JP2004181975A - Laminate and display device using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laminate which can easily attain a safety standards such as a shock resistance keeping cost-reduction in the case of providing it on the visual inspection surface of the display, and a display using it. <P>SOLUTION: The shock resistance is improved by using a filter for the display which has a specific parameter and specific thickness. The resistance is improved by using a filter for the display which has a specific Young's modulus and a transparent adhesive layer with specific thickness. The resistance is improved by using a filter for the display which has a specific Young's modulus and a transparent resin layer with specific thickness. The resistance is improved by using a filter of the display which has a specific penetration and a shock absorbing layer with specific thickness. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  When the present invention is installed on a screen of a display such as a plasma display (PDP), a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OELD), and a field emission display, the mechanical strength is strengthened or broken. The present invention relates to a laminate capable of imparting functions such as protection against electromagnetic waves, shielding of electromagnetic waves, shielding of near-infrared rays, change of color tone, and a display device using the same.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as society has become more sophisticated, optoelectronics-related components and devices have been significantly advanced. Among them, displays for displaying images have been remarkably popular in computer monitor devices and information terminal devices in addition to conventional television devices. Among them, the market demand for a large and thin display or a small and lightweight display for portable use is increasing.

  Pushing the size of displays and downsizing for portable applications raises safety concerns.

  The viewing surface of the display is usually made of a glass plate. The larger the area of the glass plate, the more easily the glass plate is broken by an external impact. Also, the more the user carries the device outside and carries it, the greater the chance of receiving an external impact increases, and the more easily the device is broken.

  The safety of displays against external impacts is regulated by the Electrical Appliance and Material Control Law as follows.

  For example, regarding protection of a cathode ray tube, for a cathode ray tube having a cathode ray tube having a nominal maximum diameter (diagonal length in the case of a square shape) of more than 160 mm, the cathode ray tube is normally mounted on a cabinet, and the cathode ray tube is mounted. When a hard sphere having a diameter of 50 mm and a weight of 500 g is dropped in a pendulum shape from a height of 1400 mm on the front surface of the device, the following must be satisfied. That is, (1) when the protection plate is made of laminated glass or synthetic resin, the fragments are not scattered on the front surface. (2) When the protection plate is made of reinforced glass, cracks, cracks and other abnormalities are caused. (3) In the case where the protective plate is not provided, debris does not scatter on the front surface.

  Regarding the mechanical strength of the CRT, if the CRT has a nominal diameter of the maximum diameter (diagonal length in the case of a square type) exceeding 160 mm, the CRT has a protection plate. When the glass was broken by a mechanical method or a thermal shock method, the weight of glass fragments scattered between barriers provided at 900 mm and 1500 mm in front of the CRT was 15 g or less in a single piece, and 45 g or less in total weight. And fragments that weigh more than 1 g do not fly over the barrier provided at 1500 mm in front of the CRT.

  The method of adding mechanical strength is more specifically defined, for example, in the UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.) standard. One example is a drop test. In this test, the display element is dropped on a plate from a height of 750 mm. The board is a 20 mm thick hardwood board. A laminated plate obtained by combining two 20 mm-thick plates is placed on concrete, and the plates are placed thereon.

  As displays that can be made large and thin, plasma display panels (PDPs) have recently attracted attention in addition to existing liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and are expected to be the next-generation large displays. I have.

  A PDP usually has an optical filter on its viewing surface. This optical filter is used for the purpose of blocking electromagnetic waves and near infrared rays generated from the PDP main body. In addition, the optical filter often has a function of changing the emission color of the PDP body to a preferable color tone.

  The optical filter is obtained by adding a function to a transparent support substrate made of a glass plate or a resin plate. In the conventional PDP, the transparent support base of the optical filter has a function as a front protective plate, and thus can easily achieve the safety standard defined by the Electricity Control Law.

  However, there is a need to significantly reduce manufacturing costs in order to spread the PDP to the market. Cost reduction is also required for the optical filter, and the material cost of the transparent support base, the manufacturing cost by the single-wafer method, and the like are considered.

  On the other hand, a liquid crystal display (LCD) usually includes a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a film having an antireflection function, and the like on a viewing surface. Since they substantially have a display protection function, conventional LCDs can easily achieve the safety standards set by the Electricity Control Law.

  The screen size of the LCD is generally up to 20 inches, but the market demand for a larger display is rapidly expanding, and thus the LCD is being made larger. However, as the size of the glass serving as the substrate becomes larger, the glass is more likely to break, and it is difficult for the display to satisfy the safety standards specified by the Electricity Control Law or the like using the conventional methods.

  Since the LCD for small portable terminals is assumed to be frequently carried around, there are many opportunities to receive an external impact by dropping or hitting the LCD. Although these have durability against a certain magnitude of impact due to the protective function of the polarizing plate and the antireflection function film provided on the viewing surface, they are insufficient. In fact, most of the complaints received by mobile terminal manufacturers from users are caused by the phenomenon that the LCD is cracked.

  As for the organic EL display (OELD) and the field emission display (FED), similarly to the case of the LCD, if the size is increased, the glass substrate is liable to be broken, so that it is difficult to satisfy the safety standards specified in the Electricity Control Law. Breakage and cracking due to impact also become a problem for small portable terminals. In particular, in the case of OELD and FED, since the LCD does not have the polarizing plate and the retardation plate, the number of protective members is substantially reduced, and the glass substrate is more easily broken than the LCD.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate that can easily achieve safety standards such as impact resistance when installed on a display viewing surface while reducing costs, and a display device using the same.

The present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above problems,
In a laminate having parameters obtained in a specific impact test having a specific range, and a laminate including a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and an impact absorption layer as needed,
The Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer is in a specific range,
The Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer is in a specific range,
The penetration of the shock absorbing layer is in a specific range,
A laminate that meets at least one of the requirements of:
However, they have found that the problem in the present invention can be solved, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, the object of the present invention can be solved by the invention specified by the following matters.

The present invention includes one or more transparent adhesive layers,
A laminate comprising at least one transparent resin layer,
(I) at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm;
(II) at least one layer of the transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
(III) a shock absorbing layer, wherein at least one of the shock absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200;
Characterized by satisfying at least one of the following requirements.

The present invention also includes one or more transparent adhesive layers,
A laminate comprising at least one transparent resin layer,
(I) at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm;
(II) at least one layer of the transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
(III) a shock-absorbing layer, wherein at least one of the shock-absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200, and (IV) a transparent resin layer and / or a shock-absorbing layer having a total of two or more layers. There are two layers having a relationship of A hardness of 1.1 or more,
Characterized by satisfying at least one of the following requirements.

  The present invention is characterized in that the transparent adhesive layer has an acrylic resin or a silicone resin as a main component.

The present invention is characterized in that the transparent adhesive layer contains at least one selected from a polyester resin, a polypropylene resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, a polyurethane, and a transparent elastomer.
The present invention is characterized in that the shock absorbing layer contains a silicone-based gel.

  The present invention is characterized in that at least one of the transparent resin layers includes a transparent conductive layer or a metal mesh layer having a sheet resistance of 0.01 to 30 Ω / □.

  The present invention provides that at least one of the transparent resin layers has at least one function selected from an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antifouling function, an antistatic function, a polarizing function, and a phase difference forming function. Features.

  The present invention is characterized in that the transparent resin layer has a filter function of filtering at least one electromagnetic wave of the whole region of the electromagnetic wave, the near infrared region, and the visible light region.

  The present invention is a display device characterized in that the above-mentioned laminate is provided on a display viewing surface.

  As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the cost can be reduced, and when installed on the display viewing surface, safety standards such as impact resistance can be easily achieved. As a result, a large display device or a small portable terminal display device having excellent impact resistance can be realized at low cost.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a laminate according to the present invention and a display device using the same will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first laminate is formed of a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and, if necessary, an impact absorbing layer, and a steel ball having a weight in the range of 530 g to 550 g is dropped from a height of 10 cm. Assessed by test. The display filter according to the present invention has a stress-time curve obtained by the above-described impact test, in which the time from the occurrence of the impact stress to the first peak: T (μs) and the impact stress at the first peak: F (kN). Between,
T / F ≧ 200
Meets. For the measurement, a Nikkei Denso LC-20KNG702 compression-type load cell (rated capacity 20 kN, rated output 1160 * 10 ^-6 strain) was fixed on a hard and stable horizontal surface such as a stone table, and a 5 cm square was placed at the center on the load cell. The sample film is fixed, and 530 to 550 g of steel balls are dropped from a height of 10 cm at room temperature. The stress and time at that time were determined by connecting the load cell, the AS2102 type dynamic strain meter manufactured by NEC Sanei, the AP11-103 type high-speed DC amplifier manufactured by NEC Sanei, and the RA1200 thermal dot recorder manufactured by NEC Sanei. Measure.

  In general, it is considered that reducing impact stress is a major factor in improving impact resistance. However, not only the stress but also the “T / F” value, which takes into account the impact generation time, evaluates the impact resistance. Is an important parameter.

  The value of the impact resistance parameter “T / F” of the present invention is 200 or more, preferably 230 or more, more preferably 250 or more.

  If the “T / F” value is less than 200, the possibility of damage of the member when mounted on a display member such as a PDP panel, which will be described later, increases, which may not be practically preferable. Further, the laminate satisfying the above conditions has extremely high impact resistance, and conforms to the above-mentioned Electrical Appliance and Material Control Law and UL standards.

The second laminate of the present invention comprises a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent resin layer, and, if necessary, a shock absorbing layer,
(I) at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm;
(II) at least one layer of the transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
(III) at least one of the shock absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200;
At least one requirement is satisfied.

Hereinafter, each layer of the first and second laminates will be described in detail.
(Transparent adhesive layer)
The transparent adhesive layer has a Young's modulus of preferably 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, and the transparent adhesive layer has a thickness of preferably 10 to 500 μm.

  Since the transparent adhesive layer has low elasticity, when an impact is applied to the display element, the impact on the glass on the viewing surface can be reduced, and scattering of the broken glass can be prevented.

  In order for the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to absorb an external impact and prevent transmission to the visual recognition surface, the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is deformed by the external impact, so that the impact force is reduced and counteracted. It is considered good. It is considered that the elasticity of the transparent adhesive layer should be made as low as possible.

  In addition, in order to prevent the broken glass from scattering, it is considered that the glass piece should not exceed the adhesive force that the glass piece has with the transparent adhesive layer so that the glass does not try to fly out. . For that purpose, it is considered that the adhesive itself deforms and absorbs the force of the glass piece trying to fly out and cancels out. From this point as well, it is considered that the elasticity of the transparent adhesive layer should be made as low as possible.

The elasticity of the transparent adhesive layer in the present invention is preferably such that the Young's modulus is in the range of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, more preferably 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁵ Pa, and still more preferably 1 × 10 ⁵ Pa. ^{It is 2} to 1 × 10 ⁴ Pa.

When the Young's modulus of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is too large, that is, larger than 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa, when a shock is applied to the display element from the viewing surface side or when mechanical strength is applied to the entire display element, the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive becomes The layer cannot absorb the impact, and the substrate glass on the viewing surface is easily broken or scattered.

When the Young's modulus of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is too small, that is, smaller than 1 × 10 ² Pa, the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer itself is easily broken, and it is difficult to prevent the broken glass from scattering.

  It is preferable that the transparent adhesive layer in the present invention is as transparent as possible. Here, “transparent” means that the visible light luminous average transmittance (hereinafter, sometimes abbreviated as luminous average transmittance) is 50% or more when the thickness is 100 μm.

  The material that can be used for the transparent adhesive layer is not particularly specified as long as the above conditions can be satisfied. Specific examples include a rubber-based adhesive, an acrylic-based adhesive, a silicone-based adhesive, and a vinyl-based adhesive. Above all, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives and silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives are originally made of a material having low elasticity, and it is easy to produce a layer having a low Young's modulus as characterized in the present invention, and furthermore, since the transparency is high, it is preferably used. Can be used.

(Thickness of transparent adhesive)
The thickness of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 μm, more preferably 50 to 500 μm, and still more preferably 100 to 500 μm. If the thickness is too large, that is, if it exceeds 500 μm, the transparency will be lost. On the other hand, if the thickness is too small, that is, smaller than 10 μm, the function of absorbing impact cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

(Acrylic adhesive)
Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are widely used because they are inexpensive. The acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is mainly composed of an acrylic polymer, and the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is obtained by solution polymerization of monomers having a basic structure.

  In the solution polymerization, usually, an acrylic monomer is polymerized in an organic solvent such as an ester, an aromatic hydrocarbon or a ketone using a peroxide or an azo catalyst. The solvent, monomer composition concentration, and the like are determined depending on the end use and required performance.

  Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives can be broadly classified into non-crosslinked and crosslinked types.

  The non-crosslinked type is a type that is used as it is after being coated and dried, and has thermoplasticity. For this reason, it is generally difficult to obtain elasticity due to cohesion.

  In order to impart cohesiveness and increase elasticity, the type and quantitative change of the copolymerized monomer and the addition of other resins such as a polymer or a phenol resin from the outside are performed. Thereby, it is designed to have preferable cohesiveness, tackiness and adhesiveness.

  In order to impart cohesiveness, it is more effective to rely on a copolymer monomer than on the degree of polymerization. Specifically, the coagulation component and the modifying component are selected from the copolymerized monomers, and the balance between the two is important. Generally, vinyl acetate is a convenient monomer for the aggregating component, and a mono- or dicarboxylic acid-containing monomer is selected as the modifying component.

  As a type for imparting cohesiveness, there is a cross-linking type. In the crosslinked type, the cohesiveness, tackiness, and adhesiveness are balanced depending on the degree of crosslinking.

  Examples of conventionally used formulations of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are vinyl acetate, octyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and maleic anhydride.

  Here, the components that influence the cohesiveness are vinyl acetate and ethyl acrylate. By lowering the content of these components and lowering the cohesiveness, the transparent adhesive layer having a low elastic modulus in the present invention can be obtained.

(Silicone adhesive)
Silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesives are particularly suitably used in applications requiring heat resistance because of their high heat resistance. In addition to good electrical properties, water resistance, moisture resistance, and weather resistance, it adheres well to adherends with low surface energy and high surface energy.

  The constitution of the silicone adhesive is based on rubber-like silicone and resin-like silicone.

  Generally, a dry film of a silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive shows tackiness, but has low cohesiveness. For this reason, cross-linking is required, and adjustment is made so as to obtain appropriate elasticity. Usually, heating at 250 ° C. or adding a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide and heating at 150 to 170 ° C. for 5 to 15 minutes.

  Examples of conventionally used silicone adhesives include (a) methylphenylpolysiloxane resin, (b) phenylvinylsiloxane resin, (c) dimethyldiphenylcyclotetrasiloxane, and (d) chloroplatinic acid. is there.

  Here, the component that affects cohesion, the degree of crosslinking of other members, and the elasticity of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive is (d) chloroplatinic acid. In order to obtain the desired low transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive in the present invention, the content of (d) chloroplatinic acid may be reduced as compared with the conventional case.

(Form of transparent adhesive and layer forming method)
The form of the transparent adhesive is roughly divided into a sheet form and a liquid form. The sheet-like adhesive is a pressure-sensitive type, and after laminating the adhesive on one member to be pasted, the other member is further laminated to bond the two members.

  The liquid pressure-sensitive adhesive is a type that is cured by being left at room temperature or heated after application and bonding, and examples of a method of applying the liquid pressure-sensitive adhesive include a bar coating method, a reverse coating method, a gravure coating method, and a roll coating method. It is selected in consideration of the type, viscosity, application amount, etc. of the agent.

  After bonding using a transparent adhesive, air bubbles that have entered at the time of bonding can be removed or dissolved in the transparent adhesive to improve adhesion between members. Curing may be performed under pressure and heating conditions. At this time, the pressing condition is about 0.001 to 2 MPa, and the heating condition is room temperature or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, depending on the heat resistance of each member.

(Transparent resin layer)
The Young's modulus in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer characterized by its elasticity and thickness in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, and the thickness of the transparent resin layer is 10 to 3000 μm. Is preferable.

  The transparent resin layer characterized by its elasticity and thickness in the present invention prevents a shock from being applied to the glass on the viewing surface or a broken glass from being scattered when a display element is subjected to an impact. And plays an important role in the present invention.

  The transparent resin layer in the present invention forms a functional layer such as a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, or contains a dye, and is used as a base of a laminate.

  The transparent resin layer needs to be transparent. Here, “transparent” means that the visible light luminous average transmittance is 50% or more when the thickness is 100 μm.

  In order that the transparent resin layer absorbs external impact and does not transmit the external impact, the transparent adhesive layer may be deformed by external impact, reduce the impact force, and cancel out. it is conceivable that. For this purpose, it is considered that the elasticity in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer may be limited according to the purpose.

As the elasticity in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer in the present invention, the Young's modulus is preferably from 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, more preferably from 1 × 10 ^{3 to} 7 × 10 ⁷ Pa, Even more preferably, it is 1 × 10 ³ Pa to 5 × 10 ⁷ Pa.

If the Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer is too large, that is, greater than 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa, when the display element is subjected to an impact from the viewing surface side or mechanical strength is applied to the entire display element, the transparent resin layer becomes transparent. The resin layer cannot absorb the impact, and the substrate glass on the viewing surface is easily broken or scattered. If the Young's modulus of the transparent resin layer is too small, that is, smaller than 1 × 10 ³ Pa, the transparent resin layer itself is easily broken, which is not preferable.

  The material that can be used for the transparent resin layer is not particularly specified as long as the material can satisfy the above-described conditions. Specific examples of the material include polyesters, polyether sulfone, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyimide, cellulose resin, polyurethane, fluorine resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, vinyl compounds such as polyvinyl chloride, Polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid ester, polyacrylonitrile, addition polymer of vinyl compound, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid ester, vinylidene compound such as polyvinylidene chloride, vinylidene fluoride / trifluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene / acetic acid Copolymer of vinyl compound or fluorine compound such as vinyl copolymer, polyether such as polyethylene oxide, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, and silicone as transparent elastomer Elastomers such as rubber, urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, soft polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-based copolymer such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, Examples thereof include an ethylene-based transparent composition such as a crosslinked product of an ethylene-based copolymer and an ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer mixture, and a thermoplastic elastomer such as a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer and a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer. However, materials that can be used for the transparent resin layer are not limited to these. These materials may contain fillers such as silica, oil as a plasticizer, additives such as a heat stabilizer or an antioxidant, etc., as long as the intended purpose is not impaired. Further, a treatment such as a plasma treatment may be performed for the purpose of enhancing the adhesiveness or the like.

  Among them, polyester resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyurethane are preferably used.

  The thickness of the transparent resin layer used in the present invention is 10 to 3000 μm, preferably 10 to 2000 μm, more preferably 10 to 1500 μm, further preferably 10 to 1000 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 500 μm. If the thickness is too small, that is, smaller than 10 μm, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient shock absorbing ability. If the thickness is too large, that is, if it is larger than 3000 μm, the light transmittance may be insufficient. When the process is also taken into consideration, if the thickness is too thin, it is difficult to install the optical filter on the display surface, and if the thickness is too thick, flexibility may be limited depending on the type of material.

  The transparent resin layer having a thickness of 50 to 250 μm is a so-called transparent polymer film and has flexibility, and a transparent conductive film can be continuously formed by a roll-to-roll method. For this reason, a long and large-area transparent laminate can be efficiently produced. The transparent resin layer having a thickness of 250 μm or more is a so-called transparent polymer sheet, and a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and the like can be formed by a single-wafer method. If the elasticity is low, a roll-to-roll method can be adopted.

  In the present invention, the surface of the transparent resin layer, the etching treatment such as sputtering treatment, corona treatment, flame treatment, ultraviolet irradiation, electron beam irradiation, or undercoating treatment, the transparent resin layer of the transparent conductive layer formed thereon by undercoating treatment May be improved in advance. Also, an inorganic layer such as an arbitrary metal may be formed between the transparent resin layer and the transparent conductive layer. Before forming the transparent conductive film, dust-proofing such as solvent cleaning or ultrasonic cleaning is performed as necessary. Processing may be performed.

  In order to improve the scratch resistance of the transparent laminate, a hard coat layer may be formed on at least one main surface of the transparent resin layer. When the laminate according to the present invention has a plurality of transparent resin layers, at least one of the laminates needs to have the above-described characteristics, but the other is not limited to parameters that affect the shock absorbing ability.

(Shock absorption layer)
The shock absorbing layer in the present invention is a layer for reducing the force when a force is applied from the outside to the screen of the display element provided with the laminate or the optical filter and preventing the display element from breaking. It is.

(Shock absorption capacity, transparency)
The shock absorbing layer needs to have a suitable shock absorbing capacity and transparency. Here, "having an appropriate shock absorbing capacity" means that the value of the penetration (JIS K2207-1991-50g load) is 50 to 200, preferably 80 to 200, and more preferably 100 to 200. It is. Further, “having transparency” means that the value of the luminous average transmittance when the thickness is 100 μm is 40% or more.

  When the thickness of the shock absorbing layer is too small, sufficient shock absorbing ability cannot be exhibited, and when too large, sufficient light transmittance cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Therefore, the thickness of the shock absorbing layer is 10 to 3000 μm, preferably 10 to 2000 μm, more preferably 10 to 1500 μm, further preferably 10 to 1000 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 500 μm.

  The material of the shock absorbing layer is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions, but suitable materials include gels such as silicone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic.

  Among them, particularly, when silicone is used in a gel state, it is possible to realize an impact-absorbing layer whose penetration and average luminous transmittance show suitable values. Further, when air is sealed in the gel, the shock absorbing ability is improved, and the gel can be used more preferably.

  When the shock absorbing layers are fixed on the transparent resin layer, they are attached to each other using an adhesive or an adhesive. Here, the pressure-sensitive adhesive and the adhesive are not particularly specified as long as they have transparency. Here, “having transparency” means that the luminous average transmittance in a state of a thickness of 25 μm is 50% or more. As the pressure-sensitive adhesive, a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer used for bonding the transparent resin layers in the structure of the laminate of the present invention or for bonding the optical filter and the screen of the display element can be used. Details of the transparent adhesive layer will be described later.

  An anti-reflection layer or an anti-glare layer may be formed on the shock absorbing layer. In particular, as a result of installing the laminate or the optical filter on the display element, if the shock absorbing layer is located on the surface that is the outermost surface, an anti-reflection layer or an anti-glare layer is formed to improve visibility. Is desirable. Details of the antireflection layer and the antiglare layer will be described later.

(Laminate)
The laminate in the present invention is constituted by laminating a transparent resin layer, a transparent adhesive layer and, if necessary, a shock absorbing layer, and each of the shock absorbing layer, the transparent resin layer and the transparent adhesive layer is formed by only one layer. Or a plurality of layers may be present. When a plurality of impact absorbing layers are present, the effect obtained in improving the impact resistance may be greater than that of a single impact absorbing layer.

In this case, when a total of two or more transparent resin layers and / or transparent adhesive layers (A layer, B layer) are used, the JIS-A hardness (JIS-K6301 standard) is the JIS-A hardness (A-layer hardness) of the A layer. Between Ha) and the JIS-A hardness (Hb) of the B layer,
Ha / Hb ≧ 1.1
Preferably, there is a relationship, more preferably,
Ha / Hb ≧ 1.2
More preferably,
Ha / Hb ≧ 1.25
There is a relationship.

  The Ha and Hb values are preferably from 0 to 98, more preferably from 0 to 95.

  As a method for evaluating the hardness of a flexible material, there is Shore A hardness in addition to JIS-A hardness. Since the JIS-A hardness and the Shore A hardness often have almost the same value, there is no substantial problem even if the values of the Shore A hardness are used as the Hc and Hd values.

  The positional relationship between the layer A and the layer B is arbitrary, but it is preferable that the layer A having a high hardness is arranged on the side where the impact is likely to be impacted, for example, on the side of the person when mounted on a display device.

In the present invention, the first laminate is
(I) at least one layer of the transparent adhesive layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm;
(II) at least one layer of the transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm;
(III) at least one of the shock absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200;
(IV) the transparent resin layer and / or the shock absorbing layer are two or more layers in total, and the ratio of the JIS-A hardness of each layer is 1.1 or more;
It is preferable that at least one of the following conditions is satisfied.

(Display element)
The laminate according to the present invention can be used as a member of a display element. Applicable display elements include a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OELD), and a field emission display (FED).

  In the case of PDP, it can be used as an optical filter for the purpose of blocking electromagnetic waves or adjusting color tone. In the case of LCD, it can be used as a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, an antireflection film, and an antiglare film. In the case of OELD and FED, it can be mainly used as an antireflection film and an antiglare film.

Hereinafter, a PDP optical filter will be described as a representative example.
(Optical filter for PDP)
PDPs are usually equipped with an optical filter on the front of the display. This is because the plasma display panel emits strong electromagnetic waves and near-infrared rays outside the device in principle. Electromagnetic waves are known to cause damage to instruments, and it has recently been reported that electromagnetic waves may also cause damage to the human body. For this reason, the emission of electromagnetic waves is becoming a legally regulated direction. For example, in Japan, there is currently a regulation by VCCI (Voluntary Control Council for Interference by data processing equipment electronic machine machine), and in the United States, there is a FCC (Federal Communication) regulation in the United States.

  Near infrared rays cause malfunctions of cordless telephones, infrared remote controllers, and the like. Particularly problematic wavelengths are 800 to 1000 nm. An optical filter is used to suppress emission of such electromagnetic waves and near infrared rays.

  This optical filter needs to have conductivity over the entire surface of the filter and to have excellent transparency. Optical filters that satisfy these requirements and have been put into practical use can be broadly classified into two types. One is a so-called metal mesh type in which metal is thinly arranged in a grid pattern on the entire surface of a substrate. It is excellent in conductivity and has excellent electromagnetic wave blocking ability, but is inferior in near-infrared reflecting ability and transparency. The other type is called a transparent film type, in which a transparent conductive thin film is arranged on the entire surface of a substrate. The transparent conductive thin film type optical filter is inferior to the metal mesh type optical filter in electromagnetic wave blocking ability, but is excellent in near-infrared ray blocking ability and transparency, and thus can be suitably used as a display filter.

  The transparent conductive thin film type optical filter often has a transparent support substrate and a transparent conductive thin film bonded together via a transparent adhesive. In terms of weight reduction and safety of the display device itself, a transparent polymer molded body is often suitably used as the transparent support substrate, but the transparent polymer molded body is affected by heat and moisture. Glass is often used because of its deformable nature. Further, an optical film having a reflectance reducing function, an anti-glare function or a toning function is often combined with a transparent conductive film and bonded.

  The present invention provides an optical filter which does not have a transparent supporting substrate, unlike these conventional ones.

  The lower the sheet resistance of the optical filter, the better the electromagnetic wave blocking ability of the optical filter. As for the transparent conductive thin film type optical filter, it is common practice to obtain a transparent conductive thin film by laminating a metal thin film layer having low resistance. Among them, a metal thin film made of silver having the lowest specific resistance among pure substances is preferably used. Further, for the purpose of increasing the transmittance and improving the stability of the metal thin film layer, the metal thin film layer is usually sandwiched between transparent high refractive index thin film layers to form a transparent conductive thin film laminate.

  In an optical filter used for blocking electromagnetic waves, it is necessary to obtain conduction between the transparent conductive thin film layer and the outside by using an external electrode.

  The configuration of the optical filter used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as necessary functions can be exhibited.

  There is no particular designation for the number of members constituting the optical filter. That is, all functions may be imparted to the transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer, or a plurality of layers having respective functions may be combined. When the function of the optical filter is formed in a single transparent resin layer and a shock absorbing layer, the transparent adhesive layer is used for attaching the optical filter to the viewing surface of the PDP. In addition, when the optical filter is configured by combining two or more transparent polymer films, the transparent adhesive is used to bond the optical filter to the transparent adhesive layer for bonding the PDP viewing surface or each polymer film to each other. Used.

  Specific examples of the configuration of the optical filter are shown below. (A) is a visible surface of PDP, (B), (C) and (D) are transparent adhesive layers, (E), (F) and (G) are transparent resin layers and shock absorbing layers, and (H) is transparent. Assuming that the conductive thin film and (I) are antireflection films, the configuration examples are A / B / H / E / I, A / B / H / E / C / F / I, and A / B / E / H / C / F / I, A / B / H / E / C / F / D / G / I, and A / B / E / H / C / F / D / G / I.

  Even if only one transparent adhesive layer is used, a sufficient effect can be expected as long as the thickness is a certain value or more, but in the present invention, all of the plurality of transparent adhesive layers are provided with a transparent adhesive characterized by low elasticity. When a layer is used, a sufficient effect on impact resistance can be obtained even when the thickness of each transparent adhesive layer is small.

  Even if only one transparent resin layer and the shock absorbing layer are used, a sufficient effect can be expected as long as the thickness is a certain value or more. However, in the present invention, all of the plurality of transparent resin layers are characterized by low elasticity. When the transparent resin layers obtained are used, a sufficient effect on impact resistance can be obtained even if the thickness of each transparent resin layer is small.

The laminate of the present invention can be used as an optical filter for PDP. In this case, a transparent conductive layer is often formed on one of the transparent resin layers and / or the shock absorbing layer. The transparent conductive layer in the present invention is a transparent conductive film composed of a single layer or a multilayer thin film. In the present invention, a laminate in which a transparent conductive layer is formed on a main surface of a polymer film is referred to as a transparent laminate. As the polymer film, in addition to the above-mentioned transparent resin layer, a material having a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ⁸ or more can be used. Preferred examples thereof include a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, polybutylene terephthalate, bisphenol A polycarbonate, and acetic acid. Cellulose and the like can be mentioned.

  The single-layered transparent conductive layer includes the above-described conductive mesh, conductive lattice pattern film, metal thin film, or oxide semiconductor thin film.

  As the multilayer transparent conductive layer, there is a multilayer thin film in which a metal thin film and a high refractive index transparent thin film are laminated. The multilayer thin film in which the metal thin film and the high refractive index transparent thin film are laminated has the following characteristics. That is, a thin metal film such as silver has conductivity and near-infrared reflection characteristics due to free electrons of the metal. Further, the high-refractive-index transparent thin film has a property of preventing reflection of light in a certain wavelength region on the metal thin film. Therefore, such a multilayer thin film has preferable characteristics in all of conductivity, near-infrared cut ability, and visible light transmittance.

  In order to obtain a display filter having electromagnetic wave shielding ability and near-infrared cut ability, a metal thin film that has high conductivity for absorbing electromagnetic waves and has many reflection interfaces for near-infrared reflection, and a high refractive index transparent A multilayer thin film obtained by laminating a thin film and a thin film is preferable.

  By the way, in VCCI, the emission electric field intensity is less than 50 dBμV / m in Class A indicating a regulation value for business use, and less than 40 dB μV / m in Class B indicating a regulation value for consumer use. However, the radiated electric field intensity of the plasma display is in the range of 20 to 90 MHz, exceeding 40 dBμV / m for a diagonal of about 20 inches and exceeding 50 dBμV / m for a diagonal of about 40 inches. Therefore, it cannot be used for home use as it is.

  The radiated electric field strength of the plasma display is stronger as the size of the screen and the power consumption are larger, and an electromagnetic wave shielding material having a high shielding effect is required.

  In addition to high visible light transmittance and low visible light reflectance, the transparent conductive layer must have a sheet resistance of 0.1 to 30 Ω / □, more preferably 0.1 to 15 Ω, in order to have an electromagnetic wave shielding property required for a plasma display. / □, more preferably 0.01 to 5Ω / □. The “visible light transmittance” and “visible light reflectance” in the present invention are calculated according to JIS (R-3106) from the wavelength dependence of the eddy transmittance and the reflectance.

  Further, in order to cut off near-infrared light emitted from the plasma display to a level at which no practical problem occurs, the light transmittance of the display filter in the near-infrared wavelength region of 800 to 1000 nm needs to be 20% or less. In order to satisfy this requirement, it is necessary that the transparent conductive layer itself has a near-infrared cut property due to a requirement for reduction in the number of members and a limit of near-infrared absorption using a dye. In order to cut off near infrared rays by the transparent conductive layer, reflection by free electrons of metal can be used.

  The thicker the metal thin film layer, the lower the visible light transmittance, and the thinner the thin metal layer, the weaker the near-infrared reflection. However, it is possible to increase the visible light transmittance and increase the overall thickness of the metal thin film layer by stacking one or more layers of a laminated structure in which a metal thin film layer with a certain thickness is sandwiched between high refractive index transparent thin film layers. It is. Further, by controlling the number of layers and / or the thickness of each layer, the visible light transmittance, the visible light reflectance, the transmittance of near-infrared light, the transmitted color, and the reflected color can be changed within a certain range. .

  When the visible light reflectance is high, the reflection of a lighting device or the like on the screen becomes large, the effect of preventing reflection on the display unit surface is reduced, and visibility and contrast are reduced. Further, as the reflection color, white, blue, and purple inconspicuous colors are preferable. For these reasons, it is preferable that the transparent conductive layer be a multilayer laminate that is easily designed and controlled optically.

  In an optical filter for a PDP, it is preferable to use a transparent laminate in which a transparent conductive layer of a multilayer thin film is formed on one main surface of a polymer film.

  In the present invention, the transparent conductive layer is preferably such that a high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a) and a metal thin film layer (b) are arranged in order of (a) / (b) on one main surface of a polymer film. It is formed by repeatedly laminating 2 to 4 times, and further laminating at least a high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a) thereon, and the sheet resistance of the transparent conductive layer is 0.1 to 30 Ω / □. I do. This allows the transparent conductive layer to have low resistance for electromagnetic wave shielding, near-infrared cut ability, transparency, and excellent performance in visible light reflectance. In the present invention, a multilayer thin film refers to a transparent conductive film of a multilayer laminate in which one or more laminated structures in which a metal thin film layer is sandwiched between high refractive index transparent thin film layers are stacked, unless otherwise specified.

  In the transparent conductive layer of the present invention, the number of repeated laminations is preferably 2 to 4 times. That is, the transparent laminate of the present invention, in which the transparent conductive layer is laminated on the main surface of the polymer film (A), is obtained by (A) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) Or (A) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) or (A) / (a) / (b) / ( a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a) / (b) / (a). When the number of repetitive laminations is 5 or more, the limitation of the production apparatus and the problem of productivity increase, and the visible light transmittance tends to decrease and the visible light reflectance tends to increase. On the other hand, if the number of repetitions is one, the low resistance, near-infrared cut ability, and visible light reflectance cannot be simultaneously sufficient.

  In a multilayer thin film having two to four repetitions, the near-infrared cut ability, the visible light transmittance, and the visible light reflectivity should be simultaneously set to be suitable characteristics for a plasma display. Of the present invention was found to be 1 to 5 Ω / □.

  It is assumed that the intensity of electromagnetic waves emitted from the plasma display will decrease in the future. In that case, it is expected that sufficient electromagnetic wave blocking characteristics can be obtained even if the sheet resistance of the optical filter is 5 to 15 Ω / □. It is also assumed that the intensity of electromagnetic waves emitted from the plasma display is further reduced. In that case, it is expected that sufficient electromagnetic wave blocking characteristics can be obtained even when the sheet resistance of the optical filter is 15 to 30 Ω / □.

  As a material of the metal thin film layer (b), silver is preferred because it has excellent conductivity, infrared reflectivity, and visible light transmittance when laminated in multiple layers. However, silver lacks chemical and physical stability and is degraded by pollutants in the environment, water vapor, heat, light, etc., so silver has an environmental stability such as gold, platinum, palladium, copper, indium, and tin. Alloys to which one or more metals are added, or metals that are stable in these environments can also be suitably used. In particular, gold and palladium are preferable because of their excellent environmental resistance and optical properties.

  The silver content in the silver-containing alloy is not particularly limited, but is preferably not significantly different from the conductivity and optical properties of the silver thin film, and is about 50% by weight or more and less than 100% by weight. However, the addition of other metals to silver impairs its excellent electrical conductivity and optical properties, so if there are multiple metal thin film layers, at least one layer should not be alloyed with silver if possible. It is desirable to use or alloy only the first and / or outermost metal thin-film layers as viewed from the substrate.

  The thickness of the metal thin film layer is optically and experimentally determined from the conductivity and optical characteristics, and is not particularly limited as long as the transparent conductive layer has the required characteristics. However, it is necessary that the thin film has a continuous state instead of an island structure due to conductivity and the like, and the thickness is desirably 4 nm or more. Further, if the metal thin film layer is too thick, transparency becomes a problem. When there are a plurality of metal thin film layers, the layers are not necessarily all the same thickness, and may not be all silver or an alloy containing the same silver.

  For forming the metal thin film layer, any of the conventionally known methods such as sputtering, ion plating, vacuum deposition, and plating can be employed.

  The transparent thin film forming the high-refractive-index transparent thin film layer (a) is not particularly limited as long as it has transparency in the visible region and has an effect of preventing light reflection in the visible region of the metal thin film layer. However, a material having a high refractive index to visible light of 1.6 or more, preferably 1.8 or more, more preferably 2.0 or more is used. Specific materials for forming such a transparent thin film include oxides of indium, titanium, zirconium, bismuth, tin, zinc, antimony, tantalum, cerium, neodymium, lanthanum, thorium, magnesium, gallium, and the like, or A mixture of oxides, zinc sulfide, and the like can be given.

  These oxides or sulfides do not matter even if the stoichiometric composition of the metal and the oxygen atom or the sulfur atom deviates as long as the optical characteristics are not largely changed. Among them, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide, or a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide (ITO) has a high film-forming speed in addition to transparency and a high refractive index, and has an adhesive property with a metal thin film layer. Can be favorably used because of good.

  The thickness of the high-refractive-index transparent thin film layer is determined optically and experimentally from the optical characteristics of the polymer film (also referred to as a transparent substrate), the thickness and optical characteristics of the metal thin film layer, and the refractive index of the transparent thin film layer. Although not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less. When a plurality of high-refractive-index transparent thin film layers are provided, each layer is not limited to the same thickness and may not be the same transparent thin film material.

  For forming the high-refractive-index transparent thin film layer, any conventionally known method such as sputtering, ion plating, ion beam assist, vacuum deposition, or wet coating can be employed.

  In order to improve the environmental resistance of the transparent conductive layer, an optional organic or inorganic protective layer may be provided on the surface of the transparent conductive layer to such an extent that conductivity and optical properties are not significantly impaired. In addition, in order to improve the environmental resistance of the metal thin film layer and the adhesion between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index transparent thin film layer, the conductivity and optical properties between the metal thin film layer and the high refractive index transparent thin film layer are increased. An arbitrary inorganic layer may be formed to the extent that the characteristics are not impaired. Specific examples of these materials include copper, nickel, chromium, gold, platinum, zinc, zirconium, titanium, tungsten, tin, palladium, and the like, and alloys composed of two or more of these materials. Its thickness is preferably about 0.2 nm to 2 nm.

  In order to obtain a transparent conductive layer having desired optical characteristics, the optical constant (refractive index) of the polymer film and the thin film material should be taken into consideration, considering the conductivity for the electromagnetic wave shielding ability to be obtained, that is, the metal thin film material and its thickness. The optical design is performed using a vector method using a rate and an extinction coefficient, a method using an admittance diagram, and the like, and the thin film material, the number of layers, the film thickness, and the like of each layer are determined. At this time, it is good to consider an adjacent layer formed on the transparent conductive layer. This is because the incident medium of light to the transparent conductive layer formed on the polymer film is different from the incident medium having a refractive index of 1, such as air or vacuum, so that the transmitted color (and the transmittance, the reflected color and the reflectance) are different. Is changed. That is, when the functional transparent layer is formed on the transparent conductive layer via the transparent adhesive layer, a design is performed in consideration of the optical constant of the transparent adhesive layer. In the case where a functional transparent layer is directly formed on the transparent conductive layer, a design is performed in consideration of the optical constant of a material in contact with the transparent conductive layer.

  As described above, by designing the transparent conductive layer, in the high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a), when viewed from the polymer film, the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer are thinner than the layer between them, and the metal thin film layer (b) In (1), when the lowermost layer is thinner than the other layers as viewed from the polymer film, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive having a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.65 and an extinction coefficient of almost 0 and having a thickness of 10 to 50 μm is an adjacent layer, it is transparent The reflection of the laminate does not increase significantly, and the increase in interfacial reflection due to the formation of the adjacent layer is 2% or less.

  In particular, in the case of a transparent conductive layer having three repetitions, ie, a total of seven layers, the second metal thin film layer of the three metal thin film layers (b), that is, the fourth layer viewed from the polymer film Is thicker than the other layers, the reflection of the transparent laminate does not significantly increase when the pressure-sensitive adhesive is an adjacent layer.

  The optical constant can be measured by ellipsometry (ellipsometric analysis) or Abbe refractometer, and the film can be formed by controlling the number of layers and the film thickness while observing the optical characteristics.

  The transparent conductive layer of the display filter in the present invention is also preferably a metal mesh layer.

  The single-layer metal mesh layer is preferably formed by forming a copper mesh layer on a polymer film. A copper foil is bonded on the polymer film, and then processed into a mesh.

  The copper foil used in the present invention can be used as rolled copper or electrolytic copper, but a porous metal layer is preferably used, and the pore size is preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm. To 3 μm, and more preferably 0.5 to 1 μm. When the hole diameter is larger than 5 μm, there is a possibility that the patterning may be hindered. On the other hand, when the hole diameter is smaller than 0.5 μm, it is difficult to expect an improvement in light transmittance. The porosity of the copper foil is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 20%, more preferably 0.02 to 15%, and particularly preferably 0.02 to 5%. The “porosity” in the present invention is a value defined by P / R when the volume is R and the pore volume is P. For example, if the pore volume of a copper foil corresponding to a volume of 0.1 cc is measured by mercury porosity and is 0.001 cc, the porosity can be said to be 1%. The copper foil used may be subjected to various surface treatments. Specific examples include chromate treatment, surface treatment, pickling, zinc chromate treatment and the like.

  The thickness of the copper foil is preferably 3 to 30 μm, more preferably 5 to 20 μm, and still more preferably 7 to 10 μm. If the thickness is larger than this, there is a problem that it takes time for etching. If the thickness is smaller than this, there arises a problem that the electromagnetic wave shielding performance is inferior.

  The aperture ratio of the light transmitting portion is preferably 60% or more and 95% or less, more preferably 65% or more and 90% or less, and even more preferably 70% or more and 85% or less. Although the shape of the opening is not particularly limited, it has a regular triangle, a regular square, a regular hexagon, a circle, a rectangle, a rhombus, and the like, and is preferably arranged in a plane. It is preferable that a typical size of the opening of the light transmitting portion is in a range of one side or a diameter of 5 to 200 μm. More preferably, it is 10 to 150 μm. If this value is too large, that is, more than 200 μm, the electromagnetic wave shielding ability is reduced, and if this value is too small, that is, less than 5 μm, it adversely affects the image on the display. Further, the width of the metal in the portion where the opening is not formed is preferably 5 to 50 μm. That is, the pitch is preferably 10 to 250 μm. If the width is smaller than this width, that is, if the width is smaller than 10 μm, processing becomes extremely difficult. On the other hand, if the width is larger than this width, that is, if the width is larger than 50 μm, the image is unfavorably affected.

  The substantial sheet resistance of a metal layer having a light-transmitting portion is determined by a four-terminal method using an electrode that is five times or more larger than the above-described pattern and having an electrode spacing that is five times or more larger than the repeating unit of the above-described pattern. The measured sheet resistance. For example, when the shape of the opening is a square having a side of 100 μm and the square of the metal layer is regularly arranged with a width of 20 μm, the measurement can be performed by arranging φ1 mm electrodes at 1 mm intervals. Alternatively, the patterned film is processed into a strip shape, electrodes are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the resistance is measured (R). Sheet resistance = R × b / a. The value thus measured is preferably from 0.01 Ω / □ to 0.5 Ω / □, more preferably from 0.05 Ω / □ to 0.3 Ω / □. If an attempt is made to obtain a value smaller than 0.01 Ω / □, the film becomes too thick and an opening cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the value is larger than 0.5Ω / □, sufficient electromagnetic wave shielding ability cannot be obtained.

  As a method of laminating a copper foil on a polymer film, a transparent adhesive is used. Examples of the type of the adhesive include an acrylic type, an epoxy type, a urethane type, a silicone type, and a polyester type, but the adhesive is not particularly limited. Two-part and thermosetting types are preferably used. Preferably, the adhesive is excellent in chemical resistance. After applying the adhesive to the polymer film, the adhesive can be attached to the copper foil, or the adhesive may be attached to the copper foil.

  As a method for forming the light transmitting portion, a printing method or a photoresist method can be used. In the printing method, a method in which a mask layer is pattern-formed by a screen printing method using a printing resist material is preferable. In the method using a photoresist material, a solid photoresist material is formed on a metal foil by roll coating, spin coating, full-surface printing, transfer, etc., and is exposed and developed using a photomask to pattern the resist. Do. After completion of the resist patterning, the metal portion serving as the opening is removed by wet etching, whereby a metal mesh layer having a light transmitting portion with a desired opening shape and opening ratio can be obtained.

(Toning)
The optical filter often has a function of adjusting the color of light emitted from the display to a more preferable one. In some cases, a filter for a liquid crystal panel does not have a transparent conductive layer and has a toning function as a main function.

  If the transmission color of the optical filter has a strong yellowish green to green tint, the contrast of the display is reduced, the color purity is further reduced, and the white display may be greenish. This is due to the fact that light having a wavelength of about 550 nm, which is yellowish green to green, has the highest visibility.

  The multilayer thin film is inferior in transmission color tone when importance is placed on visible light transmittance and visible light reflectance. It is necessary to increase the total thickness of the metal thin film as the electromagnetic wave shielding ability, that is, the conductivity, and the near-infrared cut ability are increased. However, as the total thickness of the metal thin film increases, the transmission color tends to be green to yellowish green. Therefore, the optical filter used for the plasma display is required to have a transmission color of neutral gray or blue gray. This is due to the fact that when green transmission is strong, contrast is reduced, blue emission is weaker than red and green emission colors, and white with a color temperature slightly higher than standard white is preferred. In addition, regarding the transmission characteristics of the optical filter, it is desirable that the chromaticity coordinates of the white display of the plasma display be as close as possible to the locus of the black body.

  When a multilayer thin film is used for the transparent conductive layer (B), it is important to correct the color tone of the multilayer thin film so that the transmission color of the optical filter becomes neutral gray or blue gray. To correct the color tone, a dye that absorbs in the visible wavelength region may be used. For example, when the transmission color of the transparent conductive layer (B) has a green tint, the color is corrected to gray using a red dye, and when the transmission color has a yellow tint, correction is performed using a blue to purple dye.

In a color plasma display, a red (R) light-emitting phosphor such as (Y, Gd, Eu) BO ₃ or the like, (Zn, Mn) ₂ SiO ₄ or the like, which is excited and emits by vacuum ultraviolet light generated by a DC or AC discharge of a rare gas. Blue (B) light emitting phosphor such as (Ba, Eu) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu is formed in a display cell constituting a pixel. In addition to the color purity, the phosphor is selected based on the index of application to the discharge cell, short afterglow time, luminous efficiency, heat resistance, etc. Many require. In particular, the emission spectrum of the red light-emitting phosphor shows several emission peaks ranging from a wavelength of about 580 nm to about 700 nm. Since the relatively strong emission peak on the short wavelength side is emission of yellow to orange, there is a problem that red emission becomes poor in color purity close to orange. When a mixed gas of Xe and Ne is used as the rare gas, orange light emission due to relaxation of light emission in the Ne excited state also deteriorates color purity. Regarding green light emission and blue light emission, the position of the peak wavelength and the broadening of the light emission are factors that lower the color purity.

  The height of the color purity is determined by, for example, a triangular shape having three vertexes of RGB in a coordinate system representing hue and saturation by a horizontal axis chromaticity x and a vertical axis chromaticity y defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). It can be represented by the size of the color reproduction range indicated by the size. Due to the low color purity, the color reproduction range of the emission of the plasma display is usually narrower than the color reproduction range indicated by the chromaticity of the three colors RGB defined by the NTSC (National Television System Committee) system.

  In addition to the bleeding of light emission between display cells, the emission of each color contains unnecessary light over a wide range, and the fact that the required light emission is inconspicuous not only reduces the color purity but also the contrast of the plasma display. It is also a factor to lower. Further, a plasma display generally has a lower contrast in a bright state in which external light due to room lighting or the like is present than in a dark state. This occurs because the substrate glass, the phosphor, and the like reflect external light, and unnecessary light does not make necessary light stand out. The contrast ratio of the plasma display panel is 100 to 200 in the hint, and 10 to 30 in the bright state with the ambient illuminance of about 100 lx. The low contrast is also a factor that narrows the color reproduction range.

  In order to improve the contrast, there is a method of lowering the transmittance in the entire visible wavelength region and reducing the transmission of external light reflection and the like in the substrate glass and the phosphor, such as a neutral density (ND) filter in front of the display. . However, if the visible light transmittance is extremely low, the brightness and the sharpness of the image are reduced, and the color purity is not significantly improved.

  The present inventors have found that improving the color purity and contrast of the luminescent color of a color plasma display can be achieved by reducing unnecessary light emission and external light reflection, which cause a reduction in the color purity and contrast of the luminescent color. Was.

  In addition, by using a dye, the present inventors not only adjust the optical filter to neutral gray or neutral blue, but also reduce unnecessary light emission and external light reflection that cause a reduction in color purity and contrast of the emission color. I found what I can do. In particular, the red emission is remarkably orange, and it has been found that the color purity of the red emission can be improved by reducing the emission at a wavelength of 580 nm to 605 nm.

  In the optical filter of the present invention, reduction of unnecessary light emission and reflection of external light can be performed by including a dye having a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm in the shield. In this case, it is necessary that the display filter does not significantly impair the transmission of light having a wavelength of 615 nm to 640 nm having a red emission peak.

  Dyes have a broad absorption range, and even a dye having a desired absorption peak may absorb light of a suitable wavelength due to absorption at the bottom. When light emission by Ne is present, orange light emission can be reduced, so that the color purity of light emission from the RGB display cells is improved.

  The green emission of the color plasma display is broad, and the peak position may be slightly longer than the green required by the NTSC system, for example, on the yellow-green side.

  The present inventors absorb and cut off the long-wavelength side of green light emission and further cut off unnecessary light emission, and / or shift the peak by absorption of the dye having the absorption maximum at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm on the short wavelength side. It has been found that the color purity can be improved by doing so.

  In order to improve the color purity of red light emission and green light emission, in addition, by using a dye having an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm, the minimum transmittance of the optical filter at a wavelength of 570 nm to 605 nm is set to a required red light emission peak position. Is preferably 80% or less with respect to the transmittance at

  When the color purity of blue light emission is low, a dye that reduces unnecessary light emission, shifts its peak wavelength, and absorbs blue-green light emission may be used similarly to red light emission and green light emission. Further, absorption by the dye can reduce external light reflection on the phosphor by reducing the incidence of external light on the phosphor. This can also improve color purity and contrast.

As a method of including a dye in the optical filter of the present invention,
(1) a method of using a polymer film obtained by kneading at least one kind of dye in a transparent resin,
(2) a method of dispersing and dissolving at least one or more dyes in a resin or a resin concentrate of a resin monomer / organic solvent and using a polymer film produced by a casting method;
(3) a method in which at least one or more kinds of dyes are added to a resin binder and an organic solvent and coated on a transparent substrate as a paint;
(4) a method using a transparent adhesive containing one or more kinds of dyes,
And one or more of these methods (1) to (4) are selected.

  The term “contained” in the present invention means not only that it is contained in a layer such as a substrate or a coating film or inside a pressure-sensitive adhesive, but also that it is applied to the surface of a substrate or a layer.

  The dye may be a dye or pigment having a desired absorption wavelength in the visible region, and the type is not particularly limited. Dyes include, for example, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, methine, azomethine, oxazine, azo, styryl, coumarin, porphyrin, dibenzofuranone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, rhodamine, xanthene, pyromethene And other commercially available organic dyes. The type and concentration of the dye are determined by the absorption wavelength and absorption coefficient of the dye, the color tone of the transparent conductive layer, the transmission characteristics and transmittance required for the optical filter, and the type and thickness of the medium or coating film to be dispersed, and are particularly limited. Not something.

  When a multilayer thin film is used for the transparent conductive layer (B), it has a near-infrared cut ability in addition to an electromagnetic wave shielding ability. In the case where it does not have one, one or more kinds of near-infrared absorbing dyes may be used in combination with the above dyes in order to impart near-infrared cut ability to the display filter.

  The near-infrared absorbing dye is not particularly limited as long as it complements the near-infrared cut ability of the transparent conductive layer and absorbs near-infrared light emitted by the plasma display to an extent that makes it practical enough. The concentration is not limited. Examples of the near infrared absorbing dye include a phthalocyanine-based compound, an anthraquinone-based compound, a dithiol-based compound, and a diiminium-based compound.

  Since the plasma display panel has a high panel surface temperature, particularly when the temperature of the environment is high, the temperature of the optical filter also increases. Therefore, the dye used in the present invention has heat resistance, for example, heat resistance that does not significantly deteriorate at 80 ° C. due to decomposition or the like. It is preferable to have the property.

  Some dyes have poor light resistance in addition to heat resistance. When the deterioration of the dye due to the emission of the plasma display, ultraviolet light of external light and visible light becomes a problem, the deterioration of the dye due to ultraviolet light is reduced by using a member containing an ultraviolet absorber or a member that does not transmit ultraviolet light. It is important to use a dye that does not significantly deteriorate due to ultraviolet light and visible light.

  The same is true for heat, light, humidity, and their combined environment. Deterioration of the dye changes the transmission characteristics of the optical filter.

Actually, it is specified in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-220303 that the surface temperature of the plasma display panel changes from 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. Further, the light generated from the plasma display panel is specified as, for example, 300 cd / m ² (Fujitsu Limited Image Site Catalog AD25-0061C Oct. 1997M). Since 2π × 20,000 × 300 = 38 million (lx · hour), it is understood that light resistance of about tens of millions (lx · hour) is practically required.

  Furthermore, in order to disperse the dye in a medium or a coating film, the solubility of the dye in an appropriate solvent is also important. Two or more dyes having different absorption wavelengths may be contained in one medium or coating film.

  The optical filter of the present invention has excellent transmission characteristics and transmittance without significantly impairing the brightness and visibility of the color plasma display, and can improve the color purity and contrast of the emission color of the color plasma display. The present inventors have found that when at least one of the dyes to be contained is a tetraazaporphyrin compound, the main absorption wavelength is at or near the wavelength of the unnecessary emission of 570 to 605 nm which is particularly desired to be reduced. In addition, since the absorption wavelength width is relatively narrow, it has been found that loss of luminance due to absorption of suitable light emission can be reduced. As a result, it was possible to obtain an optical filter having excellent transmission characteristics, transmittance, and ability to improve the color purity of emitted light and the contrast.

  In the optical filter of the present invention, the methods (1) to (4) for containing the dye include the polymer film (A) containing the dye and the transparent adhesive layer (C) or (D) described below containing the dye. ), One or more of a functional transparent layer (E) described below containing a dye, and a hard coat layer (F) described above containing a dye. The functional transparent layer (E) described below containing a dye is a film containing a dye and having each function, a film containing a dye and having each function formed on a polymer film, and each function. The film may be formed on a substrate containing a dye.

  In the present invention, two or more dyes having different absorption wavelengths may be contained in one medium or coating film, or two or more dye layers may be provided.

  First, the method of (1) in which a resin is kneaded with a dye and heat molded is described. The resin material is preferably as transparent as possible when formed into a plastic plate or a polymer film. Specifically, polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, polystyrene, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, polyether ether ketone Polyamide such as polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon 6, cellulose resin such as polyimide, triacetyl cellulose, fluorine resin such as polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, vinyl compound such as polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic Acid ester, polyacrylonitrile, addition polymer of vinyl compound, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid ester, vinylidene compound such as polyvinylidene chloride, vinylidene fluoride / trif Examples include vinyl compounds or copolymers of fluorine compounds such as ethylene copolymers and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, polyethers such as polyethylene oxide, epoxy resins, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl butyral. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

As the production method, depending on the dye used, the base polymer, the processing temperature, film formation conditions and the like are slightly different,
(I) a method in which a pigment is added to a base polymer powder or pellet, heated and dissolved at 150 to 350 ° C., and then molded to produce a plastic plate;
(Ii) a method of forming a film with an extruder,
(Iii) A method of producing a raw material using an extruder and uniaxially or biaxially stretching the film at a temperature of 30 to 120 ° C. to 2 to 5 times to obtain a film having a thickness of 10 to 200 μm.

  At the time of kneading, an additive such as a plasticizer used for ordinary resin molding may be added. The amount of the dye to be added depends on the absorption coefficient of the dye, the thickness of the polymer molded article to be produced, the intended absorption intensity, the intended transmission characteristics and the transmittance, etc. %.

  In the casting method (2), a dye is added and dissolved in a resin concentrate obtained by dissolving a resin or a resin monomer in an organic solvent, and if necessary, a plasticizer, a polymerization initiator, and an antioxidant are added. A plastic plate or a polymer film is obtained by pouring the mixture into a mold or a drum having the following surface condition and subjecting it to solvent evaporation and drying or polymerization, solvent evaporation and drying.

  As the resin or resin monomer, an aliphatic ester resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an aromatic ester resin, a polycarbonate resin, an aliphatic polyolefin resin, an aromatic polyolefin resin, a polyvinyl resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, Polyvinyl-modified resin (PVB, EVA, etc.) or a resin monomer of these copolymer resins is used. As the solvent, a halogen-based, alcohol-based, ketone-based, ester-based, aliphatic hydrocarbon-based, aromatic hydrocarbon-based, ether-based solvent, or a mixture thereof is used.

The concentration of the dye varies depending on the absorption coefficient of the dye, the thickness of the plate or film, the target absorption intensity, the target transmission characteristics, the vortex permeability, and the like, but is usually 1 ppm to 20% based on the weight of the resin monomer. .
Further, the resin concentration is usually 1 to 90% based on the whole paint.

  As the method of (3) for coating by coating, a method of dissolving a dye in a binder resin and an organic solvent to form a coating, or a method in which an uncolored acrylic emulsion paint is finely pulverized (50 to 500 nm) is used. There is a method of dispersing into an acrylic emulsion-based water-based paint, and the like.

  In the former method, usually, an aliphatic ester resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an aromatic ester resin, a polycarbonate resin, an aliphatic polyolefin resin, an aromatic polyolefin resin, a polyvinyl resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, A modified polyvinyl resin (PVB, EVA, etc.) or a copolymer thereof is used as a binder resin. As the solvent, a halogen-based, alcohol-based, ketone-based, ester-based, aliphatic hydrocarbon-based, aromatic hydrocarbon-based, ether-based solvent, or a mixture thereof is used.

  The concentration of the dye varies depending on the absorption coefficient of the dye, the thickness of the coating, the desired absorption intensity, the desired visible light transmittance, and the like, but is usually 0.1 to 30% based on the weight of the binder resin.

  Further, the binder resin concentration is usually 1 to 50% with respect to the whole paint. Similarly, in the case of the latter acrylic emulsion-based water-based paint, a pigment obtained by finely pulverizing (50 to 500 nm) a pigment is dispersed in an uncolored acrylic emulsion paint. Additives such as antioxidants and the like used in ordinary paints may be added to the paint.

  The coating material prepared by the above-described method contains a pigment, such as a bar coater, a blade coater, a spin coater, a reverse coater, a die coater, or a conventionally known coating such as a spray, on a transparent polymer film, a transparent resin, or a transparent glass. A substrate to be manufactured is prepared.

  A protective layer may be provided to protect the coated surface, or another component of the optical filter may be bonded to the coated surface so as to protect the coated surface.

  In the method (4) used as a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a dye, a polyvinyl adhesive such as an acrylic adhesive, a silicone adhesive, a urethane adhesive, a polyvinyl butyral adhesive (PVB), an ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive (EVA), or the like is used. A pigment is added to a sheet-like or liquid pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive such as ether, saturated amorphous polyester, or melamine resin with 10 ppm to 30% added.

  In these methods, an ultraviolet absorber can be contained together with the dye in order to increase the light resistance of the dye-containing optical filter. The type and concentration of the ultraviolet absorber are not particularly limited.

(electrode)
For devices that require an electromagnetic wave shield, a metal layer is provided inside the case of the device, or the case is shielded from electromagnetic waves by using a conductive material. When transparency is required as in a display, an optical filter having an electromagnetic wave shielding function provided by a transparent conductive layer formed in a window shape is provided. Since the electromagnetic wave induces electric charge in the optical filter after being absorbed in the transparent conductive layer, unless the charge is released from the optical filter by grounding, the optical filter again becomes an antenna and oscillates the electromagnetic wave. The shielding ability decreases. Therefore, it is necessary that the optical filter and the ground part of the display body are electrically connected. Therefore, when the transparent adhesive layer (D) and the functional transparent layer (E) are formed on the transparent conductive layer (B), the transparent adhesive layer (D) and the functional transparent layer (E) It is preferably formed on the transparent conductive layer (B) so as to leave a portion. An electrode is formed using this conductive part. Although the shape of the conductive portion is not particularly limited, it is important that there is no gap for leakage of electromagnetic waves between the optical filter and the display body.

  In order to improve the electrical contact, a conductive material may be applied to the conductive portion to form an electrode. The shape to be provided is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that it is formed so as to cover all the conductive portions.

  The electrode in the present invention may be formed by bringing a conductive material into contact with each of the layers constituting the optical filter including the transparent conductive layer. In the optical filter of the present invention, it can be observed that at least the transparent conductive layer and the layer for protecting the transparent conductive layer are layered. If a suitable conductive material is in contact with the transparent conductive layer and each layer, a desired electrode can be obtained.

  In this case, when the end of the transparent adhesive layer formed on the transparent conductive layer is intruded inside the end of the transparent conductive layer, the transparent adhesive layer is formed when an electrode is formed using a conductive paste or the like. This is preferable because the conductive paste enters the gap between the end of the transparent conductive layer and the end of the transparent conductive layer, and the contact area between the transparent conductive layer and the electrode increases.

  Also, a conductive tape such as a copper tape is sandwiched between the transparent conductive layer and the transparent adhesive layer to be laminated thereon, and a part of the conductive tape is pulled out to the outside of the electromagnetic wave shielding body as a conductive part, thereby forming an electrode. It may be formed. In this case, the conductive tape drawn out to the outside substantially serves as an electrode.

  Alternatively, an electrode may be formed by providing a gap from the transparent conductive layer to the outermost surface of the laminate. The shape of the gap seen from the surface is not particularly specified, and may be circular or square. It may be formed in a linear shape. There is no particular designation for the size of each gap seen from the surface. However, it is not preferable that the size is too large, since the size is applied to a visible portion. The formation position of the gap is not particularly specified as long as the position avoids the visible portion. Inevitably, it will be near the end. There is no particular limitation on the number of gaps to be formed, but it is preferable to form as many gaps as possible over the entire circumference because the current extraction efficiency increases. The gap may be provided between the transparent conductive layer and the outermost surface of the laminate, but preferably penetrates the transparent conductive layer from the viewpoint of increasing the contact area with the electrode to be formed.

  There is no particular designation for the member that fills the gap. It may be filled with a metal member or with a conductive paste. In this case, the member filling the gap becomes an electrode substantially.

  The electrodes are preferably provided continuously on the peripheral edge of the transparent conductive layer (B). That is, it is preferable that the conductive portion is provided in a frame shape except for a central portion which is a display portion of the display.

  Even if electrodes are not formed on the entire circumference, there is a certain electromagnetic wave blocking ability. Therefore, in many cases, it can be used by comprehensively considering the amount of electromagnetic waves generated from the device and the amount of allowable electromagnetic wave leakage.

  For example, if the electrode is formed by applying a conductive material only to opposing sides of a rectangle, the electrode can be formed by a roll-to-roll method or the electrode can be formed in a rolled state. This is convenient because an optical filter can be manufactured with high production efficiency. This technique can also be used in the case where a conductive tape is used as an electrode as described above.

  There is no particular problem even if an electrode is formed in another portion in addition to the portion other than the two opposing sides of the rectangle, or a portion where the electrode is not formed in a part of the two opposing sides.

  In the process of forming the electrode, covering the conductive portion also protects the transparent conductive layer (B) having poor environmental resistance and scratch resistance. The material used to cover the conductive portion may be selected from silver, gold, copper, platinum, nickel, aluminum, chromium, iron, zinc, carbon, etc., from the viewpoints of conductivity, contact resistance, and adhesion to the transparent conductive film. A paste composed of a single substance or an alloy composed of two or more kinds, a synthetic resin and a mixture of these simple substances or alloys, or a paste composed of a borosilicate glass and a mixture of these simple substances or alloys can be used. For forming an electrode, a conventionally known method such as a printing method or a coating method for a paste such as a plating method, a vacuum evaporation method, and a sputtering method can be employed.

  The conductive material used is not particularly specified as long as it can conduct electricity. A paste made of a conductive material such as a silver paste is used.

  As a method for covering the conductive portion, a paste-like material is applied to the side surface of each layer and dried. The conductive material may be applied to the side surface of the film in a roll state, or may be applied to the side surface while being fed out in a roll-to-roll manner. Alternatively, a tape-shaped conductive material can be used.

  As a coating method, a screen printing method is often used from the viewpoint of efficiency and accuracy.

  When the gap is filled with a metal member to form an electrode, the electromagnetic wave shield itself does not need to be processed in advance. A metal ground having a screw hole is prepared in advance on the outer peripheral portion of the display device, and the electromagnetic wave shield body is attached to the display portion of the display device including the metal ground portion. A conductive screw may be embedded in the screw hole of the metal ground so as to penetrate. In this case, the conductive screw substantially serves as an electrode. Using this method, an electromagnetic wave shield can be manufactured with high productivity by a roll-to-roll method, and it is easy to form electrodes over the entire circumference of the electromagnetic wave shield.

(Anti-reflective layer)
The antireflection layer is a layer formed on a substrate to reduce the light reflectance of the surface of the substrate.

Specifically, the antireflection layer has a refractive index of 1.5 or less, preferably 1.4 or less in the visible light range, and is preferably a fluorocarbon transparent polymer resin, magnesium fluoride, a silicon resin, or an oxide. A silicon thin film or the like formed as a single layer with an optical thickness of, for example, 1/4 wavelength, or an inorganic compound having a different refractive index, such as a metal oxide, a fluoride, a silicide, a boride, a carbide nitride, or a sulfide. , Two or more thin films of an organic compound such as a silicon-based resin, an acrylic resin, or a fluorine-based resin. A single layer is easy to manufacture, but is inferior in antireflection properties to a multilayer laminate. The multilayer laminate has an antireflection function over a wide wavelength range, and there is little restriction on the optical design due to the optical characteristics of the base film. For the formation of these inorganic compound thin films, conventionally known methods such as sputtering, ion plating, ion beam assist, vacuum deposition, and room coating may be used.
The film on which the antireflection layer is formed is an antireflection film.

(Anti-glare layer)
The anti-glare layer is a layer formed on the base to prevent transmitted light passing through the base and light reflected from the surface from being anti-glare.

The antiglare layer has fine irregularities on the surface of about 0.1 to 10 μm. Specifically, an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an alkyd resin, a thermosetting or photocurable resin such as a fluorine resin, silica, melamine, an inorganic compound such as acrylic, The particles obtained by dispersing the organic compound particles and forming an ink are coated and cured on a transparent polymer film by a bar coating method, a reverse coating method, a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a roll coating method or the like. The average particle size of the particles is 1 to 40 μm. Alternatively, a thermosetting or photocurable resin such as an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, a melamine resin, a urethane resin, an alkyd resin, or a fluororesin is applied to a substrate, and a mold having a desired haze or surface state is provided. The anti-glare layer can also be obtained by pressing and curing. Further, the antiglare layer can be obtained by treating the base film with a chemical, such as etching the glass plate with hydrofluoric acid or the like. In this case, the haze can be controlled by the processing time and the etching property of the chemical. Haze is measured, for example, according to ASTM standard D1003-61, and the haze tends to increase as the degree of scattering due to surface irregularities increases. In the above-described antiglare layer, it is only necessary that appropriate irregularities are formed on the surface, and the method of forming the antiglare layer is not limited to the methods described above. The haze of the antiglare layer is from 0.5% to 20%, preferably from 1% to 10%. If the haze is too small, the antiglare ability is insufficient, and if the haze is too large, the parallel light transmittance is reduced, and the display visibility is deteriorated.
The film on which the antiglare layer is formed is an antiglare film.

(Polarizer)
The polarizing plate is an optical element for extracting only a component that vibrates in only one direction from light, and is indispensable for an LCD element. It is often in the form of a film, and is often called a polarizing film.

  The polarizing plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for LCD.

  The polarizing film is often obtained by doping iodine into a polymer film coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The film is uniaxially stretched to align iodine molecules in the film. At this time, iodine is oriented together with the polymer of the film, and as a result, the directions of the iodine molecules are aligned.

  At all times, natural light vibrates perpendicular to the direction of travel, and includes light that vibrates in parallel (longitudinal) and vertical (horizontal) with the long axis direction of iodine molecules in the polarizing film. I have. Of course, some light oscillates at an intermediate angle. Consider only light that oscillates parallel to the long axis direction of the iodine molecule and light that oscillates perpendicularly. In the case of iodine, the light absorption coefficient in a direction perpendicular or parallel to the major axis direction of the molecule greatly differs due to the bias of the electron density of the molecule. Light that oscillates perpendicular to the long axis of the molecule is transmitted almost 100%, but light that oscillates parallel to the long axis of the molecule is hardly transmitted and is absorbed by iodine. Therefore, only light perpendicular to the major axis of the iodine molecule can pass through the polarizing film, and all other components are absorbed by iodine. In this way, linearly polarized light (plane polarized light) vibrating in only one direction is obtained from natural light.

(size)
In the present invention, the effect of the present invention can be particularly expected when the screen size of a large display element is 21 inches or more. Here, the screen size is defined by a diagonal length. Further, when the size is 37 inches or more, a greater effect can be expected, and when the size is 42 inches or more, a greater effect can be expected. With respect to a display element having a screen size smaller than 21 inches, the use of a conventionally used member can satisfy the safety condition specified by the Electricity Control Law. However, even in a display element having a screen size smaller than 21 inches, the use of a transparent adhesive layer characterized by its low elastic modulus as in the present invention has an effect of further increasing safety.

  Regarding the display element for a small portable terminal in the present invention, the effect of the present invention can be expected for all screen sizes. The display element used for a small portable terminal is small and has a screen size of about 1 inch. However, even with this size, the substrate glass of the display element may be broken due to an external impact due to a drop or the like. . In the display element specified by the present invention, this crack is very unlikely to occur and is effective. Furthermore, recently, the screen size of a display element provided in a small portable terminal is becoming larger. The use of the display element in the present invention is more effective because the substrate glass of the display element is more easily broken as the screen size increases.

(Analysis method)
For measuring the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer characterized by its low elasticity according to the present invention, a commonly used general method can be used. For example, the transparent adhesive layer is exposed, a load is applied to a unit area from the surface, and the Young's modulus can be determined from the magnitude of the load and the amount of deformation of the transparent adhesive layer.

  The layer configuration of the optical filter and the state of each layer can be examined using an optical microscope measurement, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement, and a transmission electron microscope measurement (TEM) of the cross section.

  The surface atomic composition of the transparent conductive film is determined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray microanalysis (XMA), charged particle excitation X-ray analysis (RBS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Method (XPS), vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), etc. . Further, the atomic composition and the film thickness in the film can be examined by performing Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) or secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in the depth direction.

  When an anti-glare film (anti-glare film, abbreviated as AG film), an anti-reflection film, or the like is laminated on the transparent conductive film, the film is peeled off, and the surface of the transparent conductive film is exposed. It is sufficient to use and check.

  The composition and structure of the polymer and dye used in the present invention can be examined by dissolving the dye in an appropriate solvent and using a general composition or structure analysis technique. For example, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy (MAS) and the like can be used.

Example (production of transparent conductive film)
Next, examples of the present invention will be described specifically. The present invention is not limited by these.

  The thin film constituting the transparent conductive layer (B) in the embodiment is formed on one main surface of the substrate by a magnetron DC sputtering method. The thickness of the thin film is a value obtained from film forming conditions, and is not an actually measured film thickness.

When an ITO thin film is used as the high-refractive-index transparent thin film layer (a), an indium oxide / tin oxide sintered body (composition ratio In ₂ O ₃ : SnO ₂ = 90: 10 wt%) is used as a target, and argon sputter gas is used as a sputtering gas. A film is formed using an oxygen mixed gas (total pressure: 266 mPa: oxygen partial pressure: 5 mPa).

  When a tin oxide thin film is used as the high refractive index transparent thin film layer (a), a tin oxide sintered body is formed as a target and a mixed gas of argon and oxygen (total pressure 266 mPa: oxygen partial pressure 5 mPa) is formed as a sputtering gas. .

  When a silver thin film is used as the metal thin film layer (b), silver is formed as a target and argon gas (total pressure of 266 mPa) is used as a sputtering gas.

  When a silver-palladium alloy thin film is used as the metal thin film layer (b), a silver-palladium alloy (palladium 10 wt%) is formed as a target, and an argon gas (total pressure 266 mPa) is formed as a sputtering gas.

  The sheet resistance of the transparent conductive layer is measured by a four-probe measurement method (probe interval: 1 mm). The visible light reflectance (Rvis) of the surface is determined by first cutting out a small side of the object to be measured, removing the transparent adhesive layer, roughening the surface of the polymer film (A) side with sandpaper, and then spraying with matte black spray. The reflection of the lever was eliminated, and the total light reflectance in the visible region was measured by a spectrophotometer (U-3400, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) using a reflection integrating sphere (light incident angle: 6 °), and calculated here. The calculated reflectance is calculated according to JIS R3106.

(Measurement of Young's modulus)
Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer, using a stainless steel measuring rod cross-sectional area 1 × 10- ⁶ m ^2, over a constant load, the tip of the measuring bar is measured by pressing the surface of the transparent adhesive layer. The Young's modulus (G) is determined from the relationship between the magnitude of the applied load (F) and the amount (D) of the measuring rod penetrating into the transparent adhesive layer. The relational expression is F = G × D.

(Penetration)
It is determined according to JIS K2207-1991-50g load.

(Hard ball drop test)
Examples 1 to 7 are performed as follows.

  A hard sphere having a diameter of 50 mm and a weight of 500 g is dropped from a height of 1300 mm into a pendulum at the center of the display surface of the display element. At this time, if the base glass of the display portion was broken and scattered to the front, it was rejected. If it did not scatter to the front, the test was passed. In addition, the superiority among the display elements that have passed is distinguished by the degree of breakage of the glass.

Examples 8 to 30 are performed as follows.
A hard sphere having a diameter of 50 mm and a weight of 500 g is dropped from a height of 1300 mm into a pendulum at the center of the display surface of the display element. The distance to the arrival point of the broken glass was examined. The result is the distance to the point of arrival of the glass having a mass of 1 g or more that has scattered farthest.

(Drop test)
Examples 1 to 7 are performed as follows.

  The display element is dropped on the plate from a height of 750 mm. The board is a 20 mm thick hardwood board. A laminated plate obtained by combining two 20 mm-thick plates is placed on concrete, and the plates are placed thereon.

  Between the barriers provided at 900 mm and 1500 mm in front of the display device, glass fragments of 15 g or more on the short side and a total weight of 45 g or more are scattered, or fragments having a weight exceeding 1 g exceed the barrier provided at 1500 mm in front of the display device. If it flew, it was rejected, otherwise it was passed. In addition, the judgment is carried out in consideration of the scattering state of the glass piece in each of the reject and the pass.

  Examples 8 to 30 are performed as follows.

  The display element is dropped on the plate from a height of 750 mm. The board is a 20 mm thick hardwood board. A laminated plate obtained by combining two 20 mm-thick plates is placed on concrete, and the plates are placed thereon.

  The distance to the arrival point of the broken glass scattered in the forward direction of the display device was examined. The result is the distance to the point of arrival of the glass having a mass of 1 g or more that has scattered farthest.

  Between the barriers provided at 900 mm and 1500 mm in front of the display device, 15 g or more of a single piece of glass shards having a total weight of 45 g or more are scattered, and fragments having a weight exceeding 1 g are provided at a distance of 1500 mm in front of the display device. If it flew beyond, it will be rejected, otherwise it will be passed. In addition, in each of the rejection and the pass, judgment of superiority or inferiority is performed in view of the scattering state of the glass piece.

Regarding Young's modulus of transparent adhesive layer (Example 1)
(Preparation of transparent conductive film)
A biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (hereinafter, PET) (thickness: 188 μm) is used as a polymer film (A), and an ITO thin film (thickness: 40 nm) and a silver thin film (thickness: 11 nm), ITO thin film (thickness: 95 nm), silver thin film (thickness: 14 nm), ITO thin film (thickness: 90 nm), silver thin film (thickness: 12 nm), and ITO thin film (thickness: 40 nm). A transparent laminate having a transparent conductive layer (B) having a sheet resistance of 2.2 Ω / □ is formed.

  A cross section of the laminate (PET film / transparent conductive layer) is shown in FIG. 1 as a cross-sectional view showing an example of the polymer film (A) / transparent conductive layer (B) in the present invention. In FIG. 1, a high-refractive-index thin film layer 20, a metal thin-film layer 30, a high-refractive-index thin film layer 20, a metal thin-film layer 30, a high-refractive-index thin film layer 20, and a metal thin-film layer 30 The high refractive index thin film layer 20 is laminated.

(Production of acrylic adhesive)
100 parts by weight of a monomer mixture of vinyl acetate: octyl acrylate: ethyl acrylate: maleic acid = 20: 70: 10: 7.5, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and methylene chloride in a ratio of 0.2: 20 by weight. To make a mixed mixture. The monomer mixture and the AIBN mixture are heated with stirring to a temperature at which reflux occurs. Reflux occurs at about 74 ° C. Five minutes after refluxing, 55 parts of methylene chloride begin to be added to the mixture. This operation is performed slowly over 3 hours. Finally, the reflux temperature becomes about 50 ° C. One hour later, 75 parts of toluene are added to the mixture. The reflux temperature is about 65 ° C. At this temperature, the mixture is heated for a further 6 hours. At this stage, the polymerization of the mixture is completed, and the mixture is cooled to room temperature.

  The weight composition of the copolymer obtained at the above-described material mixing ratio is about vinyl acetate: octyl acrylate: ethyl acrylate: maleic acid = about 20: 70: 10: 7.5. The obtained sample is referred to as sample a (vinyl acetate 20 wt%).

  Subsequently, samples having different weight compositions are prepared by changing the ratio of the materials to be mixed. In this embodiment, the weight composition is changed such that only the mixing ratio of vinyl acetate is changed. Prepare a sample having the following mixing ratio of vinyl acetate. Sample b (18 wt% vinyl acetate), Sample c (15 wt% vinyl acetate), Sample d (10 wt% vinyl acetate), Sample e (5 wt% vinyl acetate), Sample f (3 wt% vinyl acetate), and Sample g (acetic acid Vinyl 2 wt%).

(Dye dispersion)
An organic dye is dispersed and dissolved in a solvent of ethyl acetate / toluene (50:50 wt%) to prepare a diluting liquid of an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. An acrylic adhesive / dilution solution containing a pigment (80:20 wt%) is mixed to prepare an adhesive stock solution. The refractive index of the adhesive is 1.51, and the extinction coefficient is 0.

  Examples of the organic dye include a dye PD-319 manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. having an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 595 nm for absorbing unnecessary emission emitted by the plasma display, and Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. for correcting chromaticity of white emission. ) Using a red dye made by PS-Red-G, prepare an acrylic adhesive / dilution liquid containing dye so that each dried adhesive 1 contains 1150 (wt) ppm and 1050 (wt) ppm. .

(Formation of adhesive layer)
An adhesive stock solution is applied by a gravure coating method on a polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) having a surface subjected to easy peeling treatment so as to have a thickness of 100 μm to form an adhesive layer. The coated surface is an easily removed surface. Further, a polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) whose surface has been easily removed is stuck on the adhesive layer to form a double tack state. The adhesive layer is stuck so that the easily peeled surface is in contact with the adhesive layer. At this time, it is preferable that the easy peel layer used has a higher easy peel property than the easy peel layer on which the adhesive is first applied. In addition, the polyethylene terephthalate films located on both sides of the transparent adhesive layer function as a release film, and it is assumed that the one with higher easy peeling property is firstly peeled off.

(Formation of adhesive layer on transparent conductive film)
The transparent adhesive layer obtained as described above is formed on the transparent conductive layer / PET film surface of the PET film. First, one of the two release films adhered to both sides of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off, and is adhered to the transparent laminate. The structure is: transparent conductive layer / PET film / adhesive / release film.

(Preparation of anti-reflection film)
On one main surface of a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film (thickness: 80 μm, Young's modulus: 1300 MPa), a photopolymerization initiator was added to a polyfunctional methacrylate resin, and ITO fine particles (average particle size: 10 nm) were further dispersed. The coating liquid is applied by a gravure coater, a conductive hard coat film (thickness: 3 μm) is formed by ultraviolet curing, and a fluorine-containing organic compound solution is applied thereon by a micro gravure coater, dried at 90 ° C., and thermally cured. Then, an antireflection film (thickness: 100 nm) having a refractive index of 1.4 was formed, and a hard coat property (pencil hardness: 2H according to JIS K5400) and a gas barrier property (1.8 g / m ² · day according to ASTM-E96). ) Rvis antireflection property (surface: 1.0%), antistatic properties (surface ^{resistance: 7 × 10 9 Ω / □} ), and having a soil resistance Obtaining an antireflection film as a functional transparent layer (E). On the other main surface of the anti-reflection film, apply and dry an adhesive / diluent that does not contain a dye with the same material as the adhesive to form a transparent adhesive layer (D) (adhesive 2) having a thickness of 25 μm. Then, a release film is laminated.

(Production of optical filter)
The transparent conductive film / PET film / adhesive / release film is cut into a size of 970 mm × 570 mm, and fixed to a glass support plate with the transparent conductive layer (B) face up. Further, using a laminator, an antireflection film is laminated only on the inner side, leaving a conductive portion so that the peripheral portion 20 mm of the transparent conductive layer (B) is exposed.

  Further, a silver paste (MSP-600F, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) is screen-printed in a range of 22 mm in width of the peripheral portion so as to cover the exposed conductive portion of the transparent conductive layer (B), dried, and dried to a thickness of 15 μm. Is formed. The optical filter of the present invention having a release film on the transparent adhesive layer (C) surface is prepared by removing the optical filter from the support plate.

(Equipped with optical filter)
Further, the release film of the optical filter was peeled off and bonded to the front surface of the plasma display panel (display section 920 mm × 520 mm) using a single-wafer laminator, and then pressurized at 60 ° C. and 2 × 10 ⁵ Pa. Autoclave under warm conditions. The electrode of the optical filter and the ground portion of the plasma display panel are connected using a conductive copper foil adhesive tape (510FR) manufactured by Teraoka Seisakusho Co., Ltd. to obtain a display device having the optical filter of the present invention. A cross section of the optical filter is shown in FIG. 2 as a cross-sectional view showing an example of the optical filter of the present invention and a mounted state thereof. In FIG. 2, on a plasma display panel 40, a transparent adhesive layer 50, a transparent polymer film 10, a transparent conductive layer 60, a transparent adhesive layer 70, a transparent polymer film 80, and an anti-reflection Layer 90 is laminated. The electrode 100 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 60 so as to cover the end faces of the transparent adhesive layer 70, the transparent polymer film 80, and the antireflection layer 90.

(Impact resistance test)
The impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter manufactured as described above is examined by a hard ball drop test and a drop test. Pass only if both pass, otherwise reject. In each of the cases of pass and reject, the superiority of the impact resistance is determined from the results of each test.
Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

To obtain a laminate capable of providing a PDP exhibiting good impact resistance and passing an impact resistance test when the transparent adhesive layer has a Young's modulus in a range of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa. You can see that you can do it. It can be seen that when the Young's modulus of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is larger than 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and smaller than 1 × 10 ² Pa, sufficient impact resistance cannot be obtained.

(Example 2)
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that a silicon-based transparent adhesive layer was prepared and used as a transparent adhesive layer characterized by an elastic modulus.

(Production of silicone adhesive)
The following three types of resins and catalysts are prepared.

  Resin P1 / A copolymer of phenylmethylsiloxane (concentration 50 mol%), monophenylsiloxane (concentration 15 mol%), monomethylsiloxane (concentration 25 mol%), and diphenylsiloxane (concentration 10 mol%). Contains zinc octate catalyst (0.6% by weight). It has a hydroxyl group bonded to silicon.

  Resin P2 / phenylmethylvinylsiloxy copolymer. It consists of phenylmethylsiloxane (concentration: 60 mol%) and phenylvinylsiloxane (40 mol%).

  Copolymer of resin P3 / phenylmethylsiloxane (50 mol%) and hydrogenated methylsiloxane (50 mol%).

Catalyst A / xylene solution in which chloroplatinic acid (concentration: 0.2% by weight) is dispersed.
Formulation h / Resin P1, Resin P2, and Resin P3 are mixed in toluene at a weight ratio of 25: 4.0: 1.0 to prepare a 50% mixed solution. 15 drops of catalyst A are added to this mixture. The resulting mixture is designated as sample h.

  Preparation i is carried out in the same manner as preparation h except that one drop of catalyst A is added. The resulting mixture is designated as sample i.

Preparation j / The same procedure as in Preparation h, except that catalyst A was not added. The resulting mixture is designated as sample j.
Table 2 shows the evaluation results.

  Even when a silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive is used, the PDP equipped with the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be formed by lowering the Young's modulus of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer as compared with the conventional case, as in the case of using the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive in Example 1. It can be seen that safety standards for impact resistance can be satisfied.

(Comparative Example 1)
Except that a double duck tape (5510 made by Sekisui Chemical) was used as the transparent adhesive layer, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed.
Table 3 shows the evaluation results.

  A PDP equipped with a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive conventionally used has poor impact resistance, and the Young's modulus of the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive in Examples 1 and 2 is equivalent to that of the sample having poor impact resistance. .

(Example 3)
Except for the matters described below, the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed.

  An anti-reflection film is produced in the same manner as in Example 1. Instead of a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness: 188 μm, Young's modulus: 4000 MPa) is used as the base film.

  A transparent conductive film is formed on the surface of the antireflection film opposite to the surface on which the antireflection layer is formed in the same manner as in Example 1.

  An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number e) is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a dye is dispersed therein to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

The transparent adhesive layer obtained as described above is formed on the transparent conductive film of the antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film. First, one of the two release films adhered to both sides of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off and laminated on a transparent laminate to produce an optical filter.
The structure is antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film / adhesive / release film.

  The laminate produced as described above is cut into a size of 970 mm × 570 mm to produce an optical filter.

Further, the release film of the optical filter was peeled off and bonded to the front of a 42-inch type plasma display panel (display section 920 mm × 520 mm) using a single-wafer laminator, and then applied at 60 ° C. and 2 × 10 ⁵ Pa. Autoclave under pressure heating condition.

  A hole for screwing with the outside is formed in advance around the outside of the display portion on the front of the plasma display panel. The hole for screwing is electrically connected to the outside of the PDP so as to be grounded.

  The optical filter is attached to the PDP so as to cover this screw hole. A screw is fixed to the screw hole so as to penetrate the optical filter from the optical filter surface. The screws used must have conductivity. A cross section of the optical filter is shown in FIG. 3 as a cross-sectional view showing another example of the optical filter of the present invention and its mounted state. In FIG. 3, a transparent adhesive layer 50, a transparent conductive layer 60, a transparent polymer film 10, and an anti-reflection layer 90, which are characterized by low elasticity, are sequentially laminated on the plasma display panel 40. The electrode 100 is provided to penetrate each layer, is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 60, and is grounded by contact with a conductive screw of the PDP.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on an OELD (organic electroluminescence display). In FIG. 4, on the OELD 140, a transparent adhesive layer 50, a transparent polymer film 10, and an anti-reflection layer 90 characterized by low elasticity are sequentially laminated.
Table 4 shows the evaluation results.

  Even if the number of polymer films constituting the optical filter is one, the impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter can be sufficiently obtained by using the transparent adhesive layer having a Young's modulus lower than the conventional one. You can see that.

(Example 4)
Except for the matters described below, the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed.

The procedure is performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the silicone-based adhesive (sample number c) used in Example 2 is used as the adhesive characterized by low elasticity.
Table 5 shows the evaluation results.

  It can be seen that even when the transparent adhesive layer is a silicone-based adhesive, sufficient impact resistance can be obtained as in the case of using the acrylic-based adhesive in Example 3.

(Example 5)
Except for the matters described below, the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed.
An anti-reflection film is produced in the same manner as in Example 3.

An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number d) is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
The transparent adhesive layer obtained as described above is formed on the PET film of the antireflection film / PET film. First, one of the two release films adhered to both sides of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off, and the two films are laminated on a transparent laminate to produce a further laminate.
The composition is antireflection film / PET film / adhesive / release film.

  The optical filter manufactured as described above is cut into a size of 60 mm × 40 mm to manufacture an optical filter.

  Further, the release film of the optical filter is peeled off, and the optical filter is bonded to the front of a 3 inch type organic electroluminescence display (display section 60 mm × 40 mm).

Pass judgment of the impact resistance test is made based on whether or not the glass substrate on the display viewing surface is cracked.
Table 6 shows the evaluation results.

  It can be seen that, by lowering the Young's modulus of the transparent adhesive layer than before, the small portable display equipped with the transparent adhesive layer is less likely to be broken by the impact of falling.

（実施例６）
以下に示した事項以外は実施例１と同様に実施する。

(Example 6)
Except for the matters described below, the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed.

The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that the silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive (sample number c) used in Example 2 was used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive characterized by low elasticity.
Table 7 shows the evaluation results.

It can be seen that the use of a silicone-based pressure-sensitive adhesive as the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer increases the impact resistance of a small portable display equipped with the same as in the case of using an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.

(Example 7)
The operation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the following.

(Production of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive) Sample c was produced.

(Formation of Adhesive Layer) Seven kinds of adhesive layers having a thickness of 510, 500, 300, 100, 50, 10, and 5 μm were prepared.

(Formation of Adhesive Layer on Transparent Conductive Film) The seven kinds of adhesives prepared above were adhered on the PET film surface of the transparent conductive film / PET film to prepare seven kinds of laminates. The structure is transparent conductive film / PET film / adhesive / release film.

(Production of Optical Filter) The average luminous transmittance of the optical filter was measured after the production of the optical filter. If the luminous average transmittance (Tvis) is lower than 30%, it is determined that it is not practical.

  Table 8 shows the evaluation results.

  It can be seen that when the thickness of the adhesive layer is smaller than 10 μm, the impact resistance test cannot be satisfied. When the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is larger than 500 μm, the luminous average transmittance is smaller than 30%, which is not practically useful.

  In view of the above, it is understood that the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 μm.

Regarding Young's modulus of transparent resin layer (Example 8)
(Creating a transparent resin layer)
Polyethylene terephthalate pellets 1203 (manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) were melted at 290 to 300 ° C., and a 200 μm thick film was produced with an extruder. Thereafter, this film is biaxially stretched to produce a PET film having a thickness of 100 μm.

  Except for using the above-mentioned PET film and a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet (having a thickness of 0.01 mm and a Young's modulus of 2.5 MPa) manufactured by Hamakawa Paper Mill, an optical filter was prepared and bonded to the front surface of a PDP in the same manner as in Example 1. I do.

  A cross section of the optical filter is shown in FIG. 5 as a cross-sectional view showing another example of the optical filter of the present invention and its mounted state. 5, a transparent adhesive layer 250, a transparent resin layer 210 having appropriate elasticity and thickness, a transparent conductive layer 260, a transparent adhesive layer 270, a transparent resin layer 280, and an antireflection layer 290 are sequentially formed on the plasma display panel 240. Are laminated. The electrode 300 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 260 so as to cover the end surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer 270, the transparent resin layer 280, and the antireflection layer 290.

(Impact resistance test)
The impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter manufactured as described above is examined by a hard ball drop test. The superiority was judged based on the distance that the scattered glass reached. That is, it was evaluated that the further the glass was scattered, the lower the performance of the equipped optical filter was. In the present invention, it is considered that the transparent resin layer functions effectively when the glass scattering distance is within 0.5 m.

(Example 9)
The same operation as in Example 8 is performed except that the PET of the transparent resin layer is not stretched.

(Example 10)
Except that an ethylene / propylene copolymer (thickness: 100 μm, Young's modulus in a direction perpendicular to the plane: 40 MPa) is used as a transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity, the same procedure as in Example 8 is performed.

(Example 11)
Example 8 is carried out in the same manner as in Example 8 except that an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (thickness: 100 μm, Young's modulus in a direction perpendicular to the plane: 12 MPa) is used as a transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity.

(Example 12)
Example 8 is carried out in the same manner as in Example 8, except that EVA (Young's modulus in the direction perpendicular to the surface: 4 MPa) is used as the transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity.

(Example 13)
An anti-reflection film is produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that EVA (thickness: 200 μm, Young's modulus in a direction perpendicular to the plane: 12 MPa) is used as the base film. A transparent conductive film is formed on the surface of the antireflection film opposite to the surface on which the antireflection layer is formed in the same manner as in Example 8.

  An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was prepared in the same manner as in Example 8, and a pigment was dispersed therein to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

  The transparent adhesive layer obtained as described above is formed on the transparent conductive film of the antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film. First, one of the two release films adhered to both sides of the transparent adhesive layer is peeled off and laminated on a transparent laminate to produce an optical filter. The composition is antireflection film / PET film / transparent conductive film / adhesive / release film.

  The laminate produced as described above is cut into a size of 970 mm × 570 mm to produce an optical filter.

  Further, the release film of the optical filter is peeled off and bonded to the front of a 42-inch plasma display panel (display section 920 mm × 520 mm) using a single-wafer laminator.

  A hole for screwing with the outside is formed in advance around the outside of the display portion on the front of the plasma display panel. The hole for screwing is electrically connected to the outside of the PDP so as to be grounded.

  The optical filter is attached to the PDP so as to cover this screw hole. Screws are fixed to the screw holes so as to penetrate the optical filter from the optical filter surface. It is necessary that the screws used have conductivity. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the optical filter of the present invention and a mounted state of the optical filter according to the present invention. 6, a transparent adhesive layer 250, a transparent conductive layer 260, a transparent resin layer 210, and an antireflection layer 290 are sequentially laminated on a plasma display panel 240. The electrode 300 is provided to penetrate each layer, is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 260, and is grounded by contact with a conductive screw of the PDP.

(Example 14)
The same procedure as in Example 13 was carried out except that EVA (200 μm in thickness, Young's modulus in a direction perpendicular to the plane of 4 MPa) was used as a transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity.

  Table 9 shows the evaluation results. The number of components is the number of all transparent resin layers constituting the laminate. The glass scatter distance is the result after the hard ball drop test.

(Example 15)
The filter sheet of Example 10 was cut into a size of 40 mm × 30 mm, and bonded on a visual recognition surface of a 2-inch type organic electroluminescence device (dimensions 40 mm × 30 mm).

  FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on an OELD (organic electroluminescence display). 7, a transparent adhesive layer 250, a transparent resin layer 210, and an antireflection layer 290 are sequentially laminated on the OELD 340.

  The impact resistance of this element is examined by a drop test. In the present invention, when the glass scattering distance is within 0.5 m, it is considered that the transparent resin layer sufficiently exerts the impact prevention function.

(Example 16)
Except that the PET film prepared in Example 14 was used, the same operation as in Example 15 was performed.

  Table 10 shows the evaluation results. The material refers to a material of a transparent resin layer characterized by elasticity and thickness. The Young's modulus is a Young's modulus in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent resin layer. The glass scatter distance is the result after the drop test.

Next, the case where the shock absorbing layer is used will be described.
(Example 17)
(Preparation of transparent conductive layer)
Transparent conductive layer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a PET film (thickness: 75 μm, Young's modulus: 3900 MPa) and a transparent pressure sensitive adhesive sheet (thickness: 0.01 mm, Young's modulus: 2.5 MPa) manufactured by Hamakawa Paper Mill were used. Create.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer)
A silicone gel substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α-gel, sheet with a thickness of 500 μm, average luminous transmittance 83%, penetration 180) was prepared, and the antireflection film was prepared as described above. Similarly, an antireflection layer is formed on one main surface. Further, a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is bonded on the other main surface.

  Except for using the above-described transparent conductive film and the shock absorbing layer, an optical filter is prepared and bonded to a PDP in the same manner as in Example 1.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the optical filter of the present invention and a mounted state thereof. 8, a transparent adhesive layer 450, a transparent resin layer 410, a transparent conductive layer 460, a transparent adhesive layer 470, a transparent resin layer 480, an antireflection layer 490, and a shock absorbing layer 500 are sequentially laminated on a plasma display panel 440. Is done. Electrode 510 is electrically connected to transparent conductive layer 460 so as to cover the end surfaces of transparent adhesive layer 470, transparent resin layer 480, and antireflection layer 490.

(Impact resistance test)
The impact resistance of the PDP equipped with the optical filter manufactured as described above is examined by a hard ball drop test.

(Example 18)
The same operation as in Example 17 was performed, except for the following.

In (Preparation of shock absorbing layer), a silicone gel substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α-gel, 500 μm thick sheet, penetration of 180, average luminous transmittance 83%) was prepared. A transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is stuck on the surface.

(Preparation of Optical Filter) Obtained by laminating the dye-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the optical filter of Example 1 with the surface of the impact absorbing layer on which the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not formed.

  The structure obtained is: antireflection layer / TAC film / transparent adhesive layer / transparent conductive layer / adhesive layer containing dye / shock absorbing layer / adhesive layer / separator film.

  Furthermore, a silver paste (MSP-600F, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) is screen-printed in a range of 22 mm in the peripheral portion so as to cover the exposed conductive portion of the transparent conductive layer, and dried to form an electrode having a thickness of 15 μm. I do.

(Equipment of Optical Filter) FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a PDP provided with the optical filter together with a cross-sectional view of the optical filter. 9, the shock absorbing layer 500, the transparent adhesive layer 450, the transparent resin layer 410, the transparent conductive layer 460, the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, and the antireflection layer 490 are sequentially laminated on the plasma display panel 440. Is done. Electrode 510 is electrically connected to transparent conductive layer 460 so as to cover the end surfaces of transparent adhesive layer 470, transparent resin layer 480, and antireflection layer 490.

(Example 19)
The same operation as in Example 17 was performed, except for the following.
Two types of shock absorbing layers were prepared.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer I)
A silicone gel substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α-gel, sheet with a thickness of 500 μm, average luminous transmittance 83%, penetration 180) was prepared, and the same as in the case of forming the anti-reflection film as described above Then, an antireflection layer is formed on one main surface. Further, a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is bonded on the other main surface. This is referred to as a shock absorbing layer I.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer II)
A silicone gel substance (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α-gel, 500 μm thick sheet, luminous average transmittance 83%, penetration 180) was prepared, and a transparent adhesive (thickness: : 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa). This is referred to as a shock absorbing layer II.

(Preparation of Optical Filter) The dye-containing adhesive layer of the optical filter of Example 1 and the surface of the impact absorbing layer II where the transparent adhesive layer is not formed are bonded together.

  The structure of the obtained laminate is as follows: antireflection layer / TAC film / transparent adhesive layer / transparent conductive layer / dye-containing adhesive layer / shock absorbing layer / adhesive layer / separator film.

Furthermore, a silver paste (MSP-600F, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) is screen-printed in a range of 22 mm in width of the peripheral portion so as to cover the exposed conductive portion of the transparent conductive layer, and dried to form an electrode having a thickness of 15 μm. I do.
The transparent adhesive side of the shock absorbing layer I and the antireflection film side of the laminate are stuck together.

  Subsequently, the laminate is removed from the support plate to produce an optical filter of the present invention having a release film on the transparent adhesive layer surface.

  FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of a PDP provided with the optical filter together with a sectional view of the optical filter. In FIG. 10, the shock absorbing layer 500, the transparent adhesive layer 450, the transparent resin layer 410, the transparent conductive layer 460, the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, the antireflection layer 490, The absorption layer 500 is laminated. The electrode 510 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 460 so as to cover the end surfaces of the transparent adhesive layer 470, the transparent resin layer 480, and the antireflection layer 490.

(Example 20)
Preparation and evaluation were performed in the same manner as in Example 17 except that the antireflection film and the shock absorbing layer II were not used.

(Comparative Example 2)
Example 17 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 17 except that no shock absorbing layer was formed.
Table 11 shows the results of Examples 17 to 20 and Comparative Example 2.

  As can be seen from the results of Examples 17 to 20 in Table 11, it can be seen that in all the examples, a plasma display panel that passed the impact resistance test can be obtained.

  As shown in Comparative Example 2, the plasma display panel including the optical filter using the laminate having no shock absorbing layer does not pass the shock resistance test.

(Example 21)
(Preparation of anti-reflection film)
An antireflection layer was formed on a PET film (thickness: 188 μm, Young's modulus: 4000 MPa) in the same manner as in Example 1, and an adhesive layer (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) was formed on the opposite surface. Formed. The constitution is: anti-reflection layer / PET film / adhesive layer.

(Preparation of shock absorbing layer)
When a silicone gel material (manufactured by Geltech Co., Ltd., product name: α-gel, 500 μm thick sheet, average luminous transmittance 83%, penetration 180) is prepared, and an antireflection film is prepared as described above. Similarly to the above, an antireflection layer is formed on one main surface. Further, a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive (thickness: 25 μm, Young's modulus: 2.0 MPa) is attached on the other main surface.

(Preparation of optical filter)
The antireflection film cut into a size of 40 mm × 30 mm and the shock absorbing layer are bonded together. The structure is as follows: antireflection layer / PET film / adhesive layer / shock absorbing layer / adhesive layer / separator.

  This is bonded on a screen of a 2-inch type organic electroluminescence element (dimensions: 40 mm × 30 mm).

FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of an organic electroluminescence device including the anti-reflection film, together with a cross-sectional view of the anti-reflection film. In FIG. 11, a transparent adhesive layer 50, a transparent resin layer 10, and an antireflection layer 90 are sequentially laminated on an organic electroluminescence display 520.
The impact resistance of this element was examined by a drop test.

(Comparative Example 3)
Example 21 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 except that the impact absorbing layer was not formed.
The results of Example 21 and Comparative Example 3 are shown in Table 12.

As can be seen from the results of Example 21 in Table 12, it can be seen that the use of the optical filter having the shock absorbing layer makes it possible to obtain an organic electroluminescent element that passes the shock resistance test. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 3, the organic electroluminescent device having the laminate or the optical filter without the shock absorbing layer does not pass the impact resistance test.
Next, a case in which a falling ball impact test evaluation is performed will be described.

(Example 22)
(Preparation of transparent conductive film)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (width 564 mm, length 500 m, thickness 75 μm, Young's modulus: 3900 MPa) was used as a polymer film, and an ITO thin film was formed on one main surface of the polymer film in order from the PET film. (Thickness: 40 nm), silver thin film (thickness: 10 nm), ITO thin film (thickness: 95 nm), silver thin film (thickness: 12 nm), ITO thin film (thickness: 90 nm), silver thin film (thickness: 9 nm) ) And an ITO thin film (thickness: 40 nm), a total of seven transparent conductive layers were formed, and a transparent conductive film having a transparent conductive layer with a sheet resistance of 2.3Ω / □ was produced. A transparent adhesive layer was formed on the side opposite to the transparent conductive layer. A cross-sectional view is shown in FIG.

(Preparation of AG film)
AG film (manufactured by NOF Corporation, brand: PET75AG-HC / PU-V, with a transparent adhesive layer formed on the opposite surface of the AG layer, width 558 mm, length 500 m, thickness 75 μm) (base material layer: PET film) , Young's modulus: 3900 MPa).

(Preparation of EVA sheet)
Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (manufactured by DuPont Mitsui Polychemicals, containing 19 wt% of vinyl acetate units, MFR = 2.5 g / 10 min, JIS-A hardness = 89, Young's modulus: 43 MPa) A sheet having a size of 564 mm, a thickness of 0.23 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.93 mm, 1.3 mm, and 2.1 mm is prepared. A transparent adhesive layer (without dye, thickness 0.01 mm) is attached to one side of this.

(Lamination)
The adhesive layer side of the transparent conductive film and the side opposite to the adhesive layer of the 2.1 mm thick EVA sheet are bonded by a roll-to-roll method.

  Next, the transparent conductive layer side of the laminate and the adhesive layer side of the AG film are bonded to each other by a roll-to-roll method. The position of the film in the width direction was set so that the center position of each film coincided. The total thickness is about 2.3 mm.

(Cut)
The above laminate is cut to a size of 958 mm * 564 mm.

(Electrode formation)
A silver paste was applied to the long side portion of the laminate over a width of 6 mm by a screen printing method, and dried to obtain a display filter 1. The coating was performed on the AG film side.

(Attach to plasma display panel)
A display filter was attached to the front surface of a plasma display panel (PX-42VP1 manufactured by NEC) via a transparent adhesive layer containing a dye. The contact provided in advance on the plasma display panel was brought into contact with the electrode portion of the display filter. All the electrodes provided over the entire circumference are covered.

(Evaluation of electromagnetic wave blocking ability)
By operating the plasma display panel, the intensity of electromagnetic waves emitted to the outside is measured based on FCC Part 15J. This filter meets the Class A criteria.

(Falling ball impact test)
A sample obtained by fixing a Nikkei Denso LC-20KNG702 compression type load cell (rated capacity 20 kN, rated output 1160 * 10 ^-6 strain) on a stone table and cutting the filter into a 50 mm * 50 mm size at the center of the load cell. After fixing, a 543 g steel ball is dropped from a height of 10 cm at room temperature. The stress and time at that time are measured by connecting the load cell to an AS2102 dynamic strain meter manufactured by NEC Sanei, an AP11-103 high-speed DC amplifier manufactured by NEC Sanei, and a RA1200 thermal dot recorder manufactured by NEC Sanei. Table 1 shows the results.

  Also, the same sample film is fixed on a plasma display panel (PX-42VP1 manufactured by NEC), and the PDP panel is not damaged even if a 543 g steel ball is dropped from a height of 10 cm.

(Example 23)
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was performed in the same manner as in Example 22 except that α gel (trade name: silicone gel made by Geltech, thickness: 3 mm, with a transparent adhesive on one side) was used instead of the EVA sheet. Table 13 shows the results.

(Comparative Example 4)
Except that a PET sheet (thickness: 2 mm, Young's modulus: 900 MPa) was used instead of EVA and α gel, a sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was performed in the same manner as in Example 22. Table 13 shows the results.

  Next, a case will be described in which a laminate made of two or more layers having different JIS-A hardnesses is evaluated for a falling ball impact test.

(Example 24)
A ball-drop impact test is performed in the same manner as in Example 22, except that a sample sheet in which an α gel having a thickness of 1 mm, an EVA having a thickness of 0.23 mm, and a laminate are used is used. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 25)
(Preparation of styrene thermoplastic elastomer (SEBS) sheet)
Using styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (trade name: Clayton G1657, JIS-A hardness: 55, Young's modulus: 1.2 MPa) pellets of Shell Co., Ltd., extrusion molding, width 564 mm, thickness 0.36 mm, 0.54 mm, 1 A sheet having a size of .02 mm is prepared. A transparent adhesive layer (without dye, 0.01 mm) is attached to one side of this.

(Lamination, falling ball impact test)
Laminating and falling ball impact tests were performed in the same manner as in Example 24, except that an EVA sheet having a thickness of 0.36 mm and SEBS having a thickness of 0.93 mm were used instead of the α gel. The results are shown in Table 14.

(Example 26)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 25, except that the thickness of the EVA sheet was set to 0.23 mm, the size was set to 50 mm for each of the length and width, and electrode printing was not performed. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 27)
The EVA sheet thickness was set to 0.94 mm, and instead of the SEBS sheet, α gel (trade name: silicone gel manufactured by Geltech, 50 mm * 50 mm * 0.3 mm with a single-sided transparent adhesive, JIS-A hardness <10) was used. Except for the above, a sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 26. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 28)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 27 except that the thickness of the EVA sheet was 0.23 mm and the thickness of the α gel was 1 mm. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 29)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 28 except that the thickness of the EVA sheet was 0.36 mm and the α-gel was 1 mm. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 30)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 29 except that an SEBS sheet (thickness 0.36 mm) was used instead of the EVA sheet. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 31)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 30 except that the thickness of the SEBS sheet was 0.93 mm and the α-gel was 0.3 mm. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 32)
(Preparation of EVA / ethylene propylene terpolymer (EPT) co-crosslinked sheet)
40 parts by weight of EVA, 60 parts by weight of Mitsui EPT (ethylene / propylene / ethylidene norbornene copolymer), 25 parts by weight of silica, and 27 parts by weight of paraffin oil Stabilizer, silane coupling agent, peroxide, stabilizer Was added and kneaded, and a sheet having a length of 150 mm, a width of 150 mm, a thickness of 0.54 mm and 1.17 mm was obtained by melt press molding (hereinafter referred to as EVT, JIS-A hardness: 64, Young's modulus: 1.2 MPa). ). The JIS-A hardness was 64 in each case. The above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive (no dye, thickness 0.01 mm) was stuck on one side of this.

(Falling ball impact test)
Example 31 except that 0.54 mm thick EVT and α gel (silicone gel manufactured by Geltech, 50 mm * 50 mm * 0.5 mm size with a single-sided transparent adhesive, JIS-A hardness <10) were used instead of SEBS. A sample sheet was prepared in the same manner as described above, and a falling ball impact test was performed. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 33)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 32 except that SEBS having a thickness of 0.36 mm was used instead of α-gel. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 34)
A sample sheet was prepared and subjected to a falling ball impact test in the same manner as in Example 33, except that the thickness of the α gel was changed to 0.54 mm instead of SEBS. Table 14 shows the results.

(Example 35)
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was performed in the same manner as in Example 24 except that the thickness of the α-gel was 0.5 mm and the thickness of EVA was 0.36 mm. The results are shown in Table 15.

(Example 36)
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was performed in the same manner as in Example 24 except that the thickness of the α-gel was 0.5 mm and the thickness of the SEBS was 0.5 mm. The results are shown in Table 15.

(Example 37)
A sample sheet was prepared and a falling ball impact test was performed in the same manner as in Example 24, except that the thickness of SEBS was 0.45 mm and the thickness of EVT was 0.45 mm. The results are shown in Table 15.

  From the above results, it can be seen that the panel is not damaged if one or more impact relaxation layers are provided and the T / F value is 200 or more.

The present invention is capable of the following embodiments.
(1) A laminate comprising at least a transparent adhesive layer and a transparent resin layer and having a thickness of 3.5 mm or less,
In a stress-time curve in a falling ball impact test in which a steel ball having a weight in the range of 530 g to 550 g is dropped from a height of 10 cm, from the occurrence of impact stress to the first peak: T (μs) and the first peak Impact stress when: between F (kN),
T / F ≧ 200
A laminate characterized by satisfying the following relationship:
(2) The laminate according to the above configuration (1), further comprising a shock absorbing layer.

(3) one or more transparent adhesive layers;
A laminate comprising at least one transparent resin layer, wherein the laminate satisfies at least one of the following requirements (I) to (Iv):
(I) At least one of the transparent adhesive layers has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm.
(II) At least one transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm.
(III) A shock absorbing layer is included, and at least one of the shock absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200.
(IV) There are two or more transparent resin layers and / or shock absorbing layers in total, and two layers having a JIS-A hardness ratio of 1.1 or more.

  (4) The laminate according to the above configuration (3), wherein the transparent adhesive layer mainly contains an acrylic resin or a silicone resin.

  (5) The configuration according to (3), wherein the transparent resin layer includes at least one selected from a polyester resin, a polypropylene resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and a transparent elastomer. )).

  (6) The laminate according to the above configuration (3), wherein the shock absorbing layer contains a silicone-based gel.

  (7) The laminate according to the above configuration (3), wherein the JIS-A hardness of the transparent resin layer and the impact absorbing layer is 0 to 98.

  (8) The laminate according to the above configuration (1), wherein at least one of the transparent resin layers includes a transparent conductive layer or a metal mesh layer having a sheet resistance of 0.01 to 30 Ω / □.

  (9) At least one of the transparent resin layers has at least one function selected from an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antifouling function, an antistatic function, a polarizing function, and a phase difference forming function. The laminate according to the above configuration (1).

  (10) The laminate according to the above configuration (1), wherein the transparent resin layer has a filter function of filtering at least one of the whole electromagnetic wave region, the near infrared region, and the visible light region.

  (11) A display device, wherein the laminate according to the configuration (1) is provided on a display viewing surface.

  The present invention may be embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all aspects, and the scope of the present invention is set forth in the appended claims, and is not limited by the specification text.

  Furthermore, all modifications and changes belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a transparent conductive film. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state which equipped the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the state which equipped the laminated body which concerns on this invention in PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the state which equipped the laminated body which concerns on this invention in OELD. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on a PDP. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on a PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the state which equipped the laminated body which concerns on this invention in OELD. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on a PDP. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on a PDP. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a state in which the laminate according to the present invention is mounted on a PDP. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the state which equipped the laminated body which concerns on this invention in OELD.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Transparent polymer film 20 High refractive index thin film layer 30 Metal thin film layer 40 Plasma display panel 50 Transparent adhesive layer 60 characterized by low elasticity Transparent conductive layer 70 Transparent adhesive layer 80 Transparent polymer film 90 Anti-reflection layer 100 Electrode 140 Organic electroluminescent display

Claims (9)

One or more transparent adhesive layers,
A laminate comprising at least one transparent resin layer, wherein the laminate satisfies at least one of the following requirements (I) to (III).
(I) At least one of the transparent adhesive layers has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm.
(II) At least one transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm.
(III) A shock absorbing layer is included, and at least one of the shock absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200. One or more transparent adhesive layers,
A laminate comprising at least one transparent resin layer, wherein the laminate satisfies at least one of the following requirements (I) to (IV).
(I) At least one of the transparent adhesive layers has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ⁶ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 500 μm.
(II) At least one transparent resin layer has a Young's modulus of 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ⁸ Pa and a thickness of 10 to 3000 μm.
(III) A shock absorbing layer is included, and at least one of the shock absorbing layers has a penetration of 50 to 200.
(IV) There are two or more transparent resin layers and / or shock absorbing layers in total, and two layers having a JIS-A hardness ratio of 1.1 or more.   The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the transparent adhesive layer contains an acrylic resin or a silicone resin as a main component.   3. The transparent resin layer according to claim 1, wherein the transparent resin layer contains at least one selected from a polyester resin, a polypropylene resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and a transparent elastomer. Laminate.   The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the impact absorbing layer includes a silicone-based gel.   The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the transparent resin layers includes a transparent conductive layer or a metal mesh layer having a sheet resistance of 0.01 to 30 Ω / □.   At least one of the transparent resin layers has at least one function selected from an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antifouling function, an antistatic function, a polarizing function, and a phase difference forming function. Item 3. The laminate according to Item 1 or 2.   3. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the transparent resin layer has a filter function of filtering at least one of an electromagnetic wave, a near-infrared region, and a visible light region. 4.   A display device comprising the laminate according to claim 1 provided on a display viewing surface.

Images