 22 mm so as to cover the exposed conductive portion of the transparent conductive layer (B), dried, and a thickness of 15 μm. The electrode is formed. It removes from a support plate and produces the optical filter of this invention which has a release film in the transparent adhesion layer (C) surface.

(Equipped with optical filter)
Further, the release film of the optical filter is peeled off and bonded to the front surface of the plasma display panel (display unit 920 mm × 520 mm) using a single wafer laminator, and then pressurized at 60 ° C. and 2 × 10 ⁵ Pa. Autoclave under warm conditions. The electrode of the optical filter and the ground part of the plasma display panel are connected using a conductive copper foil adhesive tape (510FR) manufactured by Teraoka Seisakusho Co., Ltd., and a display device including the optical filter of the present invention is obtained. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the optical filter as a cross-sectional view showing an example of the optical filter of the present invention and its mounting state. In FIG. 2, on the plasma display panel 40, a transparent adhesive layer 50, a transparent polymer film 10, a transparent conductive layer 60, a transparent adhesive layer 70, a transparent polymer film 80, and an antireflection film characterized by low elasticity in order. Layer 90 is laminated. The electrode 100 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 60 so as to cover the end surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer 70, the transparent polymer film 80, and the antireflection layer 90.

(Impact resistance test)
The impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter manufactured as described above is examined by a hard ball drop test and a drop test. Only pass if both pass, otherwise fail. In each case of pass or fail, the superiority or inferiority of impact resistance is judged from each test result.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

To obtain a laminate capable of providing a PDP that exhibits good impact resistance and passes an impact resistance test in a transparent adhesive layer having a Young's modulus in the range of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa. You can see that It can be seen that sufficient impact resistance cannot be obtained when the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer is larger than 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and smaller than 1 × 10 ² Pa.

( Comparative Example 2)
The same operation as in Comparative Example 1 is performed except that a silicon-based transparent adhesive layer is prepared and used as the transparent adhesive layer characterized by the elastic modulus.

(Production of silicone adhesive)
The following three resins and catalysts are prepared.

  Resin P1 / A copolymer of phenylmethylsiloxane (concentration 50 mol%), monophenylsiloxane (concentration 15 mol%), monomethylsiloxane (concentration 25 mol%), and diphenylsiloxane (concentration 10 mol%). Contains zinc octate catalyst (0.6 wt%). It has a hydroxyl group bonded to silicon.

  Resin P2 / Phenylmethylvinylsiloxy copolymer. It consists of phenylmethylsiloxane (concentration 60 mol%) and phenylvinylsiloxane (40 mol%).

  Copolymer of resin P3 / phenylmethylsiloxane (50 mol%) and hydrogenated methylsiloxane (50 mol%).

Catalyst A / xylene solution in which chloroplatinic acid (concentration 0.2% by weight) is dispersed.
Preparation h / resin P1, resin P2, and resin P3 are mixed in toluene at a weight ratio of 25: 4.0: 1.0 to prepare a 50% mixed solution. Add 15 drops of Catalyst A to the mixture. Let the obtained liquid mixture be the sample h.

  The same procedure as in Formulation h, except that one drop of Formulation i / Catalyst A is added. Let the obtained liquid mixture be the sample i.

Formulation j / Same as Formulation h except that Catalyst A is not added. The resulting mixture is designated as sample j.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

Even when a silicon-based adhesive is used, the PDP equipped with the transparent adhesive layer is reduced by lowering the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer as compared with the case where the acrylic adhesive in Comparative Example 1 is used. It can be seen that the safety standard of impact resistance can be satisfied.

(Comparative Example 3 )
It carries out similarly to the comparative example 1 except the point which used the double duck tape (Sekisui Chemical 5510) as a transparent adhesion layer.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.

A PDP equipped with a conventionally used transparent adhesive is poor in impact resistance, and it can be seen that the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive is equivalent to that in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which had poor impact resistance. .

( Comparative Example 4 )
The same operations as in Comparative Example 1 are performed except for the items described below.

An antireflection film is produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. Instead of a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET) film (thickness: 188 μm, Young's modulus: 4000 MPa) is used as the base film.

A transparent conductive film is produced on the surface opposite to the antireflection layer forming surface of this antireflection film in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.

An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number e) is prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and a dye is dispersed therein to form an adhesive layer.

The transparent adhesive layer obtained by the above is formed on the transparent conductive film of antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film. First, one of the two release films attached to both surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off and bonded onto the transparent laminate to produce an optical filter.
The configuration is antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film / adhesive / release film.

  The laminated body produced as described above is cut into a size of 970 mm × 570 mm to produce an optical filter.

Further, the release film of the optical filter is peeled off and bonded to the front surface of the 42-inch plasma display panel (display portion 920 mm × 520 mm) using a single wafer laminator, and then subjected to 60 ° C. and 2 × 10 ⁵ Pa applied. Autoclave under pressure and warm conditions.

  A hole for screwing with the outside is made in advance around the outside of the display portion on the front surface of the plasma display panel. This screwing hole is electrically connected to the outside of the PDP and can be grounded.

  The optical filter is attached to the PDP so as to cover the screw hole. A screw is fixed to the screw hole so as to penetrate the optical filter from the surface of the optical filter. The screw used must be conductive. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the optical filter as a cross-sectional view showing another example of the optical filter of the present invention and its mounting state. In FIG. 3, a transparent adhesive layer 50, a transparent conductive layer 60, a transparent polymer film 10, and an antireflection layer 90 characterized by low elasticity are sequentially stacked on the plasma display panel 40. The electrode 100 is provided so as to penetrate each layer, and is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 60 and grounded by contact with the conductive screw of the PDP.

Moreover, FIG. 4 is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state which equipped the laminated body based on this invention to OELD (organic electroluminescent display). In FIG. 4, the transparent adhesive layer 50, the transparent polymer film 10, and the antireflection layer 90 characterized by low elasticity are sequentially stacked on the OELD 140.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.

  Even if the number of polymer films constituting the optical filter is one, the impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter can be sufficiently obtained by using the transparent adhesive layer whose Young's modulus is lower than the conventional one. I understand that.

( Comparative Example 5 )
The same operations as in Comparative Example 1 are performed except for the items described below.

As the pressure-sensitive adhesive characterized by low elasticity, the same procedure as in Comparative Example 4 is performed except that the silicon-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number c) used in Comparative Example 2 is used.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.

It can be seen that even when the transparent adhesive layer is a silicon adhesive, sufficient impact resistance can be obtained as in the case of using the acrylic adhesive in Comparative Example 4 .

( Comparative Example 6 )
The same operations as in Comparative Example 1 are performed except for the items described below.
An antireflection film is produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4 .

An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number d) is prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and an adhesive layer is formed.
The transparent adhesive layer obtained as described above is formed on the PET film of antireflection film / PET film. First, one of the two release films attached to both surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off and bonded onto the transparent laminate to produce a further laminate.
The configuration is antireflection film / PET film / adhesive / release film.

  The optical filter produced as described above is cut into a size of 60 mm × 40 mm to produce an optical filter.

  Further, the release film of the optical filter is peeled off and bonded to the front surface of the 3-inch organic electroluminescence display (display portion 60 mm × 40 mm).

Judgment of the acceptance of the impact resistance test is made based on whether or not the glass substrate on the display viewing surface is cracked.
The evaluation results are shown in Table 6.

  It can be seen that by reducing the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer as compared with the conventional one, a small portable display equipped with the transparent adhesive layer is less likely to be broken by an impact caused by dropping.

（比較例７）
以下に示した事項以外は比較例１と同様に実施する。

( Comparative Example 7 )
The same operations as in Comparative Example 1 are performed except for the items described below.

As the pressure-sensitive adhesive characterized by low elasticity, the same procedure as in Comparative Example 6 is performed except that the silicon-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number c) used in Comparative Example 2 is used.

It can be seen that the use of a silicone adhesive as the transparent adhesive layer increases the impact resistance of a small portable display equipped with the same as in the case of using an acrylic adhesive.

( Comparative Example 8 )
The same operation as in Comparative Example 1 was performed except for the following items.

Sample (c) was prepared in (Production of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive).

(Formation of adhesive layer) In the adhesive layer, seven types of thicknesses of 510, 500, 300, 100, 50, 10, 5 μm were prepared.

(Formation of pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on transparent conductive film) The seven types of pressure-sensitive adhesive prepared above were bonded onto the surface of the transparent conductive film / PET film to prepare seven types of laminates. The configuration is transparent conductive film / PET film / adhesive / release film.

In (Preparation of optical filter), the optical transmittance of the optical filter was measured after the optical filter was manufactured. If the luminous average transmittance (Tvis) is lower than 30%, it is determined that it is not practical.

  The evaluation results are shown in Table 8.

  It can be seen that when the thickness of the adhesive layer is smaller than 10 μm, the impact resistance test cannot be satisfied. Moreover, when the thickness of an adhesion layer is larger than 500 micrometers, it turns out that a luminous average transmittance | permeability becomes smaller than 30% and is not useful practically.

  In view of the above, it can be seen that the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 μm.

Regarding the Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer ( Comparative Example 9 )
(Creation of transparent resin layer)
Polyethylene terephthalate pellets 1203 (manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) were melted at 290 to 300 ° C., and a film having a thickness of 200 μm was produced by an extruder. Thereafter, this film is biaxially stretched to produce a PET film having a thickness of 100 μm.

Preparation of optical filter and bonding to front surface of PDP in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the above-described PET film and a transparent adhesive sheet (thickness 0.01 mm, Young's modulus: 2.5 MPa) manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Mill were used. I do.

  FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the optical filter as a cross-sectional view showing another example of the optical filter of the present invention and its mounting state. In FIG. 5, a transparent adhesive layer 250, a transparent resin layer 210 having appropriate elasticity and thickness, a transparent conductive layer 260, a transparent adhesive layer 270, a transparent resin layer 280, and an antireflection layer 290 are sequentially formed on the plasma display panel 240. Are stacked. The electrode 300 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 260 so as to cover the end faces of the transparent adhesive layer 270, the transparent resin layer 280, and the antireflection layer 290.

(Impact resistance test)
The impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter manufactured as described above is examined by a hard ball drop test. The superiority or inferiority was judged by the distance that the scattered glass reached. That is, it was evaluated that the performance of the equipped optical filter was lower as the glass was scattered farther. In the present invention, the transparent resin layer is considered to function effectively when the glass scattering distance is within 0.5 m.

( Comparative Example 10 )
It implements similarly to the comparative example 9 except not having extended | stretched PET of a transparent resin layer.

( Comparative Example 11 )
As a transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity, an ethylene / propylene copolymer (thickness 1
This is carried out in the same manner as Comparative Example 9 except that 00 μm and Young's modulus 40 MPa in the direction perpendicular to the surface are used.

( Comparative Example 12 )
The process is carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 9 except that an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (thickness 100 μm, Young's modulus 12 MPa in the direction perpendicular to the surface) is used as the transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity.

( Comparative Example 13 )
The same procedure as in Comparative Example 9 is performed except that EVA (thickness 100 μm, Young's modulus 4 MPa in the direction perpendicular to the surface) is used as the transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity.

( Comparative Example 14 )
An antireflection film is produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 9 , except that EVA (thickness 200 μm, Young's modulus 12 MPa in the direction perpendicular to the surface) is used as the base film. A transparent conductive film is produced on the surface opposite to the antireflection layer forming surface of this antireflection film in the same manner as in Comparative Example 9 .

An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 9, and a pigment is dispersed therein to form an adhesive layer.

  The transparent adhesive layer obtained by the above is formed on the transparent conductive film of antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film. First, one of the two release films attached to both surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off and bonded onto the transparent laminate to produce an optical filter. The configuration is antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film / adhesive / release film.

  The laminated body produced as described above is cut into a size of 970 mm × 570 mm to produce an optical filter.

  Further, the release film of the optical filter is peeled off and bonded to the front surface of the 42-inch plasma display panel (display unit 920 mm × 520 mm) using a single wafer laminator.

  In addition, a hole for screwing with the outside is made in advance around the outside of the display portion on the front surface of the plasma display panel. This screwing hole is electrically connected to the outside of the PDP and can be grounded.

  The optical filter is attached to the PDP so as to cover the screw hole. A screw is fixed to the screw hole so as to penetrate the optical filter from the surface of the optical filter. In addition, the screw to be used needs to have conductivity. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the optical filter as a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the optical filter of the present invention and a mounted state thereof. In FIG. 6, a transparent adhesive layer 250, a transparent conductive layer 260, a transparent resin layer 210, and an antireflection layer 290 are sequentially stacked on the plasma display panel 240. The electrode 300 is provided so as to penetrate each layer, and is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 260 and grounded by contact with the conductive screw of the PDP.

( Comparative Example 15 )
The same operation as in Comparative Example 14 is performed except that EVA (thickness 200 μm, Young's modulus 4 MPa in the direction perpendicular to the surface) is used as the transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity.

  Table 9 shows the evaluation results. The number of components is the number of all transparent resin layers constituting the laminate. The glass scattering distance is the result after the hard ball drop test.

( Comparative Example 16 )
The filter sheet of Comparative Example 11 was cut into a size of 40 mm × 30 mm and bonded to the viewing surface of a 2-inch organic electroluminescence element (dimensions 40 mm × 30 mm).

  Moreover, FIG. 7 is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the state which equipped the laminated body based on this invention to OELD (organic electroluminescent display). In FIG. 7, a transparent adhesive layer 250, a transparent resin layer 210, and an antireflection layer 290 are sequentially stacked on the OELD 340.

  The impact resistance of this element is examined by a drop test. In the present invention, it is considered that the transparent resin layer sufficiently exerts the impact preventing function when the glass scattering distance is within 0.5 m.

( Comparative Example 17 )
The same operation as in Comparative Example 16 is performed except that the PET film prepared in Comparative Example 15 is used.

  Table 10 shows the evaluation results. A material refers to the material of the transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity and thickness. The Young's modulus is the Young's modulus in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer. The glass scattering distance is the result after the drop test.

Next, the case where a shock absorbing layer is used will be described.
( Comparative Example 18 )
(Preparation of transparent conductive layer)
A transparent conductive layer in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that a PET film (thickness: 75 μm, Young's modulus: 3900 MPa) and a transparent adhesive sheet (thickness 0.01 mm, Young's modulus: 2.5 MPa) manufactured by Yodogawa Paper Mill were used. Create.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer)
When a silicone gel-like substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α gel, sheet having a thickness of 500 μm, luminous average transmittance of 83%, penetration of 180) is prepared, and an antireflection film is prepared as described above Similarly, an antireflection layer is formed on one main surface. Further, a transparent adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is bonded to the other main surface.

  An optical filter is prepared and bonded to a PDP in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above-described transparent conductive film and impact absorbing layer are used.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the optical filter of the present invention and its mounted state. In FIG. 8, on the plasma display panel 440, a transparent adhesive layer 450, a transparent resin layer 410, a transparent conductive layer 460, a transparent adhesive layer 470, a transparent resin layer 480, an antireflection layer 490, and a shock absorbing layer 500 are sequentially laminated. Is done. The electrode 510 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 460 so as to cover the end surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, and the antireflection layer 490.

(Impact resistance test)
The impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter manufactured as described above is examined by a hard ball drop test.

( Comparative Example 19 )
The same operation as in Comparative Example 18 was performed except for the following items.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer) Prepare a silicone gel substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α gel, 500 μm thick sheet, penetration 180, visual transmittance 83%). A transparent adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is bonded onto the surface.

In (Preparation of optical filter), it is obtained by bonding the dye-containing adhesive layer of the optical filter of Example 1 and the surface of the shock absorbing layer on which the transparent adhesive layer is not formed.

  The resulting structure is antireflection layer / TAC film / transparent adhesive layer / transparent conductive layer / dye-containing adhesive layer / impact absorbing layer / adhesive layer / separator film.

  Furthermore, a silver paste (MSP-600F manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) is screen-printed in a range of a width of 22 mm at the peripheral edge so as to cover the exposed conductive portion of the transparent conductive layer, and dried to form an electrode having a thickness of 15 μm. To do.

In (equipment of optical filter), a sectional view of a PDP provided with the optical filter is shown in FIG. 9 together with a sectional view of the optical filter. In FIG. 9, an impact absorbing layer 500, a transparent adhesive layer 450, a transparent resin layer 410, a transparent conductive layer 460, a transparent adhesive layer 470, a transparent resin layer 480, and an antireflection layer 490 are sequentially stacked on the plasma display panel 440. Is done. The electrode 510 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 460 so as to cover the end surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, and the antireflection layer 490.

( Comparative Example 20 )
The same operation as in Comparative Example 18 was performed except for the following items.
Two types of shock absorbing layers were prepared.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer I)
A silicone gel-like substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α gel, sheet having a thickness of 500 μm, luminous average transmittance of 83%, penetration of 180) is prepared, and the same as the case of creating the antireflection film in the above. Thus, an antireflection layer is formed on one main surface. Further, a transparent adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is bonded to the other main surface. This is referred to as shock absorbing layer I.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer II)
A silicone gel material (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α gel, sheet having a thickness of 500 μm, luminous average transmittance of 83%, penetration of 180) is prepared, and a transparent adhesive (thickness) is provided on one main surface. : 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa). This is called shock absorbing layer II.

(Production of optical filter)
The pigment-containing adhesive layer of the optical filter of Comparative Example 1 and the shock-absorbing layer II on which the transparent adhesive layer is not formed are bonded together.

  The structure of the resulting laminate is antireflective layer / TAC film / transparent adhesive layer / transparent conductive layer / dye-containing adhesive layer / impact absorbing layer / adhesive layer / separator film.

Furthermore, a silver paste (MSP-600F manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) is screen-printed in a range of a width of 22 mm at the peripheral edge so as to cover the exposed conductive portion of the transparent conductive layer, and dried to form an electrode having a thickness of 15 μm. To do.
The transparent adhesive side of the shock absorbing layer I and the antireflection film side of the laminate are bonded together.

  Subsequently, the laminate is removed from the support plate, and the optical filter of the present invention having a release film on the transparent adhesive layer surface is produced.

  A sectional view of a PDP provided with the optical filter is shown in FIG. 10 together with a sectional view of the optical filter. In FIG. 10, on the plasma display panel 440, the shock absorbing layer 500, the transparent adhesive layer 450, the transparent resin layer 410, the transparent conductive layer 460, the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, the antireflection layer 490, and the impact are sequentially provided. The absorption layer 500 is laminated. The electrode 510 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 460 so as to cover the end surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, and the antireflection layer 490.

( Comparative Example 21 )
Preparation and evaluation were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 18 except that the antireflection film and the shock absorbing layer II were not used.

(Comparative Example 22 )
It implemented similarly to the comparative example 18 except the point which does not form a shock absorption layer.
The results of Comparative Examples 18 to 22 are listed in Table 11 above.

As can be seen from the results of Comparative Examples 18 to 21 in Table 11, it can be seen that in all the Comparative Examples, plasma display panels that pass the impact resistance test can be obtained.

As shown in Comparative Example 22 , the plasma display panel including the optical filter using the laminate that does not include the shock absorbing layer does not pass the impact resistance test.

( Comparative Example 23 )
(Preparation of antireflection film)
An antireflection layer is formed on the PET film (thickness: 188 μm, Young's modulus: 4000 MPa) in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and an adhesive layer (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is formed on the opposite surface. Formed. The configuration is antireflection layer / PET film / adhesive layer.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer)
In the case of preparing an antireflection film as described above by preparing a silicone gel-like substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α gel, sheet having a thickness of 500 μm, luminous average transmittance of 83%, penetration of 180) In the same manner as described above, an antireflection layer is formed on one main surface. Further, a transparent adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is bonded to the other main surface.

(Production of optical filter)
The antireflection film cut to a size of 40 mm × 30 mm and the shock absorbing layer are bonded together. The constitution is antireflection layer / PET film / adhesive layer / impact absorbing layer / adhesive layer / separator.

  This is pasted on the screen of a 2 inch type organic electroluminescence element (size 40 mm × 30 mm).

FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of an organic electroluminescence element provided with the antireflection film together with a cross-sectional view of the antireflection film. In FIG. 11, the transparent adhesive layer 50, the transparent resin layer 10, and the antireflection layer 90 are sequentially laminated on the organic electroluminescence display 520.
The impact resistance of this element was examined by a drop test.

(Comparative Example 24 )
It implemented similarly to the comparative example 23 except the point which did not form the shock absorption layer.
The results of Comparative Example 23 and Comparative Example 24 are listed in Table 12 above.

As can be seen from the results of Comparative Example 23 in Table 12, it can be seen that an organic electroluminescent device that passes the impact resistance test can be obtained by using an optical filter having a shock absorbing layer. Moreover, as shown in Comparative Example 24 , the organic electroluminescence device including the laminate or the optical filter that does not include the shock absorbing layer does not pass the impact resistance test.
Next, a case where a falling ball impact test is evaluated will be described.

( Comparative Example 25 )
(Preparation of transparent conductive film)
In the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, a polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter PET) film (width 564 mm, length 500 m, thickness 75 μm, Young's modulus: 3900 MPa) was formed as a polymer film on one main surface, and in order from the PET film, an ITO thin film (Film thickness: 40 nm), silver thin film (film thickness: 10 nm), ITO thin film (film thickness: 95 nm), silver thin film (film thickness: 12 nm), ITO thin film (film thickness: 90 nm), silver thin film (film thickness: 9 nm) ), A total of seven transparent conductive layers of ITO thin film (film thickness: 40 nm) were formed, and a transparent conductive film having a transparent conductive layer having a surface resistance of 2.3Ω / □ was produced. A transparent adhesive layer was formed on the side opposite to the transparent conductive layer. A cross-sectional view is shown in FIG.

(Preparation of AG film)
AG film (manufactured by NOF Corporation, brand: PET75AG-HC / PU-V, a transparent adhesive layer is formed on the opposite side of the AG layer, width 558 mm, length 500 m, thickness 75 μm) (base material layer: PET film , Young's modulus: 3900 MPa).

(Preparation of EVA sheet)
Extrusion using ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (made by Mitsui DuPont Polychemicals, containing 19 wt% vinyl acetate unit, MFR = 2.5 g / 10 min, JIS-A hardness = 89, Young's modulus: 43 MPa), width Sheets having a size of 564 mm, thickness of 0.23 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.93 mm, 1.3 mm, and 2.1 mm are manufactured. A transparent adhesive layer (no pigment, thickness 0.01 mm) is bonded to one side of this.

(Lamination)
By the roll-to-roll method, the adhesive layer side of the transparent conductive film and the adhesive layer side of the 2.1 mm thick EVA sheet are bonded together.

  Next, the transparent conductive layer side of the laminate and the adhesive layer side of the AG film are bonded together by a roll-to-roll method. In addition, about the position of the width direction of a film, it was set as the position where the center position of each film corresponds. The total thickness is about 2.3 mm.

(Cut)
The above laminate is cut to a size of 958 mm * 564 mm.

(Electrode formation)
A silver paste was applied to the long side portion of the laminate over a width of 6 mm by a screen printing method and dried to obtain a display filter 1. Application was performed on the AG film side.

(Mounting to plasma display panel)
A display filter was attached to the front surface of the plasma display panel (PX-42VP1 manufactured by NEC) via a transparent adhesive layer containing a dye. A contact provided in advance in the plasma display panel was brought into contact with the electrode portion of the display filter. Cover all the electrodes provided over the entire circumference.

(Evaluation of electromagnetic wave shielding ability)
The plasma display panel is operated and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave emitted to the outside is measured based on FCC standard Part 15J. This filter meets Class A criteria.

(Falling ball impact test)
A LC-20KNG702 compression type load cell (rated capacity 20 kN, rated output 1160 * 10 ⁻⁶ strain) manufactured by Nikkei Denso Co., Ltd. is fixed on the stone table, and a sample obtained by cutting the filter into a 50 mm * 50 mm size at the center of the load cell Fix and drop 543g steel ball from 10cm height at room temperature. The stress and time at that time are measured by connecting the load cell to the NEC Seiei AS2102 dynamic strain meter, the NEC Sanei company AP11-103 high-speed DC amplifier, and the NEC Sanei company RA1200 thermal dot recorder. The results are shown in Table 1.

  Moreover, even if the same sample film is fixed on a plasma display panel (PX-42VP1 manufactured by NEC) and a 543 g steel ball is dropped from a height of 10 cm, the PDP panel is not damaged.

( Comparative Example 26 )
A sample sheet and a falling ball impact test are performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 25 except that the trade name α-gel (Geltec silicone gel, 3 mm thick, with single-sided transparent adhesive) is used instead of the EVA sheet. The results are shown in Table 13.

(Comparative Example 27 )
A sample sheet is prepared and a falling ball impact test is performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 25 except that a PET sheet (thickness: 2 mm, Young's modulus: 900 MPa) is used instead of EVA and α gel. The results are shown in Table 13.

  Next, a case where a falling ball impact test evaluation of a laminate composed of two or more layers having different JIS-A hardness is described.

(Example 1 )
A falling ball impact test is performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 25 except that a sample sheet in which an α gel having a thickness of 1 mm, EVA having a thickness of 0.23 mm, and a laminate are bonded is used. The results are shown in Table 14.

( Comparative Example 28 )
(Preparation of styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (SEBS) sheet)
Styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (trade name: Kraton G1657, JIS-A hardness: 55, Young's modulus: 1.2 MPa) pellets made by Shell Co., Ltd., extrusion molding, width 564 mm, thickness 0.36 mm, 0.54 mm, 1 Create a sheet of size 02 mm. A transparent adhesive layer (no pigment, 0.01 mm) is bonded to one side of this.

(Bonding, falling ball impact test)
Bonding and a falling ball impact test were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an EVA sheet having a thickness of 0.36 mm and SEBS having a thickness of 0.93 mm were used instead of α gel. The results are shown in Table 14.

( Comparative Example 29 )
A sample sheet was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 28 except that the EVA sheet thickness was 0.23 mm, the size was 50 mm in each length and width, and electrode printing was not performed, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 2 )
EVA sheet thickness was 0.94 mm, and trade name α gel (Geltec silicone gel, 50 mm * 50 mm * 0.3 mm size with single-sided transparent adhesive, JIS-A hardness <10) was used instead of SEBS sheet. A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 29, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 3 )
A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the EVA sheet thickness was 0.23 mm and the α gel thickness was 1 mm, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 4 )
A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the EVA sheet thickness was 0.36 mm and the α gel thickness was 1 mm, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 5 )
A sample sheet was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a SEBS sheet (thickness 0.36 mm) was used instead of the EVA sheet, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 6 )
A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the SEBS sheet was 0.93 mm thick and the α gel was 0.3 mm, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 7 )
(Preparation of EVA / ethylene propylene terpolymer (EPT) co-crosslinked sheet)
40 parts EVA, 60 parts by weight Mitsui EPT (ethylene / propylene / ethylidene norbornene copolymer), 25 parts by weight silica, 27 parts by weight paraffin oil, stabilizer, silane coupling agent, peroxide, stabilizer After kneading and melt kneading, sheets having a length of 150 mm, a width of 150 mm, and thicknesses of 0.54 mm and 1.17 mm were obtained (hereinafter referred to as EVT, JIS-A hardness: 64, Young's modulus: 1.2 MPa) ). The JIS-A hardness was 64 in all cases. The pressure-sensitive adhesive (no pigment, thickness 0.01 mm) was attached to this one surface.

(Falling ball impact test)
Example 6 except that 0.54 mm thick EVT and α gel (Geltec silicone gel, 50 mm * 50 mm * 0.5 mm size with single-sided transparent adhesive, JIS-A hardness <10) was used instead of SEBS A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as described above, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

( Comparative Example 30 )
A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7 except that SEBS having a thickness of 0.36 mm was used instead of α gel, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 8 )
A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 30 except that the α gel thickness was changed to 0.54 mm instead of SEBS, and a falling ball impact test was performed. The results are shown in Table 14.

( Comparative Example 31 )
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the α gel was 0.5 mm and the thickness of the EVA was 0.36 mm. The results are shown in Table 15.

( Comparative Example 32 )
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the α gel was 0.5 mm and the thickness of the SEBS was 0.5 mm. The results are shown in Table 15.

( Comparative Example 33 )
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of SEBS was 0.45 mm and the thickness of EVT was 0.45 mm. The results are shown in Table 15.

  From the above results, it can be seen that if one or more impact relaxation layers are provided and the T / F value is 200 or more, the panel is not damaged.

The following embodiments are possible for the present invention.
(1) A laminate comprising at least a transparent adhesive layer and a transparent resin layer and having a thickness of 3.5 mm or less,
In the stress-time curve in the falling ball impact test in which a steel ball having a weight in the range of 530 g to 550 g is dropped from a height of 10 cm, from the impact stress generation to the first peak: T (μs) and the first peak Impact stress at time: F (kN),
T / F ≧ 200
A laminate characterized by satisfying the above relationship.
(2) The laminate according to the configuration (1), further comprising a shock absorbing layer.

(3) one or more transparent adhesive layers;
A laminate comprising one or more transparent resin layers, wherein the laminate according to the configuration (1) satisfies at least one of the following (I) to (Iv).
(I) The Young's modulus of at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer is 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, and the thickness is 10 to 500 μm.
(II) The Young's modulus of at least one of the transparent resin layers is 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, and the thickness is 10 to 3000 μm.
(III) An impact absorbing layer is included, and the penetration of at least one of the impact absorbing layers is 50 to 200.
(IV) There are two layers having a total of two or more transparent resin layers and / or shock absorbing layers, and a JIS-A hardness ratio of 1.1 or more.

  (4) The laminate according to the constitution (3), wherein the transparent adhesive layer contains an acrylic resin or a silicon resin as a main component.

  (5) The constitution (3), wherein the transparent resin layer comprises at least one selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer. ) The laminate described.

  (6) The laminate according to the configuration (3), wherein the shock absorbing layer contains a silicone gel.

  (7) The laminated body according to the constitution (3), wherein the transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer have a JIS-A hardness of 0 to 98.

  (8) The laminate according to (1), wherein at least one of the transparent resin layers includes a transparent conductive layer or a metal mesh layer having a surface resistance of 0.01 to 30 Ω / □.

  (9) At least one of the transparent resin layers has at least one function selected from an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antifouling function, an antistatic function, a polarizing function, and a retardation forming function. The laminate according to the configuration (1).

  (10) The laminate according to the configuration (1), wherein the transparent resin layer has a filter function of filtering at least one of the electromagnetic wave, the near infrared region, and the visible light region.

  (11) A display device comprising the laminate according to the configuration (1) provided on a display viewing surface.

  The present invention can be implemented in various other forms without departing from the spirit or main features thereof. Accordingly, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is shown in the claims, and is not limited to the text of the specification.

  Further, all modifications and changes belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a transparent conductive film. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state which equipped the laminated body which concerns on this invention to OELD. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in OELD. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the further another example of the state equipped with the laminated body which concerns on this invention in OELD.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Transparent polymer film 20 High refractive index thin film layer 30 Metal thin film layer 40 Plasma display panel 50 Transparent adhesive layer 60 characterized by low elasticity Transparent conductive layer 70 Transparent adhesive layer 80 Transparent polymer film 90 Antireflection layer 100 Electrode 140 Organic electroluminescence display

Claims (9)

One or more transparent adhesive layers;
One or more transparent resin layers ;
A laminate comprising one or more types of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 in at least one layer . One or more transparent adhesive layers;
One or more transparent resin layers , including at least one layer selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer, and at least one layer of Young A transparent resin layer having a rate of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
Including one or more kinds of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 of at least one layer,
A laminate comprising two layers having a JIS-A hardness ratio of 1.1 or more between a transparent resin layer and a shock absorbing layer . A transparent adhesive layer having one or more transparent adhesive layers, the main component of which is an acrylic resin or silicone resin, the Young's modulus of at least one layer being 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, and the thickness being 10 to 500 μm; ,
1 or more transparent resin layers comprising at least one layer selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer, and at least one layer of Young A transparent resin layer having a rate of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
Silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and comprises one or more gel selected from acrylic, the product layer you anda shock absorbing layer is a penetration 50 to 200 at least one layer body. A transparent adhesive layer having one or more transparent adhesive layers, the main component of which is an acrylic resin or silicone resin, the Young's modulus of at least one layer being 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, and the thickness being 10 to 500 μm; ,
1 or more transparent resin layers comprising at least one layer selected from polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and transparent elastomer, and at least one layer of Young A transparent resin layer having a rate of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
Including one or more kinds of gels selected from silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic, and an impact absorbing layer having a penetration of 50 to 200 of at least one layer,
You characterized in that the two layers are present in the JIS-A ratio is 1.1 or more relationships hardness between the transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer product Sotai. At least one layer of the transparent resin layer is laminated according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it comprises a transparent conductive layer or a metal mesh layer having a surface resistance of 0.01~30Ω / □ body. At least one of the transparent resin layers has at least one function selected from an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antifouling function, an antistatic function, a polarizing function, and a retardation forming function. Item 6. The laminate according to any one of Items 1 to 5 . Transparent resin layer, the total area of the electromagnetic wave, the laminated body according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has a filter function for filtering at least one electromagnetic wave of the near infrared region and the visible light region . A display device comprising the laminate according to claim 1 provided on a display viewing surface. A display filter provided on a display viewing surface, comprising the laminate according to claim 1, having a thickness of 3.5 mm or less, and a weight in a range of 530 g to 550 g. In the stress hour curve in a ball drop impact test in which a steel ball falls from a height of 10 cm, T (μs) from the generation of the impact stress to the first peak: and the impact stress at the first peak: F ( kN),
T / F ≧ 200
A display filter characterized by satisfying the relationship of

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